Volume 1- Issue 5 : 2017

DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2017.01.000434
Tesfaye Abera. Biomed J Sci & Tech Res

ISSN: 2574-1241

Research Article Open Access

Assessment of Knowledge Attitude and Practice towards

Solid and Liquid Waste Management among Addis and
Kometa Kebele Community Mizan-Aman Town, Bench – Maji
Zone, Snnpr, South Waste Ethiopia, 2017
Sisay Shewasinad1, Tariku Daniel2, Hawi Abebe2, Nardos Tsegaye2 and Tesfaye Abera1*
1
Lecturer at Department of nursing, Mizan-Tepi University, Ethiopia
2
Department of nursing, Mizan-Tepi University, Ethiopia
Received: September 28, 2017; Published: October 12, 2017
*Corresponding author: Lecturer at Department of nursing, College of health science, Mizan-Tepi University, Ethiopia

Abstract
Background: Waste is defined as unwanted remains, residues discarded, and material or by products which are no longer required by the
initial user. These materials are by-products of human activities such as process of preparation, manufacture, packing, repacking, unpacking,
construction, renovation of structures and mining operations. Almost any substance that is discarded is designated as waste, but it may also
be considered as a potential resource. Virtually everything in the “waste stream” has residual value for someone or some business in the
community. Waste can serve as valuable resources as ground cover to reduce erosion, fertilizer to nourish the crops. KAP studies investigate the
knowledge attitude and practice of respondents on the particular subject of interest. KAP studies tell us what people know about certain things,
how they feel, and how they behave. The knowledge possessed by a community refers to their understanding of waste generation, description
and recycling in this context. Attitude refers to their feeling toward waste separation, collection as well as recycling. Practice refers to the way
in which they demonstrate their knowledge and attitude throw their actions.
Objective: Assessment of the knowledge, attitude and practice of Addis and Kometa kebele community towards waste disposal management
in South West Ethiopia, 2017.
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional design and systematic sampling technique was used to assess liquid and solid waste disposal
management in Mizan-Aman Town community. Data was collected from 392 selected samples and was tallied manually, processed and
analyzed in a line of its objective by using manual tally and table of frequency. Data quality was assured by performing pre-test to evaluate the
appropriateness of data collection instrument.
Result: The finding of this study showed that majority 84% of the respondents were females, regarding their ethnicity 35.5% were
Bench, also majority of the participants(87.1%) were married with regard to their religion (47%) were Orthodox, on the other hand 48.6%
of the respondents were the age between 21-30. Furthermore, the study showed that 81.8% of the respondents have good knowledge, 77.5%
of the participants showed positive attitude toward waste management as well as 76.9% of participants have good practice to ward waste
management.
Conclusion and Recommendation: The finding of the study revealed that majority of Mizan-Aman town community have good level of
knowledge, have positive attitude and showed good practice to ward waste management.
A. The Mizan-Aman town municipality was recommended to prepare pits/ditches in the town in sufficient quantity for solid waste
disposal.
B. Mizan-Aman town community has best knowledge, positive attitude and good practice so Mizan-Aman Municipality, Addis and
Kometa kebele administrators and health extension workers should do more to ensure the sustainability of this trend as well as to aware 100%
of community.
C. Further detailed studies were recommended for intervention by using this high light for further interventions.

Cite this article: Sisay S, Tariku D, Hawi A, Nardos T, Tesfaye A. Assessment of Knowledge Attitude and Practice towards Solid and Liquid
Waste Management among Addis and Kometa Kebele Community Mizan-Aman Town, Bench – Maji Zone, Snnpr, South Waste Ethiopia, 2017.
Biomed J Sci & Tech Res 1(5)-2017. BJSTR. MS.ID.000434. DOI : 10.26717/BJSTR.2017.01.000434 1346
Tesfaye Abera. Biomed J Sci & Tech Res Volume 1- Issue 5 : 2017

Introduction MDG sanitation target by almost 1 billion people. The magnitude

of the hygiene challenge also remains. Waste management is a
Back ground
critical issue worldwide. Open unregulated dumps are still the
Waste is defined as unwanted remains, residues discarded predominant methods of waste disposal in most developing
and material or by products which are no longer required by the countries [1]. Sanitation is fundamental to human development
initial user. These materials are by-products of human activities and security. The combined effects of inadequate sanitation, unsafe
such as process of preparation, manufacture, packing, repacking, water supply and poor personal hygiene is responsible for 88
unpacking, construction, renovation of structures and mining percent of childhood deaths from diarrhea. Every year, the failure
operations. Almost any substance that is discarded is designated to tackle these problems claims the lives of 1.5 million children and
as waste, but it may be considered as a potential resource. Virtually results in severe welfare losses – wasted time, reduced productivity,
everything also in the “waste stream” has residual value for ill-health, impaired learning, environmental degradation and lost
someone or some business in the community. Waste can serve as opportunities [5-7].
valuable resources as ground cover to reduce erosion, fertilizer to
nourish the crops and the source of energy etc [1]. Improper waste management may have health, environmental
and economic problems. Ecological phenomena such as water, soil,
The management of waste should focus on how to find the and air pollution have been attributed to improper management of
value and redirect it back to the community. But unfortunately, our solid wastes. The U.S public health service has published the result
collecting and dumping process mix and crush everything together; of the study tracing the relationship of 22 diseases to improper
and make separation an expensive and sometimes impossible solid waste management. Waste water is the cause of enteric
task to properly manage wastes [2]. The proper management of communicable diseases. Human excreta contain disease causing
solid wastes generated from individual house, institutions such organisms, thus it is the source of many infections [11-13].
as hospitals, health centers; from public eating and drinking
establishments (hotels, restaurants etc.); from business and In Sub- Saharan Africa, 69 percent of the population does not
working places is a very important part of environmental health have access to improved sanitation facilities. At the current rate
service in a community. If these wastes are not disposed in a of progress, the sanitation MDG will not be met for a long time.
proper way, they create breeding places for insects such as flies, Although difficult to predict using current models, some suggest it
mosquitoes etc; they provide food and harborages for rats. These may even be as late as2076 [10,14]. Waste management is a growing
insects and rats are health risk in that they are potential disease public concern in Ethiopia [15]. In many cities of the country, waste
transmitters. In addition to health problems rats also imposes an management is poor and solid wastes are dumped along roadsides
economic problem [3]. and into open areas, endangering health and attracting vermin [16].
Access to sanitation is also among the lowest in the world. Sixty
The seriousness of environmental depletion in Ethiopia percent of the population still practices open field defecation. Only
reveals the relationship between natural environment and people 12 percent (8%in the rural and 29% in the urban) of the population
are unfriendly. Thus it seems it will require high time to take use improved sanitation facilities. Urban households are more than
urgent actions by modifying people life style, making people an three times as likely as rural households to have access to improved
experienced of sustainable development by acquiring appropriate (12 toilet Facilities).
environmental knowledge, knowhow, skills and capacities [4]
millions more [5-7]. Improved sanitation attributes to 36% It is impossible to understand the magnitude and severity of
reduction in risk of diarrhea while hand washing with soap reduces existing and potential problem of the study area due to lack of
the risk of diarrhea by 48% [8]. In addition, good hygiene practices previously conducted research around the area. However, studies
improve overall health through reduced rates of pneumonia, conducted by Research Inspired Policy and Practice Learning in
scabies, skin and eye infections, and influenza [9]. Hand washing is Ethiopia and the Nile Region (RIPPLE) in the SNNPR indicate a
also associated with lower respiratory infection [10] substantial increase in the number of household latrines since the
deployment of Health Extension Workers. It shows an increase in
The seriousness of environmental depletion in Ethiopia witness a few years, from 16% to 94% coverage in Mirab Abaya Woreda
as that the relationship between natural environmental and people and 10% to 69% in Alaba Special Woreda. Nevertheless, these
are un friendly Thus it seems high time to take urgent actions by studies indicate hand washing facilities and practice to be still poor
redressing people life style, people an experience sustainable [17]. Lack of provisions to proper sanitation facilities can hinder
developmental by acquiring appropriate environment knowledge, the development of a country. This may be a challenge to achieve
knowhow, skills and capacities [4]. Millennium development goal Provision of adequate sanitation
Statement of the Problem facilities is not only socioeconomic and developmental issue, but
also an issue of self-respect, human dignity and public health [18].
Globally, 2.6 billion people or 39 percent of the world
population do not use improved sanitation. Some 1.1 billion people Rapid growth of urban population and solid waste management
still defecate in the open air. Ten countries, including Ethiopia are are some of the main challenging problems for developing
home to 81 percent of them. Open defecation is largely a rural countries and the waste disposal habit of the Community causes
phenomenon, most widely practiced in Southern Asian and Sub- the deterioration of the environment [19]. As a result, since
Saharan Africa. At current rates of progress, the world will miss the Ethiopia is one of the developing countries, the urban areas have

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Tesfaye Abera. Biomed J Sci & Tech Res Volume 1- Issue 5 : 2017

problem of solid Waste management, which has its own negative are not accessible for collection by municipality and these cause
impact on the environment. For Instance, the study conducted on bad smells and attract various disease vectors and pests resulting
assessment of Dessie town, revealed that improper and insufficient in low aesthetic quality of the towns [22]. There is no concrete data
solid waste management is causing serious Environmental and that show level of solid and liquid waste disposal management
sanitary problems [20]. and KAP of local population for possible intervention. The main
intention of this research was assessing the KAP of the Addis and
Similarly, the study conducted on assessment of solids waste
Kometa kebele community to ward waste disposal.
management of Addis Ababa city discussed that, from the solid
waste generated per day only 65 percent is collected as municipal Literature Review
waste and the remaining 35 percent of the waste is disposed off
Knowledge of House Hold on Waste Management
through informal means except smaller percentage going to
incineration and dumped on open sites, drainage, channels, rivers A research assessment that took place on Malaysia City stated
and valleys as well as on the streets. A simple observation around that, despite the high status of awareness expressed by 64 percent of
riverbank indicates large percentage of the uncontrolled waste goes the student concerning solid waste Management, it is not consistent
to the rivers [21]. Similarly, forwarded that uncollected garbage is with their attitude and perception. The result of the study showed
serious environmental hazard for all urban centers of the country, that more than half of the students (65.9%) have negative attitudes
especially in urban areas where the roads within the town or city towards solid waste management [23] (Tables 1 & 2).

Table 1: Socio-demographic characteristics of respondents, Addis and Kometa kebele, June, 2017.

Variables Frequency Percentage

15-20 27 6.9
Age 21-30 183 48.6
>30 178 44.5
Male 62 16
Sex
Female 226 84
Muslims 64 21.6
Orthodox 185 47.9
Religion
Protestant 120 25.5
Catholic 19 5
Bench 138 35.5
Kefa 96 24.8
Ethnicity Amhara 84 21.6
Oromo 37 9.5
Others 35 9
Married 338 87.1
Marital status Single 40 10.4
Widowed 10 2.6
Illiterate 82 21.2
Read and write 102 26.3
Marital status Elementary 60 15.5
High school 74 18.6
Diploma and above 70 18
Government employee 71 18.3
Occupational status Merchant 163 41.9
House wife 154 39.6
>3500 78 20.1
Monthly income of respondents
Unknown 310 79.9

Table 2: Participants response on the knowledge question, Addis and Kometa kebele community, June, 2017.

Frequency Percentage
Yes 388 100
Do you know what waste mean
No 0 0

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2 If yes for question number 1 what Useless materials 303 78

is waste state Sweepings from house 85 22
3 Do you know that if solid and Yes 388 100
liquid wastes are not managed well
cause for generation of different No 0 0
infectious disease
Do you know that if solid wastes are Yes 192 50.5
properly managed they can be used
for further other purpose No 196 49.5

Study done in city of Gweru in Zimbabwe has shown that the waste are these include lack of solid waste disposal facilities (50%
most common method used to dispose the waste is through open of the enterprises), the nonexistence of penalties for dumping,
dumping of waste by 383 (65%) out of the total of 589 enterprises lack of enforcement of legal deterrents by way of penalties (25%
and burning of waste is the second most popular method of of the enterprises), inadequate information on waste disposal and
disposing the waste as reported by 131 (22%) of the enterprises. management in general (22% of the enterprises), and the desire to
The factors that were cited as influencing open dumping of solid save on disposal costs as shown in Table 3.

Table 3: Attitude assessing questions and their respective answers, Addis and Kometa kebele, June,2017.

Variables Frequency Percentage

Proper waste management has Strongly agree 388 100
health environmental and ecologic
important Strongly disagree 0 0

Every person does have the Disagree 208 53.6

responsibility for the proper
collection and disposal of waste Agree 180 46.4

Solid and liquid wastes should not Strongly agree 155 40

be collected to gather Agree 233 60

Solid and liquid wastes can be Agree 248 72.1

recycled for re use Disagree 140 27.9

A total of 292 (50%) respondents identified absence of In addition, half of male and41.4% female respondents agreed
municipal solid waste management facilities as the key factor with the view that Wolkite town municipality could be blamed
responsible for open dumping of waste in the informal sector for not inviting any private or non-governmental organizations to
enterprises. The enterprises that reported that lack of facilities involve on solid waste management, only 17.5% male and 23.6%
promoted open dumping of waste included the service sector female respondents did not agree with the same view. While about
(63% operators), the retail sector (50%), the repair sector 32.2% male and 35% female respondents are unable to decide. This
(49% operators), the manufacturing (45% operators), and the might be due to shortage of information about municipality solid
construction sector (39%0 operators. waste management.

The informal sector enterprises, 191 (32%) respondents On the other hand, significant difference has been observed
indicated that they would source-reduce waste and 296 (50%) of between the two groups regarding the opinion that “the Wolkite
the respondents indicated that they would prefer to recycle waste town municipality does not have controlling mechanism to protect
and hence a total of 487 (82%) respondents were considered the the public against those who are dumping solid waste everywhere”
potential “reducers-recyclers” in the informal sector of Gweru. with female students showing favorable view than males (p =
Waste minimization is the most dominantly preferred in the service 0.042). While with no statistical difference between the two groups,
sector (57%) and it is the second most dominant way of managing 78.6% of the students agreed with the view that the existing method
waste in the retail enterprises (35%), the repair (20%), the (Donkey pulling trolley) being used by the municipality for solid
manufacturing (26%), and the construction (25%) enterprises. On waste transportation could not cover the whole town [25].
the other hand, recycling dominates as a preferred method of waste
Attitudes of the Community on Waste Management
management in construction (70%), repair (68%) manufacturing,
and retail enterprises (45%) [24]. The study conducted on Study conducted in one town of Thailand reveled that around
assessment of students’ awareness of and views about solid waste three-quarters (77.8%) highly intended to dispose of recyclable
management in Gurage Zone, Wolkite town showed that, A views waste into separate specific waste bins. Twelve point two percent
about the role of musicality on solid waste disposal, Accordingly, of had a moderate intention while only 10.0% had a low intention to
351 students, only 106 (30.2%) supported the view that the Wolkite dispose of recyclable materials into separate waste bins. Nearly
town municipality is well organized to execute its responsibility. all of them (92.2%) showed a good attitude to separately dispose

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Tesfaye Abera. Biomed J Sci & Tech Res Volume 1- Issue 5 : 2017

of recyclable materials while 5.6% showed a moderate attitude bins were used from one residential area to the other. 51.8% of the
and only 2.2% showed a bad attitude. Nearly three-quarters waste bins used were covered and 48.2% uncovered [29].
(73.3%) presented good subjective norms to separately dispose
Significance of the Study
of recyclable materials while about a quarter (24.4%) presented
moderate subjective norms and only 2.2 presented bad subjective The study was conducted to identify the knowledge, attitude
norms. The majority (87.8%) had high perceived behavioral control and practice of solid and liquid waste management of Mizan -Aman
to separately dispose of recyclable materials while only 4.4% Town .The study hoped that from dissemination of necessary
and 7.8% had moderate and low perceived behavioral control, information to different stake holders, knowledge, attitude and
respectively [26]. practice gap will be filled In addition the study hopped from the
information that will be provided, the concerned authorities
Practice Communities Based Waste Management will intervene to bend the existing and potential problems of the
Study from Thailand indicates that in estimation 24.73 million town and furthermore it will serve as source of data for future
tons of municipal solid waste was generated in the year 2012. Only researchers [30-38].
15.90 m tons (64.29%) was disposed of in prepared waste bins and
Objectives
11.90 m tons was collected. Therefore, more than half of the waste
(13.62 m tons or 55.08%) was untreated or incorrectly treated General Objectives: Assessing knowledge, attitude and
[27]. A study done on domestic solid waste disposal methods practice of Addis and Kometa kebele community towards waste
in Lagos metropolis, Nigeria has shown that there are six major disposal management in South West Ethiopia, 2017.
disposal methods were common in the study area. The use of Specific Objectives: To determine the level of knowledge of
accredited private sector participation (PSP) accounted for 25.9% liquid and solid waste disposal management among Addis and
of disposal methods in high, 26.1% in the medium, and 38.6% in Kometa kebele community. To determine the attitude of liquid and
the low density areas. Similarly, as a form of social service and solid waste disposal managementamong Addis and Kometa kebele
environmental management initiative provided by the Lagos State community. To determine the practice of liquid and solid waste
Government, 16.2%, 10.5%, and 27.2% of the residents in the high, disposal management among Addis and Kometa kebele community.
medium, and low densities, respectively, indicated that they often
disposed their solid waste in Lagos State Waste Management’s Methods and Materials
(LAWMA) refuse facility. Study Area and Period
Despite the above findings, the study still established that This study was conducted in Addis and Kometa kebele, Mizan-
indiscriminate waste disposal was prevalent in Lagos metropolis. Aman town, Bench-Maji Zone, SNNPR and South West Ethiopia
This assertion is premised on the fact that (21.9%, 21.1%, and which is found about 568 km from Addis Ababa and 833 km
22.7%) of the residents disposed solid waste on the road in the from Awasa. According to the central statistical agency of 2008,
high, medium, and low densities, respectively: a proportion as high the population size of Mizan-Aman Town is 48,706 and the total
as 16.5% and 18% of the residents dumped waste in the drain number of household in Mizan-Aman town is 12,824. The town
during rainfall. Burning as a form of disposal practice accounted is known for its diver’s ethnicity. Among those Bench, Kefa and
for 8.4% and 11.5% in the high and medium densities, respectively. Amhara respectively accounts majority numbers. The town has
The dumping of waste on open space was a practice found in all the many governmental and private organizations/service providers to
three residential densities. It however accounted for 10.8%, 12.5%, the community such as bank, telephone, post office, one University
and 11.3% of all the disposal methods in the high, medium, and low teaching hospital, one health center, one health science college,
residential densities, respectively. The disposal of waste on vacant one university and there are some different levels of private clinic
plots of land was common in places where landholders were yet to and pharmacy, also the town has KG, elementary, high school,
develop such land. senior secondary and preparatory schools as well as one college of
agriculture. Even the town has five kebele, the study was conducted
It can be deduced from (Table 2) that dumping of waste in
on two selected kebele, namely Addis and Kometa Kebele from
run-off water especially during the rainy season was a means of
April 26-May 07/2017.The total population of the two kebele is
disposal which in the high and medium densities accounted for
27,684 with total house hold of 5,250.
16.5% and 18% [28]. Study done in one of Ghana cities, Tamale has
revealed that 92.2% of households used waste bins which suggest Populations
that most of the people are concerned about hygiene and the need
a. Source population: The source population of the study
to keep the environment clean; 6.1% had no specific storage system
included all house hold in Addis and Kometa kebele.
and therefore disposed their waste directly at a disposal point
after collection in the house. This probably accounts for littering b. Study population: The study populations were selected
of waste around some homes and in the communities. 1.7% stored house hold of Addis and Kometa kebele.
waste within the house before disposal later. Of the waste bins that Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
were used by respondents, approximately 59.6% were plastics and
38.0% metal. There were also differences in the way in which waste a. Inclusion Criteria: All house hold members whose age
was above 18 years and available during the study period

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b. Exclusion criteria: Populations who were excluded from I. Level of knowledge about liquid and solid waste disposal
this study were those who could not available in the study management.
period, and those who are not households of Addis and Kometa
II. Attitude toward liquid and solid waste disposal
kebele as well as those who has psychiatric problem.
management.
Sample size and sampling technique
III. Practice to ward liquid and solid waste disposal
Sample size determination: management.
The sample size is determined using the following formula: - Data Collection Methods and Instruments
n= Z²Pq/d², where: - Data was collected by interviewing Mizan-Aman Town
n= sample size community house hold leaders by using structured questionnaire
and check list. The questionnaire was prepared in English and
z=Reliability coefficient for the desired confidence interval (CI) translated to Amharic language to ensure clarity. Then data
of 95%. collection task was accomplished by all group members.
P=the proportion of population possessing the character of Data entry, Processing, Analysis and Presentation
interest.
After collecting, the data was tallied manually, processed and
q=1-p and d=degree of precision=0.05 (allowed probability of analyzed in a line of its objective using suitable statistical tools by
error). using manual tally and table of frequency.

Sample size was determined by taking the following Data Quality Assurance and Management
assumptions; since there was no previous study in the area, the Before the actual data collection, pre- test was conducted to
estimated prevalence rate to be 50%, confidence interval of 95%, evaluate the appropriateness of the data collection instruments and
margin of error 5%. pretest was performed on 5% of population else from study area
Since the study populations number is less than 10,000 and (Hibret Keble). The questioners were checked for completeness,
sample size/study population is greater than 0.05 itis calculated by consistency, sensitivity and how much it addresses the objective of
using the following formula with considering adjustment the study and then measures was taken to correct the questionnaire
accordingly.
n= (1.96) ² (0.5) (0.5)/(0.05)2 =384
Operational Definition
By considering the none response rate of 10% =38.4 which is
approximated to 35 the total sample size is 423 but since sample a. Knowledge: is the concepts and information that study
size to study population is greater than 0.05, correction formula subjects have regarding liquid and solid waste disposal
(n/1+n/N) is used to determine the final sample size which b. Attitude: is the perception and internal feeling that study
=423/1+423/5250=391.45 approximately 392.Next the value of k subjects have; regarding liquid and solid waste disposal which
was calculated as =5250/392=13. may be positive or negative.
Sampling technique c. Practice: actions under taken by study subjects on liquid
Two kebele were selected using simple random and solid waste management
sampling(lottery) method but Systematic sampling technique was
d. Waste: a useless material or substance produced while
used to select households included in the study population Then
making something else
the first house was located by lottery method the next house hold
was every total household divided by sampled households that e. Solid Waste: discarded materials other than liquid
means k th house hold throughout the study, where k is the number
f. Liquid waste: can be fluid as waste water, fats, oils or
obtained by above division and its value is 13.
grease, used oil and hazardous house hold liquids.
Variables
g. Good knowledge: if 75% of knowledge questions (3out
Independent variables of4 ) were responded with equal to or more than 75% of
I. Sex respondents answered correctly

II. Age h. Moderate knowledge: if 50-74.99% of knowledge

questions (2 out of4) were responded with equal to or more
III. Religion than 50% of respondents answered correctly
IV. Educational status i. Poor knowledge: if less than 50% of knowledge questions
V. Ethnicity (less than 2 out of 4) were responded with less than 50% of
respondents answered correctly
Dependent variables

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j. Positive attitude: if 60% of attitude question (3 out of 4) Socio- demographic characteristics

were responded with equal to or more than 75% of respondents
In this study, nearly half of the respondents 183 (48.6%)
answered correctly.
were between 21-30 years. According to the finding majority of
k. Negative attitude: if less than60% of attitude questions respondents 326 (84%) were females and out of 388 respondents
(less than 2 out of 4) were responded with less than 50% of 185 (47.9%) were orthodox, concerning the ethnicity of
respondents answered correctly. respondents only 138(35.5%) were Bench. Regarding the marital
status of the respondent’s majority338 (87.1%) were married ,161
l. Good practices: if 70% of fitting practices questions (2
(41.9%) were merchants in their occupation, the finding of the
out of 3) was responded with equal to or more than 75% of
study also revealed 102(26.3%) could only write and read as well
respondents correctly.
as, out of 388 respondents majority 310(79.9%) did not know their
m. Poor practice: if less than70% of fitting practices monthly income (Table 1).
questions (less than 2 out of 3) were responded with less than
The finding of this study showed that all respondents
50% of respondents correctly.
388(100%) know what waste mean, but they describe waste in
Ethical Consideration different ways; of these 303(78%) out of 388 respondents define
waste as useless materials or dirt. On the other hand, all respondent
Official letter of cooperation was written from Mizan-Tepi
388(100%) already know, solid and liquid wastes unless managed
University, department of nursing to the Mizan- Aman Town
well cause for the generation of different infectious disease but
Municipality. Permission was obtained from municipality and
out of 388 respondents majority 196 (50.5%) did not knew solid
respondents, also the respondents were informed by study
wastes can be recycled for further use. Over all the study revealed
conductors about the objective of study as well as confidentiality of
majority (81.8%) of the respondents have good knowledge while
their information. The right of the respondents to refuse answering
the rest 18.2% have poor knowledge (Table 2).
for few or all of the questions was also respected.
The attitudes of participants were analyzed as follows: As
Dissemination of the Result
this study showed that, (77.5%) of the study participants had
The final result will be disseminated to Mizan-Tepi University positive attitude concerning liquid and solid waste disposal
College of Health Science, department of Nursing and Mizan- management. At the study period, all of the respondents (100%)
Aman Municipality as well as it will send for scientific Journal for thought that proper waste management has health and economic
publication. importance. The finding of the study also showed that more than
Result half of respondents 208(53.6%) did not accept the idea about
every person is responsible for collection and proper disposition
The expected number of participants to respond was 392but
of wastes. On the other hand, all respondents believe that liquid
only 388 were included in the study which gives 99% of response
and solid wastes must be collected separately as well as majority
rate.
respondents (72.1%) believed that waste should be recycled for
further use.

Figure 1: The general condition (cleanliness) of compounds of respondents that was observed during period.

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The practices of the respondents were analyzed as follows: on daily basis majority (67.8%) of study population do not properly
managed solid and liquid wastes after collection. Concerning the
This study has revealed that 76.9% respondents show positive
way of managing solid wastes, open dumping accounts for about
attitude while the rest 23.1 showed negative attitude. However, all
(27.8%) (Tables 3 & 4) (Figure 1).
study participants collect solid and liquid wastes in their compound
Table 4: practice assessing questions and their respective answers, Addis and Kometa kebele, June, 2017.

Variables Frequency Percentage

Do you collect solid waste in your
Yes 388 100
compound
Do you manage solid and liquid
Yes 388 18
waste after collection
Burning 70 19.8
By taking to waste accumulation
77 20.6
site
If yes for above question how do
By collecting in to the pit 80 13.7
you manage solid wastes
By cooperating with kebele
53 27.8
administration
By open dumping 108 30.9

Discussion Conclusion
Knowledge The finding revealed that Addis and Kometa community have
Knowledge about a given issue has been recognized as one good level of knowledge as well as have positive attitude and have
of the major determinants that shape the attitude, and practice good practice to ward waste management.
of a community. A positive correlation between resident’s Recommendation
level of knowledge about issues related to environment and
Based on these findings, the following points were
their attitude has been supported by various literatures. Now
recommended:
a day’s environmental problems in general and mishandling of
wastes in particular are among the leading causes for ill-health A. The Mizan-Aman town municipality was recommended to
and impediments for national development. Improper waste prepare pits/ditches in the town in sufficient quantity for solid
management may have health and environmental hazards. Studies waste disposal.
showed the relationship of many diseases to improper waste
B. Mizan-Aman town community has best knowledge,
management. The finding of this study concerning the knowledge
positive attitude and good practice so Mizan-Aman Municipality
level of participants 81.8% of respondents have good, level of
should do more to ensure the sustainability of this trend as well
knowledge inconsistent with similar study conducted in Malaysia
as to aware 100% of community.
city that showed 64% best knowledge level of respondents. The
reason for this discrepancy of the finding might be the difference C. Further detailed studies were recommended for
of sample size or period of study or both and the socio-economic intervention by using this high light for further interventions.
difference among the study participants.
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