BUSINESS STATISTICS

UNIT – I
(INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS STATISTICS)
SAMPLE QUESTIONS

PART – A (2 MARKS)
1. Define statistics.
2. What do you understand by raw data.
3. Write note on quantitative data and qualitative data.
4. What is mean by classification?
5. If the arithmetic mean of 14 observations 26, 12, 14, 15, x, 17, 9, 11, 18, 16,
28, 20, 22, 8 is 17. Find the missing observation.
6. List the components of a good table.
7. State the characteristics of good classification.
8. What are the limitations of statistics?
9. The mean monthly salary of 5 workers of a group is $1400. One more worker
whose monthly salary is $1550 has joined the group. Find the arithmetic mean
of the monthly salary of 6 workers of the group.
10. What is graph.

PART – B (5 MARKS)

11. Explain the scope of business statistics.

12. Differentiate:
a) Primary Data and Secondary data
b) Quantitative data and Qualitative data
13. Explain the various types of classification of data.
14. Explain the rules regarding construction of table.
15. Differentiate classification and tabulation.

PART – C (5 MARKS)
16. Explain the various types of diagrams and graphs in detail.
17. Explain the methods and sources in data collection.
18. Prepare a blank table to show the exports from three companies X,Y,Z to five
countries Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Dubai, Muscat in each of the years
2001,2002,2003.
19. Represent the following data by a suitable diagram
a) Following table shows the monthly expenditure of a firm. Represent the
data using Simple bar diagram.
Item Rent Salary to staff Electricity Misc.
Expenditure RS. 3000 Rs. 10,000 Rs. 2000 Rs. 5000

b) Represent the following data using multiple bar diagrams.

year 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Total Proceeds(.Rs) 22 27 29 31 35
Total cost(.Rs) 19 21 26 28 31

c) Represent the following data using sub-divided and percentage bar

diagrams
Income Rent Food Cloth Education saving Misc.
Family A 250 400 200 100 150 300
Family B 300 500 250 250 100 200

d) Draw a pie diagram to represent the following population in a town.

Males Females Girls Boys Total
2000 1800 4200 2000 10000

20. Represent the following data by a suitable graph.

a) Construct a histogram, Frequency Curve and Frequency polygon curve.
Marks 21-47 28-34 35-41 42-48 49-55 56-62 63-69
students 2 3 10 18 15 5 6

b) Determine the median for the following data graphically (Ogive).

Weight 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54
Students 6 8 12 9 5

c) Draw a Lorenz curve from the following data to study the extent of
dispersion graphically.
 Salary 100 150 200 250 300
workers 20 10 8 10 2

BUSINESS STATISTICS
UNIT – II
(MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCY)
SAMPLE QUESTIONS

PART – A (2 MARKS)

1. What is frequency distribution and tally marks. construct the frequency table
for The test scores of 20 students be as follows: 23, 26, 11, 18, 09, 21, 23, 30,
22, 11, 21, 20, 11, 13, 23, 11, 29, 25, 26, 26.
2. Define mean, median, mode.
3. Write note on:
a) Geometric mean
b) Harmonic mean
4. Calculate mean, median, mode for the following data
70,60,75,90,65,80,42,65,72
5. Compute geometric mean and harmonic mean for the following data
82,93,50,54,72
6. The mean height of 25 male workers in a factory is 61 cm and the mean
height of 35 female workers in the same factory is 58 cm. Find the combined
mean height of 60 workers in the factory.
7. Define range and calculate the range and coefficient of range from the
following data: 27, 32, 16, 15, 10, 30, 15, 29, 19, 35
8. Calculate the upper quartile (Q3), Percentile and decile from the following
data.
Class limits 0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25
Frequency 7 18 25 30 20
9. Define standard deviation. Compute the standard deviation for following data.
1,5,4,2,3,8,6,2,8
10. Coefficient of variation of distributions is 58, their standard deviation is 21.2.
what are their arithmetic mean.

PART – B (5 MARKS)

11. Calculate the Mean, Median, Mode for the following distribution.
x 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40 40-45
f 3 6 10 20 15 5 4 2

12. Calculate the mode from the following data.

x 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
f 7 11 17 15 14 10 11

13. Calculate the geometric mean and harmonic mean

Class 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50
Frequency 5 7 15 25 8

14. Find the standard deviation of the following distribution

Age 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40 40-45 45-50
persons 170 110 80 45 40 35

15. Calculate the range and its coefficient for following:

x 4 6 8 10 12
f 15 25 12 36 30

PART – C (5 MARKS)

16. Calculate Karl pearson’s coefficient of skewness from the data given below
Measurement 11 12 13 14 15
Frequency 3 9 6 4 3

17. Find bowler’s coefficient of skewness for the following frequency distribution.
 Children 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Families 7 10 16 25 18 11 8

18. Calculate:
a) Mean deviation about the mean and about the median and its coefficient
b) Quartile deviation
Size 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
frequency 2 2 4 5 3 2 1 1

19. Calculate Standard deviation and its coefficient of variance from the data
given below
Marks 11 12 13 14 15
students 3 9 6 4 3

20. Explain the following:

a) Explain Averages and various measures of averages
b) Explain dispersion and various measures of dispersion.
c) Explain Skewness and various methods of skewness
 BUSINESS STATISTICS
UNIT – III
CORRELATION AND REGRESSION
SAMPLE QUESTIONS

PART – A (2 MARKS)
1. Define correlation.
2. Define regression.
3. Write an equation for regression line X on Y
4. State the interpretation of correlation coefficient.
5. Write formula to calculate repeated rank correlation.
6. The coefficient of correlation is between -1 and +1. Express it arithmetically.
7. When is the rank correlation method used?
8. Coefficient of correlation between X and Y is 0.3. Their covariance is 9. The
variance of X is 16. Find the standard devotion of Y series.
9. What are the properties of regression coefficient?
10. Write an formula for correlation and rank correlation.

PART – B (5 MARKS)

11. Differentiate between Correlation and Regression.

12. Explain uses of correlation and its types in detail..
13. From the following data, compute the rank correlation.
X 82 68 75 61 68 73 85 68
Y 81 71 71 68 62 69 80 70

14. a) There are two series of index numbers, P for price index and S for stock of
commodity. The mean and standard deviation of P are 100 and 8 and S are 103
and 4 respectively. The correlation coefficient between the two series is 0.4.
With these data, work out a linear equation to read off values of P for various
 values of S. Can the same equation be used to read off values of S for various
values of P?

15. From the following information find regression equations and estimate the
production when the capacity utilisation is 70%

Average (Mean) Standard Deviation

Production (in lakh units) 42 12.5
Capacity Utilisation (%) 88 8.5
Correlation Coefficient (r) 0.72

PART – C (10 MARKS)

16. Find out spearman’s coefficient of correlation between the two kinds of
assessment of graduate students’ performance in a college.

17. Find the two regression equation of X on Y and Y on X from the following data:
X : 10 12 16 11 15 14 20 22
Y : 15 18 23 14 20 17 25 28

18. Find Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation between capital employed and
profit obtained from the following data.

19. A computer while calculating the correlation coefficient between the variable X
and Y obtained the following results: N = 30; ∑X = 120 ∑X2 = 600 ∑Y = 90 ∑Y2
= 250 ∑XY = 335 It was, however, later discovered at the time of checking that
it had copied down two pairs of observations as: (X, Y) : (8, 10) (12, 7) While
the correct values were: (X, Y) : (8, 12) (10, 8) Obtain the correct value of the
correlation coefficient between X and Y.
20. From following information find the correlation coefficient between
advertisement expenses and sales volume using Karl Pearson’s coefficient of
correlation method.

BUSINESS STATISTICS
UNIT – IV
INDEX NUMBER
SAMPLE QUESTIONS

PART – A (2 MARKS)

1. What is index number?

2. State the uses of Index Number.
3. Mention the classification of Index Number.
4. State the uses of Cost of Living Index Number.
5. Define Family Budget Method.
6. List the types of index number.
7. Write note on base year and current year.
8. Define Time Reversal Test.
9. Explain Factor Reversal Test.
10. State the test of adequacy of index number.

PART – B (5 MARKS)
11. Explain the problems in construction of index number.
12. State the merits and demerits of weighted and unweighted index number.
13. Calculate by a suitable method, the index number of price, Quantity and
value from the following data:
Commodity 2002 2012
Price Quantity Price Quantity
A 10 20 16 10
B 12 34 18 42
C 15 30 20 26
14. From the following data construct an index for 1995 taking 1994 as base
year by the average of relatives methods
commodities Prices in 1994 (.Rs) Prices in 1995 (.Rs)
A 100 140
B 80 120
C 160 180
D 220 240
E 40 40

15. From the following data compute price index by applying weighted average
of price relatives method .
commodities p0 (.Rs) q0 p1(.Rs)
Sugar 6.0 40 kg 8.0
Flour 3.0 80 kg 3.2
Milk 2.0 20 ltr 3.0

PART – C (10 MARKS)

16. Compute (i) Laspeyre’s (ii) Paasche’s (iii) Fisher’s Index iv) Bowley’s
index numbers for the 2010 from the following data.
Commodity Price(.rs) Quantity (kg)
2000 2010 2000 2010
A 12 14 18 16
B 15 16 20 15
C 14 15 24 20
D 12 12 29 23

17. Calculate Fisher’s index number to the following data. Also show that it
satisfies Factor Reversal Test and Time Reversal Test.
Commodity 2016 2017
Price(.rs) Quantity (kg) Price(.rs) Quantity (kg)
Food 40 12 65 14
Fuel 72 14 78 20
Clothing 36 10 36 15
Wheat 20 6 42 4
Others 46 8 52 6

18. Construct the cost of living Index number for 2015 on the basis of 2012
from the following data using family budget method
19. Calculate the cost of living index by aggregate expenditure method

20. Using Fisher’s Ideal Formula, compute price index number for 1999 with
1996 as base year, given the following:
 BUSINESS STATISTICS
UNIT – V
TIME SERIES
SAMPLE QUESTIONS

PART – A (2 MARKS)

1. Define time series.

2. State the uses of time series.
3. List the components of time series.
4. Mention the merits and demerits of free hand /graphic method
5. Mention the merits and demerits of semi-averages method
6. Mention the merits and demerits of moving average method
7. list the various methods in measurement of trends
8. write note on secular trend.
9. What is seasonal and cyclical variations.
10. Explain irregular or erratic variations.

PART – B (5 MARKS)

11. Explain the components of time series in detail

12. Fit a trend line by the method of freehand method for the given data.
13. Fit a trend line by the method of semi-averages for the given data.

14. Fit a trend line by the method of semi-averages for the given data.

15. Calculate three-yearly moving averages of number of students studying in a

higher secondary school in a particular village from the following data.

PART – C (10 MARKS)

16. Explain the procedures to calculate

a) Free Hand / Graph method
b) Semi average method
b) Moving average method
c) Least square method
17. Explain methods and components of time series analysis in detail
18. Calculate four-yearly moving averages of number of students studying in

a higher secondary school in a particular city from the following data.

19. Given below are the data relating to the production of sugarcane in a district.Fit
a straight line trend by the method of least squares and tabulate the trend
values.

20. Given below are the data relating to the sales of a product in a district. Fit a
straight line trend by the method of least squares and tabulate the trend values.