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43 views18 pagesAndis 2 - SDOF 2
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/ 18
« The impressed force p(t) acting on the simple oscillator in
the figure is assumed to be harmonic and equal to F, sin wt ,
where F, is the amplitude or maximum value of the force
and its frequency @ is called the exciting frequency or forcing
frequency.
| uo, ao
fo=ku
pi) =F, sin ar pein ar The differential equation obtained by summing all the forces
jin the Free Body Diagram, is :
The solution can be expresses as :
(J= A cos at + Bsin at ubstituting Eq. (3.b) into Eq. (1) gives :
k-me
Which / represents the ratio of the applied
forced frequency to the natural frequency of
vibration of the system :
pe 6) Combining Eq. (3.a & b) and (4) with Eq. (2) yields :
u(t)= Aco:
* With initial conditions: w =u(0) u=ul0)
Ct
Transient Response Steady State Response Steady state response present because of the applied force, no
latter what the initial conditions.
ransient response depends on the initial displacement and
locity.
ransient response exists even if (0)=1i(0)=0
In which Eq, (7) specializes to
It can be seen that when the forcing frequency is equal to natural
), the amplitude of the motion becomes infinitely
system acted upon by an external excitation of frequency
‘oinciding with the natural frequency is said to be at resonance. * Including viscous damping the differential equation governing
the response of SDoF systems to harmonic loading is :
(10)
we)
fplt) = cu
co Basin en he complementary solution of Eq, (9) is :
u,(t) =e" (A cos @pt + B sin apt) (11)
The particular solution of Eq. (9) is :
u, (t)= C sin et + Deos at (12)
(13.a)
(13.b) he complete solution of Eq, (9) i
u.(0)= 6 (Acos @pt + B sin ant)+ C sin er + Deos ex
Ws (14)
Transient Response Steady State Response
Response of damped
system to harmonic
force with ©The total response is shown by the solid line and
the steady state response by the dashed line.
° The difference between the two is the transient
response, which decays exponentially with time
at a rate depending on and &.
e After awhile, essentially the forced response
remains, and called steady state response
© The largest deformation peak may occur before
the system has reached steady state. 1), the solution of Eq. (10) becomes : ‘Considering only the steady state response, Eq. (12) & Eq.
(13.a,b),can be rewritten as :
sin(or 9)
Vv
fRatlo of the steady state amplitude, U to the static deflection
=F,/k) is known as the dynamic magnification factor, D : Exercise
The steel frame in the figure
supports a rotating machine
that exerts a horizontal force
at the girder level p(t) = 100
sin 4 t kg. Assuming 5% of
critical damping, determine :
(a) the steady-state
amplitude of vibration and
(b) the maximum dynamic
stress in the columns.
Assume the girder is rigid
W = 68 tons
WF 250.125
| = 4,050 cm*
E = 205.000 MPa Response To Periodic Excitation
A periodic function can be separated into its harmonic
components using Fourier Series
plt)=a, + Ya, cos(jeat)+ ¥ b, sin jas) (19)
mT
Where :
Af pie
plt}cost jens lt
Tb PUleost jour
[P rl)sin jeg Ide
Fee 1 bb Response to periodic force is given by :
u(t) = thi aoe Oar {[2;258)) + 6:1 — B?)] sin(jonr)
+ [a1 — 63) 5) 25 8))]cos(jooe)} (20) Example 38
The periodic force shown in Fig, E3.8a is defined by
Po O
