ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATION

In accordance with EN 15804 and ISO 14025

WEBERCOL FIX
Date of issue: 2019-10-21
Validity: 5 years
Valid until: 2024-10-03
Scope of the EPD: United Arab Emirates

Registration number
The International EPD® System:

S-P-01692
General information
Manufacturer: Sodamco Emirates Factory For Building Materials L.L.C. P.O. Box 96082 Abu Dhabi
UAE (Weber Saint-Gobain).

Programme used: The International EPD® System. More information at www.environdec.com

PCR identification: The International EPD® System PCR 2012:01 Construction products and
construction services version 2.3.

UN CPC Code: 37510 Non-refractory mortars and concretes

Owner of the declaration: Sodamco Emirates Factory For Building Materials

Product / product family name and manufacturer represented: This EPD describes the
environmental impacts of 1kg of cement-based tile adhesive – webercol fix manufactured at Sodamco
site
®
EPD prepared by: Mohamad Derbas (Sodamco Weber Saint-Gobain), Patricia Jiménez Diaz (Saint-
Gobain LCA central team).

Contact: Mohamad Derbas, [email protected]

Declaration issued: 2019-10-21, valid until: 2024-10-03

Demonstration of verification: an independent verification of the declaration was made, according to

ISO 14025:2010. This verification was external and conducted by a third party, based on the PCR
mentioned above (see information below).

CEN standard EN 15804 served as the core PCR

International EPD System. Operated by EPD®
EPD Program operator
International AB http://www.environdec.com/

The Technical Committee of the International EPD®

System. Chair:
PCR review conducted by
Massimo Marino.
Contact via [email protected]
Independent verification of
the declaration and data, Internal տ External ց
according to ISO 14025
Marcel Gomez
Marcel Gómez Consultoria Ambiental
Third party verifier (www.marcelgomez.com)
Tlf 0034 630 64 35 93
Email: [email protected]
Accredited or approved by The International EPD System

1
Product description
Product description and description of use:
webercol fix is a ready-mix cement-based tile adhesive for internal use.
webercol fix is polymer modified and water resistant with a strong bonding effect.
webercol fix can fix a wide range of ceramic tiles. It can be used to tile directly onto the following
substrates:
 Concrete

 Stone walls (cleaned and prepared)

 Cementitious plaster and renders
webercol fix can be used for tiling in bathrooms, regular rooms, kitchens and stairs.

Technical data/physical characteristics

VOC and formaldehyde content 2.5 g/LT ISO/FDIS 11890-2/GC-MS

5 minutes >0.5 (test for EN

Open Time by Tensile Adhesion acc. (N/mm²) (EN 12004:2007)
12004:2007)

Tensile Adhesion Strength (N/mm2) >0.6 (test for EN 12004:2007) (EN 12004:2007)

7 days standard conditions ->

Shear strength (N/mm²) F-5.3.2 & F-5.3.3
0.7
25 kg webercol fix mixed with 1 liter weberad 225 MB + 4 ANSI 118.4 F-5.3.2 & F-5.3.3
28 days standard conditions ->
liters clean water
1.6

Description of the main product components and/or materials:

All raw materials contributing more than 5% to any environmental impact are listed in the following
table.

Component
Component Category Amount (%)
specification
Binder OPC type I 10-30%
Filler Dune/Red sand 60-80%

PARAMETER VALUE (expressed per declared unit)

Quantity of mortar 1 kg
Packaging for the transportation and distribution Polyethylene film: 0.33 g/kg
Paper bag: 8 g/kg
Pallet: 10 g/kg
Product used for the installation Energy: 0.0079 MJ/kg
Water: 0.2 l/kg

During the life cycle of the product any hazardous substance listed in the “Candidate List of
Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC) for authorization” has been used in a percentage higher
than 0.1% of the weight of the product.
The verifier and the program operator do not make any claim nor have any responsibility of the legality
of the product.

2
LCA calculation information

DECLARED UNIT 1 kg of webercol fix

SYSTEM BOUNDARIES Cradle to gate with options

REFERENCE SERVICE LIFE (RSL) 50 years
Life Cycle Inventory data for a minimum of 99% of total inflows to
the upstream and core module shall be included and at least 95%
at the module level.
CUT-OFF RULES Flows related to human activities such as employee transport are
excluded.
The construction of plants, production of machines and
transportation systems are excluded
Based on mass repartition
ALLOCATIONS
The polluter pays and modularity principles have been followed.
Data included is collected from one production site in ICAD3,
SODAMCO EMIRATES and United Arab Emirates (UAE)
GEOGRAPHICAL COVERAGE
Production year from 2018
AND TIME PERIOD
Background data: Ecoinvent (from 2015 to 2018) and GaBi (from
2013 to 2018)
PRODUCT CPC CODE 37510 Non-refractory mortars and concretes

According to EN 15804, EPD of construction products may not be comparable if they do not comply
with this standard. According to ISO 21930, Environmental Product Declarations within the same
product category from different programs may not be comparable.

Life cycle stages

Flow diagram of the Life Cycle

Figure 1: Life Cycle illustration of a product for construction

4
 1
Figure 2: Cradle to gate with option analysis taking into account all stages of the Life Cycle product

Product stage, A1 - A3
Description of the stage:
The product stage of the Weber products is subdivided into 3 modules A1, A2 and A3 respectively
“Raw material supply”, “transport” and “manufacturing”.
The aggregation of the modules A1, A2 and A3 is a possibility considered by the EN 15 804 standard.
This rule is applied in this EPD.
Raw material supply – A1
This part takes into account the extraction and processing of all raw materials and energy which
occurs upstream to the studied manufacturing process.
Specifically, the raw material supply covers sourcing (quarry) and production of all binder components
and additives (e.g. sand, cement, rheology agent and others).
Transport to manufacturer – A2
The raw materials are transported to the manufacturing site. In this case, the modelling includes road
and boat transportations (average values) of each raw material.
Manufacture – A3
This module includes manufacturing of products but also besides on-site activities such as drying,
storing, mixing, packing and internal transportation.
The manufacturing process also collect data on the combustion of refinery products, such as diesel
and gasoline, related to the production process.
Use of electricity, fuels and auxiliary materials in the production is taken into account too. The
environmental profile of these energy carriers is modeled for local conditions.
Packaging-related flows in the production process and all up-stream packaging are included in the
manufacturing module, i.e. wooden pallets, paper sack and LDPE film.
Apart from production of packaging material, the supply and transport of packaging material are also
considered in the LCA model. They are reported and allocated to the module where the packaging is
applied. Data on packaging waste created during this step are then generated.
It is assumed that packaging waste generated in the course of production and up-stream processes is
100% collected and either recycled or incinerated with energy recovery.

1
Included Transport
5
Manufacturing process flow diagram: Basic scheme of a Mortar Production line

Raw Inputs:
Material Energy
Silo Raw Materials

Raw Material
Silo

Mixer

Hopper

Outputs:
Finished goods
Packaging Waste
Emissions

Construction process stage, A4 - A5

Description of the stage:
Transport – A4
This module includes transport from the production gate to the building site.
Transport is calculated on the basis of a scenario with the parameters described in the following table.
Transport to the building site:

PARAMETER VALUE (expressed per declared unit)

Fuel type and consumption of vehicle or vehicle

49,5l per truck per 100km with payload 48t per 100 km
type used for transport e.g. long distance truck,
and forward real load 40t
boat, etc.
Distance 110 km
91% capacity utilization in mass including 1 % of
Capacity utilisation (including empty returns)
empty returns in mass
Bulk density of transported products 1.55 kg/lit ± 0.05
Volume capacity utilisation factor 1 (by default)

6
Construction installation process – A5
For the implementation of the product, mixer pump equipment is generally used for high volume
purposes. Smaller volumes are mixed and applied according to local circumstances. A pump is
generally used. The energy to run different equipment has been accounted for in relation to the
product type and different uses.
During installation and construction, 5 % of the material amount is estimated to be wasted through
excess preparation and cleaning processes. The losses are considered as landfilled. Within module
A5, site-related packaging waste processing is included in the LCA.
End-of-life of packaging materials is reported and allocated to the module where it arises.
As no factual data on waste treatment of packaging materials and leftovers of installation products
from construction sites are available, they are considered 100 % collected and recycled. Wooden
pallets are considered recycled in established systems.

Installation in the building:

PARAMETER VALUE (expressed per declared unit)

secondary materials for installation

none
(specified by materials)
Water use 0.2 liters/kg
Other resource use none
Quantitative description of energy type (regional
mix) and consumption during the installation 0.0079 MJ/kg (UAE mix)
process
Wastage of materials on the building site before
waste processing, generated by the product’s 0.05 kg (5%)
installation (specified by type)
Output materials (specified by type) as results of
Polyethylene film: 0.33 g/kg
waste processing at the building site e.g. of
Paper bag: 8 g/kg
collection for recycling, for energy recovering,
Pallet: 10 g/kg
disposal
Packaging and pallets are sent to recycled
(specified by route)
Direct emissions to ambient air, soil and water none

Use stage (excluding potential savings), B1 - B7

Description of the stage:
The use stage is divided into the following modules:
Use – B1
Maintenance – B2
Repair – B3
Replacement – B4
Refurbishment – B5
Operational energy and water use – B6 and B7
Once installation is complete, no actions or technical operations are required during the use stages
until the end of life stage. The product does not require any energy, water or material input to keep it in
working order. Furthermore, it is not exposed to the indoor atmosphere of the building, nor is it in
contact with the circulating water or the ground.

7
The product covered by this EPD does not require any maintenance as it is aimed for webercol fix. In
addition, due to the product durability; maintenance, repair, replacement or restoration are irrelevant in
the specified applications. Declared product performances therefore assume a working life that equals
the building’s lifetime. For this reason, no environmental loads are attributed to any of the modules
between B1 and B5.

End-of-life stage C1 - C4
Description of the stage:
Landfill is considered to be the worst scenario.
The end-of-life stage is divided into the following modules:
Deconstruction – C1
The de-construction and/or dismantling of the product take part of the demolition of the entire building.
In our case, the environmental impact is assumed to be very small and can be neglected.
Transport to waste processing – C2
The model use for the transportation is applied (cf. table below).
Waste processing – C3
The product is considered to be landfilled without reuse, recovery or recycling. It is classified as ‘non-
hazardous waste’ in the European list of waste products.
Disposal –C4
The impact of landfill is taken into account according to available data.

Additional technical information of End-of-life:

VALUE (expressed per declared unit) /
PARAMETER
DESCRIPTION
Collection process specified by type 1 kg collected with mixed construction waste.
Recovery system specified by type 0% of waste
Disposal specified by type 100 % (1 kg) product to municipal landfill
Assumptions for scenario development (e.g. Average truck trailer with 27t payload, diesel
transportation) consumption 38L/100km ; 50km distance to landfill

Reuse/recovery/recycling potential, D
Post-consumer recycling scenarios are not considered within this EPD.

8
 LCA results
Description of the system boundary, X = Included in LCA, MND = Module Not Declared
CML 2001 has been used as the impact model. Specific data has been supplied by the plant, and
generic data come from GABI and Ecoinvent databases.
All emissions to air, water, and soil, and all materials and energy used have been included.
Resume of the LCA data results are detailed on the following tables and they refer to a declared unit
of 1kg of webercol fix.
BENEFITS
AND
LOADS
PRODUCT CONSTRUCTIO END OF LIFE BEYOND
USE STAGE
STAGE N STAGE STAGE THE
SYSTEM
BOUNDAR
Y

De-construction demolition
Construction-Installation

Operational energy use

Operational water use

Raw material supply

Waste processing

Reuse-recovery
Refurbishment
Manufacturing

Replacement
Maintenance
Transport

Transport

Transport

Disposal
process

Repair
Use

A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 C1 C2 C3 C4 D
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X MND

9
 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
Product Construction
Use stage End-of-life stage
stage process stage

D Reuse, recovery,
recycling
Deconstruction
B6 Operational

B7 Operational
Refurbishment
A5 Installation
A4 Transport

C2 Transport
Replacement
Maintenance

C4 Disposal
/ demolition
A1 / A2 / A3

processing
energy use
Parameters

B3 Repair

water use

C3 Waste
B1 Use

B2

B4

B5

C1
2,22E-01 2,99E-03 1,44E-02 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4,39E-03 2,39E-03 0 1,56E-02 NMD
Global Warming Potential
(GWP) - kg CO2equiv/FU The global warming potential of a gas refers to the total contribution to global warming resulting from the emission
of one unit of that gas relative to one unit of the reference gas, carbon dioxide, which is assigned a value of 1.

1,01E-08 4,55E-19 4,81E-09 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,98E-19 5,93E-19 0 8,73E-17 NMD

Ozone Depletion (ODP)
kg CFC 11 equiv/FU Destruction of the stratospheric ozone layer which shields the earth from ultraviolet radiation harmful to life.
This destruction of ozone is caused by the breakdown of certain chlorine and/or bromine containing compounds (chlorofluorocarbons or halons),
which break down when they reach the stratosphere and then catalytically destroy ozone molecules.

5,69E-04 3,92E-06 4,34E-05 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,54E-05 9,69E-06 0 8,92E-05 NMD

Acidification potential (AP)
kg SO2equiv/FU Acid depositions have negative impacts on natural ecosystems and the man-made environment incl, buildings.
The main sources for emissions of acidifying substances are agriculture and fossil fuel combustion used for electricity production, heating and transport.

Eutrophication potential (EP) 2,51E-04 8,19E-07 1,49E-05 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8,97E-07 2,46E-06 0 1,01E-05 NMD
kg (PO4)3-equiv/FU
Excessive enrichment of waters and continental surfaces with nutrients, and the associated adverse biological effects.

Photochemical ozone 1,14E-06 3,08E-07 4,22E-06 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,04E-06 3,96E-07 0 7,35E-06 NMD

creation (POPC)
Etheneequiv/FU Chemical reactions brought about by the light energy of the sun.
The reaction of nitrogen oxides with hydrocarbons in the presence of sunlight to form ozone is an example of a photochemical reaction.

Abiotic depletion potential for

non-fossil ressources (ADP- 6,33E-08 3,96E-11 4,65E-09 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,09E-10 2,07E-10 0 5,32E-09 NMD
elements) - kg Sbequiv/FU

Abiotic depletion potential for

1,58E+00 4,15E-02 1,32E-01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,47E-02 3,23E-02 0 2,08E-01 NMD
fossil ressources (ADP-fossil
fuels) - MJ/FU Consumption of non-renewable resources, thereby lowering their availability for future generations.

10
 RESOURCE USE
Product Construction
Use stage End-of-life stage
stage process stage

D Reuse, recovery,
recycling
B6 Operational

B7 Operational
Refurbishment
A5 Installation

Deconstructio
n / demolition
A4 Transport

C2 Transport
Replacement
Maintenance

C4 Disposal
A1 / A2 / A3

processing
energy use
Parameters

B3 Repair

water use

C3 Waste
B1 Use

B2

B4

B5

C1
Use of renewable primary
energy excluding renewable
4,57E-01 9,5E-04 3,3E-02 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,8E-04 1,9E-03 0 2,7E-02 NMD
primary energy resources used
as raw materials - MJ/FU
Use of renewable primary
energy used as raw materials 1,53E-01 0 7,3E-03 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NMD
MJ/FU
Total use of renewable primary energy
resources (primary energy and primary
7,63E-01 9,5E-04 4,0E-02 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,8E-04 1,9E-03 0 2,7E-02 NMD
energy resources used as raw
materials) MJ/FU
Use of non-renewable primary
energy excluding non-
1,66E+00 4,2E-02 1,4E-01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,5E-02 3,3E-02 0 2,2E-01 NMD
renewable primary energy
resources used as raw
materials - MJ/FU
Use of non-renewable primary
energy used as raw materials 3,51E-02 0 1,7E-03 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NMD
MJ/FU

Total use of non-renewable primary

energy resources (primary energy and
1,70E+00 4,2E-02 1,4E-01 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,5E-02 3,3E-02 0 2,2E-01 NMD
primary energy resources used as raw
materials) - MJ/FU

Use of secondary material

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NMD
kg/FU

Use of renewable secondary

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NMD
fuels- MJ/FU

Use of non-renewable
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NMD
secondary fuels - MJ/FU

Use of net fresh water - m3/FU 9,55E-04 3,2E-07 5,8E-05 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,3E-07 3,3E-06 0 5,4E-05 NMD

11
 WASTE CATEGORIES
Product Construction
Use stage End-of-life stage
stage process stage

D Reuse, recovery,
recycling
B6 Operational

B7 Operational
Refurbishment
A5 Installation

Deconstructio
n / demolition
A4 Transport

C2 Transport
Replacement
Maintenance

C4 Disposal
A1 / A2 / A3

processing
energy use
Parameters

B3 Repair

water use

C3 Waste
B1 Use

B2

B4

B5

C1
Hazardous waste disposed
5,05E-09 1,49E-10 5,26E-10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6,76E-12 1,80E-09 0 3,68E-09 NMD
kg/FU

Non-hazardous (excluding inert)

waste disposed 1,78E-04 5,04E-07 5,01E-02 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8,07E-06 2,73E-06 0 1,00E+00 NMD
kg/FU

Radioactive waste disposed

3,35E-05 4,85E-08 1,82E-06 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6,76E-08 6,65E-08 0 2,86E-06 NMD
kg/FU

12
 OUTPUT FLOWS
Product Construction
Use stage End-of-life stage
stage process stage

D Reuse, recovery,
recycling
B6 Operational

B7 Operational
Refurbishment
A5 Installation

Deconstructio
n / demolition
A4 Transport

C2 Transport
Replacement
Maintenance

C4 Disposal
A1 / A2 / A3

processing
energy use
Parameters

B3 Repair

water use

C3 Waste
B1 Use

B2

B4

B5

C1
Components for re-use
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NMD
kg/FU

Materials for recycling

9,32E-03 0 1,88E-02 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NMD
kg/FU

Materials for energy recovery

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NMD
kg/FU

Exported energy, detailed by

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NMD
energy carrier MJ/FU

13
Environmental parameters description
Environmental impacts
Global warming potential
The global warming potential of a gas refers to the total contribution to global warming
resulting from the emission of one unit of that gas relative to one unit of the reference gas CO2, which
is assigned a value of 1. For example, if CH4 (methane) has a global warming potential of 21, it means
that 1kg of methane has the same impact on climate change as 21kg of CO 2 and thus 1kg of CH4
would count as 21kg of CO2 equivalent.
Ozone Depletion
Ozone depletion is the destruction of the stratospheric ozone layer which shields the earth
from UV radiation harmful to life.
Acidification potential
Acid depositions have negative impacts on natural ecosystems and the man-m ade
environment, incl. buildings. The main sources for emissions of acidifying substances are agriculture
and fossil fuel combustion used for electricity production, heating and transport.
Eutrophication potential
It corresponds to an excessive enrichment of waters and continental surfaces with nutrients,
and the associated adverse biological effects.
Photochemical ozone creation
Chemical reactions brought about by the light energy of the sun. The reaction of nitrogen
oxides with hydrocarbons in the presence of sunlight to form ozone is an example of a photochemical
reaction. It corresponds to the pollution of the air at ground level.
Abiotic depletion potential for fossil and non-fossil resources
The abiotic depletion potential is the consumption of non-renewable resources, thereby
lowering their availability for future generations.

Resource Use
Use of primary energy resources

Renewable energy is energy from non- Non-Renewable energy is energy from

fossil sources (wind, solar, geothermal, sources which are not defined as
etc. renewable energy sources.
Renewable resource is a resource that is Non-renewable resource is resource that
grown, naturally replenished or naturally exists in a finite amount that cannot be
cleansed, on a human time scale. replenished on a human scale.

Use of secondary material

Secondary material is material recovered from previous use or from waste which substitutes
primary materials. Materials recovered from previous use of from waste from one product system and
used as an input in another product system are secondary materials (recycled scrap metal, recycled
plastic, recycled wood chips, etc.)
Use of secondary fuels
Secondary fuel is fuel recovered from previous use or from waste which substitutes primary
fuels. Any combustible material recovered from previous use or from waste from the previous product

14
system and used as a fuel in a following system is a secondary fuel (e.g. solvents, used tyres, used
oil, etc.)
Use of net fresh water
Fresh water is naturally occurring water on the Earth’s surface (ice, lakes, rivers,
groundwater, etc.) It is generally characterized by having low concentrations of dissolved salts; the
term specifically excludes seawater and brackish water.

Waste categories
Hazardous waste disposed
This kind of waste poses substantial or potential threats to public health or the environment
Non-hazardous waste disposed
This kind of waste is a waste that can burn, produce chemical, physical or biological reaction
but without being hazardous or toxic for human health (e.g. PE, PVC, PS, metals, non-treated wood,
construction waste mixed with non-mineral waste without any hazardous substance inside, etc.).
Radioactive waste disposed
These kinds of wastes contain radioactive material. Radioactive wastes are usually by-
products or nuclear power generation and other applications of nuclear fission or nuclear technology,
such research and medicine. Radioactive waste is hazardous to most forms of life and the
environment, and is regulated by government in order to protect human health and the environment.

Output flows
Components for re-use
To re-use is to use again after it has been used: this includes conventional reuse where the
item is used again for the same function and new-life reuse where it is used for a different function.
Material for recycling
In contrast with re-use, recycling is the breaking down of the used item into raw materials
which are used to make new items.
Materials for energy recovery
It includes any technique or method of minimizing the input of energy to an overall system by
the exchange of energy from one sub-system to another.
Exported energy
It relates to energy exported from waste incineration and landfill

15
LCA results interpretation
The following figure refers to a declared unit of 1kg of webercol fix.
Product Transport Installation Use End-of-life
(A1-A3) (A4) (A5) (B) (C)
Total
Environmental
impacts of the
product

Global warming 0,30

0,22
kg CO 2 equiv/FU

0,20
0,26
0,10
0,00 0,01 0,00
0,02 kg CO2equiv/FU
0,00
Non-renewable resources 2,00
1,58
consumption [1] 1,50
1,00 2,05
0,50 0,30
MJ/FU

0,04 0,13
0,00 MJ/FU
0,00
Energy consumption [2] 3,00 2,46

2,00

1,00
3,02
0,33
MJ/FU

0,04 0,18 0,00 MJ/FU

0,00
Water consumption [3] 0,00
0,0010
0,00
0,00
0,00
m3 /FU

0,0000 0,0001 0,0000 0,0001 m3/FU

0,00
Waste production [4] 1,50
1,00

1,05
1,00

0,50
kg/FU

0,05 kg/FU
0,00 0,00 0,00
0,00

[1] This indicator corresponds to the abiotic depletion potential of fossil resources.
[2] This indicator corresponds to the total use of primary energy.
[3] This indicator corresponds to the use of net fresh water.
[4] This indicator corresponds to the sum of hazardous, non-hazardous and radioactive waste disposed.

Comments:
With the graphic view above, it is possible to assess which steps of the LCA are the most impacting for
the chosen indicators
 The main environmental impacts of the product life cycle come from extraction and processing
of raw materials (A1-A3). The Product stage is responsible for over 84% of the impact for
following indicators: Global Warming, Non-renewable resources consumption, Energy
consumption and Water consumption.
 As expected, waste production is mainly generated (over 95 %) during the end-of-life stage
with building demolition.
 Water is added at installation.
 The formula mix and distribution pattern have identifiable impacts on the total.

16
Additional information
Electricity description

TYPE OF INFORMATION DESCRIPTION

Location Representative of average production in United Arab Emirates (2017)

Split of energy sources in United Arab Emirates

Geographical - Natural gas: 92%
representativeness - Oil: 1%
description - Photo: 0.2%
- Losses: 6.7%
Reference year 2017
Type of data set Cradle to gate from Thinkstep
Source International Energy Agency -2017

Carbonation during use phase

The carbonation process that occurs during the use stage when the cement included in the mortar’s
recipe reacts with carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air and forms calcium carbonate is calculated based
on the “EN 16757 – Sustainability of Construction Works - Environmental Product Declarations -
Product Category Rules for Concrete and Concrete Elements”.
Kg CO2 uptaken during use stage is 0 because of webercol fix is used under tiles and for this
application k factor is considered to be 0.

17
Data Quality
Scope: United Arab Emirates
Period: 2018
Background information is taken from the GaBi or Ecoinvent database, trade association or suppliers
data.

Raw Materials Generic database, trade association and supplier data

Production Own specific data

Transport Generic and specific data

Application Generic and specific data

Life in Use Generic data

End of Life Generic data

Energy Generic average country

References
1. EPD International (2017) General Programme Instructions for the International EPD® System.
Version 2.5, dated 2017-12-11. www.environdec.com.
2. The International EPD System PCR 2012:01 Construction products and Construction
services, Version 2.3
3. EN 15804:2012 + A1:2013 Sustainability of construction works ̽ Environmental product
declarations ̽ Core rules for the product category of construction products
4. ISO 14 025: environmental labels and declarations – type III Environmental Declarations
Principles and procedure (2009)
5. ISO 14 040: Environmental management – Life Cycle Assessment – Principles and framework
(2006)
6. ISO 14 044: Environmental management – Life Cycle Assessment – Requirements and
guidelines (2006)
7. ISO 14020:2000 Environmental labels and Declarations - General principles
8. Saint-Gobain Environmental Product Declaration Methodological Guide for Construction
Products, Version 3.0.1 (2013)
9. PCR EN 16757:2018 Sustainability of construction works ̾ Environmental product
declarations ̾ Product Category Rules for concrete and concrete elements
10. http://echa.europa.eu/chem_data/authorisation_process/candidate_list_table_en.asp

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