MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION,

MUMBAI
A
Micro-Project Report
On

‘‘collect data from Hospital”

SUBMITTED BY

Prathmesh vasantrao ghongade

Someshwar Suresh Shewalkar

GUIDED BY
‘‘Ms. yannawar S.B.’’

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER
ENGINEERING

INDIRA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (POLYTECHNIC),

VISHNUPURI, NANDED 431605

ACADEMIC YEAR 2021-2022

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I offer my sincere thank with a deep sense of gratitude to my guide Miss. Choudhary N.
G. and Head of Department Mr. Syed Ateeq for their valuable direction and guidance to
our Micro project work. Their meticulous attention towards our Micro project without
taking of their voluminous work. I also thankful to our Professor Mr. Barse S. D. for
their encouragement towards our Micro project. Last but not least I also thank to all team
members of my team for their valuable time and consideration during this Micro Project
Work.

Sincerely
Name Roll No

Prathmesh vasantrao ghongade 02

Someshwar Suresh Shewalkar 16

Program: Diploma in Computer Engineering

Class: CO-3rd (5th Semester)

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 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION,
MUMBAI

Certificate
CERTIFIED THAT THE MICRO-PROJECT REPORT ENTITLED

“Study and analyze given software and write characteristics and function of the same”

Is a Micro Project Work carried out by Mr.prathmesh vasantrao Ghongade and Mr.
Someshwar Suresh Shewalkar in partial fulfilment for the award of Diploma in
COMPUTER ENGINEERING of the Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education.
Mumbai during the year 2022-23. It has been certified that all the
corrections/suggestions indicated for internal assessment has been incorporated in the
report deposited in the Departmental Library. The micro project report has been
approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in respect of Micro-project for the
Diploma.

Subject In-Charge HOD Principal

(Miss. Yannawar S.B) (Mr. Syed Ateeq) (Mr. Agarawal.E. D.)

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING

INDIRA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (POLYTECHNIC),

VISHNUPURI, NANDED 431605

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 ACADEMIC YEAR 2021-22

Evaluation sheet for the Micro Project

Academic Year: 2022-23 Name of Faculty: Ms. yannawar S. B

Course: Est Course Code: 22549 Semester: 5th

Title of the Project

Major Learning Outcomes achieved by students by doing the Project:

a) Practical Outcomes in Cognitive domain

1) Apply computer knowledge to solve the computer group related problems.
2) Apply knowledge of basic mathematics, sciences and basic engineering to solve the
computer group related problems.
A) Unit Outcomes in cognitive domain
B) Outcomes in Affective Domain
1) Follow precautionary measures.
2) Follow ethical practices.
C) Comments / Suggestions about team work/ leadership/ inter- Personal communication
(if any)
Marks out of 6 for Marks out of 4
performance in for performance
Roll Total out
Student Name group activity in oral /
No. of 10
(D5 presentation (D5
Col.8) Col.9)
Prathmesh
02
vasantrao ghongade
Someshwar Suresh
10
Shewalkar

(Name & Signature of Faculty)

Ms. Yannawar.S.B

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 UNDERTAKING BY STUDENTS

We will preserve Micro-project and the report in our custody till end of completion
of our program submission. We assure that we will produce the same whenever we
or anybody from our group will be asked to produce it without any mistake.

Roll
Student Name Signature
No.
Prathmesh vasantrao Ghongade 02
Someshwar Suresh Shewalkar 16

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 INDEX

Sr. No. Particulars Page No.

01 Heading 01

02 Acknowledgement 02

03 Certificate 03

04 Evaluation Sheet 04

05 Undertaking By Students 05

06 Index 06

07 Part A 07-10

08 Introduction 07

09 History of government hospital nanded 08

10 Evaluation of hospital waste 09

11 Hospitalize waste and mangement 10

13 report 10

14 Part B 12

15 Visit 14-15

16 Conclusion 16

17 Reference 17

Part A
 Introduction: -

Hospital is a place where interaction between sick people, service provider, visitor and
community neighbourhood occur. It is very important to have good hospital sanitation in
order to limit the spread of diseases. Hospital activities have potential to generate hazardous
waste, such as solid and liquid pathogenic waste, also chemical substances and used medical
equipment, besides general waste. Compared to industry, hospital generates relatively fewer
hazardous wastes, but 20% of total hospital waste isinfectious one which is potentially

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contagious [1]. Some of health risks were caused by hospital activities such as contagious disease
(influenza, diarrhoea, measles, hepatitis), radiation hazards (cancer, abnormalities of genetic
organ) and chemical substances hazard.
According to Indonesian regulation, based on its potential dangers medical wastes are classified
into infectious waste, pathological waste, sharps waste, pharmaceutical waste, cytotoxic waste,
chemical waste, radioactive waste, high pressure container waste and waste containing high
concentrated heavy metal. However, medical waste was categorized as hazardous waste (HW)
with code D227 in accordance to Indonesia’s regulation. It is important to point out that the term
‘medical waste’ has often been used interchangeably with other terms such as ‘hospital waste’
and ‘infectious waste’ around the world [2]. In this paper, the term of ‘medical waste’ or ‘medical
solid waste’ refers to all wastes which is classified as in Indonesia’s regulation.
Solid waste management is one of environmental problem in most of developing and
transitional countries [3] due to its growth and endless generation followed by poor
management. In the other hand, medical solid waste (MSW) management doesn’t attract
much attention [4] even neglected in the overall solid waste management [5]. In 2005, a study
on hospital solid waste was conducted in Bandung, West Java Province of Indonesia. It
concludes that hospital waste generation in Bandung was 3,493 tons per year, which 85% was
contributed by domestic waste and 15% by MSW (11% infectious waste; 4% others MSW)
[5]. Even though, it only generates small amount of waste compared to domestic waste [3; 6],
the potential environmental and health hazards of MSW could be harmful if not being
recycled and disposed properly since it carries a large number of pathogenic bacteria,
especially in developing country

 History of government hospital nanded : -

Year of
1988
Establishment:
No. of Seats
150
(MBBS):
Specialty in PG
17
Courses:
Seats in PG courses: 82
Management Type: Government

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Affiliated
Maharashtra University of Health Sciences, Nashik
(University):
Listing and
National Medical Council (NMC)
Recognition:
Affiliation
Dr. Shankar Rao Chavan Government Medical College and Hospital
(Hospital):
Dr. Shankar Rao Chavan Government Medical College and Hospital,
Postal Address:
Vishnupuri, Nanded, 431606, Maharashtra
Web Address: https://www.drscgmcnanded.in/index.php

 Evaluation of hospital waste: -

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 Fig.Represting the evalulation of hospital waste

 Hospitalize waste and mangament: -

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 Fig .percentage of general waste of studing hospital
In the study, the classification criteria were based on potential risks, which are classified into
infectious waste, pathological waste, sharps waste, pharmaceutical waste, cytotoxic waste,
chemical waste, radioactive waste, high pressure container waste and waste containing high
concentrated heavy metal. These categories were weighed separately and the results were
then recorded. Tools and equipment used were plastic bags to collect the samples, volume
sampling equipment (gauge, container volume 24, 18, 3, 2 and 1 litre) and weight sampling
equipment (0-2 kg, 0-5 kg and 0-10 kg), which enable one to calculate the bulk density of the
waste, where this result was reported in kg/m3.

Sampling was conducted for seven days in order to balance out the daily variations during a
week due to holidays or patient visiting [3]. Location of sampling was at all potential MSW

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 sources. Generation rate of general waste was also observed to compare with MSW
generation rate.

Hospital waste management, also called medical waste management, is a system that handles
the segregation, containment, and disposal of hazardous, hospital-generated, infectious waste.
Efficient waste management is critical for

healthcare institutions because medical waste can be pathogenic and environmentally

hazardous. Non-compliance with proper hospital waste management can lead to serious
health risks, fines, and damage to a healthcare institution’s reputation

The results of the research indicated that the MSW generation rates for hospital A and B are
0.6 kg/bed/day and 0.4 kg/bed/day, respectively (Table 1). It was slightly different with the

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early research that showed generation rate of MSW in Indonesia was 0.75 kg/bed/day [13].
Generation rate of MSW in Korea was found 0.14-0.49 kg/bed/day [2], while the generation
rate based on inpatient occupancy rate for hospital A and B were 0.17 kg/patient/day and 0.13
kg/patient/day, respectively (Table 1).
Medical waste generally consists of many different types of materials. Composition of
medical wastes produced from hospitals depends on the size and types of healthcare facilities,
the management practices of waste (e.g. handling, segregation and disposal), waste
regulations, level of activity (often measured in terms of the number of occupied beds,
number of patients per day, and/or number of staff), type of department (e.g. general ward,
surgical theatre, office), type or level of facility (e.g. clinic, provincial hospital), location
(rural or urban), regulations or policies on waste classification, segregation practices,
temporal variations (e.g. weekday versus weekend, seasonal), level of infrastructure
development of the country [2; 7]. Hospital A is a public governmental one which provides
wide medical specialists, sub-specialists and more facilities, while Hospital B is a private
hospital with fewer facilities and services. In the other hand, general waste often found was
mixed at MSW storage besides, there was infectious MSW storage located in corridor near
rain fed area which was potentially wet in Hospital B. It was indicated that poor handling in
Hospital B affected on MSW generation rate.

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 AIM OF PROJECT

scheduling the waste management and reconditioning for all of the waste generated in the
health care facilities is a fundamental task which plays an extremely significant role in the
global cleanliness, public health, preservation of resources and sustainability of the
ecosystem. Recycling medical waste curtails utilization of raw material and decreases the
amount of the waste materials that must be disposed in a landfill. It decreases the dangers and
risks to the communities which can be at risks due to hospitals. Decrease in the incidence of
HIV/AIDS, sepsis, hepatitis, and other diseases spread by infectious medical equipment takes
place by accurate waste management. Illegal trading of used syringes, injection needles and
medical tools can also be stopped by proper management tactics. Attentiveness about perils
of biomedical waste and its appropriate disposal is compulsory for a nontoxic and vigorous
futurescheduling the waste management and reconditioning for all of the waste generated in
the health care facilities is a fundamental task which plays an extremely significant role in the
global cleanliness, public health, preservation of resources and sustainability of the
ecosystem. Recycling medical waste curtails utilization of raw material and decreases the
amount of the waste materials that must be disposed in a landfill. It decreases the dangers and
risks to the communities which can be at risks due to hospitals. Decrease in the incidence of
HIV/AIDS, sepsis, hepatitis, and other diseases spread by infectious medical equipment takes
place by accurate waste management. Illegal trading of used syringes, injection needles and
medical tools can also be stopped by proper management tactics. Attentiveness about perils
of biomedical waste and its appropriate disposal is compulsory for a nontoxic and vigorous
future

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 CONCLUSION

Waste management includes the processes and actions required to manage waste from its
inception to its final disposal. This includes the collection, transport, treatment and disposal
of waste, together with monitoring and regulation of the waste management process and
waste-related laws, technologies, economic mechanisms. Proper waste management improves
the overall air and water quality, which essentially keeps us healthy due to the presence of
less harmful particles in the air we breathe and the water we drink. Proper waste management
reduces the impact of greenhouse gases. In other words, the environment will have less
carbon monoxide and methane. Solid waste in landfills emits toxic gases. However, if you
recycle the waste the intensity of those gases reduces significantly. Proper waste management
also protects citizens from biohazards and physical harm, nurtures community health,
promotes sanitation, an in addition provides opportunities to
earn from Proper waste management ensures the safe disposal of any
residual or wet waste by properly segregating the wastes. Direct handling of solid wastes
could result in many types of infectious diseases to the
collectors if the waste is not properly secured.

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 REFERENCE
  http://www.drscgmcnanded.in

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