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Condiotionals and Annotations

The document discusses different ways to make connections and annotations while reading. It explains that making connections to personal experiences (text-to-self), other texts (text-to-text), and the real world (text-to-world) can improve comprehension. Annotating texts by marking important details, themes, questions, and character information engages readers and helps them process and retain information. Specific annotation strategies are outlined, including circling unfamiliar words, using symbols to flag key elements, and drawing illustrations to represent concepts. The goal of making connections and annotations is to aid understanding by linking new information to existing knowledge and experiences.

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RusselReid Bartolome
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31 views

Condiotionals and Annotations

The document discusses different ways to make connections and annotations while reading. It explains that making connections to personal experiences (text-to-self), other texts (text-to-text), and the real world (text-to-world) can improve comprehension. Annotating texts by marking important details, themes, questions, and character information engages readers and helps them process and retain information. Specific annotation strategies are outlined, including circling unfamiliar words, using symbols to flag key elements, and drawing illustrations to represent concepts. The goal of making connections and annotations is to aid understanding by linking new information to existing knowledge and experiences.

Uploaded by

RusselReid Bartolome
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MAKING CONNECTIONS

You might have not noticed, but your previous experiences,


knowledge, emotions, and understanding affect what and how you
learn (Harvey & Goudvis, 2000). Called the schema, your
background knowledge and experiences actually help you make
sense and meaning of the material you are exposed to. Learning
how to access these prior knowledge, experiences, emotions, and
opinions can help you make a connection to the text to help you
understand concepts better.
Keene and Zimmerman (1997) as cited in Kardash (2004)
concluded that students like you comprehend better when you
make different kinds of connections. These three (3) connections
include the following:
text-to-self;
text-to-text; and
text-to-world.
How you relate yourself to the character of King Arthur in the “King Arthur
and His Knights of the Round Table” by Roger Lancelyn Green is text-to-self
connection. The way you compare the theme of the novels written by Nicholas
Sparks to each other is text-to-text connection. Relating real life issues and
scenarios to things read from a selection, on the other hand, is text-to-world
connection.

Making Annotations
The best way to remember and associate your experiences to
those presented in any text is by annotating.

Annotating is to make marks on the text. It is not simply


highlighting appealing words or sentences; though you will most
likely end up highlighting the entire selection. It is a purposeful
strategy to help you comprehend what you are reading on a deeper
level than if you were just to read it straight through. It is an
excellent way to deconstruct the text into meaningful pieces for
better understanding. Its main goal is to make connections between
what you already know—about practically anything—and the world
around you.

There are four (4) major benefits of annotating (Azevedo, 2017).


A. It makes you more engaged on the material.
B. It slows your reading that helps you to focus on details and have
better retention and comprehension.
C. It helps you process what you are reading.
D. It records textual evidences for later reference. You may even
note your questions for further research.

Azevedo (2017) added that the following annotation strategies


may be used:
1. Circle any unfamiliar words, then look them up, and write down
the definition.
2. Use question marks to indicate areas of uncertainty.
3. Use stars to indicate anything that seems important such as
themes, symbols, foreshadowing, etc.
4. Use exclamation points to indicate something dramatic or a key
turning point.
5. Circle (or mark somehow) character names any time they are
introduced for the first time.

 Keep a list somewhere, maybe on the inside cover, of all the


characters and their traits. Add to this list as new characters are
introduced or as you learn more about existing characters.
7. Write your notes in the margins (best method), on sticky-notes
(decent method), or in a separate notebook (least favorable method).
8. Paraphrase or summarize each chapter after you finish reading
it. You only need a few sentences to do this. Write them down at the
beginning or end of the chapter.
9. Write down any questions you have about the text – either
questions you are willing to wait to find out the answer as you read
further, or questions you want to bring up to your teacher in class
the next day.
10. Use a color-coded system if that type of thing appeals to you.
11. Give each chapter a title. So after you finish reading each
chapter, go back to its title page and give it a title.

To make it more engaging and interesting, you may also use


illustrated annotations which use images to represent concepts and
elements. The creation of illustrations may help you synthesize
information and, at the same time, may help increase creativity and
engagement while reading. They make annotating texts a more
hands-on experience and learning a more meaningful and personal
(Gehr, 2019).

Below is an example of how a student used simple symbols


and/or annotations to note significant elements from the poem
Crossing the Bar by Alfred Lord Tennyson.

The student used symbol which served as his/her guide in understanding


the text. Other annotations were also used to express ideas, ask questions, and
clarify important points.

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