1119/2 WRITING COHESIVE DEVICES A. ASSESSMENT SCALE FOR ORGANISATION SCORE PART 3 PART 2 PART 1 ‘Text is well-organised and coherent, using a variety of cohesive devices with generally good effect. Text is generally well-organised and coherent, using a variety of cohesive devices. Score: 5 Uses simple connectors and a limited number of cohesive devices appropriately. Score: 5 B. WHAT ARE COHESIVE DEVICES? You use cohesive devices to connect ideas between di There are three main types of cohesive devices: ifferent parts of a piece of writing. being discussed. food — bread ‘ohesive. 7 eg . Functions Examples Sentences evices @) To refer back to this, that, Alf went out to the playground. something previously | these, those, | He played on the side. Pronouns | mentioned. he, she, it, they : To replace words of | car» vehicle | A €4f Was seen leaving the crime ® the same meaning to scene. The vehicle was chased by a get the reader to stay member of the public. Synonyms | focused on the idea There was a lot of food, but she only late the bread. @ Connectors To link words, phrases and sentences. They | however, help to introduce the | therefore, reader to the relationship between | in addition, phrases, sentences _| also, but, and entire moreover paragraphs. Alif played on the slide. Later, he went on the swings. Rose was late because she took the bus. Nina was late, so she took the bus. Connectors are also called transition words, linking words, linkers, connectives or discourse markers.C. CONNECTORS: NOTES AND EXAMPLES Let's focus on CONNECTORS because there are so many of them to learn. They can be at the beginning, middle or end of a sentence. The words in bold are SIMPLE CONNECTORS. Task: Assign everyone in the class a number of connectors to work on their meanings in BM. Then share the findings. To Show Contrast Connector Meaning Sentence But | wanted to go swimming but | am so tired. The film received good ratings; however, it However/ was very long. Nonetheless The problems are not serious. Nonetheless, we shall need to tackle them soon. On the other | was eager to join them for the vacation but hand/ on the other hand, my exam dates were on the one hand getting closer. Remind them beforehand. Otherwise, they Otherwise might leave without taking the tickets. Unlike Joe loved hot chocolate, unlike Mat. Rini may not perform up to the mark in Conversely science subjects, but conversely, she is excellent in English. At the same time She felt guilty and depressed at the same time. inspite of In spite of heavy rainfall, he took out his Pi motorbike and headed towards the hospital. Despite She kept on arguing despite her mistake. Even though/ He could manage the cooking part even Although though that would not taste awesome. ; They are still here. Still/ Yet/ | have not confirmed it yet. Nevertheless What you said was right but nevertheless harsh. He had a headache but even so, he went to Even so pick her up.On the contrary Mother thought Din was studying but on the contrary, he was sleeping. In contrast In contrast with your belief that we will fail, | am confident that we will succeed. Whereas All of her daughters are engineers whereas the younger one chose to be a teacher. To Show Cause & Effect Connector Meaning Sentence Therefore | slept very late last night. Therefore, | missed the morning prayer. So The blue bag was full so he kept the packet in the yellow bag. Because He is looking for a necktie because he has an interview tomorrow. Thus He didn't work hard. Thus he was fired. Hence | fell off my bike yesterday, hence the bruises. It is very late; hence you must go to bed. The match got cancelled due to the heavy Due to. A rain. As a result As a result of the heavy rain, the match got cancelled. Consequently / as a consequence | got stuck in the traffic; consequently | missed the flight. Since Since she loves ice cream so much, | decided to give her an ice-cream printed dress. Seeing that Seeing that he was losing the fight, he started blaming her coach. On account of Both the siblings were mentally unstable on account of their disturbed childhood.To Show Sequence / Time Connector Meaning Sentence Later Later, it all got resolved. After He also left after the wife. Before You have to try before coming to a conclusion. Then Once you reach the office, then make a call to the supervisor. Next The next episode is going to be very interesting. Soon They are soon to graduate. Finally Finally, the war came to an end. Second/ Secondly Secondly, you have to manage the team. At first sight At first sight, he appeared to be very arrogant. . First, you should go to the washroom and take a First bath. First of all First of all, they are not my family and | cannot be held responsible for their immature behaviour. In the first In the first place, take care of the pets and then do place the rest of your work. To start with To start with, | asked her to tell us about her hobbies. Lastly Lastly, we had our dinner and left. And finally And finally, the day of the verdict came. In the meantime The next programme starts in ten minutes; in the meantime, here's some music. Meanwhile | went to college. Meanwhile, all my friends got well-paid jobs. Subsequently The East India Company came to India as traders and subsequently became the ruler.To Show Purpose Connector Meaning Sentence In order to In order to prove him wrong, he started shouting. So as to You have to study hard so as to improve your career. So that Give me your resume so that | can forward it to the right To Show Condition department. Connector Meaning Sentence It If you brush your teeth every day, you probably won't get Cavities. U Unless you really need me to, | can't take the time to help inless i you with your homework today. Since Since I'll be out of town, I'm looking for someone to feed To Show Illustration / Example my cat. Connector Meaning Sentence For example You can use any two colours — for example, red and yellow. For instance | like a few vegetables, for instance, potato and cabbage. Aerobic exercises, such as jogging and running, are good Such as for your stamina and heart. In this case In this case, emotion will matter more than logic. For one ‘Why don't you get a car?’ ‘Well, for one thing, | can't thing drive!’ To illustrate To illustrate my point, let me tell you a story.To Show Opinion Connector Meaning Sentence To tell the truth To tell the truth, | didn’t like the show at all. Personally The show must go on, personally I think so. To be honest To be honest, | don’t support the idea of destroying her career. | think that | think that you're being unfair. Itis true that It is true that a lot of hard work has been put in here but | really can't see any reflection of that. | agree | agree with her decision. As far as lam concerned As far as | am concerned, | am done with it. | disagree | disagree with the thought of buying a new car even because we already have two. From my point of view The sin is terrific from my point of view. To Show Clarification / Restatement Connector Meaning Sentence More or less There will be more or less 20 guests. In general Old People, in general, like to spend time with their grand children. . It's tough to sleep especially after the strong coffee Especially we took. All the women, in particular, have to be strong and In particular . determined. Essentiall An electric kettle is useful essentially for the winter Y months. Basically The cake is basically full of chocolates. In other words The problem, in other words, is that we have to rewrite the whole script. In short The outing, in short, could not lift up my mood.The idea behind the meeting is, above all, to make Above all the employees aware of the current financial crisis faced by the company. Atleast At least now when you know that we are here, you can jump in any day. In a nutshell Well, to put it in a nutshell, we're lost. To Show Emphasis Connector Meaning Sentence Also She was told to study and also to take care of the baby. Indeed It's very cold indeed. Of course Of course he would be ashamed to borrow often. Certainly Certainly, she has witnessed something cruel. Otherwise, she would not be so nervous. Specifically He specifically looked for a diamond-studded ring Significantly Her health was significantly improving. Notably Her academic career has been notably amazing. In tact She seemed rather aloof when in fact she was just shy. To Show Addition Connector Meaning Sentence As well as The sound, as well as the picture quality, is amazing. | introduced him to the other members and that's it, | had Further no further conversation. Johan came from swimming and then left for football and then 1 coaching. And He and other members went to the party. Too He too misbehaved in the class. In addition to In addition to the notes, the teacher also suggested some reference books for the preparation Not only — but We are not only harming the environment but also also becoming inhuman day by day.Or We can go to the movie or to the park. Besides/Apart from (that) The umbrella will protect you from the sun. Besides, it will also come handy if rainfall starts. Apart from / Other than Apart from the low salary, it’s not a bad job. On top of that On top of that, you will also get incentives Furthermore He was tired and hungry. Furthermore, he was ill. M You have to cook lunch and moreover that you also loreover ‘i have to go to the market in the evening. . What's more, now you have all that is required to have a What's more . wonderful vacation. We've completely redone our living room with hardwood In addition floors. In addition, we've put in new windows to bring in more light. Additionally We need to hire some programmers. Additionally, we'll Need to find someone to help out at the reception desk. To Show Comparison Connector Meaning Sentence AS ...as He is as good as his sister. Equally Both of them are equally talented. As if It seems as if they have cried a lot. We have chosen our group members, similarly, you can Similarly do that too. Comparable Today's weather is comparable with that of Kota Bharu. Like He was determined to get a high-rank job like his cousin. In like i manner All responded in like manner. way same Now do the rest of the drawing in the same way as | did. You can go to that Italian restaurant or alternatively you Alternatively can even choose the Mexican food counter on the opposite side of the road.To Show Conclusion Connector Meaning Sentence To conclude, students have to put more effort into To conclude their schoolwork. : In conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable In conclusion 1 - " and readily available form of exercise. In summary In summary, governments have many reasons for spending so much on defence. To sum up To sum up, some people are better suited to working from home than others. . Allin all, you have to make sure both you and your All in all ei customers are satisfied with your work. D. WHY DO WE NEED TO USE CONNECTORS IN OUR ESSAYS? Read the sentences below. 1. Suzi wants ice cream. She wants cake. U Suzi wants ice cream but she also wants cake. 2. | went to the beach. There were too many jellyfish. | decided to stay. | had a good time. | met some friends. | went to the beach. Although there were too many jellyfish, | decided to stay. | had a good time because | met some friends. With connectors, the sentences make logical connection!3. Paragraph Without Connectors Paragraph With Connectors Drawing is all about taking the time to master each step. Mastering the art of drawing does not happen in a day. It is a skill that takes daily practice, You need dedication to hone your craft. It is important not to burn yourself out. You need to stick with it. dia Drawing is all about taking the time to master each step.In other words, mastering the art of drawing does not happen in a day. Furthermore, it is a skill that takes daily practice as well as dedication to hone your craft. It is important not to burn yourself out, but you need to stick with it. Now, the paragraph has a better flow of ideas! Here are some practices. Practice 1 LEVEL 1 Complete the sentences with the correct connectors. 1. Your auntie is resting in the next room. So walk softly (A) soasto (B) in order to (C) soasnotto (D) so that you are so interested, | won't persuade you to give up. the agent before you purchase it. (A) If, In order (B) As, However (C) Unless, Though (D) Because of, So Tea should be served in every meeting (A) although (B) even if (C) as (D) so that disturb her. do check with the members will not be sleepy.10. she adds salt. she pours in the milk. she beats the eggs. (A) Before, Second, Third (B) After, So, Then (C) First, Secondly, Finally (D) Then, So, Finally The boys encountered lots of problems trying to get to the island. they managed to reach the island in time before the sharks came. (A) while, Nevertheless (B) during, Nevertheless (C) then, However (D) as, However Sheila has not bothered to tidy up her room her cousin came to stay. (A) then (B) since (C) as (D) in order her shortcomings, she is lucky to get the job. (A) However (B) Asa result (C)_ In view of (D) Consequently the monsoon season, the fishermen managed to obtain a good income. (A) Even (B) As (C) Although (D)_Inspite of Steven could not eat curry and could David (A) so (B) neither (C) either (D) but Mr. Lee and Mr. Abdullah came to the company the manager was not in. (A) As well as, and (B) Both, but (C) Although, and (D) Neither, but