By: Associate Prof. Sr Dr.

Sarajul Fikri Mohamed, CQS

Department of Quantity Surveying, Faculty of Built Environment
and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor
E: [email protected] W: builtsurvey.utm.my/sarajul

02 JULY 2021 @ ZOOM ONLINE MEETING (09.00AM – 01.00 PM)

PROGRAM PSC : CONSTRUCTION MEASUREMENT ME WORKS

TIME DAY 1 DAY 2

0830 - 0900 REGISTRATION REGISTRATION

0900 - 1030 Module 1 Module 3

Introduction to M&E Works in Building Air Conditioning Installations
Split Unit System

1030 - 1045 MORNING BREAK MORNING BREAK

1045 - 1145 Module 2 Module 3

Electrical Engineering Installations Air Conditioning Installations
Central Unit System
Workshop 2A – Single Phase
Workshop 2B – Three Phase
1145 - 0100 Module 2 Module 4
Telephone Installations Fire Fighting System
Hose Reel, Sprinkler System & Portable Fire
Extinguisher
0100 - 0200 BREAK BREAK
0200 - 0500 ASSESSMENT ASSESSMENT
Workshop 2A (WS2A) Workshop 3 (WS3)
Knowledge Assessment 1 (KA1) Knowledge Assessment 2 (KA2)
ATTENDANCE : DAY 1 : 02 JULY 2021

CONSTRUCTION MEASUREMENT ME WORKS

 Researcher and Professional Trainer :
Dr. Sarajul Fikri Mohamed, CQS

• 20 years experience in construction innovation and

management research
• 15 years experience in professional development training
• 15 years experience in funding pitching for both
government and industrial investors.
• Experience of working across management and
leadership of UTM and subsidiaries
• Gain RM 5,000,000.00 amount of research funding in 10
Assoc. Prof. Dr Sarajul years.
Fikri Mohamed
UTMSPACE Education
Tel: 019-7505806
Experience
[email protected]
www.builtsurvey.utm.my/sara
jul
Linkedn: Sarajul Fikri
INTRODUCTION

Project Cost Management

for M&E Works

© 2009 Deloitte Consulting Malaysia Sdn Bhd

MOTIVATION FOR ME WORKS MEASUREMENT

• ASEAN is fast growing and tending towards developed nation

• Emphasis on the need to adopt best practices in all sector of the
1 economy in tandem with transformation plans

• Construction industry desires to be among the best globally.

• The need to benchmark against international best practices .
2
• Mechanical and Electrical (M&E) services subsector is important
but the cost management is neglected by design team
• The cost of Mechanical and Electrical (M&E) services is fast
3 growing and there is need for project design team to provide total
cost management of buildings
 M&E SERVICES COST IN BUILDING
(Adapted from McCaffrey, 2011)
Item Type of Building Percentage of Total
cost
1 Warehouse 10 – 15%
2 Apartment 15 – 20%
3 School 20 – 25%
4 Shopping Centre 20 – 30%
5 Hotel Development 30 – 40%
6 Office fit -out 35 – 45%
7 Hospital 40 – 55%
8 Data Centre 60 – 70%
 ENGINEERING SERVICES COST

TYPE OF BUILDING PERCENTAGE OF

THE TOTAL COST
Offices – not air-conditioned 15 to 20
Offices – air-conditioned 25 to 33
Hospitals 30 to 45
Schools 20 to 30
Universities – residential 20 to 30
Universities – laboratories 40 to 60
Theaters 20 to 25
Art centre 15 to 20
Industrial (factories, etc.) 10 to 20
Domestic 10 to 20

8
 BENEFITS OF ADOPTING SMM
Benefits:
 Prompts the design team and clients to finalize the design prior
to bill preparation
 Avoids the need for contractors to Measure the works
themselves.
 Provides commonality in tenders
 The coding system enable ease of computer application
 Can be used as basis for interim valuation
 The rates contained therein can be used as basis for valuing
variation
 Assist in risk management

(Hore, et al., 1997; Molloy, 2007, Potts 2008; Davis and Bacarini 2009)
PROBLEMS WITH THE LUMP SUM METHOD

• Difficulty in tender evaluation by consultants

1

• Increase in tender cost to contractors

2

• Assessment of variation is made difficult

3

• Interim valuation process is complicated

4

• Contractors are made to bear the risk of under

5 measurement
 SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE FOR QS

KNOWLEDGE SKILLS

• Construction technology • Management

• Measurement rules • Documentation
• Construction economics • Analysis
• Financial management • Appraisal
• Business administration • Quantification
• Construction law

Output

BILL OF QUANTITIES

11 Minimising Waste On Site

VIDEO PRESENTATION
LEARNING BY DOING
INTRODUCTION

Principles and Techniques

for Construction
Measurement

© 2009 Deloitte Consulting Malaysia Sdn Bhd

 PROJECT ESTIMATING

 ESTIMATING has been recognized as a crucial

element in construction projects where it relies on
numerous data and information in the progress to
produce high reliability estimate.

 According to Holm et al. (2005) cost estimation is

being referred as the procedure of examining a
specific scope of work and forecasting the cost of
completing the work.

14
 ESTIMATING PROCESSES
PROJECT MANAGEMENT

DESIGN CONSTRUCTION FACILITY

MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT

APPROXIMATE DETAILED
ESTIMATE ESTIMATE

INCEPTION FEASIBILITY PLANNING AND CONSTRUCTION HANDOVER

• Project brief • Project formulation DESIGN • Manufacturing and
• Appoint consultants • Feasibility study • Base design • Delivery OPERATION
• Market study • Strategy design • Cost and schedule • Civil works • Final Testing
• Documentation • Installation • Maintenance
• Testing
• Tendering • Commissioning
• Contract terms
• Detailed planning

DESIGN PRODUCTION OCCUPANCY

CONSTRUCTION PROJECT DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

 ESTIMATING MODEL

Accuracy of Estimating Models

Accuracy

Unit method: Cost/ bed space or work station, price forecast here are based on
skeletal information are available, degree of accuracy here is very low. +/- 30%
Low

Space: Cost per m2 or gross floor area, when more information are available
than is at unit method stage . The degree of accuracy is also low. +/- 25 –
30%

Element: Prepared when more detail information are available, the degrees of
accuracy is +/- 20 – 25%.

High Features: Approximates quantities prepared based on the availability of more

information and the degree of accuracy is between +/- 15% - 20%

Source: (Hore et al. 1997; Potts 2008)

 BILLS OF QUANTITIES

ETC   q1r1
n

i 1

 Where ETC represent total project cost/price, q

and r, the item quantities and rates respectively,
and subscripts (i = 1, 2,……..,n) denotes the items
involved. The calculation of ETC depends on two
main factors:

 Identification of the items, i and

 Estimation of the parameter values, q and r.
 BILLS OF QUANTITIES

 The accuracy of estimates of ETC is dependent

solely on the combined accuracy of these 2
FACTORS.
 In detail estimating, the identification of ITEMS
and the parameter value q and r are essential.
 A reliable BUDGET ESTIMATE requires the use
of an acceptable standard framework to
effectively communicate information about
ITEMS and parameter values q and r from
projects to projects as well as among project
participants
GLOBAL AND LOCAL USAGE OF SMM
 46 SMM used in 27 countries of the world (RICS, 2003)
 3 different types of SMM are used in Malaysia:
 SMM2 – Building works and services; ISM 2001
 MyCESMM – Civil engineering works; CIDB 2011
 SMM in Water and Waste Water Industry; CIDB 2009.

 The rules for measuring M&E is contained in sections Q and

R of SMM2:
 Section Q: Plumbing and Mechanical Services
 Section R: Electrical Services.
 QUANTITY TAKING OFF

 QUANTITY TAKE-OFF is a process used to determine

an itemized and quantified list of construction materials
from project drawings.
 This is a part of the cost estimating process in the
construction industry.
 Estimators use standard method of measurement (SMM)
and start "taking off" quantities of items they will need
from construction drawings (architecture and structural
drawings) in order to prepare part of the estimate.
 OPEN LEARNING (MOOC)
openlearning.com/courses/SBEQ3213x

21
WORK BREAKDOWN
STRUCTURE

Building Services Elements

© 2009 Deloitte Consulting Malaysia Sdn Bhd

 WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE

It is the foundation for project planning and an important

technique used in project management.

If well done, it becomes the key or secret to successful project

management

Its purpose is basically to turn large, complex, unique or perhaps

mystifying piece of work (such as construction) into small manageable
tasks – it relates to project phasing and deliverables

WBS is a list of tasks or activities leading to the preparation of work

programme or work plan, cost budgeting. It is sometimes called
TASK LIST or ACTIVITY LIST
 WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE

The WBS clarifies and provides the necessary details for a number
of project management activities such as

• Provide detail illustration of the scope or magnitude of the project

• Monitor work progress because each activity or task defines

measurable unit of work in term of time and quantity.

• Provide basis for accurate cost and schedule estimate because

each activity is defined by quantity and time

• Build project team – development of project organisation

 WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE FOR BUILDING ELEMENTS

1 SUBSTRUCTURE 2 SUPERSTRUCTURE
1 Piling 1 Building Frames
2 Work Below Lowest Floor Finishes 1 Column
1 Pad Foundation 1 Reinforced concrete
1 Excavation 2 Formwork
2 Lean concrete 3 Reinforcement
3 Reinforced concrete grade 20
4 Formwork 2 Floor beams
5 Reinforcement 1 Reinforced concrete
2 Formwork
2 Column Stumps 3 Reinforcement
1 Reinforced Concrete grade 20
3 Roof Beams
2 Formwork
1 Reinforced concrete
3 Reinforcement
2 Formwork
3 Reinforcement
3 Ground Beams
1 Excavation 4 Upper Floors
2 Lean concrete 1 Reinforced concrete
3 Reinforced Concrete grade 20 2 Formwork
4 Formwork 3 Reinforcement
5 Reinforcement
2 External Walls
4 Ground floor 1 Brickwall
1 Reinforced concrete grade 20 2 Damp proof course (DPC)
2 BRC
3 Damp proof membrane (DPM) 3 Roof
4 Hardcore 1 Roof structures
2 Roof covering
 WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE FOR BUILDING ELEMENTS
3 FINISHES
2 SUPERSTRUCTURES (Cont'd.)
1 External wall finishes
1 Internal Wall
2 Internal wall finishes
1 Brickwalls
3 External floor finishes
2 Partition
4 Internal floor finishes
1 Timber wall frame
5 Ceiling finishes
2 Plywood/timber boarding 6 Painting

2 Doors 4 FURNITURES AND FITTINGS

1 Lintol 5 BUILDING SERVICES
2 Frame 1 Cold water supply and installation
3 Door Leaf 2 Soil and waste pipe
4 Ironmongery 3 Sanitary fittings
4 Electrical supply and installation
3 Windows 5 Air conditioning
1 Lintol
6 EXTERNAL WORKS
2 Frame
1 Drainage
3 Window
2 Sewerage
4 Ironmongery
3 Manhole
4 Septic Tank
4 Ceiling 5 Fence
1 Ceiling joist 6 Turfing
2 Asbestos ceiling 7 Lanskap
8 Water/Electrical Reticulation
 WHAT WE DO
Ref Description Rate RM C

PART F1 – PRIME COST SUMS

PRIME COST SUMS

Notes:
i) The Prime Cost Sums shall be expended as
directed by the Superintending Officer or deducted
in whole or in part if not expended

B Air-Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System

Provide a Prime Cost Sums of Ringgit Malaysia :

Seven Hundred Thousand Only (RM700,000.00) for SUM 700,000 00
Air-Conditioning and Mechanical Ventilation System

• Allow for profit ……….%

• Allow for attendance %

L.S.
11/25/2021
29
PRIME COST SUMS : AIR COND. WORKS
COMPONENTS

Pipe works

Equipment and ancillaries

Insulation

Sundries

Builder’s work
3D ME Works
 CURRENT PRACTICE & SMM
COND WATER
PUMP
Items of work are not classified under the
appropriate headings as required by
sections Q.2 and R.2 of SMM2.

Pipe works and fittings are not measured

in line with the provisions of SMM2
COOLING WATER
TOWER CHILLER UNIT

M&E Services BoQs are mostly

SUPPLY provisional in nature
DUCTING

Contractors are often required to allowed

AIR HANDLING for works not measured or shown in the
UNIT (AHU) tender drawings.

DIFFUSER
M&E services drawings are often not
completed at the time of preparing BoQ
for tender purposes.
M&E Works Cost Estimating and Cost Control Tools
Project
Initiation Historical
Cost
Database

Bills of Build up Rate

Quantities (Resources)
Q R

Budget
Scope Current
1. _______
Change Estimate
Variation of 2. _______
Authorization 3. _______
Works

Historical
Final Cost
Account Database
VIDEO PRESENTATION
ORGANIC LEARNING
IN CONSTRUCTION
 THANK YOU
CONSTRUCTION MEASUREMENT (M&E WORKS)
ONLINE LEARNING
openlearning.com/courses/SBEQ3213x