ME3001D Dynamics of Machines

Theory of Vibrations
Lecture21_A-batch: Quiz 6
 A body of mass 10 kg is suspended from a helical spring having a stiffness of 2 N/mm. A damper having a
resistance of 5 N at a velocity of 0.1 m/sec is connected between the mass and the fixed end of the spring.
Determine the amplitude of body after 10 cycles if the initial amplitude is 15 mm.

1.882 х 10−4 mm

18.82 х 10−4 mm

8.812 х 10−4 mm

28.81 х 10−4 mm
 A mass of 7.5 kg hangs from a spring and makes damped oscillations. The time
for 60 oscillations is 35 secs and the ratio of first to seventh displacement is
found to be 2.5. Find damping resistance.
 The disc of a torsional pendulum has a moment of inertia of
600 kg-cm2 and is immersed in a viscous fluid. The brass
shaft attached to it is of 10 cm diameter and 40 cm long.
When the pendulum is vibrating, the observed amplitude on
the same side of the rest position for successive cycles are
9°, 6° and 4°. Determine the time period of vibration.
Assume for the brass shaft 𝐺 = 4.4 х 1010 N/m2 .

0.00148 sec

0.0148 sec

0.148 sec

1.48 sec
 A portion of an automobile suspension system consists of
an elastic spring and a viscous damper, as shown. If the
spring is chosen such that k/m = 40 sec-2, determine the
allowable range of the ratio c/m so that any oscillations that
occur will decay by a factor of 95% within 1 cycle.

≥ 5.444 sec −1

≤ 5.444 sec −1

≥ 4.544 sec −1

≤ 4.544 sec −1
 A free vibrations test is run to determine the stiffness and
damping properties of an elastic element. A 20-kg block is
attached to the element. The block is displaced 1 cm and
released. The resulting oscillations are monitored with the
results shown. Determine k and c for this element.

0.001

0.01

0.1

1.0
ME3001D Dynamics of Machines

Theory of Vibrations
Lecture21_B-batch: Quiz 6
 Overshoot for an underdamped system is defined as the maximum displacement of the a system at the end of
its first half cycle. What is the minimum damping ratio for a system such that it is subject to no more than 5
percent overshoot?

0.690

0.960

0.069

1.906
 A piston of mass 4.53 kg is travelling in a tube with a velocity of 15.24 m/s and
engages a spring and damper as shown. Determine the maximum displacement
of the piston after engaging the spring-damper. Ignore loss of energy during
collision.
 For the free vibration of an SDOF system, the amplitudes
1.403 mm and 1.326 mm are measured at 1.242 sec and
12.734 sec, respectively. Find the damping ratio ξ.

0.001

0.01

0.1

1.0
 The torsional pendulum with a disc of moment of inertia J =
0.05 kg-m2 immersed in a viscous fluid is shown. During
vibrations of pendulum, the observed amplitudes on the
same side of the neutral axis for successive cycles are found
to decay 50% of the initial value. Assume G = 4.5 х 1010
N/m2, d = 0.10 m, l = 0.50 m, M.I. of disc = 0.05 kg-m2.
Determine the time period of vibration.

0.001503 sec

0.01503 sec

0.1503 sec

1.503 sec
ME3001D Dynamics of Machines

Theory of Vibrations
Lecture22_A-batch: Quiz 7
 The response of a mass oscillating on a surface is measured to be
of the form indicated in Fig. The initial position is measured to be
30 mm from its zero rest position, and the final position is
measured to be 3.5 mmm from its zero rest position after four
cycles of oscillations in 1 sec. Determine the coefficient of friction.
 The block is displaced 10 mm and released. How many cycles of
motion will be executed?
 The block is displaced 25 mm and released. It is observed that the
amplitude decreases 1.2 mm each cycle. What is the coefficient of
friction between the block and the surface?
 A mass m is suspended from a spring of stiffness 4000 N/m
and is subjected to a harmonic force having an amplitude of
100 N and a frequency of 5 Hz. The amplitude of the forced
motion of the mass is observed to be 20 mm. Find the value
of m.

9.12 kg

1.01 kg

2.82 kg

3.03 kg
195.2 rad/s > 𝜔 > 256.5 rad/s

195.2 rad/s < 𝜔 < 256.5 rad/s

295.1 rad/s < 𝜔 < 526.5 rad/s

295.1 rad/s > 𝜔 > 526.5 rad/s

 An engine weighing 1000 N including reciprocating parts is
mounted on springs. The weights of the reciprocating parts
is 22 N and the stroke is 90 mm. The engine speed is 720
rpm. Neglecting damping, find the stiffness of the springs,
so that the force transmitted to the foundation is 5% of the
amplitude force.
27.59 N/m
29.57 N/m

25.79 N/m
57.29 N/m
 Consider the system with the following data: k1 = k2 = 5000 N/m,
a = 0.25 m, b = 0.5 m, l = 1 m, M = 50 kg, m = 10 kg, F0 = 500 N,
ω = 1000 rpm. Find the amplitude of the steady-state response for
rotational motion about the hinge O.
−8.57 10−4 rad
−5.87 10−4 rad
−7.87 10−4 rad

−5.78 10−3 rad

ME3001D Dynamics of Machines

Theory of Vibrations
Lecture22_B-batch: Quiz 7
 An experiment is run to determine the kinetic coefficient of
friction between a block and a surface. The block is attached to a
spring and displaced 150 mm from equilibrium. It is observed that
the period of motion is 0.5 s and that the amplitude decreases by
10 mm on successive cycles. Determine the coefficient of friction
(𝜇𝑘 ) and the number of half cycles (n) until the oscillation stops.

(𝜇𝑘 , 𝑛) = (0.04, 30)

(𝜇𝑘 , 𝑛) = (0.04, 15)

(𝜇𝑘 , 𝑛) = (0.08, 30)

(𝜇𝑘 , 𝑛) = (0.08, 15)

 A 5 kg mass is placed at the end of a 300 mm long steel beam as
shown. The Young’s modulus of elasticity of the steel is 200 Gpa and
the moment of inertia of the beam is 10-1 m4. When the system is
excited by a harmonic force of 150 N, an amplitude of 0.5 mm is
observed. Find the frequency of excitation.

323.18 rad/s

124.72 rad/s

210.82 rad/s

183.32 rad/s
 A mass m is suspended from a spring of stiffness 4000 N/m
and is subjected to a harmonic force having an amplitude of
100 N and a frequency of 5 Hz. The amplitude of the forced
motion of the mass is observed to be 20 mm. Find the value
of m.

9.82 kg

1.01 kg

2.82 kg

3.03 kg
 A weight of 50 N is suspended from a spring of stiffness
4000 N/m and is subjected to a harmonic force of amplitude
60 N and frequency 6 Hz. Find the amplitude of forced
motion of the weight.

0.0185 m
0.0150 m

0.0125 m

0.0285 m
ME3001D Dynamics of Machines

Theory of Vibrations
Lecture23_B-batch: Quiz 8
 Consider the electric motor shown in Figure. The output of the
motor is connected to two shafts whose opposite ends are fixed.
The motor provides a harmonic drive torque directed along the
direction of the unit vector k. This torque has a magnitude Mo =
100 N.m and the driving frequency ω is 475 rad/s. The rotary
inertia of the electric motor Jo is 0.020 kg.m2, the torsional stiffness
of the shafts are kt1 = 2500 N.m/rad and kt2 = 3000 N.m/rad, and the
overall damping experienced by the rotor can be quantified in terms
of a torsional damper with the damping coefficient ct = 1.25
N.m.s/rad. Determine the amplitude and the phase of the steady-
state response.

(𝜇𝑘 , 𝑛) = (0.04, 30)

(𝜇𝑘 , 𝑛) = (0.04, 15)

(𝜇𝑘 , 𝑛) = (0.08, 30)

(𝜇𝑘 , 𝑛) = (0.08, 15)

 A mass of 10 kg suspended from one end of helical spring, the other end is fixed. The
stiffness of spring is 10 N/mm. The viscous damping causes the amplitude to decrease 1/10th
of initial value in four complete oscillations (for free vibration). If a periodic force of
150 sin 50𝑡 N is applied at the mass with vertical direction, find the amplitude of forced
vibration.

4.1
 For a vibrating system, m = 10 kg, k = 2500 N/m, and c = 45 N.s/m. A harmonic force of amplitude 180 N and
frequency 3.5 Hz acts on the mass. If the initial displacement and velocity of the mass are 15 mm and 5 m/s, find
the steady-state amplitude and phase angle.

9.82 kg

1.01 kg

2.82 kg

3.03 kg
 A machine part of mass 1.95 kg vibrates in a viscous medium. A harmonic exciting force of
24.46 N results in a resonant amplitude of 1.27 cm with a period of 0.2 s. The excitation
frequency is 4 cps. What will be the increase in the amplitude of forced vibration when the
dashpot is removed?

0.0185 m
0.0150 m

0.0125 m

0.0285 m
 A spring-mass is excited by a force 𝐹0 cos 𝜔𝑡. At resonance, the
amplitude is measure to be 0.58 cm. At 0.8 resonant frequency, the
amplitude is measured to be 0.46 cm. Determine the damping
factor of the system.
 A machine of total mass 200 kg is supported on springs of total stiffness 16,000 N/cm has an
unbalanced rotating element which results in a distributing force 800 N at a speed of 3,000
rpm. Assuming ξ = 0.2, determine the force transmitted to the foundation.
4.8
 A vibrating system having mass 1 kg is suspended by a spring of stiffness 1000 N/m and it is
put to harmonic excitation of 10 N. assuming viscous damping, determine the frequency
corresponding to the peak amplitude. Take damping coefficient = 40 N.s/m.
 The vibrations of the platform of railway station are periodic at the frequency of 12 – 50 Hz. A
vibration measuring instrument is to be installed on some foundation independent of the
platform. The small foundation is supported by four identical springs resting on the platform.
The total mass of the instrument and foundation is 50 kg. What is the maximum value of
spring stiffness, if the amplitude of transmitted force is less than 10% of the platform vibration
over the given frequency range. Take the damping factor as 0.2. System is treated as single
degree of freedom,
ME3001D Dynamics of Machines

Theory of Vibrations
Lecture23_A-batch: Quiz 8
 A weight attached to a spring of stiffness 525 N/m has a viscous damping device. When the weight is displaced
and released, the period of vibration is 1.80 s, and the ratio of consecutive amplitudes is 4.2 to 1.0. Determine the
amplitude and phase when a force 𝐹 = 2 sin 3𝑡 acts on the system.

0.797 cm, 51.43°

 A vibratory body of mass 150 kg supported on springs of total stiffness 1050 kN/m has a
rotating unbalance force of 525 N at a speed of 6000 rpm. If the damping factor is 0.3,
determine the actual force transmitted.
43.575 N
 A machine part of mass 4 kg vibrates in a viscous medium. A harmonic exciting force of 40 N acts on the
machine and causes a resonant amplitude of 15 mm with a period of 0.2 second. If the system is excited by a
harmonic force of frequency 4 Hz, what will be the percentage increase in the amplitude of forced vibration
when damper is removed.
4.2 80.13 %
 A refrigerator unit having a mass of 35 kg is to be supported on three springs, each having a
stiffness k unit, operates at 480 rpm. Find the stiffness value k if only 10% of the shaking
force is allowed to be transmitted to the supporting structure.
4.5 2.68 N/mm
 A machine of mass 25 kg is placed on an elastic foundation. A sinusoidal force of magnitude
25 N is applied to the machine. A frequency sweep reveals that the maximum steady-state
amplitude of 1.3 mm occurs when the period of response is 0.22 s. Determine the equivalent
stiffness and damping ratio of the foundation.

28 N/mm, 0.368

28 N/mm, 0.93
 A body of mass 70 kg is suspended from a spring which deflects 2 cm under the load. It is
subjected to a damping effect adjusted to a value 0.23 times that required for critical
damping. If the body is subjected to a periodic disturbing force of 700 N and of frequency
equal to 0.78 times the natural undamped frequency, find the amplitude of forced vibrations
and the phase difference with respect to the disturbing force.
38.38 mm, 42.49°
 A spring-mass-damper system is subjected to a harmonic force. The amplitude is
found to be 20 mm at resonance and 10 mm at a frequency 0.75 times the
resonant frequency. Find the damping ratio of the system.
 For a vibrating system m = 10 kg, k = 2500 N/m, and c = 45 N.s/m. A harmonic
force of amplitude 180 N and frequency 3.5 Hz acts on the mass. If the initial
displacement and velocity of the mass are 15 mm and 5 m/s, find the steady-
state amplitude and the phase difference with respect to the disturbing force.

70.95 mm, −22.96°

ME3001D Dynamics of Machines

Theory of Vibrations
Lecture24_A-batch: Quiz 9
 The springs of an automobile trailer are compressed 10.16 cm under its weight. Find the critical speed when
the trailer is traveling over a road with a profile approximated by a sine wave of amplitude 7.62cm and
wavelength of 14.63m. What will be the amplitude of vibration at 64.4km/h? (Neglect damping).
 An automobile trailer is travelling over a road with the road surface varies sinusoidally with a wave length of
15 meters and an amplitude of 0.075 m. The springs of the automobile are compressed 0.125 m under its own
weight. Also determine the amplitude of vibration at 50 km/hr.
 A 50 kg fan has a rotating unbalance of magnitude 0.1 kg m. The fan is mounted on a beam a shown in Fig. 4.23
The beam has been specially treated to add viscous damping. As the speed of the fan is varied, it is noted that its
maximum steady state amplitude is 20 mm. What is the fan's steady state amplitude when it operates at 1200
rpm.
 A TV set of 25 kg mass must be isolated from a machine vibrating with an amplitude of 0.1 mm at 1000 rpm. The TV set is
mounted on five isolators each having a stiffness of 30000 N/m and a damping constant of 400 N-sec/m. Determine.
(i) Amplitude of vibration of the body (i.e., TV set)
(ii) Dynamic load on each isolator due to vibration.
Data: Stifiness of each isolator = 30000 N/m; Damping coefficient of each isolater = 40 Ns/m
Number of isolators = 5
m = 25 kg
N = 1000 rpm
Y = 0.l mm
 An industrial machine of mass 453.4 kg is supported on springs with a static deflection of 0.508 cm. The machine has a
rotating unbalance of 0.2303 kg.m and the speed of the machine is 1200 rpm (Assume damping to be negligible). If the
machine is mounted on a large concrete block of mass 1136 kg and the stiffness of the springs or pads under the block is
increased so that the static deflection is still 0.508 cm, what will be the dynamic amplitude?
 Consider an SDOF system with the rotating unbalance = 0.1 kg–
meter and the equivalent mass meq = 200 kg. At a speed of 850 rpm
under stroboscopic light, the configuration of the eccentric mass is
horizontal, the displacement x is zero, and the velocity 𝑥ሶ is positive.
The steady state amplitude at the speed of 850 rpm is found to be 25
mm. Determine the damping ratio and the undamped natural
frequency of the system.

0.01, 89.012 rad/sec

 A large rotating machine causes the floor of a factory to oscillate sinusoidally. A punch press is to be mounted
on the same floor. The displacement of the floor at the point where the punch press is to be mounted is
measured to be y(t) = 0.1sin(ωot) (cm). Using the base support model of this section, calculate the force
transmitted to the punch press at the resonance. if the machine is mounted on the rubber fitting of stiffness, k
= 40,000 N/m, damping c = 900 Ns/m and mass m = 3000 kg.
 A counterrotating eccentric mass exciter is used to determine the vibrational characteristics of a structure of
mass 181.4 kg. At a speed of 900 rpm, a stroboscope shows the eccentric masses to be at the top at the instant
the structure is moving upward through its static equilibrium position, and the corresponding amplitude is 21.6
mm. if the unbalance of each wheel of the exciter is 0.0921 kg.m determine (a) the natural frequency of the
structure (b) the damping factor of the structure (c) the amplitude at 1200 rpm and (d) the angular position of
the eccentrics at the instant the structure is moving upward through its equilibrium position.
 A a sensitive instrument with a mass of 113 kg is to be installed at a location where the acceleration is 15.24 cm/s2 at a
frequency of 20 Hz. It is proposed to mount the instrument on a rubber pad with the following properties k =2802 N/cm and
zeta = 0.1. What acceleration is transmitted to the instrument?
 The landing gear of an airplane can be idealized as the spring-
mass-damper system shown in Fig.. If the runway surface is
described 𝑦 𝑡 = 𝑦0 cos 𝜔𝑡, determine the value c for k = 5 х 106
N/m that limit the amplitude of vibration of the airplane (x) to 0.1
m. Assume m = 2000 kg, y0 = 0.2 m, and 𝜔 = 157.08 rad/s.
 A 4 kg motor sits on an isolation mount possessing an equivalent stiffness of 64 N/m and damping coefficient
6.4 N-sec/m. It is observed that the motor oscillates at an amplitude of 5 cm when the rotor turns at a rate of 6
rad/sec. (a) Determine the offset moment of the motor. (b) What is the magnitude of the force transmitted to
the support at this rate of rotation?
 An accelerometer is used to measure the oscillation of an airplane wing caused
by the plane's engine operating at 6000 rpm (628 rad/sec). At this engine speed,
the wing is known from other measurements to experience 1.0 g acceleration.
The accelerometer measures an acceleration of 10 m/s2 .If the accelerometer
has a 0.01 kg moving mass and a damped natural frequency of 100 Hz (628
rad/s), use the difference between the measured and the known acceleration to
calculate the damping and stiffness parameters associated with the
acclerometer.

70.95 mm, −22.96°

ME3001D Dynamics of Machines

Theory of Vibrations
Lecture24_B-batch: Quiz 9
 Consider an SDOF system with the rotating unbalance = 0.1 kg–
meter and the equivalent mass meq = 200 kg. At a speed of 850 rpm
under stroboscopic light, the configuration of the eccentric mass is
horizontal, the displacement x is zero, and the velocity 𝑥ሶ is positive.
The steady state amplitude at the speed of 850 rpm is found to be 25
mm. Determine the damping ratio and the undamped natural
frequency of the system.

0.01, 89.012 rad/sec

 A large rotating machine causes the floor of a factory to oscillate sinusoidally. A punch press is to be mounted
on the same floor. The displacement of the floor at the point where the punch press is to be mounted is
measured to be y(t) = 0.1sin(ωot) (cm). Using the base support model of this section, calculate the force
transmitted to the punch press at the resonance. if the machine is mounted on the rubber fitting of stiffness, k
= 40,000 N/m, damping c = 900 Ns/m and mass m = 3000 kg.
 A counterrotating eccentric mass exciter is used to determine the vibrational characteristics of a structure of
mass 181.4 kg. At a speed of 900 rpm, a stroboscope shows the eccentric masses to be at the top at the instant
the structure is moving upward through its static equilibrium position, and the corresponding amplitude is 21.6
mm. if the unbalance of each wheel of the exciter is 0.0921 kg.m determine (a) the natural frequency of the
structure (b) the damping factor of the structure (c) the amplitude at 1200 rpm and (d) the angular position of
the eccentrics at the instant the structure is moving upward through its equilibrium position.
 An industrial machine of mass 453.4 kg is supported on springs with a static deflection of 0.508 cm. If the machine has a
rotating unbalance of 0.2303 kg.m, determine (a) the force transmitted to the floor at 1200 rpm and (b) the dynamic
amplitude at this speed (Assume damping to be negligible).
 A a sensitive instrument with a mass of 113 kg is to be installed at a location where the acceleration is 15.24 cm/s2 at a
frequency of 20 Hz. It is proposed to mount the instrument on a rubber pad with the following properties k =2802 N/cm and
zeta = 0.1. What acceleration is transmitted to the instrument?
 The landing gear of an airplane can be idealized as the spring-
mass-damper system shown in Fig.. If the runway surface is
described 𝑦 𝑡 = 𝑦0 cos 𝜔𝑡, determine the value c for k = 5 х 106
N/m that limit the amplitude of vibration of the airplane (x) to 0.1
m. Assume m = 2000 kg, y0 = 0.2 m, and 𝜔 = 157.08 rad/s.
 A 4 kg motor sits on an isolation mount possessing an equivalent stiffness of 64 N/m and damping coefficient
6.4 N-sec/m. It is observed that the motor oscillates at an amplitude of 5 cm when the rotor turns at a rate of 6
rad/sec. (a) Determine the offset moment of the motor. (b) What is the magnitude of the force transmitted to
the support at this rate of rotation?


70.95 mm, −22.96°