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MSM 111 - Exponential and Logarithmic Functions - T5

This document contains a tutorial sheet for a mathematics course covering exponential and logarithmic functions. It includes 18 problems involving solving, graphing, and manipulating equations with exponential and logarithmic terms. The key concepts covered are the definitions and properties of exponential and logarithmic functions, as well as solving related equations.

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Chileshe Simon
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111 views2 pages

MSM 111 - Exponential and Logarithmic Functions - T5

This document contains a tutorial sheet for a mathematics course covering exponential and logarithmic functions. It includes 18 problems involving solving, graphing, and manipulating equations with exponential and logarithmic terms. The key concepts covered are the definitions and properties of exponential and logarithmic functions, as well as solving related equations.

Uploaded by

Chileshe Simon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MULUNGUSHI UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES


DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS

MSM 111 - Mathematical Methods I

Tutorial Sheet 5 - 2022/2023 - Exponential and Logarithmic Functions


————————————————————————————————————————–

1. Solve each of the following equations:


1 −2t
x
(ii) 21 = 16
1

(i) 32 = 27 (iii) 274x = 9x+1 (iv) 8 = 2t+3
2. Find the domain of each of the following
(i) f (x) = 3x (ii) g(x) = log(2 + 5x) (iii) h(x) = ln x + ln(2 − x)
3. Sketch the graph of each of the following functions:
x
(i) f (x) = 3x (ii) f (x) = 21 (iii) f (x) = 2x−1 (iv) f (x) = 2−|x|
(v) f (x) = 1 + ln(−x) (vi) f (x) = − log x (vii) f (x) = 2 + 3x
4. Suppose that in a certain bacteria culture, the equation Q(t) = 1000e0.4t expresses the numbers of bacteria present
as a function of time t, where t is expressed in hours. how many bacteria are present at the end of
(i) 2 hours? (ii) 3 hours (iii) 5 hours
5. Supposed that a certain substance has a half-life of 20 years. If there are presently 2500 -milligrams of substance,
then the equation Q(t) = 2500(2)−t/20 yields the amount remaining after t- years. How much remains after
(i) 40-years? (ii) 50-years? (iii) 81- years?
6. The number of soldiers at AB Barracks who contracted influenza after t days during flu-epidemic is approximately
given by the exponential function

500
Q(t) =
1 + 1249e−kt

If 40 soldiers contracted the flu by day 7, find how many soldiers contracted the flu by day 15.
7. The temperature, θo c of a hot drink t minutes (t ≥ 0) after it has been made is given by

θ = 20 + 40e−0.05t
(i) Find in o c, the temperature of a drink at the instant at which it is made.
(ii) Calculate in o c, the to 3 significant figure the temperature of the drink 10 minutes after being made.
(ii) Calculate to the nearest whole number, the value of t when the temperature of the drink is 40o c.
8. Write each of the following in logarithmic form:
−2
(i) 10x+1 = y (ii) 32 = 27
8 (ii) ex = y (iv) 10−4 = 0.0001
9. Write each of the following in exponential form :
1 1 1
 
(i) log2 64 = 6 (ii) log2 16 = −4 (iii) log3 27 = −3 (iv) log27 3 = 3
 3
x
10. Express the following as a simple logarithm. For example, 3 logb y2 = logb x9 − logb y 6

(i) 2 logb x+4 logb x−3 logb z (ii) 2 logx y+ 12 logx (y−1)−4 logx (2x+5) (iii) 1
2loga x−3 loga x+4 loga y
√
(iv) logb x+logb (y + 3)+logb (y+2)−logb (y 2 + 5y + 6) (v) ln(x2 −y 2 )−ln(x−y) (vi) ln(xz)−ln(x y)+2 ln yz

1
11. Solve each of the following equations:
(i) 22x + 3(2x ) − 4 = 0 (ii) 32x+1 − 26(3x ) = 9 (iii) 4x = 6(2x ) + 16 (iv) e4x + 4e2x − 21 = 0
(v) 4x − 2x+1 = 48 (vi) 22x+1 + 1 = 2x+1 + 2x (vii) 62x+1 − 17(6x ) + 12 = 0
12. Solve each of the following equations:
3 1
(i) log5 x = 2 (ii) log4 m = 2 (iii) logy 3 = 2 (iv) log2 (3x − 4) = 4
(v) ln x = −3 (vi) log2 (x2 + 8) = log2 x + log2 6 (vii) log 7 + log(2x − 3) = log (4x + 5)
8 4 2
(viii) log x = (log x) (ix) log3 (2 − 3x) = log9 (6x − 19x + 2)
13. Solve each of the following equations:
(i) log10 5 + log10 x = 1 (ii) log10 x + log10 (x − 3) = 1 (iii) log10 (x − 4) + log10 (x − 1) = 1
14. Solve each of the following equations:
50
(i) 3x = 5 (ii) 2x−1 = 7 (iii) 52x+1 = 32x−1 (iv) 1.3x = 5 (v) 0.8x−1 = 0.22 (vi) 1+e −x = 4

15. Prove that


log3 7 logy y k
1
(i) log2 7 = log3 2 (ii)] logy y x = xk (iii) log e = ln 10
√ √  √ 
(iv) log4 3 = log2 3 (iv) ln x − x2 − 1 = ln x + x2 − 1
16. Solve the simultaneous equations:
(i) 2 log y = log 2 + log x; 2x = 4 (ii) log (x + y) = 0; 2 log x = log10 (y + 1)
y y
(iii) 2 log2 y = log4 3 + log2 x, 3 = 9 , (x > 0, y > 0)
17 (i) If xy = 64 and logx y + logy x = 52 , find the values of x and y.
(ii) Prove that if ax = by = (ab)xy , then x + y = 1.
18 Find the equation of the function that is graphed in the form f (x) = logb x

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