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Public Policy Course 1 9 21 Lecture

The document outlines the 5 phases of the policy-making process: agenda setting, policy formulation, policy adoption, policy implementation, and policy assessment. It also discusses policy-analytic procedures and forms of policy analysis, as well as the roles and justifications of government intervention in markets through public policy making, regulation, taxation, and provision of public goods and services.

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78 views

Public Policy Course 1 9 21 Lecture

The document outlines the 5 phases of the policy-making process: agenda setting, policy formulation, policy adoption, policy implementation, and policy assessment. It also discusses policy-analytic procedures and forms of policy analysis, as well as the roles and justifications of government intervention in markets through public policy making, regulation, taxation, and provision of public goods and services.

Uploaded by

jie
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Public Policy Analysis

Joel V. Mangahas
Phases of Policy-Making Process
PHASE CHARACTERISTICS

AGENDA SETTING Elected and appointed officials place problems on the public agenda.
Many problems are not acted on at all, while others are addressed
only after long delays.

POLICY FORMULATION Officials formulate alternative policies to deal with a problem.


Alternative policies assume the form of executive orders, court
decisions, and legislative acts.
POLICY ADOPTION A policy alternative is adopted with the support of a legislative
majority, consensus among agency directors, or a court decision.

POLICY IMPLEMENTATION An adopted policy is carried out by administrative units which


mobilize financial and human resources to comply with the policy.

POLICY ASSESSMENT Auditing and accounting units in the government determine whether
executive agencies, legislatures, and courts are in compliance with
statutory requirements of a policy and achieving its objectives.
Policy-Analytic Procedures and
Phases of Policy-Making
Problem-Centered Policy Analysis
Forms of Policy Analysis
Priority of Problem Structuring in
Policy Analysis
Process of Policy Communication
Elements of a Policy System
Why is there a government?

9
Due to Market Failure
❑ The imperfect flow of information
❑ Transaction costs
❑ Nonexistence of markets for some goods
❑ Market power
❑ Externalities
❑ Public goods
❑ Non-provision
❑ Non-rivalry
❑ Non-excludability

10
Set Ideal Conditions for Efficiency
of Competitive Markets
❑ Information in the market must be fully
shared
❑ Exchange goods on the market must be a
costless process
❑ Available market for buying and selling of
commodities
❑ Each participant must take market prices as
given
❑ There must be no externalities

11
Justifying Government Intervention

❑ Equity refers to access to quality goods and


services among all members of the society
❑ Efficiency is promoted in situations where
the market has failed

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How government intervenes

❑ Public policy making


❑ Regulation
❑ Taxation
❑ Fiscal administration
❑ Monetary policy
❑ Provision of public goods and service

13
Role of state in good governance

❑ Creating a conducive economic environment


❑ Protecting the vulnerable
❑ Improving government efficiency and
responsiveness
❑ Empowering people and democratizing the
political system

14
Role of state in good governance

❑ Decentralizing the administrative system


❑ Reducing gaps between rich and poor
❑ Encouraging cultural diversity and social
integration
❑ Protecting the environment

15
Program Sustainability Network
Planning Program Design Implementation Monitoring Evaluation

Participation Accountability Transparency Predictability

Good Governance

Efficiency
Ownership Effectiveness
Cooperation Services Delivery Economical
Responsive

Sustainability (ownership)

16
When does an issue reach agenda
setting?
❑ Has reached crisis proportions.
❑ Has achieved particularity.
❑ Has an emotive aspect or the “human interest
angle” which attracts media attention.
❑ Seems likely to have wide impact.
❑ Raises question about power and legitimacy in
society.
❑ Fashionable in some way that is difficult to
explain but easy to recognize.

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