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Rih Act 2

1. Jose Marco was the most successful conman in Philippine history because he was able to convince many Filipinos to believe his fraudulent stories about Philippine history through forgeries like the "Code of Kalantiaw" and "La Loba Negra of Padre Borgus." 2. During the Marcos administration, there were alleged hoaxes like claims of Marcos' war medals and achievements being exaggerated propaganda as well as the "Tasaday tribe" being exposed as paid actors. Historians used internal criticism to investigate the credibility and accuracy of documents related to these claims. 3. This documentary imparts the lesson that we must be cautious of fake news and double check the reliability of

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61 views

Rih Act 2

1. Jose Marco was the most successful conman in Philippine history because he was able to convince many Filipinos to believe his fraudulent stories about Philippine history through forgeries like the "Code of Kalantiaw" and "La Loba Negra of Padre Borgus." 2. During the Marcos administration, there were alleged hoaxes like claims of Marcos' war medals and achievements being exaggerated propaganda as well as the "Tasaday tribe" being exposed as paid actors. Historians used internal criticism to investigate the credibility and accuracy of documents related to these claims. 3. This documentary imparts the lesson that we must be cautious of fake news and double check the reliability of

Uploaded by

zherlyn mendoza
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Mendoza Zherlyn D.

FINMGT 3104

Activity 2
History with Lourd: Greatest Hoaxes in Philippine History

Answer the following question.

1. Why did Jose Marco became the most successful Conman in the study of Philippine History?

Jose E. Marco is a collector of the previous article and document. He was entitled as the greatest
conman of the Philippines. His forgeries were exceedingly crudely done, almost childishly, and full with
weird stories, anachronisms, and contradictions. Among the fake stories he had were "The Code of
Kalantiaw" and "La Loba Negra of Padre Borgus." According to him, the Kalantiaw code, is the written
law of the Datu Kalantiaw tribe, was discovered in Aklan in 1433. This is a system of rules recognizes as
regulating the actions of its members. It includes the list of the penalties enforce for breaking the Law.
Including tying the culprit to a large rock and letting him drown in the sea or letting them die in boiling
water. The historian considered Jose Marco's Kalantiaw code to be a forgery. The Kalantiaw's narrative was
not connected to the specific year and location of the alleged Kalantiaw. He also penned the forgery La
Loba Negra. He stated that Padre Burgos wrote this story, which deals with government corruption. He
also stated that Governor Heneral Bustamante's wife was transformed into a black she-wolf every night
and killed who killed her husband for revenge. Furthermore, this La Loba Negra is fake and made up by
Jose Marco. Schumacher was able to produce side-by-side comparisons of Burgos’ authentic signature
and handwriting with the sloppy penmanship and poor Spanish of Jose Marco. Moreover, Jose Marco is
the most successful conman in the study of Philippine history because he was able to make almost
everyone believe his frauds during that time. He made every Filipino believed on his own lies about our
own history.

2.What are the hoaxes during Marcos administration? What kind of historical criticism did historian use
to uncover those hoaxes?

Ferdinand Marcos was the 10th President of the Philippines. He was a Filipino politician, lawyer, and
dictator who ruled under martial law for a decade. During the Marcos administration, there were hoaxes,
allegedly. One of these hoaxes was former President Marcos' achievements and medals. Marcos is known

as a war hero for his excellent achievements with 30 medals. But according to the historian, this is a fake
and only used as part of propaganda. It was exposed to be fake in the tabloid named "We Forum", but
later on it was closed and cannot be accessed. Meanwhile, his being a war hero was also exposed as a
fake. According to the US Military, there were no records of Marcos that he had led a guerrilla or the
Maharlika in World War II. It is suspected that he only uses his achievements to capture the interest and
have a good reputation with the people of the Philippines.

In addition, the tribe of Tasaday is also allegedly a hoax story during Marcos administration. This
tribe was discovered in 1971 in Cotabato by Emmanuel Elizalde. It is a tribe and part of the etic group with
no contact with the world. Before, they considered it the Stone Age. They use different stone tools and live
in caves, which portray their original culture. Emmanuel Elizade was one of the friends of Marcos. He asked
for permission to close and preserve the way of life of the Tasaday. But after the Ferdinand Marcos regime,
Elizalde left the country. That’s when other scientists and researchers had the opportunity to explore and
expose the Tasaday tribe. The Tasaday were considered a hoax, a group of paid actors that paraded
around the forest wearing leaves.

The historical criticism that is used by historians to uncover those hoaxes is called internal criticism.
The historian investigates the content of the documents of the US Military in terms of being a war hero of
Ferdinand Marcos. They also look for a deeper and more intense study of the sources. It involves
investigating the content or substance of a document and the author’s point of view. Furthermore, it tests
the credibility of the source by if it's true or not, in order to ascertain its credibility.

3. What lesson did this documentary impart specially in relation with the spread of fake news?

There is a lot to be learnt about the transmission of fake news. Fake news circulates around the
world, particularly on the internet and social media. This documentary raises awareness of fake news and
hoax stories. We should be able to tell the difference between what is true and what is not. We must
always double-check the sources of publications and news. To establish whether the information is
authentic and reliable, we must look for the inaccuracy or counterfeit. Furthermore, our generation of
youth must be more cautious about the dissemination of fake news. We must be responsible enough to
disseminate the information. This information can have a variety of consequences in our life.

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