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This document contains questions and answers about geography and natural topography in Pakistan. It discusses the differences between northern and western mountains in terms of relief, drainage, and economic importance. It also describes common features of highland areas, differences between the Potwar Plateau and Balochistan Plateau, reasons why developing Balochistan could benefit Pakistan, relief and drainage patterns of the Potwar Plateau, how deforestation, poor farming practices, and monsoon rains impact an area, how relief and drainage enabled economic development in the Indus Plains, how desert topography impacts lifestyle, and the natural drainage and low population density of the Indus Delta.

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97 views

3

This document contains questions and answers about geography and natural topography in Pakistan. It discusses the differences between northern and western mountains in terms of relief, drainage, and economic importance. It also describes common features of highland areas, differences between the Potwar Plateau and Balochistan Plateau, reasons why developing Balochistan could benefit Pakistan, relief and drainage patterns of the Potwar Plateau, how deforestation, poor farming practices, and monsoon rains impact an area, how relief and drainage enabled economic development in the Indus Plains, how desert topography impacts lifestyle, and the natural drainage and low population density of the Indus Delta.

Uploaded by

Simran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Geography

Natural Topography
Name: Abdul Aziz , Class: IX- Sci , Date: 12/10/2022

Q1. With reference to relief, drainage and economic importance, explain the
difference between northern mountains and western mountains.
A1.The Northern mountains are on a higher altitude with snow capped peaks. Their
trend is from East to West. Whereas in the Western mountains, the trend is from west
to east following a height of about 3600 - 4760 m.
The Northern Mountains have snow glaciers with rapids and waterfalls along with
perennial rivers that meander between mountains. Alongside this, the Western
Mountains have rivers that are fed by snow in summers same as the Northern
Mountains With rapids and waterfalls.
The Northern Mountains are a contributor to the HEP and are responsible for irrigating
vast areas of Indus Plain. They are also a gateway to China through the KKH and serve
as an industry for raw materials. Whereas, the western Mountains are a difficult region
to survivein duetoarsclimatesanrugged landscape. No trade is possible due to lack of
metalled roads.

Q2. Explain features of topography common to all highland areas.


A2. All highland areas have a rocky surface, cold climate, Scrub Vegetation, and a
varied temperature may exist due to change in altitudes. Almost all highland areas have
rapids or waterfalls as a part of natural drainage

Q3.With reference to relief and drainage explain the difference between Potwar
Plateau and Balochistan Plateau.
A3. The height of Potwar Plateau is about 300-600 m with residual hills and residual
rocks due to erosion. It is a flat undulating land with many alluvial plains, ravines,
gullies, and alluvial soils. The Balochistan Plateau has many faults in the surroundings
with basins and natural boundaries dividing it.
The Potwar Plateau has the Soan RIver flowing through it with its small tributaries
flowing through it. It has inland drainage with small rivers. However, the Balochistan
Plateau has seasonal rivers which drain into the Indus and are fed by rain.

Q4.’ If Balochistan is developed,it can feed the whole of Pakistan.’ Give five
reasons in favour of it.
A4. Balochistan is richest in terms of resources. The proper utilisation of these may
result in establishing it as one of the most developed provinces in the world. Its natural
resources can be used to produce valuable goods for export in foreign states. It also lies
in the transit route of the gas pipeline. The free trade zone of Gawadar is an essential
factor in the industrial mineral unit of Pakistan. The Strait of Hormuz makes it a strategic
location with access to multiple raw materials. The investment in small and medium
sized units may result in complete development of the area itself.

Q5.a)Study Figure A which shows a part of Potwar Plateau.


i) Describe the relief of the area.
ii) Describe the natural drainage of the area.
A5.i) Potwar plateau is located in the south of Islamabad, between river Indus and
Jhelum. Potwar plateau had bad land topography. Steep (sharp) slopes, ravines, gullies
and gorges are formed due to soil erosion; there are series of low hills average height
300 to 600 metres. Residue hills such as Kalachitta and Khairi Murat rise to just over
1000 metres.
ii) There are number of perennial and non perennial rivers in Potwar plateau which
swells up (enlarge) in the rainy season. River Soan is an important river which flows
through potwar plateau north east to south west direction and join river Indus. Rawal
dam has been set up on river Korang near Islamabad. There are number of small salt
lakes in the plateau such as kullar kahar, Uch Chali and Khabeki, which add to scenic
beauty of the area.

Q5.b) How may the following contribute to the features of Area Y on the figure?
i) deforestation
Due to deforestation, there is no proper and prosperous vegetation on the plateau. The
bad land topography also leads to it having only rakh/dry tropical scrub vegetation.

ii) poor farming practices


As there are no alluvial plains/ alluvial deposits in the area, there is no fertile soil and
therefore farming can not be practised in this region.

iii) monsoon rains and thunderstorms


The area receives about 250-750 ml of rain each year therefore it is semi arid and
barani area. The monsoon here is maximum during summers.

Q6.’ The Indus Plains is the most developed physical region of Pakistan.’Explain
how it’s relief and drainage made it possible to carry out a variety of economic
activities.
A6. The Indus River flows through these plains which makes agriculture very much
possible in these areas. This also means that not only the food industry but cotton and
textile industry may prosper due to these plants.

Q7.Explain how the desert topographical features affect the lifestyle of the
people.
A7. The people residing in the desert suffer a lot from the landscape. The high
temperatures of the desert result in a high rate of evaporation and the already scarce
water is not available. Thus the land remains dry and the little water seeps into the
ground. The irregular rainfall results in long periods of drought.

Q8.i) Describe the natural drainage of Indus Delta.


A8.i) Originating high on the Tibetan Plateau, the Indus River flows more than 3,000km
before emptying into the Arabian Sea. It is here where the fan-shaped delta forms an
extensive system of swamps, mudflats, creeks, estuaries, marshes and mangroves
forests.
Q8. ii) Explain why the Indus Delta has a low density of population.
A8. ii) The region of the Indus Delta has very few pure drains and its access to water
disposal is further reduced due to its vicinity to the Indian border. For this reason, the
Indus Delta have low population.

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