UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY PESHAWAR

Department of Computer Science and Information Technology

Software Engineering (Theory)
Assignment # 02

Instructor: Miss Aisha Javed

Submitted by:
Name: Nasir Abbas
Registration no: 20Pwbcs0745
Semester: 5th (Fall 2022)
Section: A(CS&IT)

Agile Methodology Process

Part 1 – Agile processes: Write a report on the SCRUM agile development
methodology from the point of view of a programmer trying to argue the case for
management of Southern Cross University to adopt the SCRUM methodology for
internal system development and contracted (procured) system development. You can
assume the organisation has no experience in agile development processes at all so you
will need to provide detailed arguments (this is not true but for the purposes of the
assignment you should assume it is true).

Your report should be structured as follows:

1. An overview of Agile processes

2. An explanation of the SCRUM framework
3. Arguments for and against the adoption of SCRUM. You will need to reference
authoritative sources to convince your management
4. Clearly identify what sorts of projects would benefit and what sorts of projects
will not benefit . This can be part of your point 3 arguments.
5. An explanation of two aspects of Agile methodologies (XP, SCRUM or other
processes) that could be adopted across the organisation, even if some systems
were not appropriate for SCRUM. Explain why this is a good idea. (Note that Part
2 of this assignment is an example of one of these and you can include it here if
you wish)

The report should not be more than 1500 words. You will not be penalised for going over
the limit but it may indicate you have too much detail or your writing is not precise. Feel
free to use the above items as major headings in your report/essay, a bit more concise of
course. You should add a brief Executive Summary and a brief Conclusion

Answer

Executive summary
Agile methodology is the process of building the software in a short period of time. for
example if there is any issues in the software during the building of the software or the
customer who wants to modify and needs some changes in the software during the
building time of the software at that the models like software development life cycle and
other manual testing models are difficult to change and modify the changes in the
software. In this software development assignment there are various benefits and non-
benefits of agile methodology and the scrum process are used to developing the internal
systems and other contracted system development for Southern Cross University Scrum
methodology is used for building the software in effective and efficient manner.

1) Introduction: In this software development assignment the process of agile

methodology will be analyzed to find the various advantages and disadvantages of the
agile process. Scrum process will be also going to be analyze in this report for building
the internal and external system building. This software development assignment will
also explains the various team members in the scrum process and the framework of the
scrum and the aspects of scrum in two methodologies like extreme programming and
scrum for identifying their aspects. The different benefits of the agile scrum process will
going to explain in this software development assignment.

2) Part 1 – Agile processes

Overview of Agile processes: Agile methodology is the process of building the
software in a short period of time and it is very easy to modify any changes during the
building of the software (Altameem, 2015). This feature only available in the agile
methodology because of it has scrum process. This is the process which is used to help
the developing of the software. Normally other software building techniques uses the
traditional method. Which has some ideas like defining the process, coding the software,
integrate the software and testing the software. But the agile methodology uses scrum
process which keep on update and retrieve. At any cast we can review and adjust our
software according to the customer's specification and customer’s sudden requirements
(Carrera, Iglesias & Garijo, 2013).

The SME (small-medium size enterprises) mainly use the agile methodology. Agile is the
term which used in different approaches for developing the software. there are different
frameworks are there in the agile methodology like the dynamic method, scrum process,
driven development method and crystal method etc. but among the frameworks scrum
is the best for maintaining the quality of the software. These are the overview of agile
methodologies (Kim, 2016).

SCRUM framework

Developing the internal systems and other contracted system development for Southern
Cross University Scrum methodology is used. As a programmer I strongly recommend
the scrum framework for developing the software. Because from the view of
programmer there are lot of features and specifications are there in the SCRUM
framework. We can change the requirements even before delivery of the software.

In this scenario, Southern Cross University is the customer which needs to develop the
internal and contacted system development. So the input is needed to give according to
the need. Then it is processed by the end users and other stakeholders and the team.
These inputs were mainly given to the product owner to find the problem statement and
defining the features of the software. This process is also called the product backlog.
Later the team will take the product backlog and arranges the requirement for
committing the sprint. Then the meeting for sprint will happen. In that meeting, the
various backlogs were identified and then the various product backlog was refined
during the period of Sprint event (Sachdeva, 2016). The scrum meeting will happen each
and every day under the supervision of the scrum master. Hence the reusability and
updating the process in the project and efficiency rate is very high. Once the scrum
meeting is done then it is updated again in the sprint and then it will processed by the
review team. This process is called as sprint cycle. Later it is moved to the final team
called retrospective team. Then the software will be finalized and then approved for the
delivery. Later the delivery of the software were done.

 Scrum master is the person who as couple of roles like keeper and trainer. He is
the person who gives proper guidance for the whole team.
 Product owner is another person in the scrum process who is expert in this
process. And he is the person who has contact with the stakeholders for defining
the resource needs. He also contacts with the vision team for maintaining the
priorities. Development team will develop the software according to instruction
given by the product owner.
 Development team in scrum process is the team which is used to develop the
software or system requirement according to the instruction given by the
customer. But the customer won't contact the development team directly. They
have to explain the requirement to the scrum master and he gives the instruction
to the development team for building the system development.

Arguments for and against the adoption of SCRUM

There are different arguments are there against the scrum process. Many of them don't
compatible with the scrum process because of the each and everything should be noted
during the process. The scrum team members needs to work hard for each and every
software development. They must have to work for the organization hardly. These are
the genuine reason which is the main reason against the scrum process. The time taken
for building the software is more in the SCRUM process. Because there are different
process were processed by the different team members in the event. So many of them
don't like this process. Instead of the scrum process they use the models and
methodologies such as waterfall, software development life cycle etc. (Cohn, 2018)

Benefits and non-benefits

Benefits of scrum: Scrum agile development methodology is the technique which is
used to develop the software effectively as well as efficiently. It uses of time and money
and big projects are separated into easily controllable sprints. Increases are coded and
tested through sprint view. Development projects works are fast moving. The side gets
strong discernibility through scrum meetings.it adopts feedback from customers and
stakeholders. Short print can be a feedback. Each team associates are during the scrum
meeting. A large team has defined roles and responsibility to define goals. It focused on
project goals. Transparency is one of the most important in the agile process and it is
advanced stakeholder and projects of the product.

Non-benefits of scrum: Individuals are not very committed and cooperative. It a very

big challenge of adopting the scrum in the large team. This surround work can be
popular only with knowledge team members. If team members can take a leave, then
affecting by project team members. It was very difficult to plan, structure and
organization a project. Project life cycle involved in frequent changes, frequent product
delivery, and uncertainty. In a successful project depends on the dedication of all
participants. It has no deadline delivery to process and managers demanding new
functionality to be delivered. It is very well understood the tasked by the small team.
There is a larger stress on team members and they have to apply a big amount of period
on project development.

Two aspects of agile methodologies

XP: XP is one of the methods used for the software development process in agile
technologies. XP stands for the Extreme Programming. Among the various aspects or
methodologies present in the agile technologies, this method is considered as the
important one. It has some significance than other methods. This method differs from
the other methods in some areas. For example, if we consider the other methods it gives
the importance for the predictability. But these methods give importance to the
adaptability. This method has some common goals. And they are described here.

 The first and foremost aim of the XP is to improve the productivity and reconcile
humanity.
 To develop the mechanism for creating the change in the society.
 Develop the path to improve the process.
 Develop the own style for development activities.
 Last but not least to develop the set of disciplines for the software development
process.

SCRUM: SCRUM is also widely used framework for the software development

activities. In this methodology the developer can create the check list with the priorities.
There are some certain rules which are already followed in the scrum process. The rules
are the team of the particular development won't be less than five people and the max
count of the team won't greater than eleven. This is rule which allows the team to
interact each and every members in the team. The explanation of scrum process were
already explained in the previous parts.

3) Conclusion
From this software development assignment various methods and key findings of agile
methodology and its different features were identified and analyzed. The benefits and
non-benefits of SCRUM process was identified using this research. Using the overview
of SCRUM process lot of key things of the process were analyzed. The two aspects of
agile methodology was also identified in this software development assignment. The
different benefits and different non-benefits of the project were identified and
explained. The two aspects of agile methodologies like XP (extreme programming) and
scrum process were also explained in this report.

Agile methods have been particularly successful for two kinds of system development.
1. Product development where a software company is developing a small or medium-
sized product for sale. Virtually all software products and apps are now developed using
an agile approach.
2. Custom system development within an organization, where there is a clear
commitment from the customer to become involved in the development process and
where there are few external stakeholders and regulations that affect the software.
Agile methods work well in these situations because it is possible to have continuous
communications between the product manager or system customer and the
development team. The software itself is a stand-alone system rather than tightly
integrated with other systems being developed at the same time. Consequently, there is
no need to coordinate parallel development streams. Small and medium sized systems
can be developed by co-located teams, so informal communications among team
members work well.

Q2. Photo sharing in the classroom (iLearn)

 Jack is a primary school teacher in Ullapool (a village in northern Scotland). He
has decided that a class project should be focused around the fishing industry in
the area, looking at the history, development and economic impact of fishing. As
part of this, people are asked to gather and share memories from relatives, use
newspaper archives and collect old photographs related to fishing and fishing
communities in the area. People use an iLearn wiki to gather together fishing
stories and SCRAN (a history resources site) to access newspaper archives and
photographs. However, Jack also needs a photo sharing site as he wants people to
take and comment on each others’ photos and to upload scans of old photographs
that they may have in their families.

Jack sends an email to a primary school teachers group, which he is a member of

to see if anyone can recommend an appropriate system. Two teachers reply and
both suggest that he uses KidsTakePics, a photo sharing site that allows teachers
to check and moderate content. As KidsTakePics is not integrated with the iLearn
authentication service, he sets up a teacher and a class account. He uses the
iLearn setup service to add KidsTakePics to the services seen by the people in his
class so that when they log in, they can immediately use the system to upload
photos from their mobile devices and class computers.
Identify the different aspects of requirements:
1. Intial Assumption
2. Action/Description
3. What can go wrong?
4. Other activities
5. System state on completion.
Answer:

 Initial assumption: A user or a group of users have one or more digital

photographs to be uploaded to the picture sharing site. These are saved on either
a tablet or laptop computer. They have successfully logged on to KidsTakePics.
 Normal: The user chooses upload photos and they are prompted to select the
photos to be uploaded on their computer and to select the project name under
which the photos will be stored. They should also be given the option of inputting
keywords that should be associated with each uploaded photo. Uploaded photos
are named by creating a conjunction of the user name with the filename of the
photo on the local computer.

On completion of the upload, the system automatically sends an email to the

project moderator asking them to check new content and generates an on-screen
message to the user that this has been done.

 What can go wrong:

 No moderator is associated with the selected project. An email is automatically
generated to the school administrator asking them to nominate a project
moderator. Users should be informed that there could be a delay in making their
photos visible.
 Photos with the same name have already been uploaded by the same user. The
user should be asked if they wish to re-upload the photos with the same name,
rename the photos or cancel the upload. If they chose to re-upload the photos,
the originals are overwritten. If they chose to rename the photos, a new name is
automatically generated by adding a number to the existing file name.

 Other activities: The moderator may be logged on to the system and may
approve photos as they are uploaded.

 System state on completion: User is logged on. The selected photos have
been uploaded and assigned a status ‘awaiting moderation’. Photos are visible to
the moderator and to the user who uploaded them.

THE END