 Problem:

. The lead screw of a lathe has Acme threads of 8 mm outside diameter and 2 mm pitch. The
screw must exert an axial pressure of 250 N in order to drive the tool carriage. The thrust is
carried on a collar 20 mm outside diameter and 9 mm inside diameter and the lead screw rotates at
20 r.p.m. Determine (a) the power required to drive the screw; and (b) the efficiency of the lead
screw. Assume a coefficient of friction of 0.15 for the screw and 0.12 for the collar

Solution:
1 calculate tangential force P required at the circumference of the screw,

2 calculate torque required to operate the screw

3 calculate speed of nut with which it will rotate cross-pounding to lead screw

4 calculate angular speed

5 find power of motor

Calculation

calculating tangential force P required at the circumference of the screw so that the torqure required
to move the load could be found

W [ tan α +tan φ 1 ] 250 [ 0.00796+ 0.155 ]

P= ¿ =40.79
[ 1− tan α tan φ 1 ] [ 1 −0.00796 (0.155) ]

tan φ1=u 1=0.15

p 2
tan α= =¿ =0.007961783
πd π ⤬8
p 2
d=do – = ¿ 8 – =7
2 2
For acme 2 β=29 degree = 14.5 degree

W= total load on the screw

u 1= coefficient of friction of lead screw
α= helix angle of thread
p = pitch of screw
d= mean diameter
Tangential force which is required at the circumference of screw to move the load is found above so
that the minimum torque which can provide that amount of force could be found as done below.

Calculating Torque required to overcome friction between nut and screw:

d 8
T 1=P ⤬ =40.79 ⤬ = 163.16
2 2

P = tangential force
d = d= mean diameter
Torque T1 is found by using tangential force founded above and mean diameter of lead screw to
overcome the friction between nut and screw. This is the torque required to overcome inner
friction for load applied.

Calculating Torque required to overcome friction between collar so that load does not
rotate with screw:

T 2=u 2⤬ W ⤬ R ¿ 0.12 ⤬250⤬ 14.5 = 435

R 1+ R 2 20+9
R= ¿ = 14.5
2 2
u2= coefficient of friction for the collar
W = total load on the screw
R1=distance from screw axis to thrust inner radius
R2= distance from screw axis to thrust outer radius
R= mean
T2 is the Torque required to overcome friction between collar and screw because collar has its
own coefficient of friction so this torque is necessary to find overall torque to move the load.

T =T 1+T 2 ¿ 163 .16 +¿ 435 = 598.16 N.mm = 0.598Nm

T1=Torque required to overcome friction between nut and screw

T2=Torque required to overcome friction between collar and screw
T= total torque required at lead screw to move the combined load without rotating

Calculating power of motor :

2π N
power of motor =T ⤬ ω =T ⤬ = 1.25W
60

2 πN
ω= rad /sec
60
v
N=rotation of nut=
P
T= Total torque required to move the load
ω= angular velocity of screw
mm
v = linear velocity of nut in mm
min
P = Pitch of screw in mm

Power of motor could easily be determined for the required load to move by just inserting the
velocity with which the user or designer wants the load to move.

Calculating Efficiency

ɳ=
[ Wtanα ⤬
d
2 ]= T0
=¿
8
[250 0.00796 ⤬ ]/1000
2 = 0.0133=1.33%
d T
P +u 2WR 0.598
2

ɳ=Torque required ¿ move theload ,neglecting friction ¿ move theload , including screw∧c
Torque required ¿

W = load applied
α = helix angle of thread
d = mean diameter
P = tangential force or pitch
u2 = coefficient of friction for collar
Thousand is divided because denominator was in meters.