RADIO COMMS PROCEDURES

RADIO COMMUNICATIONS

ATIS 128.77
KISSIMMEE GROUND 121.70
KISSIMMEE TOWER 124.45
KISSIMMEE PRACTICE AREA 123.50

• Who are you talking to?

• KISM Ground, KISM Tower or KISM Practice Area

• Who are u?
• Cadet/ Cherokee/ Piper (mention first time then just say tail number)_____

• Weather Information (ATIS 128.77) If need on initial call up to ground when departing
or initial call up to tower when arriving
• With information _______

• What are you requesting?

• Taxi to run-up area 6, departing to the west/southwest, etc.
• Taxi to the active runway
• Holding short runway 6/15
• Over checkpoint (sandpit, old town, ponsiana towers, water towers, 10nm sw
airport, etc) landing full stop, touch and go.

EXAMPLES MOST COMMON COMMUNICATIONS IN KISSIMMEE

*Remember set first radio on ATIS to get information and then switch to KISM GND.

• Kissimmee Ground, cadet_______ with information ________at Pan Am request taxi to

active runway, for (southwest departure, close traffic full stop and taxi back or touch
and go).
• Read back clearance, say your tail number.
• Ex: Taxi via TAXIWAYS, cadet _______.

• Kissimmee Ground, cadet ______ taxi to active runway.

• Read back clearance, say your tail number.
• Ex: Taxi to runway 15 via B, D, Cadet _______.

Upon arrival to runway switch to Kism Tower Frequency 124.45

• Kissimmee Tower, cadet ______ holding short runway 15

• Read back clearance, say your tail number.
• Ex: Hold short runway 15, cadet_______.
• Ex: Cleared for takeoff runway 15, southwest departure, cadet _____.

When more than 4 or 5 NM away from the airport (outside class D airspace) switch frequency
to KISM practice area 123.50
Make positions reports as desired over known landmarks
 • Kissimmee practice area, cadet ___ over _____ altitude______ heading _____ practice
maneuver_______ Kissimmee practice area

Continue…
****Before calling tower you may want to do before landing checklist first so you don’t forget it
later. You will be very busy listening to the tower.

• Fuel Pump ON
• Mixture full RICH
• Switch tanks if current tank has been selected more than 30 min
• Landing light ON
• Make sure seatbelts are ON/Secured
• Slow down to 2300rpms, 90 kias, trim to lever flight

When flying back to the airport get ATIS 128.77 make a note of the letter, write down weather
info.

When over checkpoint (Ex: Sandpits) (try to be around 2000ft in altitude) switch frequency to
tower 124.45 and call

• Kissimmee Tower, cadet______ (over sandpits, 10 miles southwest) with information

____ (landing full stop/ touch n go)
• Read back instructions clearance, end with tail number

Example of common things tower may say:

• Cadet____, report over the water towers/ poinsettia towers.
• Cadet____, report 4 miles southwest of the airport
• Cadet____, report midfield
• Cadet____, follow company piper, right downwind for runway 15 or straight runway 6, or
short base, or left 360 (for separation)
• Cadet____, you are number 2, follow Cessna/company aircraft etc
• Cadet____, cleared to land runway 6/15
• Cadet____, extend your downwind, I will call your base.

****If the tower says to follow other aircraft on downwind or base look for it. If can’t see it
say, “NEGATIVE CONTACT ON TRAFFIC, SAY TAIL NUMBER_____.” If you see the traffic, say
“TRAFFIC IN SIGHT, Tail number_____.” The tower will wait a response of aircraft you must
follow.

****When flying to midfield descend slowly to 1000ft which is traffic pattern altitude, power
2300rpm, airspeed 90kias trim as necessary.

****You must wait for the words “CLEARED TO LAND RUNWAY 6/15” to be able to land, must
read back clearance make sure you say which runway you have been cleared to land.

****When ABEAM the runway start landing procedures:

• Power to 1500rpms/ 1700rpms
• Pitch for 80 kias
• Flaps to 10
• Trim for 80 kias
****When on a 45º DEGREE from the airport start turning base
• Flaps to25
• Pitch for 75 kias/80 kias
• Trim as necessary for 75kias

****When READY START TURNING FINAL

• Flaps to 40
• Pitch 70kias
• Trim down (Use smalls corrections banks/pitch to get on centerline. Use rudder to
center the aircraft)

• To practice at lake wales uncrontroled airport, you need to report every time with LAKE
WALES TRAFFIC
• where you are nearest from airport _________
• when you are 45 degrees to enter________-
• Lakes wales traffic Cherokee 250FT reporting (upwind, crosswind, downwind or
mildfield, base or final) , runway 6, lake wales traffic
• When you are leaving the pattern with ____ departure

• To Crosscountry info!!

RADIO KISM/FSS: 122.2 / 122.65 / 123.65

122.1 R (receiving) – 112.2

Going to Ocala (KOCF)

St. Petersburg Radio , (Tail #) with request ….

St. Petersburg Radio, (tail #) open flight plan KISM to KOCF

Transmit 122.1/ receive 113.7

Gainsevilleradio (tail#), listening on 113.7
Gainseville radio (tail#), listening over Ocala VOR

To open flight and file it you need to call 1-800-wx-brief(1-800-99-27433) ext. 1351

Example:
Good morning to request file a flight plan

• Type VFR
• Aircraft identification: N611ft
• Special type: PA-28/u
• True airspeed: 90
• Departure point: KISM
• Departure time: (always zulu time)
• Cruising altitude: 4,500ft for example
• Route of flight: Direct
• Destination: KOCF (Ocala)
• Estimated time enroute: 1hr
• Remarks (any things)
• Fuel on board: 5hrs if you are going to kocf, if you are coming back will be 4 hrs
• Alternate airport: KLEE
• Pilot name and telephone: Fulanito de tal (spell at fonetic alphabet)
• Number aboard: 2 paxs
• Color of aircraft: white and red
• Close VFR flight plan with Gainsville FSS on arrival
• Special equipment suffix: O transponder with altitude encoding (m-dec)

THINGS TO REMEMBER

• Know all items in emergency checklist

• Know all v-speeds and what they mean

• Know light signals air and ground/know the emergency squawk codes

• Know all symbols in sectional legend

• Memorize and know 91.205

• Get weather from FSS before every flight (std, abbreviated and outlook)

• When getting atis and weather report or taxiing (look windsock) always figure out where
are the winds coming from (left/right) to know how to correct for x-wind during
taxi/takeoff/landing

• Checklist: read out loud/say whether each item is set/checked/do not miss any item

• Always perform brake test before taxiing (power to idle/step on the brakes both pilots)

• Always look when taxiing and say clear left/center/right

• Always looking when flying before a turn or while in cruise (looking outside for traffic and
birds)

• When completing a checklist say checklist completed and verified

• Limit of the suction gauge is 4.8-5.1

• When checking for Alternator verify needle is discharging and light is turning on/off

• Magnetos limits 175/50

• Cross wind correction while taxiing on the ground

• Always look at the windsock

• Anticipate which radio frequencies will be needed and set thin in standby
• When taking off say: Full Power/Engine gauges in the green (look and verify)/Airspeed is
alive (look and verify)/Heading Indicator agrees with runway heading (look and
verify)/rotate at Vr

• Remember that if windy/gusty/high density altitude/aircraft is heavy (Boris is backseating)

rotate at higher airspeed (maybe 60 or higher)

• If engine gauges are not in the green, airspeed is not alive, animals over the runway etc
abort the takeoff by retarding throttle/stepping on the brakes/advising tower you are
aborting

• When starting engine make a note of the time and which tank is selected, start engine timer,
switch tanks every 30 min

• When flying also check compass against heading indicator every 15 min when aircraft is
straight and level unaccelerated to correct for precession

• When climbing, leveling or descending always use the trim

• When taking off do not forget to do the lights/camara/action (specially the transponder
verify on and 1200 code is set)

• When changing transponder codes turn transponder to standby first, change code then back
to altitude

• Do not forget to do the before landing checklist. After doing any checklist, point at the
checklist and verify all items had been completed (say checklist completed and verified)

• Traffic pattern entries: have a map of the airport if possible, hear and understand which
runway is assigned and if left/right pattern, plan entry accordingly

• When turning crosswind, downwind, base don’t round up always square the turns

• When landing procedures start: pitch and trim (trim down) for airspeed (80/70), keep
looking at the airport to decide where 45 degrees, or if abeam and aircraft, PITH FOR
AIRSPEED POWER FOR ALTITUDE and say it, throughout the final approach keep
looking that airspeed is not less than approach speed (70/65 short final), if unstable
approach go around and advise tower of go around, if crosswind use crosswind correction
using aileron in direction of wind and enough rudder to keep the airplane aligned with
runway (crosswind correction should be used on the final approach segment, during flare
and upon touchdown)

• PITCH FOR AIRSPEED: means that you are going to pitch the nose as necessary to
achieve a specific airspeed. If need to go faster you pitch down, if need to go slower you
pitch up. You pitch for airspeed whether it’s a normal landing, forward slip to landing or
using crosswind correction. You do not use power to go faster/slower. If approach is low do
not pitch up, keep the nose at the desired airspeed and use power to stretch the distance
• POWER FOR ALTITUDE: means that while on final approach if the aircraft gets too low
the pilot applied power as necessary to stretch the distance, get higher on the glideslope. It
does not mean the pilot uses power to increase speed

• Ask the tower for “windcheck” while on final

• Always use situation awareness as to who (how many aircraft) are in the pattern specially at
uncontrolled airports

• Always before conducting flight maneuvers perform premaneuver checklkist (HASSELL

CHECK), particularly make sure mixture is rich, fuel pump is on, landing lights are on, do
we need to change tanks?, make clearing turns (90 degree looking outside), radio calls (give
location relative to landmark, altitude, heading and what maneuver performing)

• Before turning while in flight do and say “looking outside for traffic and birds”

• If you are climbing use either Vy or Vx and say it. Don’t just climb at any speed. Trim
always

• Always remember what the light signals are in the case of a loss of communications

• Have the emergency checklist nearby ready to use if needed

• Use CRM (crew resource management) which means that you must have everything you
need organized and handy to be used if needed without having to look all over the airplane,
don’t let stuff fall under the seat, organize you material, for example organize all papers,
maps, pens etc on the kneeboard and don’t let the kneeboard lay over the flap lever as it
hides it from view and you cannot see whether you have flaps up/down.

• If you get lost while in a cross country flight remember the 5 C’s.
CLIMB/COMMUNICATE/CONFESS/COMPLY/CONSERVE. CLIMB: if you are lost
you can see more landmarks and terrain features from higher altitude than low. Also it
might be a good idea to make a note of the time you got lost, do you remember and can go
to the previous checkpoint you recognized before, also circling might be a good idea to
avoid getting further lost as you climb, check compass with heading indicator (did you get
lost because you forgot the check for precession and were following the wrong heading?
COMMUNICATE/CONFESS: if using CTAF talk to somebody maybe a flight instructor in
the practice area asking for advise, contact FSS or better yet find the frequency of the
nearest approach, departure or center and call them confessing that you are lost. If you
don’t know the frequency you can ask FSS for it. In the worst case if you don’t know FSS
or ATC frequency you can always call emergency at 121.5 COMPLY: obey whatever
instruction ATC provides CONSERVE: think about conserving fuel if you are lost so
leaning the mixture would be a good idea.

• When checking the instruments start from the top with the compass and continue down left
to right and say: Compass is full of fluid and moving freely (verified when turning),
Airspeed indicator is showing zero correctly, Attitude Indicator is upright and erect within 5
 min and no unusual noises, Altimeter is set to altimeter setting and within 75 ft of airport
elevation, Turn coordinator has miniature airplane level or turning in direction of turn and
ball is in center or turning opposite direction of turn (verified if turning), heading indicator
is moving and showing known headings, VSI is at zero or showing another value which
will become the new zero.

• When taxing on the ground taxi at a brisk walk and say it

• After landing before contacting ground do after landing checklist: flaps up, fuel pump lights
off, transponder standby

• When shutting down the engine do the appropriate checklist without forgetting to ground
check the magnetos