OB/HR Exam Pool – Questions and Hints (Ch.

2 & 3)

1. 30 multiple choices questions, which means 0.5 point for each correct answer
2. All exam questions will be selected from the uploaded exam pool (i.e., 30 out of 90)
3. Although we have more questions in the question pool of Chapter 2 and 3 than
Chapter 5, 6, and 7, the exam questions will be equally distributed for all five (5)
chapters (i.e., 6 questions per chapter)
4. You can use the newly updated files. I deleted all old files to avoid confusion. Thus,
any files named “exam” something are all valid (e.g., Chapter 2 and 3 exam
hints.docx)
5. Morning and afternoon sections will have different question sets
6. No communication between morning and afternoon sections on the exam day by the
end of the afternoon exam
7. The current file, (i.e., Chapter 2 and 3 exam hints.docx) covers 60 questions from
Chapter 2 and 3
8. The next file for Chapter 5, 6, and 7 will be uploaded by 4th Nov (Fri)
9. See you next Tuesday (8th of Nov)
10. Any questions and feedback are welcome, but never ask me about the right answers
(e.g., “Is D the correct answer?”)

Organizational Behavior, 19e (Robbins/Judge)

Chapter 2 Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Organizations

1) Differences in _ gender, race, ethnicity, age, and disability _______ indicate surface-level
diversity.

Explanation: Surface-level diversity refers to differences in easily perceived characteristics, such

as gender, race, ethnicity, age, and disability, that do not necessarily reflect the ways people
think or feel but that may activate certain stereotypes.

2) Steven Johnson, the hiring manager for Stow-Kent Industries, recently recruited several
workers to staff the company's new construction factory in Alabama. Because the jobs that were
to be performed involved manual labor, Steven made an effort to hire physically strong
individuals who had the physical stamina to handle the job and the energy to work for long
hours. Steven most likely concentrated in which of the following surface-level characteristics
when selecting the new workers?

Explanation: Steven most likely concentrated on surface-level diversity when selecting the new
workers. Surface-level diversity refers to differences in easily perceived characteristics, such as
gender, race, ethnicity, or age, that do not necessarily reflect the ways people think or feel but
that may activate certain stereotypes.

3) The management at Climate Action Development needs to recruit campaign managers for its
Renewable Energy Project. They are looking for candidates who are assertive, extroverted, and
who can tackle challenges head-on. Which of the following deep-level characteristics should
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OB/HR Exam Pool – Questions and Hints (Ch. 2 & 3)

they focus on to best help them recruit the right candidate for the job?

Explanation: Deep-level diversity comprises differences in values, personality, and work

preferences that become progressively more important for determining similarity as people get to
know one another better.

4) Raylon Inc. is in the process of recruiting a new operations manager. The human resources
team has narrowed the candidate list down to two candidates but cannot come to an agreement
about whom to hire. Though both candidates have the relevant qualifications for the post, one
will soon be 60 years old. The other candidate is in his early thirties. Rachel, a member of the
HR team, recommends hiring the older candidate, citing his years of experience and leadership
ability. Tim, on the other hand, strongly recommends that the company hire the younger
candidate, as he is likely to be more flexible when it comes to working. Which of the following,
if true, most strengthens Rachel's argument?
A) The job requires frequent travel around the company's six factories located across the country.
B) Most of the employees the operations manager will be supervising are under 30 years of age.
C) Research has shown that older workers are more prone to absenteeism for health-related
issues.
D) Almost half of the company's top managers are in the 45-65 age bracket.
E) The company recently instituted a new production system that cuts waste by 30 percent.

Explanation: The hint is that you need to select a situation or argument increasing the value of 60
years old candidate, compared to the rival in his early thirties.

5) Thurman Inc., a manufacturing company in Vermont, needs to hire employees for its new
office in the city. The positions require the employees to travel across the country regularly. The
management has specified that they are looking for employees below the age of 40 who are
young and dynamic. Which of the following beliefs is the management most likely to hold?
A) Younger workers make stronger judgments.
B) Younger workers are more flexible to change.
C) Younger workers have more experience.
D) Younger workers have stronger work ethics.
E) Younger workers are more committed to quality.

Explanation: Think first about the characteristics of this job. Then, you can select a matching
personal characteristic from the multiple choices.

6) Angela Wells recently applied for a job at Spiga, a lounge in Paris. Having worked in several
restaurants and lounges in and across France, she was confident that she would get the job.
However, soon after the interview, she was informed that another candidate was offered the job,
even though the other candidate had limited experience in comparison to her. Angela feels that
she was discriminated against. Which of the following, if true, would best justify Angela's
assumption?

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A) The woman who was selected over her could speak French fluently.
B) Angela is a single mother with two young children.
C) Angela does not have a degree in hospitality management.
D) The lounge caters to elite business clientele in Paris.
E) Angela learned of the position through a friend working at the lounge.

Explanation: Select an option that would make Angela as a social minority.

7) Raylon Inc. needs to hire a new floor supervisor. As the company has recently made an effort
to increase diversity within the organization, the HR team wants to hire a qualified female
candidate for the role instead of adequately qualified male candidates. However, top
management insists that optimal performance is the top priority and that the candidate hired
should be the person best suited for the job. Which of the following, if true, would most
strengthen HR's case for hiring the female candidate?
A) There are nearly as many female employees on the floor as male employees.
B) The company has recently introduced policies that provide greater benefits for working and
single mothers.
C) Most of the top-level managers in the company are female.
D) The company policy stipulates that each employee has to work at least one week per month
on a night shift.
E) Both candidates have the qualifications required to perform up to expectations.

Explanation: In this exam question, as you can read, there are two competing approaches to
select a new person. HR thinks gender diversity should be the priority while the top management
team believes that expected performance should be always the top priority. Then, the question is
what kind of situation can make HR’s approach work better. Select an answer that would
increase the value of recruiting a female candidate rather than a male.

8) Green Planet, an environmental organization, recently opened an office in Indonesia. The

organization is currently looking for employees to staff a deforestation project in the country.
They need to recruit individuals who understand the intricacies of Jakarta's culture and the
mindset of the locals and are fluent in the local language. Which of the following are they most
likely to consider while they recruit for these positions?

Explanation: Select an option that refers to the biological heritage people use to identify
themselves. (nationality, language)

9) Peg Mayor, an employee at Los Alimitos Credit Union, recently filed a lawsuit against the
company, claiming that she was discriminated against. Los Alimitos Credit Union has a policy of
being unbiased toward employees and treating them fairly. Which of the following, if true, best
justifies Peg's action?
A) The company did not give her preferential treatment even though she was from the host
country.

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B) She was asked whether she was over eighteen during the first round in the interview process.
C) Her colleagues expressed their dissatisfaction over their pay and severance packages.
D) She had faced a similar situation of discrimination in her previous company.
E) She was not invited to regular Friday staff lunches with the guys.

Explanation: This question is to test your understanding about possible cases of discrimination.
Select an answer describing a situation of discrimination against Peg Mayor.

10) April's colleague Nathan has consistently pestered her to go out on a date with him. Though
she has refused his offer several times, he keeps persisting. She found an envelope on her desk
from Nathan with inappropriate pictures and cartoons, which left her infuriated. She now intends
to go discuss the matter with the human resource department of her company. Which of the
following forms of discrimination is April most likely to cite?

(Forms of discrimination:
- Discriminatory policies or practices
- Sexual harassment
- Intimidation
- Mockery and insults
- Exclusion
- Incivility)
Explanation: The correct answer is one of…Thus, select one of… if you see this question in the
actual exam.

11) Which of the following refers to a kind of discrimination that refers to overt threats or
bullying directed at members of specific groups of employees?

Explanation: This is a kind of discrimination which refers to overt threats or bullying directed at
members of specific groups of employees.

12) Hazel Samuels has been working at her company for the past two years and consistently gets
yelled at by her manager even when she is not at fault. He often makes derogatory references to
her ethnicity. In addition, during team meetings, she is his target for practical jokes and nasty
pranks. She is extremely upset and decides not to be subjected to such treatment any longer.
Which of the following kinds of discrimination is she most likely to report to the human resource
department in such a situation?
A) Intimidation
B) Sexual harassment
C) Hazing
D) Mobbing (~bullying)
E) Incivility

Explanation: This is a kind of discrimination which refers to overt threats or bullying directed at
members of specific groups of employees.
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13) Jill Ivey has been working as a sales executive at Orbit Bank for the last two years. However,
she has noticed that she is often not given an opportunity to attend training programs that her
team members attend every quarter. She also is disappointed about the fact that she never gets to
handle corporate clients, which provides better chances of a promotion. Which of the following
kinds of discrimination is she most likely to have been subjected to?
A) Exclusion
B) Mockery
C) Gaslighting
D) Destabilization
E) Mobbing

Explanation: N/A

14) The idea that group members may often accept, rationalize, legitimize, or justify their
experiences with inequality, prejudice, and discrimination compared with other groups refers to
system justification theory ________.

- Social categorization
- Social dominance theory
- System justification theory
- Stereotyping
- Stereotype threat
- Stigma
- Intersectionality
- Diversity as a cultural mosaic

Explanation: N/A

15) Jenna Blaxton is in charge of international marketing for a large multinational food
company. Jenna is waiting to meet with a colleague's niece, Britanee Bell, who is looking for
career advice from powerful women in multinational companies. When Britanee arrives, Jenna,
seeing Britanee's mini skirt and heavy makeup, immediately concludes the meeting is a waste of
time. Jenna, accustomed to seeing young women dressed in suits and light makeup at work,
thinks that Britanee's appearance does not indicate someone who is serious about work, but
instead, someone who is more interested in parties. Jenna is engaging in ________.

Explanation: This involves judging someone based on one's perception of the group to which
that person belongs. Stereotyping

16) Which of the following is not true of stereotype threat?

A) It can occur during preemployment tests and assessments.
B) It can occur during evaluations and everyday workplace exchanges.
C) It can lead to poor job attitudes and poor performance in the employees experiencing the
threat.

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D) It is not diminished through increasing awareness of how stereotypes are perpetuated.

E) It can be reduced by adopting transparent practices that signal the value of employees.

Explanation: N/A

17) A team of four management trainees has been assigned to assess a client's financial stability.
All four team members have just completed their MBAs and have about two years of prior work
experience. Two of the team's members graduated near the bottom of their Ivy League schools,
while the other two members were among the top ten from their respective Big Ten institutions.
What best explains a division of the team into the Ivy League managers and the Big Ten
managers?

Explanation: This question will not be in the exam

18) Which of the following is not true of groups and teams?

A) Surface level diversity appears to decrease group conflict.
B) Functional diversity may improve team performance.
C) Functional diversity may improve innovation.
D) Diverse groups may be less likely to fall into conformity.
E) Diverse groups may make fewer factual errors.
Explanation: N/A

19) Anika Bohn is part of the police force in Sweden. In her position, Anika is frequently called
into dangerous situations where she comes face to face with criminals. Anika is confident in her
ability as a member of the force and has a reputation for being fearless in dangerous situations.
Her male colleagues see her as an important member of the force and treat her as an equal in all
situations. Based on this information, which of the following is correct?
A) Sweden ranks high on collectivism in Hofstede's cultural framework.
B) Sweden ranks high on femininity in Hofstede's cultural framework.
C) Sweden ranks low on individualism in Hofstede's cultural framework.
D) Sweden ranks high on power distance in Hofstede's cultural framework.
E) Sweden ranks high on masculinity in Hofstede's cultural framework.

Explanation: Review the slides about Hofstede’s cultural dimensions.

20) American businesswoman Kristen Adams is meeting with her Greek counterpart Alexander
Monopoulos regarding her company's new hotel location near Athens. Alexander wants Kristen
to provide more details regarding the planned opening of the hotel, but with construction behind
schedule, Kristen doesn't have much to share. Alexander is frustrated by the lack of clarity on the
schedule and demands to know how he is expected to work in such an uncertain and ambiguous
situation. Alexander's frustration reflects ________ in Hofstede's cultural framework.
A) Greece's high ranking on uncertainty avoidance (seeks orderliness, structure, and laws to
avoid ambiguity)

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OB/HR Exam Pool – Questions and Hints (Ch. 2 & 3)

B) Greece's high ranking on masculinity

C) the United States low ranking on collectivism
D) the United States' short-term orientation
E) Greece's high ranking on femininity

Explanation: Review the slides about Hofstede’s cultural dimensions.

21) Iyesha Alexander, a recent graduate of the same Ivy League university that her mother and
grandmother went to, is ready for her first real job. Iyesha knows that as a woman, she'll be a
minority in the male dominated industry in which she has chosen to work, but she is confident in
her ability to advocate for what she wants. Iyesha knows that as a strong American woman, she
may encounter some resistance from her counterparts in certain countries, but she is up for the
challenge. Iyesha's attitude reflects ________ in the GLOBE study of culture.
A) the low ranking of the United States on power distance (extent to which a society accepts an
unequal distribution of power)
B) the high ranking of the United States on institutional collectivism (extent to which society
supports collective action and resource distribution)
C) the low ranking of the United States on humane orientation (extent to which society values
caring, friendliness, altruism…)
D) the high ranking of the United States on assertiveness (emphasize confidence and advocating
for what one wants)
E) the low ranking of the United States on performance orientation (values producing results,
excellence, productivity)

Explanation: Review the slides about Hofstede’s cultural dimensions.

22) ________ in the GLOBE framework refers to the extent to which a society values producing
results, excellence, and productivity.

Explanation: This cultural dimension in the GLOBE framework refers to the extent to which a
society values producing results, excellence, and productivity.

23) With reference to the Hofstede's cultural framework, ________ emphasizes a tight social
framework in which people expect others in groups of which they are a part to look after them
and protect them.

Explanation: This cultural dimension emphasizes a tight social framework in which people
expect others in groups of which they are a part to look after them and protect them.

24) According to Hofstede's framework, uncertainty avoidance indicates the degree to which
people in a country prefer structured over unstructured situations.

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Explanation: Review the slides about Hofstede’s cultural dimensions.

25) With reference to the Hofstede's framework, a class or caste system that discourages upward
mobility is more likely to exist in a nation that scores ________.

Explanation: This cultural dimension describes the degree to which people in a country accept
that power in institutions and organizations is distributed unequally. A high rating on this
dimension means that large inequalities of power and wealth exist and are tolerated in the
culture, as in a class or caste system that discourages upward mobility.

26) ________ refers to the degree to which there are clear, passive norms within societies, a clear
understanding of sanctions for violating those norms, and no tolerance for deviating from those
norms.
A) Uncertainty avoidance
B) Cultural tightness-looseness
C) Power distance
D) Humane orientation
E) Performance orientation

Explanation: N/A

27) Which is not associated with cultural intelligence?

A) Career aspirations
B) Cross-cultural leadership
C) Negotiation performance
D) Job performance
E) Physical health

Explanation: Cultural intelligence refers to a worker's ability to effectively function in culturally

diverse settings and situations. It has been found to be associated with expatriate career
aspirations and adjustment, job performance, psychological health and well-being, cross-cultural
leadership, negotiation performance, and OC.

28) An organization that is striving to provide access to the same opportunities for all workers,
recognizing that some people are afforded privileges and advantages while others are confronted
with barriers and obstacles is focused on ________.
A) diversity
B) equity
C) legitimacy
D) inclusion
E) social responsibility

Explanation: N/A

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OB/HR Exam Pool – Questions and Hints (Ch. 2 & 3)

29) According to the common ingroup identity model ________.

A) bias can be reduced, and inclusion can be fostered by transforming workers' focus on what
divides them to what unites them
B) stamina focus on what unites rather than what divides has little effect on implicit bias
C) using a focus on what unites rather than what divides stifles group creativity
D) the more often people from diverse backgrounds interact with one another, the more prejudice
will increase over time
E) the more often people from diverse backgrounds interact with one another, the more
discrimination will increase

Explanation: N/A

common ingroup identity model: transform workers’ focus on what divide them => to what unite
them, change “us” “them” to “we”

30) Creating an environment in which all people feel valued, welcome, and included refers to
________.
A) equity
B) inclusion
C) common in-group identity
D) diversity management
E) affirmation

Explanation: N/A

Organizational Behavior, 19e (Robbins/Judge)

Chapter 3 Job Attitudes

1) The statement, "A person who eats meat and then fights for animal rights demonstrates double
standards" is an evaluative statement. Such an opinion constitutes the ________ component of an
attitude.
A) cognitive
B) affective
C) reflective
D) behavioral
E) reactive

Explanation: N/A

2) Which of the following statements represents the cognitive component of attitude?

A) I have decided to inform my supervisor that I will be quitting my job.
B) I intend to work during the weekend to meet the month's deadline.
C) I feel upset about having to work during Christmas.
D) It is disappointing to know that I did not get a good evaluation.
E) This job is not giving me an opportunity to explore my skills.

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OB/HR Exam Pool – Questions and Hints (Ch. 2 & 3)

Explanation: The cognitive component of an attitude is a description of, or belief in the way
things are.

Cognitive = evaluation (observation of events)

Affective = feeling (hate/like/prefer)
Behavioral = action (do something)

3) Abigail Jones is a sales executive at Orbit Bank in Brussels. She is the best performer on her
team and often gets the highest number of corporate accounts for the company. However, she
feels that she does not get sufficient credit for her hard work. During lunch, she says to her
colleague, "I have been getting the largest accounts for the bank for the past eight months. Yet,
my manager never acknowledges the kind of effort I put in to get these accounts." Which
component of attitude is being demonstrated by Jones?
A) Positive component
B) Cognitive component
C) Affective component
D) Behavioral component
E) Reflective component

Explanation: N/A

4) Which of the following is an example of the affective component of an attitude?

A) Believing that one achieved all objectives of a project
B) Relying on the information of a company's annual report
C) Perceiving whistleblowing as the right thing to do
D) Feeling hurt at being unfairly accused of a wrongdoing
E) Deciding to fire an employee because of underperformance

Explanation: N/A

5) Sarah Mayer works as a security officer and is in charge of keeping track of who is in the
office at any given time. She notices that some employees do not sign out of the office when they
go out for meals, which makes it difficult to keep track of attendance of employees. Even though
Mayer has repeatedly asked the employees to sign out, they have not followed her advice. She
now decides to report the issue to her supervisor. Which of the following components of an
attitude is being demonstrated by Mayer?

Explanation: This component of an attitude is an intention to behave in a certain way toward

someone or something. Mayer's intention to report the issue to her supervisor represents the this
component of her attitude.

6) ___Cognitive dissonance _____ refers to any incompatibility between two or more attitudes or
between behavior and attitudes.

Explanation: N/A
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7) Joseph Pierce is the managing director of Drake Coal Power Plant in North Yorkshire. He
knows that coal is a major contributor to climate change and has made his research team study
impacts of coal on the environment. After knowing the facts, he faces a high degree of
dissonance between his values and behavior. Which of the following is the most likely to do to
reduce the dissonance between his belief and behavior?
A) Get government sanction to build and develop more power plants across the country
B) Increase revenue by building power plants in developing and underdeveloped countries
C) Reassure the public that there is no correlation between environment and coal production
D) Hire more employees to fill positions in new power plant stations
E) Provide locals benefits to substantiate for the effects of coal power stations

Explanation: N/A

8) Research generally supports the idea that ________ predict(s) ________.

A) behavior; attitudes
B) emotions; attitude
C) attitudes; future behavior
D) thought processes; moods
E) conduct; feelings

Explanation: N/A

9) Sandy Gilmore, a sales manager at a software company in Seattle has noticed over the past
few months that one member of her team, Kelly Nolan, is showing real potential as a future
project leader. Sandy thinks Kelly might be just the person to lead the next sales pitch to an
important client, however she has heard through the office grapevine that Kelly may be looking
for a new job. Which of the following questions would be most helpful to Sandy in
understanding Kelly's intentions toward the next sales pitch? However, Anderson heard from the
grapevine that Kenneth may be quitting the job. She now needs to know whether she has the
intention to lead the campaign in the next few months, which are crucial months for the
campaign. Which of the following questions would best help Anderson understand Kenneth's
intention toward the project?
A) How do you like your job on the whole?
B) Do you like the work culture in the organization?
C) Do you see yourself working with us in the next six months?
D) Are you motivated enough to achieve all project milestones?
E) Are you happy with your overall job performance?

Explanation: Specific attitudes tend to predict specific behaviors, whereas general attitudes tend
to best predict general behaviors.

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10) With reference to cognitive dissonance, in which of the following situations is the attitude-
behavior relationship most likely to be strong?

Explanation: The attitude-behavior relationship is likely to be much stronger if an attitude refers

to something with which a person has direct personal experience.

11) A positive feeling about one's job resulting from an evaluation of its characteristics is known
as ________.

Explanation: N/A

12) Jane's high job involvement is best represented by which of the following actions?
A) Jane always complains about her work to her colleagues.
B) Jane actively takes part in team activities and proactively takes up additional job
responsibilities.
C) Jane shares the organization's vision of supporting renewable energy.
D) Jane dislikes the unethical practices followed by her employer.
E) Jane wants to continue working for the organization because many of her college friends are

Explanation: Job involvement measures the degree to which people identify psychologically
with their job and consider their perceived performance level important to self-worth.

13) Employees' beliefs in the degree to which they influence their work environment, their
competence, the meaningfulness of their jobs, and their perceived autonomy is termed as
________.

Explanation: N/A

14) ________ refers to the degree to which a person identifies with his or her job, actively
participates in it, and considers his or her performance as being important to self-worth.
Explanation: N/A

15) Lorenzo Martinez has led three of his company's biggest deals over the last year. Lorenzo is
proud of his work because the company had been chasing two of the clients for more than 18
months. Lorenzo expected to be recognized for his efforts at his company's year-end banquet and
was disappointed that his name wasn't even among those on the Honorable Mentions list. Now,
Lorenzo is feeling frustrated and resentful. He knows that with his bonus, he makes good money
and has decent benefits, but the lack of recognition for his hard work is becoming a real problem
for him. How can Lorenzo's job attitude best be described?
A) Low job involvement
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B) Low job satisfaction

C) High psychological empowerment
D) High positivity offset
E) Low emotional contagion

Explanation: N/A

16) Ben has been working as a process executive at an accounting firm for the past two years. A
hard worker, his work is of good quality, and he often puts in extra hours at the office to ensure
his schedules are on track. Noticing his efforts, the management offers him a 20 percent hike.
Two months later, Ben submits his resignation and soon joins a startup organization, at a senior
position. Which of the following best explains this situation?
A) Ben felt the hike was unwarranted.
B) Ben, though highly skilled, lacked ambition.
C) Ben was motivated by the prospect of extrinsic rewards.
D) Ben found his work to be routine and monotonous.
E) Ben was gunning for a position at the competing firm all along.

Explanation: N/A

17) Which of the following best describes organizational commitment?

A) The degree to which employees identify with the organization they work for and its goals
B) The state of discord caused by opposition of values between people working together
C) The degree to which an employee's sense of cognitive dissonance is related to his/her job
D) The employee's degree of disagreement or differential opinions about organizational practices
E) The degree to which employees believe their work impacts their organization significantly

Explanation: N/A

18) The degree to which employees believe the organization values their contribution and cares
about their well-being is known as ________.

Explanation: N/A

19) If an organization wants to understand the degree of perceived organizational support among
employees, which question should it ask?

Are you satisfied with rewards/boss?

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Explanation: Perceived organizational support (POS) is the degree to which employees believe
the organization values their contribution and cares about their well-being. POS high = fair
rewards, supportive boss, POS important where power distance is lower

20) As a war zone journalist, Harry von der Hoeven often works for weeks at a time without a
day off. Harry finds his job to be stimulating and doesn't mind the long work hours because he
knows that his employer will allow him to take a month or two off to recoup following an
assignment. Which of the following best represents Harry's feeling?
A) Low employee engagement
B) High perceived organizational support
C) Low organizational commitment
D) Low job involvement
E) High interest in whistleblowing

Explanation: N/A

21) Which of the following is most likely to be a characteristic of disengaged employees?

A) They feel a deep connection for their organization.
B) They have a sense of passion for their work.
C) They have the lowest levels of turnover.
D) They put in time but give no attention to their work.
E) They proactively take up responsibilities.

Explanation: Employee engagement refers to the degree of enthusiasm an employee feels for the
job.

22) Marcus Green has been asked to put together a survey for his company's employees asking
about their engagement levels in the organization. Which question should Marcus be sure to
include in his survey?
A) Do you believe in the organization's five-year plan?
B) Do you believe the organization is concerned about your well-being?
C) Do you enjoy your everyday tasks and achieving project milestones?
D) Do you feel the organization values your work?
E) Do you agree with the organization's stand on sustainable work practices?

Explanation: Employee engagement refers to an individual's involvement with, satisfaction with,

and enthusiasm for the work he or she does.

23) Which of the following statements is most likely to be true about the major job attitudes? =>
are highly related, sometimes distinct, overlap, therefore confusing
A) They are highly distinct from one another.
B) They are generally resistant to change.
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C) They tend to overlap one another.

D) They are not correlated to one another.
E) They increase cognitive dissonance.

Explanation: N/A

24) Which of the following has been shown to typically provide the lowest level of satisfaction?
A) Work itself
B) Pay
C) Promotion
D) Supervision (highest)
E) Coworkers

Explanation: N/A

25) Laura Choi recently started her first job out of college. In her new position, Laura is a junior
member of a consulting team assigned to work with companies to develop their social media
presence. As a new member of the team, Laura has been tasked with some of the more menial
aspects of the job but is looking forward to taking on a bigger role in the future. During her first
few weeks on the job, Laura has demonstrated positive core self-evaluations. Which of the
following did she most likely do?
A) Mentioned that she was confident about her basic competence
B) Expressed dissatisfaction with the nature of work
C) Set less ambiguous goals and objectives
D) Gave up easily on tasks when faced with difficulties
E) Did not consider her work as challenging and fulfilling

Explanation: People who have positive core self-evaluations are those who believe in their inner
worth and basic competence and are more satisfied with their jobs than those with negative core
self-evaluations.

26) Which of the following is moderately and positively correlated with organizational
citizenship behavior?
A) Emotional contagion
B) Job satisfaction
C) Absenteeism
D) Turnover rate
E) Cognitive dissonance

Explanation: N/A

27) Substance abuse, stealing at work, endless scrolling on social media while on the clock,
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OB/HR Exam Pool – Questions and Hints (Ch. 2 & 3)

tardiness, gossip, and absenteeism are all examples of ________.

Explanation: N/A

28) ________ can be understood using the exit-voice-loyalty-neglect framework.

Explanation: N/A

29) Which response includes actively and constructively attempting to improve conditions,
including suggesting improvements, discussing problems with superiors, and undertaking some
forms of union activity?

Explanation: This includes actively and constructively attempting to improve conditions,

including suggesting improvements, discussing problems with superiors, and undertaking some
forms of union activity.

30) Joe Dailey is unhappy with his job because he has not received the promotion due to him
several years ago. However, in spite of this, he speaks up to support his company's actions even
when the local newspaper is criticizing them. Which of the following types of response
represents his behavior?

Explanation: According to the exit-voice-loyalty-neglect framework, this response means

passively but optimistically waiting for conditions to improve.

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