Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Smart Electronics and Communication (ICOSEC).

IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP21V90-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-3368-6

Smart Greenhouse Monitoring System using Wireless

Sensor Networks
2021 2nd International Conference on Smart Electronics and Communication (ICOSEC) | 978-1-6654-3368-6/21/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICOSEC51865.2021.9591680

1 2
C Visvesvaran, S Kamalakannan
Department of ECE, Department of ECE,
Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Vignan's LARA Institute of Technology & Science,
Coimbatore, India Vadlamudi, Andhra Pradesh
[email protected] [email protected]

3
K Niresh Kumar, 4
K M eenakshi Sundaram,
Department of ECE, Department of ECE,
Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology,
Coimbatore, India Coimbatore, India
[email protected] [email protected]

6
5
S M urugananda Sri Sabari Vasan, S Jafrrin,
Department of ECE, Department of ECE,
Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology, Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology,
Coimbatore, India Coimbatore, India
[email protected] [email protected]

Abstract- A greenhouse is an area with arrangement of climate in the mid of nineteenth century. The type of
components and things that is covered with a kind of materials, greenhouse condition varies depending on the type of plants.
like a polyethylene or glass roof or mostly covered with green In the nineteenth century, the immense increase in the supply
nets; S ince the plants, corps, soil and other materials inside the
of exotic plants greatly increased greenhouse culture in
structure absorbs visible solar radiation rays from the sun, the
structure gets heat up dramatically. As a result the greenhouse
England and elsewhere The smaller greenhouse structures
gases inside the building increases. Many farmers are unable to are used by hobbyists, small-scale home gardeners and by
make good sum from greenhouses because they are unable to collectors of garden, while people in fields like agriculture,
control two critical factors: productivity and plant growth. The horticulture, and plant science use larger structures. The
smart greenhouse monitoring system is designed to assist recent modern greenhouse is basically a structure covered by
farmers in overcoming these challenges. The green house wood or plastics used to produce specific flowers and
monitoring device is powered up by the arduino and Atmega328 vegetables and fruits for home needs and other particular
microcontrollers and it includes 12v DC fan, LCD display and plants that grow in specific temperature and moisture
sensors such as soil moisture sensor, humidity sensor,
conditions. The Span type greenhouse, is A-shaped or double
temperature sensor, light sensor, Light Dependent
Resistors(LDR) sensor and a pump. This paper describes the
pitched roofs, and therefore the Lean-to-greenhouse has one
design, installation, and operation of various sensors used to pitch & leans opposite to facet of a structure, square
track and manage the environment automatically in measure the two basic structural shapes. 2 or additional chip
greenhouses using Wireless S ensor Network. type greenhouses square measure typically combined
facet by facet to scale back the amount of exterior walls and,
as a result, the value of heating. The Verdure in a very
Keywords – Green House Monitoring, Atmega328, greenhouse square measure exposed to natural light
ArduinoUNO, Wireless S ensor Network weight for the bulk of the day because of the
massive quantity of glass on the perimeters and roof. Glass
was once the foremost standard glazing medium, however
I. INTRODUCTION
plastic films like polyethylene or polyvinyl still as fiberglass,
square measure currently wide used. The structure’s frame is
A greenhouse is a structure to defend fragile or out-of-
created of atomic number 13, galvanized steel, or woods like
season crops or plants from weather. Greenhouses within the redwood and cedar. A greenhouse is heated partially by the
seventeenth century were brick or timber shelters with an
sun, and partially by mechanical means that like steam, hot
inexpensive quantity of window area. Greenhouse developed
water, or hot air. A ventilating system is
into a roofed building with glass walls and wood or metal additionally expected since a greenhouse could too cold or
components as protective shield became cheaper and a
hot. Roof openings, which might be mechanically or
various of advanced new ways to make the sun temperature
manually operated, and wall openings
became lower. The greenhouse had been progressed to form from that electrical fans pull in and disperse air within the
a easy simple but strong shelter for plants from rough
interior, square measure the foremost common examples.

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 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Smart Electronics and Communication (ICOSEC).
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP21V90-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-3368-6

Several IoT modules can be used to automate the function of received by the owner.
the green house. The function of the green house structure is
maintained automatically by the device, and crops are In [2], they proposed an embedded arduino system
constantly watched over for any defects. To monitor the device to observe the structure of greenhouse. Here various
whole system, we used an ATmega microcontroller. The sensors like temperature, humidity, intensity, ph and soil wet
temperature, moisture, humidity, and PH of the surrounding sensors are given to microcontroller. That calculates the value
areas in the structure are tracked by the Arduino and various and displays it through LCD display. And a GSM module is
sensors used in the device. The temperature of the green used to provide SMS to the service provider. So that the
house structure is monitored by the temperature sensor. The owner may know the information about greenhouse.
moisture level of the soil in which the plants grow is In [3], the greenhouse environment is implemented using
monitored by the moisture sensor. The humidity of the green android platform. This includes a temperature and humidity
house structure is maintained by the humidity sensor. The sensor, which is connected to embedded module. It access the
PH level in the soil is detected by the PH sensor. It allows Wireless Access Point, that transfers the message to the owner
the sensor to determine the contents NPK (nitrogen, through mobile phone. This uses a Software Application to
phosphorous, potassium) in the soil inside the green house. If connect through the greenhouse environment.
there is a nutrient deficit, this sensor detects it and sends an
input to the Arduino, which activates the fertilizer device. If
some operation is performed, a GSM module is attached to IV. EXISTING SYSTEM
the microcontroller, which sends warning messages to the
registered mobile number. The green house is automatically In the current system, the greenhouse monitoring has
tracked in this manner, with no errors. This aids farmers in the following problems:
increasing productivity and increasing the nutrient content of
their crops. The farmer's workload is minimised as a result of [1] The accurate data of the crops is not stored
doing this, and they are able to reap additional benefits. anywhere which makes it hard for the user to analyze the
usage of fertilizers and other energy resources during
different climatic conditions. So as to overcome this issue, we
II. PURPOSE AND EVALUATION OF WORK
have decided to store the readings of the sensors in the Azure
cloud for the analysis of the usage and requirements of crops
The purpose of our paper is to continuously monitor during different situations. So that the us er can access the
conditions inside the green house and to supply fertilizers data from the sensors from anywhere using the azure cloud.
whenever the plant requires any nutrients using Arduino and
ATmega microcontroller. The Microcontroller is a powerful
way to monitor real-time environmental parameters and act [2] The main drawback is when the plants are in need of
according to the requirement of the situation in the green nutrients like NPK (nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium)
house. The transmission and reception of data from sensors to contents, they need to be supplied to the plants manually. So
Arduino and vice versa is done by the NodeMCU. The data as to overcome this issue, automatic fertilizer unit is added to
collected from the sensors are sent and stored in the Azure the Greenhouse monitoring system. So that the nutrients are
cloud for the purpose of data analysis. By analyzing the data delivered to the plants automatically without any trouble.
stored in cloud, the farmers can get to know about the amount
of fertilizers required by the plants in the greenhouse during
different situations to yield a better crop production and to
ensure optimum crop growth. V. PROPOSED SYSTEM
The proposed work is that we have added the automatic
III. LITERATURE SURVEY fertilizer unit to the green house system that will continuously
monitor the soil nutrition content and if the measurement
In [1], the design of automatic water spraying, roof open value drops below the threshold value, then the fertilizer
close and close system based on humidity and temperature is system will supply the required nutrients to the plants
proposed. Here the personal computer used as the serv er automatically. In addition to Green house monitoring system,
which send an alert to the owner with the use of wireless the fertilizer system will give an extra care to the crops based
network. The server sends information to android system. For on the NPK level (nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium) in the
using this, a software application is developed. The main soil so that the yield and quality of crop production can be
drawback of this system is this is based on wifi .So if there is improved by the users.
any discrepancy in the network, the information is not

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Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Smart Electronics and Communication (ICOSEC).
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP21V90-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-3368-6

VI. HARDWARE DETAILS

 At mega Controller

 Arduino microcontroller

 WIFI Module

 LCD display

 Resistors

 Transistors

 PH sensor

 AC pump

 Moisture sensor

 DC FAN

 Humidity sensor

 Crystal Oscillator

Fig.1 Basic block diagram for Greenhouse  Temperature Sensor

Monitoring System
 Capacitors

 LDR sensor

 Diodes

 Transformer/Adapter

Fig.2 Basic lock Diagram for Automatic

Fertilizer unit

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 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Smart Electronics and Communication (ICOSEC).
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP21V90-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-3368-6

VII. OUTPUT:
Temp
(C )
23

22.5

22

21.5

21

20.5

20

19.5
0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Fig.4 Graph for Temperature

Humidity
(%)
48.5

48

47.5

47

46.5

46

45.5

45
Fig.3 Monitoring System 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Fig.5 Graph for Humidity

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Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Smart Electronics and Communication (ICOSEC).
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP21V90-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-3368-6

VIII. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Light Intensity
A smart green house monitoring system is implemented in an
(%) efficient manner by utilizing the concept of automatic
1550 fertilizer unit and automatically delivering nutrients to the
plants based on the conditions like NPK(nitrogen,
1500 phosphorous, and potassium) contents, temperature, humidity
and moisture level in the soil. As we know that in the
1450 traditional greenhouse system, the monitoring of crops’
nutrition level and surrounding environmental parameters
1400
such as humidity, moisture level and temperature can be a
1350 very tedious process whereas, the Smart Greenhouse
Monitoring system along with an automatic fertilizer unit can
1300 be very much effective and precise compared to the
traditional greenhouse system. The smart greenhouse
1250 monitoring framework will produce a greater achievement
1200
rate in terms of crop quality and production. This framework
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 works differently in different situations based on the readings
from the sensors and performs specific tasks like release of
nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium to the plants when they
are in need of. Thus, this framework ensures that the plants
Fig.6 Graph for Light Intensity are in good condition as far as nutrients and other
environmental parameters are considered. Hence, this
greenhouse monitoring framework is by all means
encouraging and will have the ability to produce a result of
Automatic Fertilizer increase in crop production with a better efficiency.
4
3.5
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 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Smart Electronics and Communication (ICOSEC).
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP21V90-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-3368-6

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