HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF POLICING

SYSTEM IN THE WORLDWIDE SETTING

OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
 trace and summarize the historical background of
policing in the worldwide setting;
 identify key events and proponent of policing
worldwide setting;
 identify significant statutes in the development of
policing system in the worldwide setting.
POLICE
 “POLITEIA” (Greek word) which means and used to
describe the group of civil officers governing the city and
not necessarily the armed men guarding or policing the city.
 “POLITIA” (Romans) which means civil administration.
 “POLICE” (French) used it to those authorized people
who enforce the law.
 “PULIS” - Filipinos further translated the term police in a
way for it to be compatible in the manner they pronounce
and spell words (Timpac, 2013).
EVOLUTION OF POLICING IN THE
INTERNATIONAL SETTING
A. ANGLO SAXON (ANCIENT ENGLAND) PERIOD – 600-
1066 A.D.
POLICING SYSTEM FORERUNNER/ CONTRIBUTION/
PERSONALITIES DESCRIPTION

Thanes Policing King Alfred the Great A type of internal police force
System where landowners throughout
the kingdom were responsible
to police their own territory.
Landowners were
empowered to: - arrest
offenders and deliver them to
the King. - settle civil
litigations.
A. ANGLO SAXON (ANCIENT ENGLAND) PERIOD – 600-
1066 A.D.
POLICING SYSTEM FORERUNNER/ CONTRIBUTION/
PERSONALITIES DESCRIPTION

Frankpledge Every male over twelve ● This policing system was

Policing System (12) years old joined nine carried out under a system of
(9) of his neighbors to
mutual pledge.
form TYTHINGMEN.

- They performed police ● Policing responsibility lies on

works and anyone who the hands of the citizens.
failed to join and perform
this duty was severely
fined.
A. ANGLO SAXON (ANCIENT ENGLAND) PERIOD – 600-
1066 A.D.
POLICING SYSTEM FORERUNNER/ CONTRIBUTION/
PERSONALITIES DESCRIPTION

Tun Policing System This policing system required

all male residents to guard the
town to preserve peace and
order, protect the life and
property of the people and
suppress other factors affecting
peace and order.
Tun was the forerunner of
the word “town”.
A. ANGLO SAXON (ANCIENT ENGLAND) PERIOD – 600-
1066 A.D.
POLICING SYSTEM FORERUNNER/ CONTRIBUTION/
PERSONALITIES DESCRIPTION

Hue and Cry Complainant or victim will go

Policing System to the middle of the
community and shout to call
all male residents to
assemble. Once heard, male
residents will automatically
assemble to go after the
criminal and apprehend him.
A. ANGLO SAXON (ANCIENT ENGLAND) PERIOD – 600-
1066 A.D.
POLICING SYSTEM FORERUNNER/ CONTRIBUTION/
PERSONALITIES DESCRIPTION

Royal Judge System Royal Judge - It started the identification

conducts criminal of criminals.
investigation and
gives appropriate
punishment for the
crime committed.
B. NORMAL PERIOD – 1066-1285
POLICING SYSTEM FORERUNNER/ CONTRIBUTION/
PERSONALITIES DESCRIPTION

Shire- Reeve King William King Norman divided the

System Norman kingdom into 55 military
districts known as Shire-
reeves. Shire – used to refer
to a district. Reeve – used to
refer to the ruler of the district
who made laws, rendered
judgment, and imposed
penalties.
B. NORMAL PERIOD – 1066-1285
POLICING SYSTEM FORERUNNER/ CONTRIBUTION/
PERSONALITIES DESCRIPTION

Court of the From the Court, 12 It settles a range of cases,

Tourn ‘TYTHINGMEN’ more often dealing with
were selected to petty offenses and civil
hear serious cases. matters.
B. NORMAL PERIOD – 1066-1285
POLICING SYSTEM FORERUNNER/ CONTRIBUTION/
PERSONALITIES DESCRIPTION
Master of the House’ - The
Court Leet head of the court which was
The Normans established
appointed by the King. the Court Leet which
‘Comes Stable’ - also appointed
by the King to be responsible in looked after matters of
keeping peace and order in a
specific area. - under the purely local interest and
responsibility of local officials who petty village nuisances
could petition to remove him if
he did not perform his job
properly. - Comes Stable became
Constable which is used to day to
refer to members of the police
force.
B. NORMAL PERIOD – 1066-1285
POLICING SYSTEM FORERUNNER/ CONTRIBUTION/
PERSONALITIES DESCRIPTION

Legis Henrie King Henry I ✔Law violations were

classified as offenses against the
King.
✔ Policemen were considered
as public officials.
✔ The police and the citizens
were given the power to
conduct arrest.
✔ Grand Jury was created to
inquire on the facts of the law
B. NORMAL PERIOD – 1066-1285
POLICING SYSTEM FORERUNNER/ CONTRIBUTION/
PERSONALITIES DESCRIPTION

Keepers of the King Richard of It requires the appointment

Peace England (1195). of knights to keep the King’s
peace.

The knights were posted on

bridges and gates to check
the people entering and
leaving the town or cities.
B. NORMAL PERIOD – 1066-1285
POLICING SYSTEM FORERUNNER/ CONTRIBUTION/
PERSONALITIES DESCRIPTION
became a law upon the demand of the
Magna Carta King John of Knights of the Round Table.
(Great Charter) England on June 15, ● It declared the following:
✔ No freemen shall be taken or
1215 imprisoned, disposed, outlawed, or bowed
except by legal judgment of his peers.
✔ No person should be tried for
murder unless there is proof of the body
of the victim.
✔ There should be national and local
government as well as the national and
local legislation.
C. WESTMINSTER PERIOD (1285-1500)
POLICING SYSTEM FORERUNNER/ CONTRIBUTION/
PERSONALITIES DESCRIPTION

Statute of It was enacted for law and

Winchester order.
(1285) - Watch -a watch was stationed
and Ward between sunset and sunrise
system. at each gate of a walled
town. It revived the hue
and cry
C. WESTMINSTER PERIOD (1285-1500)
POLICING SYSTEM FORERUNNER/ CONTRIBUTION/
PERSONALITIES DESCRIPTION

Statute of 1295 It began the closing of the

gates of London during
sunset.

This started the

observation of the curfew
hours.
C. WESTMINSTER PERIOD (1285-1500)
POLICING SYSTEM FORERUNNER/ CONTRIBUTION/
PERSONALITIES DESCRIPTION

Justice of the This was a position given to

Peace a respected citizen, who
has the power to arrest,
pursue and imprison
offenders.
C. WESTMINSTER PERIOD (1285-1500)
POLICING SYSTEM FORERUNNER/ CONTRIBUTION/
PERSONALITIES DESCRIPTION

Star Chamber ● a special court that tried

Court offenders against the state.

● Later on, it became both

a court of law to determine
civil rights and a court of
revenue to enrich treasury
D. MODERN PERIOD
POLICING SYSTEM FORERUNNER/ CONTRIBUTION/
PERSONALITIES DESCRIPTION

Night Watchmen King Charles II in They were employed to be

or Bellmen 1663 on duty from sunset to
(Charlies) sunrise.
D. MODERN PERIOD
POLICING SYSTEM FORERUNNER/ CONTRIBUTION/
PERSONALITIES DESCRIPTION

Bow Street Henry Fielding ● Thief Catchers

Runners (1748) - Chief ● Later on, he formed the
Magistrate of Bow Bow Street Horse Patrol
Street in London. whose duty was to patrol
the main roads thus secure
the travelers from highway
bandits.
D. MODERN PERIOD
POLICING SYSTEM FORERUNNER/ CONTRIBUTION/
PERSONALITIES DESCRIPTION

London Sir Robert Peel - the world’s first modern

Metropolitan (1829) - Father of organized police force.
Police Modern Policing - later called Scotland Yard
E. FRENCH POLICE SYSTEM
FORERUNNER/ CONTRIBUTION/
PERSONALITIES DESCRIPTION

King Louis XIV (17th He maintained a small central police

Century) organization consisting of some 40
inspectors who, with the help of
numerous paid informants, supplied
the government with details about
the conduct of private individuals.
E. FRENCH POLICE SYSTEM
FORERUNNER/ CONTRIBUTION/
PERSONALITIES DESCRIPTION

Officers de Paix It was the origin of the term peace

(1791) officers.
Were NO UNIFORMS but
identified thru WARRANT CARD
E. FRENCH POLICE SYSTEM
FORERUNNER/ CONTRIBUTION/
PERSONALITIES DESCRIPTION

Sergent de Ville These were called the first

(Servant of the City) uniformed police officers.
E. FRENCH POLICE SYSTEM
CONTRIBUTION/ DESCRIPTION
● Conceiving street signs
● Assigning house numbers
● Installing street lighting
● Creating emergency and rescue services
● Use of police ambulances
● Use of warrant card and ID signifying authority to
arrest.