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Learners With Exceptionalities

The document defines learners with exceptionalities as individuals whose physical, behavioral, or cognitive performance differs significantly from the norm and requires additional services. It distinguishes between disability, referring to functional limitations, and handicap, referring to societal limitations imposed on those with disabilities. It then provides descriptions of various types of exceptionalities including mental retardation, giftedness, physical disabilities, visual disabilities, hearing disabilities, learning disabilities, emotional/behavioral disorders, speech disorders, autism, and concludes with definitions of special education and inclusive education.

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88 views18 pages

Learners With Exceptionalities

The document defines learners with exceptionalities as individuals whose physical, behavioral, or cognitive performance differs significantly from the norm and requires additional services. It distinguishes between disability, referring to functional limitations, and handicap, referring to societal limitations imposed on those with disabilities. It then provides descriptions of various types of exceptionalities including mental retardation, giftedness, physical disabilities, visual disabilities, hearing disabilities, learning disabilities, emotional/behavioral disorders, speech disorders, autism, and concludes with definitions of special education and inclusive education.

Uploaded by

Compilation of Powerpoints GenPsych & Teaching Prof
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Learners with

exceptionalities
John Daniel S. Llacuna
BSED- BS3A
Enter title
Who are learners with
exceptionalities?

 The term learners with exceptionalities refers to individuals whose physical, behavioral, or
cognitive performance is so different from the norm that additional services are required to
meet the individual’s needs. Disability and handicap are not interchangeable terms. Disability
refers to a functional limitation a person has that interferes with the person’s physical or
cognitive performance, like ADHD, whereas handicap refers to a limitation imposed upon a
person with a disability by society, such as lack of access for people in wheelchairs.
Defining different types of
Disabilities/Impairments
Enter title
Mental retardation

 refers to substantial limitations in present functioning characterized by significantly sub-


average intellectual performance and limitations in a number (two or more) of adaptive living
skills, such as home living or social skills.
Enter title
Giftedness

Gifted children possess demonstrated


or potential abilities that give
evidence of high performance
capabilities in areas such as
intellectual, creative, academic, or
leadership ability or visual or
performing art. For that reason, these
children require activities or services
not provided ordinarily by schools.
Gifted and talented children tend to be
highly motivated, learn to read early,
and perform well academically.
Enter title
Physical disabilities

This can include any of a number


of disabilities, such as orthopedic
impairments (e.g., clubfoot or
cerebral palsy) or other health
impairments like asthma,
hemophilia, or lead poisoning.
Enter title
Visual disabilities

Visual disabilities can be divided


into low vision and blindness.
Individuals with low vision can
function but with assistance of
optical or non-optical devices and
environmental modifications and/
or techniques. Blindness refers to
being without functional use of
vision and reliance on other
sensory systems for education.
Enter title
Hearing Disabilities

Hearing disability can be sub-


divided into hard of hearing or
profoundly hard of hearing or deaf.
People in the latter two groups
cannot rely on audition as a
primary avenue for assessing
information, even with the use of
hearing aids. Those classified
under the former rubric can
process auditory information,
usually with help of a hearing aid.
Enter title
Learning Disabilities

Learning disability refers to a


disorder in one or more of the basic
psychological processes in the
understanding or using of language,
written or spoken, which may
manifest itself in difficulty
performing basic tasks like
arithmetic, reading, writing, spelling,
or attention. .
Enter title
Emotional/behavioral
disorder
The term emotional/behavioral disorder refers to a condition lasting
an extended period of time and to a marked degree adversely
affects a child’s educational performance. It has the characteristics
of an inability to learn, inexplicable by health, intellectual, or sensory
factors; inability to build or sustain satisfactory interpersonal
relationships with peers or teachers; inappropriate behaviors
displayed under normal circumstances; pervasive mood of
unhappiness or depression; and a tendency to develop physical
(sympathetic) symptoms of fears associated with personal and
school problems. Schizophrenia is one example, as are anxiety and
mood disorders.
Enter title
Speech Disorder

People with speech problems can


understand language code (rules
governing word construction,
meaning, grouping, and pragmatics)
but are nevertheless unable to
communicate with clarity due to
stuttering or rough, hoarse, or nasal-
sounding voices.
Language problems relate to
language code. They are either
expressive or receptive.
Enter title
Autism

Autism refers to a developmental


disability affecting verbal and non-
verbal communication and social
interaction. Autism is generally
apparent prior to the age of three and
is characterised by repetitive
behaviors, difficulty adapting to new
environments, and unusual responses
to sensory stimulation.
Kinds of education for
this?
Enter title
Special Education

Special education is defined as


programs that address the needs of
students with mental, emotional, or
physical disabilities.
Enter title
Inclusive education

Inclusion refers to the practice of


educating students with disabilities
in a general education setting,
bringing support services to the
student instead of removing
students with disabilities from
general education settings.
CONCLUSION

What have you learned


from this topic?
THANK YOU

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