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Three Phase Power Measurement

This document describes measuring power in a three-phase circuit using two wattmeters. It explains that two wattmeters are connected such that one measures power between phases R and Y, and the other between phases B and Y. The readings from the two wattmeters are summed to calculate the total power in the three-phase circuit. Procedures are provided for measuring power under both balanced and unbalanced load conditions. Connections are made to allow varying the loads to collect multiple data points.

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Mohamed Abohassan
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54 views

Three Phase Power Measurement

This document describes measuring power in a three-phase circuit using two wattmeters. It explains that two wattmeters are connected such that one measures power between phases R and Y, and the other between phases B and Y. The readings from the two wattmeters are summed to calculate the total power in the three-phase circuit. Procedures are provided for measuring power under both balanced and unbalanced load conditions. Connections are made to allow varying the loads to collect multiple data points.

Uploaded by

Mohamed Abohassan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Three Phase Power

Measurement

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[Type the document subtitle] | Mohamed Abohassan


THEORY : -

ANALOG SIGNALS, NETWORK AND MEASUREMENT LABORATORY


Objective: Three phase power measurement by two wattmeter method.

[Fig 1: Connection diagram for three phase power measurement using two wattmeter method]
The connection diagram for the measurement of power in three phase power measurement circuit using two
wattmeter's method is shown in figure 1. This is irrespective of the circuit connection star or delta. The circuit
may be taken as balanced or unbalanced one, balanced type being only a special case. Please not the connection
of two wattmeter's. The current coil of the wattmeter's 1 and 2 in series with R and B phase with the pressure
voltage coils being connected across R-Y and B-Y respectively. Y is the third phase in which no current coil is
connected.

If star connected circuit is taken as an example the total instantaneous power consumed in the circuit is,
W=IRN⋅V(RN)+IYN⋅V(YN)+IBN⋅VBNW=IRN⋅V(RN)+IYN⋅V(YN)+IBN⋅VBN . . . (1)

Each of the terms in the above expression equation (1) is the instantaneous power consumed by the phases.
From the connection diagram, the circuit in and the voltages across the respective (current, pressure or voltage)
coils in the wattmeter, W1 are IRNIRN and VRY=VRN−VYNVRY=VRN-VYN.

So, the instantaneous power measured by the wattmeter W1 is W1=IRN⋅VRYW1=IRN⋅VRY.


Similarly the instantaneous power measured by the
wattmeter W2 is . W2=IBN⋅VBY=IBN⋅(VBN−VYN)W2=IBN⋅VBY=IBN⋅(VBN-VYN)

Some of the two readings as given above is,


Equation (1) is compared with equation (3) to give the total instantaneous power consumed in the circuit . They
are found to be same. The phasor diagram of three phase balanced star connected circuit is shown in figure 2.

[Fig 2: Phasor diagram of three phase balanced star connected circuit]

PROCEDURE :-

Fig. 1. Three phase power measurement circuit under balance condition


1. Connect the circuit as shown in Fig. 1.
2. Adjust the ganged rheostat for the maximum resistance.
3. Switch on the supply.
4. Close switch S1S1.
5. Read the meters to obtain VL,I1,I2VL,I1,I2 and I3I3. Note the wattmeter
reading W1W1 and W2W2(Note the multiplying factor on the wattmeter).
6. Vary the load resistance and obtain at least five sets of observations, the current
should not exceed the limit (4.1 A).

UNBALANCED LOAD :

Fig. 2. Three phase power measurement circuit under unbalance condition.

Connect the circuit as shown in Fig. 2.


1. Replace the ganged rheostat by three separate rheostats of 26 Ω, 4.1 A and
connect in a star.
2. Adjust the three rheostats at the maximum values.
3. Switch on the supply and set the autotransformer to 110 V.
4. Close switch S1 and take five sets of observation for different rheostat settings
such that the reading of I1I1, I2I2and I3I3 in each set is appreciably different to
create unbalanced loading condition. The current should not exceed the limits
in each arm.
5 .Close switch S1 and take five sets of observation for different rheostat settings such that
the reading of I1I1, I2I2and I3I3 in each set is appreciably different to create unbalanced
loading condition. The current should not exceed the limits in each arm.

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