PUBLIC POOL & PUBLIC SPA

OPERATORS GUIDE

w w w. h e a l t h u n i t . c o m
 Dear Pool and Spa Operator,

To assist you to be compliant with Ontario’s pool

and spa regulations, the Middlesex-London Health
Unit developed The Pool and Spa Operators Guide
to provide a resource that outlines your responsibili-
ties under the Health Protection and Promotion Act,
R.S.O.1990, c.H.7.
This guide was prepared for you and your staff members
to ensure you provide a safe and healthy facility for
your bathers. It contains information about safety,
maintenance and the operation of your facility. You can also access this information
at any time on our website at www.healthunit.com.
Pool and spa owners and operators are legally responsible for making sure their
facilities are operated and maintained in accordance with the provincial regulations
contained in the Act. Public Health Inspectors from the Middlesex-London Health Unit
are your partners in achieving these goals. A facility that is not properly operated
or maintained results in unnecessary risks for your bathers, including the potential
exposure to water-borne diseases and life-threatening injuries.
Public Health Inspectors periodically inspect facilities like yours to ensure compliance.
Inspectors then issue reports detailing their findings at the time of their visit and any
deficiencies noted should be corrected immediately.
If you have questions or concerns about compliance matters, please call the Health
Unit’s Environmental Health line at 519-663-5317, extension 2300 to speak to a Public
Health Inspector.
Thank you for taking the time to review this guide and also for playing your part in
keeping our community safe and healthy.

Yours sincerely,

Graham L. Pollett MD, MHSc, FRCPC, FACPM

Medical Officer of Health & Chief Executive Officer CEO

Middlesex-London Health Unit 1

 INTRODUCTION
It is the responsibility of public pool and / or spa owners / operators to ensure that
the public pool and / or spa complies with all applicable legislation and operating
standards to protect the health and safety of bathers.
All public pool and spa owners / operators must notify the Health Unit (see Appendix
A or Appendix B) of their intention to open or re-open a public pool or spa that has
been:
• constructed
• altered, or
• closed for more than four weeks
This guide is designed to assist operators in meeting regulatory requirements but is
not to be used as a substitute for specific legislative or regulatory obligations. This
guide does not address all sections of the Regulation.
Requirements related to public pool and spa construction can be found in the Ontario
Building Code. If you have any questions regarding pool construction, please contact
the City of London Building Division at 519 661-4555 or the Building Department in
your Municipality and ask to speak to a Building Inspector.
For problems associated with equipment, maintenance and / or unbalanced water
chemistry, contact a local swimming pool company or your equipment manufacturer.
A full copy of Ontario Regulation 565 - Public Pools and Ontario Regulation 428/05
– Public Spas, can be obtained from www.elaws.gov.on.ca or by contacting the
Middlesex-London Health Unit at 519-663-5317 extension 2300.
Public Health Inspectors in Ontario have the duty and authority to inspect public
pools and public spas at least two (2) times per year and no less than once every
three (3) months to ensure compliance with Ontario Regulation 565 - Public Pools
and Ontario Regulation 428/05 – Public Spas. Inspectors are there to ensure opera-
tors maintain public pools and spas in a safe and sanitary manner. In addition, you
may contact your inspector at any time to discuss regulatory requirements. You do
not need to consult your inspector before closing your pool or spa if a potential health
hazard exists. It is better to be safe than sorry.

2 Middlesex-London Health Unit

TABLE OF CONTENTS
LETTER FROM THE MEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 1
INTRODUCTION � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 2
CLASSIFICATION OF POOLS � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 8
REQUIREMENT TO NOTIFY WHEN A PUBLIC POOL
IS OPENING OR RE-OPENING � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 9
POOL SAFETY � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 10
Accessibility
Black Disc and Water Clarity
Emergency Telephone
Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI)
Pool Water Outlet Covers
Safety Equipment
Chemical Safety and Storage
Reasons for Pool Closure
Written Emergency and Operational Procedures
POOL OPERATION � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 13
POOL CHEMISTRY � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 14
Required Pool Water Chemical Levels
Pool Fouling
Daily Recording
Tests and Inspections
Test Kit and Testing Method
How to Take a Pool Water Sample
Make-up Water
Water Meter
Turnover Rate
Flow Rate
Flow Meter
SIGNAGE � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 21
General Pool Rules Sign
Calculating the Maximum Bather Load
Shower Sign
Emergency Telephone Sign
No Diving Sign
Deck Markings
Unsupervised Pool Sign
LIFEGUARD QUALIFICATIONS � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 25
Exemptions from the Safety Supervision Requirement
Control Stations
PUBLIC POOL ADMISSIONS STANDARDS � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 28
POOL CONCLUSION � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 31

Middlesex-London Health Unit 3

 PUBLIC SPA DEFINITION � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 34
REQUIREMENT TO NOTIFY WHEN A PUBLIC SPA
IS OPENING OR RE-OPENING � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 35
SPA SAFETY AND OPERATION � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 36
Spa Operation
Water Temperature
Timing Device
Suction System
Clock
Steps
Emergency Telephone
Emergency Stop Button
First Aid Box
Other Emergency Equipment
Chemical Safety and Storage
Reasons for Spa Closure
Written Emergency and Operational Procedures
Designation of Trained Operator
SPA CHEMISTRY � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 40
Required Spa Water Chemical Levels
Spa Fouling
Tests and Inspections
Test Kit and Testing Method
How to Take Spa Water Sample
Replacing Chemical Reagents
Water Replacement
Calculating How Often to Drain and Refill Spa (if under 4000 litres)
Water Meter
Flow Meter
SIGNAGE � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 45
General Spa Rules Sign
Maximum Bather Capacity
Shower Sign
Timing Device Notice
Emergency Stop Button
Emergency Telephone Sign and Instructions
Deck Markings
SPA CONCLUSION � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 48

4 Middlesex-London Health Unit

APPENDICES � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 49
Appendix A: Notification of Opening Public Pool/Spa
Appendix B: Notification of Re-Opening Public Pool/Spa
Appendix C: Written Emergency and Operational Procedures
Appendix D: Reasons for Pool and/or Spa Closures
Appendix E (Pool): Public Pool First Aid Box Checklist
Appendix E (Spa): Public Spa First Aid Box Checklist
Appendix F: Sanitation and Prevention of Communicable Diseases
Appendix G: Pool Fouling
Appendix H: Water Chemistry
Appendix I (Pool): Public Pool Records Log
Appendix I (Spa): Public Spa Records Log
Appendix J (Pool): Public Pool Signage Requirements
Appendix J (Spa): Public Spa Signage Requirements
GLOSSARY OF TERMS � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 78
CONVERSION CHART � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 80

Middlesex-London Health Unit 5

 PUBLIC POOL
OPERATORS GUIDE

w w w. h e a l t h u n i t . c o m
 Public Pool Operators Guide
CLASSIFICATION
OF POOLS
REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY
SAFETY
POOL
OPERATION
POOL

CLASSIFICATION OF PUBLIC POOLS

A Class A pool is:
CHEMISTRY

• a pool to which the general public is admitted;

POOL

• a pool operated in conjunction with, or as a part, of the program of a YMCA or

similar institution or an educational, instructional, physical fitness or athletic
institution supported in whole, or in part, by public funds, or
• a pool operated on the premises of a recreational camp, for use by campers
SIGNAGE

and their visitors and camp personnel.

A Class B pool is one which is operated on the premises of or in conjunction with:
• an apartment building / condominium / co-operative / facility with more than five
dwelling units or suites;
QUALIFICATIONS

• a mobile home park or nurses’ residence;

LIFEGUARD

• a community of more than 5 single-family residences;

• a hotel / motel;
• a campground;
• a club;
PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS

• a day nursery, day camp or an establishment for the care or treatment of

persons who are ill, infirm or aged or for persons in custodial care, or
• a pool other than a Class A pool, that is not exempt from the provisions
of this Regulation.
NOTE: Class A and B public indoor swimming pools will be inspected at least four (4)
CONCLUSION

times per year.

POOL

Class A and B public outdoor swimming pools will be inspected at least two (2) times
per year, during the outdoor swimming season.

8 Middlesex-London Health Unit

Public Pool Operators Guide

CLASSIFICATION
OF POOLS
REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY
SAFETY
POOL
OPERATION
POOL
REQUIREMENT TO NOTIFY WHEN A PUBLIC POOL
IS OPENING OR RE-OPENING

CHEMISTRY
Before a public pool is put into use after construction or alteration, the owner or

POOL
operator must notify the Middlesex-London Health Unit in writing of:
• the building permit number issued for the construction or alteration of the pool;
• the date of opening / re-opening;
• the name and address of the operator, or

SIGNAGE
• whether the pool is intended to be operated as a Class A or a Class B pool
(see Appendix A)�
A person who plans to open or reopen a pool for use as a public pool after
construction or alteration shall not open or reopen the pool without first obtaining:

QUALIFICATIONS
• permission in writing from the Medical Officer of Health, and

LIFEGUARD
• a supply of chemicals and testing devices that are sufficient to operate the pool.
Before a public pool is put back into use after any closure of the pool (without
alteration) of more than four (4) weeks duration, the owner or operator must notify
the Middlesex-London Health Unit in writing of:
PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS
• the date of opening/re-opening;
• the name and address of the operator, and
• whether the pool is intended to be operated as a Class A
or a Class B pool (see Appendix B)�
CONCLUSION
POOL

Middlesex-London Health Unit 9

 Public Pool Operators Guide
CLASSIFICATION
OF POOLS
REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY
SAFETY
POOL
OPERATION
POOL
CHEMISTRY
POOL

POOL SAFETY
It is the responsibility of every owner and operator of a public pool to maintain the
pool and its equipment in a safe and sanitary condition. There are many factors
contributing to pool safety and they are not limited to the sections outlined below.
SIGNAGE

Accessibility
The pool must remain inaccessible to people who are not involved with its maintenance
and operation during hours when it is not intended to be open to the public.
QUALIFICATIONS

Therefore:
LIFEGUARD

• the pool must be enclosed by lockable door or barriers that are capable of
preventing access to the pool deck, and
• the pool fence/barrier must have a gate with a self-closing device and
self-latching device
PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS

NOTE: For additional guidance, see Ontario Building Code, City of London Fencing
By-law or other applicable codes/by-laws.
Black Disc and Water Clarity
• A black disc 15 cm in diameter on a white background is affixed to the bottom of
the pool at its deepest point.
CONCLUSION
POOL

• The pool water is of a clarity to permit a black disc 15 cm in diameter on a white

background located at the bottom of the pool at its deepest point to be clearly
visible from any point on the deck 9 m away from the disc.

10 Middlesex-London Health Unit

Public Pool Operators Guide

Safety Equipment

CLASSIFICATION
The operator of the swimming pool must ensure that the following safety equipment

OF POOLS
listed in the table below is present at the pool at all times.
Table 1� Safety Equipment

Equipment Additional Details

REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY
An operator will be deemed to be in
One (1) electrically insulated or non-conducting compliance if they have a reaching pole
reaching pole that is at least 3.65 m long. constructed of fiberglass and meeting the
length requirement.

SAFETY
POOL
Two (2) buoyant throwing aids with a six (6)
mm diameter rope that is at least half the width
of the pool plus three meters.

OPERATION
The spine board must have a minimum of four

POOL
(4) straps and be capable of holding a person
One (1) spine board.
rigid without breaking or causing any further
injury.

If a public spa is located in the same enclosure,

CHEMISTRY
One (1) first aid box that is fully stocked

POOL
ensure the first aid box is stocked in accor-
(see Appendix E (Pool)). dance with the Public Spa Regulation as it
requires additional items.

Emergency Telephone

SIGNAGE
• Class A pool – An Emergency Telephone must be provided. The Emergency
Telephone must be easily accessible from the deck and tested daily before the
pool is opened for use.
• Class B pool – A Telephone for Emergency Use is accessible no farther than
30 m from the pool and must be tested daily before the pool is opened for use.

QUALIFICATIONS
LIFEGUARD
NOTE: As cellular telephones can be easily moved away from the Emergency
Telephone instructions required under Section 19.3; may experience reception
problems at any time; or can run out of power quickly if not fully charged, a cellular
telephone cannot be used as an Emergency Telephone (Class A) or Telephone for
Emergency Use (Class B) at a public pool.
PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS

The following methods are acceptable to determine if the Emergency Telephone

(Class A) or the Telephone for Emergency Use (Class B) is operational:
1) If connected directly to a private security system, the pool operator must allow
the telephone to connect through and talk, person-to-person, with the individual
monitoring the telephone line.
CONCLUSION

2) If connected to the local telephone utility and the 911 service would be used,
POOL

the pool operator must dial and connect through to an outside local number
other than the 911 service.

Middlesex-London Health Unit 11

 Public Pool Operators Guide

3) If connected through to another internal extension, such as the front desk of a

CLASSIFICATION

hotel or health club, etc, there must be some mechanism in place at the other
OF POOLS

extension to alert the person receiving the call that there is an emergency call
from the pool telephone.
Ground Fault Circuit Interruptor (GFCI) and De-energizer
• Test buttons associated with the GFCI and de-energizing devices must be
REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY

tested daily before the pool is opened for use.

Pool Water Outlet Covers
• All pool water outlet covers must be checked at least once every 30 days and
if any of the pool’s water outlet covers is found to be loose or missing, the pool
must be closed until the cover is repaired or replaced.
SAFETY
POOL

NOTE: The pool must also be closed if the water outlet cover is broken, as the risk of
entrapment is increased when the integrity of the water outlet cover is comprised.
Chemical Safety and Storage
• Provisions must be made for the safe storage and handling of all chemicals
OPERATION

required for pool operation.

POOL

NOTE: A hazardous situation can be created when chemicals come into contact with
small amounts of water, heat or flames, or due to improper mixing or contamination.
Pool chemicals that are not stored appropriately can result in fires, toxic vapours or
other incidents. Ensure manufacturers’ instructions are followed when storing and
CHEMISTRY
POOL

handling chemicals.
Ensure that personal protective equipment is available (gloves, respirators, apron,
etc) and that Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for all chemicals used are located
on site. Do not eat, drink or smoke in the chemical storage area.
NOTE: NEVER ADD WATER TO CHEMICALS, ALWAYS ADD CHEMICALS TO
SIGNAGE

WATER� (This note does not preclude the owner / operator from any other require-
ments as set out by any other Act and / or Regulations.)
Reasons for Pool Closure
QUALIFICATIONS

• As it is the responsibility of every public pool operator to maintain the pool and
LIFEGUARD

its equipment in a safe and sanitary condition, ensure that the pool is closed
to bathers at any time that an unsafe or unsanitary condition may be present.
Please see Appendix D for examples of reasons to close the pool. Remember
that if a potential health hazard exists at the pool facility, the owner / operator
has an obligation to close the pool to protect bathers.
PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS

Written Emergency and Operational Procedures

• Every owner / operator must ensure that written emergency and operational
procedures and instructions are available at the pool, to be implemented in the
event of an emergency, incident or injury. Appendix C is an example of what
CONCLUSION

emergency and operational procedures should include.

POOL

12 Middlesex-London Health Unit

Public Pool Operators Guide

CLASSIFICATION
OF POOLS
REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY
SAFETY
POOL
POOL OPERATION

OPERATION
POOL
Every owner / operator of a public pool must ensure that:
• all components of the recirculation system of the pool are maintained in proper
working order;
• all surfaces of the pool deck and walls are maintained in a sanitary condition

CHEMISTRY
POOL
and free from hazards (see Appendix F);
• the pool water is maintained free from visible matter that may be hazardous to
the health or safety of bathers;
• the submerged surfaces of the pool are white or light in colour, except for
markings for safety and competition purposes;

SIGNAGE
• the perimeter drain of the pool is kept free from debris;
• exposed piping (within the pool enclosure, inside the structure of the pool and
inside appurtenant structures to the pool) are identified by:
– colour coding with coloured bands at least 2.5 cm wide spaced along the

QUALIFICATIONS
LIFEGUARD
piping at intervals not greater than 1.2 m, or
– painting the entire outer surface of the piping, in accordance with the
following code:
chlorine – yellow
potable water – green;
PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS

• where changing rooms, toilets and shower facilities are provided for the pool,
they are available for bathers use before entering the deck;
• where toilets are provided, they are supplied with toilet paper;
• the pool, the deck and where provided, the dressing and locker rooms, toilets,
showers and connecting corridors are:
CONCLUSION

– kept clean, disinfected and free from slipperiness;

POOL

– free of hazardous obstructions, and

– ventilated to remove odours.

Middlesex-London Health Unit 13

 Public Pool Operators Guide
CLASSIFICATION
OF POOLS
REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY
SAFETY
POOL
OPERATION
POOL
CHEMISTRY
POOL
SIGNAGE
QUALIFICATIONS
LIFEGUARD
PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS

POOL CHEMISTRY
Required Pool Water Chemical Levels
CONCLUSION

The table below outlines the chemistry requirements for pool water to ensure
POOL

adequate disinfection is achieved in order to kill microorganisms that may cause

recreational water illnesses.

14 Middlesex-London Health Unit

Public Pool Operators Guide

Table 2� Required Water Chemical Levels

CLASSIFICATION
OF POOLS
Chemical Test Required level

Free available chlorine (unstabilized pool) At least 0.5 mg/L (ppm)

REQUIREMENT
Free available chlorine (stabilized pool) At least 1.0 mg/L (ppm)

TO NOTIFY
Bromine At least 2.0 mg/L (ppm)

pH 7.2 – 7.8

SAFETY
POOL
Total alkalinity Minimum of 80 mg/L (ppm)

Cyanuric acid
No greater than 60 mg/L (ppm)
(stabilized pool – uncovered outdoors)

OPERATION
POOL
NOTE: mg/L = milligrams per litre; ppm = parts per million
It is important to ensure that pH, total alkalinity, and cyanuric acid levels are within the
required ranges, as the ability of chlorine/bromine to disinfect pool water decreases
when the levels of these chemicals are too high or too low. Please see Appendix H

CHEMISTRY
for water chemistry terms and common problems associated with chemical levels that

POOL
are not maintained within appropriate parameters.
Pool Fouling
In the case of a pool fouling incident, see Appendix G as higher levels of chlorine /
bromine may be required for longer periods of time in order to kill microorganisms

SIGNAGE
such as Cryptosporidium.
Daily Recording
It is the responsibility of every operator to maintain and sign daily records that outline
the following: (See Tests and Inspections section below)

QUALIFICATIONS
LIFEGUARD
• free available chlorine (FAC) level;
• total chlorine level, or if bromine is used; total bromine level;
• pH value;
• number of bathers; PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS
• Make-up Water meter reading;
• any emergencies, rescues or breakdowns of equipment;
• the time of day when the Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) and
Emergency Telephone, or Telephone for Emergency Use are checked.
Tests and Inspections
CONCLUSION

In order to comply with Ontario Regulation 565 – Public Pools, the following tests
POOL

and inspections must be conducted by the owner / operator of a public pool.

See Appendix I (Pool) for an easy-to-use Public Pool Records Log sheet.

Middlesex-London Health Unit 15

 Public Pool Operators Guide

Table 3� Test and Inspections

CLASSIFICATION
OF POOLS

Tests, Inspections and Recording Frequency

Free available chlorine/total bromine Daily; one half (½) hour before pool
opening and every two (2) hours
thereafter
REQUIREMENT

pH
TO NOTIFY

Emergency Telephone

Ground Fault Circuit Interruptor (CFCI) test buttons activated

Daily before opening
SAFETY

Safety equipment and first aid box

POOL

Water clarity (black disc must be clearly visible from nine

(9) metres away) (also ensure to check throughout day)
OPERATION

Total chlorine (FAC + combined chlorine)

POOL

Total number of bathers

Daily
Make-up Water meter reading (20 L/bather/day minimum)
CHEMISTRY
POOL

Any emergencies, rescue, breakdowns of equipment

Cyanuric acid (if applicable – ie. outdoor chlorinated pools) Weekly

SIGNAGE

Water outlet covers (must also be signed by person

Once every 30 days
who did inspection)

Skimmer lids, water outlet covers checked

QUALIFICATIONS

Recommended daily or weekly

LIFEGUARD

Total alkalinity

NOTE: Where pool water is controlled by automatic sensing devices and the pH value
and the disinfectant residual (free available chlorine / bromine) are automatically
determined and displayed, or continuously recorded, the operator shall, at least once
PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS

every day, manually determine the following to ensure that the automatic sensing
devices continue to work properly:
• the pH value;
• the free available, and
• the total chlorine residual or the bromine residual.
CONCLUSION

NOTE: All pool records must be kept for at least one year, be signed by the operator
POOL

who conducted the tests and inspections, and be available for the Public Health
Inspector when requested.

16 Middlesex-London Health Unit

Public Pool Operators Guide

Test Kit and Testing Method

CLASSIFICATION
A fully equipped test kit must have the appropriate chemical reagents to test for

OF POOLS
the following:
• Free Available Chlorine (FAC);
• total chlorine or total bromine;
• total alkalinity;

REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY
• pH, and
• cyanuric acid (if used).
The diethyl-p-phenylene diamine (DPD) method is required for measuring FAC as it
is unaffected by the presence of chloramines in pool water. The orthotolidine (OTO)
method is not permitted for chlorine readings as it is adversely affected by the

SAFETY
POOL
presence of chloramines in pool water.
NOTE: Chemical reagents can lose their strength over time, therefore it is recom-
mended that chemical reagents be replaced as necessary and as per manufacturer’s
recommendations. The chemical reagents must also be stored as per manufacturer’s
instructions as extreme weather changes can also affect the effectiveness of the

OPERATION
POOL
chemical reagents.
How to Take Pool Water Sample
Be sure to always follow the manufacturer’s instructions. The following tips are useful
in ensuring accurate readings:

CHEMISTRY
POOL
• The pool water sample should be taken away from the jets.
• The pool water sample should be taken from 18 inches below the surface.
• The chemical reagent is to be added with the reagent bottle held completely
upside down (straight up and down).
• Ensure the correct number of chemical reagent drops are added to the water

SIGNAGE
sample, so that accurate readings are obtained.
Make-up Water
To reduce the effects of total dissolved solids, Ontario Regulation 565 - Public Pools
requires that 20 litres of Make-up Water per bather per day must be added to pool

QUALIFICATIONS
LIFEGUARD
water each operating day, as determined by a water meter. This Make-up Water must
be added from an external source and be free from contamination that may put the
health of bathers at risk. The pool and its recirculation system must also be separate
from the make-up water supply and from the sewer or drainage system into which the
Make-up Water drains.
PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS
CONCLUSION
POOL

Middlesex-London Health Unit 17

 Public Pool Operators Guide

Water Meter
CLASSIFICATION

Every owner and operator shall ensure that a water meter is provided that registers
OF POOLS

the volume of all Make-up Water that is added to the pool.

Make-up Water can be calculated using the following formula:
REQUIREMENT

Make-up Water = 20 L x average daily number of bathers

TO NOTIFY

Example:
What volume of Make-up Water must be added to a swimming pool after 65 bathers
visited over the course of the day?
SAFETY
POOL

Step 1: Use formula

Make-up Water = 20 L x number of bathers

Step 2: Fill in values

OPERATION

Make-up Water = 20 L x 65
POOL

Make-up Water = 1,300 Liters

Step 3: Divide by 3.785 to convert the volume in liters to the volume in gallons
Make-up Water = 1,300 / 3.785
CHEMISTRY

Make-up Water = 343.46 gallons

POOL

After 65 bathers have visited the swimming pool on a given day, 343.46 gallons of
fresh potable water must be added to the swimming pool. For instance, if the water
meter displayed 123,456 gallons at the beginning of the day, the water meter should
indicate 123,799.46 (123,456 + 343.46) gallons after fresh water has been added to
SIGNAGE

the pool.
Turnover Rate
See Ontario Building Code and the Ontario Regulation 565 – Public Pools for
the most current requirements
QUALIFICATIONS
LIFEGUARD

Turnover Rate is the time it takes (in hours) for the circulation system to move an
amount of water equivalent to the volume of the pool through the filtration system
one time. Once processed through the filter, water is disinfected and then returned to
the pool.
Turnover Rate is calculated using the following formula:
PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS

Turnover Rate (hours) = Pool Volume ÷ Flow Rate ÷ 60 minutes / hour

CONCLUSION
POOL

18 Middlesex-London Health Unit

Public Pool Operators Guide

Pool volume is calculated using the following formula:

CLASSIFICATION
OF POOLS
Volume = Length x Width x Average Depth

Flow Rate

REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY
Flow Rate is measured with a flow meter and is calculated using the following formula:

Flow rate = Pool volume ÷ Turnover rate ÷ 60 minutes / hour

SAFETY
POOL
Example:
What is the volume of a rectangular pool with a length of 46 feet, a width of 24 feet,
and a depth ranging from four (4) feet in the shallow end to eight (8) feet in the
deep end?

OPERATION
POOL
Step 1: Use formula
Volume = Length x Width x Average Depth

Step 2: Fill in values

CHEMISTRY
Volume = 46 x 24 x (4+8 /2)

POOL
= 6,624 feet cubed

Step 3) Multiply by 7�5 to convert volume in feet cubed to volume in gallons

Volume = 6,624 x 7.5
= 49,680 gallons

SIGNAGE
Example:
A 275,000 gallon pool needs to turn over the water every six (6) hours. What flow rate
is required for this turn over rate?

QUALIFICATIONS
LIFEGUARD
Step 1: Use formula
Turnover Rate (hours) = Pool Volume / Flow Rate / 60 minutes/ hour

Step 2: Fill in values

6 hours = 275,000 gallons / Flow Rate / 60 minutes / hour
PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS

Step 3: Solve for “Flow Rate”

Flow Rate = 275,000 gallons / 60 minutes / hour x 6 hours
= 763.89 gallons/minute
CONCLUSION

The flow meter should be indicating that 763.89 gallons of water are passing through
POOL

the circulation system every minute.

Middlesex-London Health Unit 19

 Public Pool Operators Guide

Flow Meter
CLASSIFICATION

Public pools and spas must be equipped with a flow measuring device that displays
OF POOLS

the rate of water flowing through the circulation system. Flow Meters must be
properly sized for the design flow rate (the flow rate necessary to meet all operational
requirements). Ensure to consult your local Building Department as to where the
Flow Meter must be installed. The Flow Meter is an important device designed to
help the owner or operator determine whether the appropriate pool water turnover
REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY

rate is being achieved. The flow meter gauge must be located in a manner that
permits easy observation.
SAFETY
POOL
OPERATION
POOL
CHEMISTRY
POOL
SIGNAGE
QUALIFICATIONS
LIFEGUARD
PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS
CONCLUSION
POOL

20 Middlesex-London Health Unit

Public Pool Operators Guide

CLASSIFICATION
OF POOLS
REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY
SAFETY
POOL
OPERATION
POOL
CHEMISTRY
POOL
SIGNAGE
See Appendix J (Pool) for the required signage and the corresponding section of
the Regulation, which indicates proper lettering size guidelines and the locations

SIGNAGE
where it must be posted.
General Pool Rules Sign
The following signage must be posted in no fewer than two (2) places at the pool:

QUALIFICATIONS
LIFEGUARD
i No person infected with a communicable disease or having open sores
on his or her body shall enter the pool.
ii No person shall bring a glass container onto the deck or into the pool.
iii No person shall pollute the water in the pool in any manner and that
PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS
spitting, spouting of water and blowing the nose in the pool or on the
deck are prohibited.
iv No person shall engage in boisterous play in or about the pool.
v The maximum number of bathers permitted on the deck and in the pool
at any time is ________. (Always 10 if the pool is greater than 93 square
CONCLUSION

metres and is unsupervised regardless of the actual calculation).

POOL

vi The emergency telephone is located __________________________.

Middlesex-London Health Unit 21

 Public Pool Operators Guide

Calculating the Maximum Bather Load

CLASSIFICATION

The surface area of the pool water needs to be calculated before the calculation
OF POOLS

can be done to determine the maximum number of bathers that are allowed to be
within the pool enclosure. The shallow and deep areas of the pool must be calculated
separately.
• The shallow area of the pool is the part that is 1.35 metres (4.5 feet)
REQUIREMENT

or less in depth.
TO NOTIFY

• The deep area of the pool is the part that is greater than 1.35 metres (4.5 feet)
in depth.
Formula for Maximum Bather Load:
SAFETY
POOL

Maximum Bather Load = Area of deep end + Area of shallow end = __ people
2�5 1�4
OPERATION
POOL

Example:
The width of the swimming pool is 10 metres and the length is 15 metres. The deep
area (more than 1.35 m in depth) and shallow area (1.35 m or less in depth) of the
pool have the following dimensions:
CHEMISTRY

Deep area: Length: 8 metres

POOL

Width: 10 metres
Shallow area: Length: 7 metres
Width: 10 metres
SIGNAGE

Calculations:
Step 1: Use formula to calculate surface areas for deep and shallow ends
Surface Area = Length X Width
QUALIFICATIONS

Step 2: Use formula to determine bather load

LIFEGUARD

Maximum Bather Load = Area of deep end + Area of shallow end = __ people
2.5 1.4

Step 3: Fill in values

PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS

Maximum Bather Load = (8 x 10) + (7 x 10) = 32 + 50

STANDARDS

.5 1.4
= 82 bathers

NOTE: For unsupervised Class B pools that have a pool water surface area of
greater than 93 square metres, the bather load must always be 10, regardless
CONCLUSION

of the calculation.
POOL

22 Middlesex-London Health Unit

Public Pool Operators Guide

Shower Sign

CLASSIFICATION
Many bathers do not realize the important role showering before swimming plays

OF POOLS
in helping to keep pool water clean. Adequate showering by bathers helps remove
contaminants including dead skin, dirt, sweat, body oils and feces; it is also crucial to
preventing the spread of microorganisms , including Cryptosporidium (a microscopic
parasite not quickly killed with conventional levels of chlorine). Educating bathers
about the importance of showering can go a long way to helping prevent recreational

REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY
water illnesses.
The following notice must be posted at the entrance of each shower area and at
every entrance to the deck used by bathers:

Each bather shall take a shower using warm water and soap and thoroughly

SAFETY
POOL
rinse off all soap before entering or re-entering the deck�

Emergency Telephone Sign

OPERATION
A sign including the information outlined below must be posted at the location of the

POOL
Emergency Telephone or the Telephone for Emergency Use:

EMERGENCY TELEPHONE IN STRUCTIONS

CHEMISTRY
POOL
DIAL 911
1. REMAIN CALM� SPEAK CLEARLY� ANSWER�

SIGNAGE
2. This pool is located at: _________________________________________________
(address)

3. Enter the property off of: ________________________________________________

(special directions to the pool)

QUALIFICATIONS
4. State the type of emergency (drowning, electrical, spinal injury).

LIFEGUARD
5. Remain on the line until the operator tells you to hang up.
6. When finished calling 911 – call: _________________________________________
(Owner/Operator information)

PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS
PLEASE NOTE: If the Emergency Telephone is connected to a reception desk,
directly connected to emergency services, or you must dial a number to get an
outside line, indicate this information prominently on the sign.
No Diving Sign
If the maximum pool water depth is less than 2.50 m, one of the following signs must
CONCLUSION
POOL

be posted with lettering at least 15 cm high in a conspicuous location easily visible

to bathers.

Middlesex-London Health Unit 23

 Public Pool Operators Guide

CAUTION – AVOID DEEP DIVES

CLASSIFICATION
OF POOLS

or

SHALLOW WATER – NO DIVING

REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY

Deck Markings
On the deck of the pool, the water depths must be clearly marked in figures not less
than 10 cm high indicating:
SAFETY
POOL

• deep points;
• shallow points, and
• breaks between gentle and steep bottom slopes.
In addition, the words DEEP AREA and SHALLOW AREA must be marked in figures
OPERATION

not less than 10 cm high at their appropriate locations on the deck.

POOL

Unsupervised Pool Sign

Only Class B public pools that are not operated in conjunction with a day care facility
or day camp may be unsupervised, provided that the appropriate signs are posted.
Class B pools that have a water surface area of less than 93 square metres, must
CHEMISTRY
POOL

have the following notice posted in lettering no less than 25 mm high within the pool
enclosure in a conspicuous location easily visible to bathers:

CAUTION
SIGNAGE

THIS POOL IS UNSUPERVISED� BATHERS UNDER TWELVE YEARS

OF AGE ARE NOT ALLOWED WITHIN THE POOL ENCLOSURE UNLESS
ACCOMPANIED BY A PARENT OR HIS OR HER AGENT WHO
IS NOT LESS THAN SIXTEEN YEARS OF AGE�
QUALIFICATIONS
LIFEGUARD

Class B pools that have a water surface area of greater than 93 square metres,
must have the following notice posted in lettering no less than 25 mm high, within
the pool enclosure in a conspicuous location easily visible to bathers:
PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS

CAUTION
THIS POOL IS UNSUPERVISED� BATHERS UNDER TWELVE YEARS
OF AGE ARE NOT ALLOWED WITHIN THE POOL ENCLOSURE UNLESS
ACCOMPANIED BY A PARENT OR HIS OR HER AGENT WHO IS NOT LESS
CONCLUSION

THAN SIXTEEN YEARS OF AGE� THE TOTAL NUMBER OF BATHERS ON THE

POOL

DECK AND IN THE POOL SHALL NOT EXCEED TEN�

24 Middlesex-London Health Unit

Public Pool Operators Guide

CLASSIFICATION
OF POOLS
REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY
SAFETY
POOL
OPERATION
POOL
CHEMISTRY
POOL
LIFEGUARD QUALIFICATIONS
Lifeguards must:

SIGNAGE
• be at least 16 years of age;
• be the holder of a current National Lifeguard Service (NLS) Lifeguard Certificate
that is dated not more than two (2) years prior to the date of which he or she is
on duty;

QUALIFICATIONS
LIFEGUARD
• have the NLS Lifeguard Certificate, or a copy of the certificate, available at the
pool while on duty;
• be appropriately attired so they are readily identifiable, and
• be trained in all emergency and operational procedures. PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS
Assistant Lifeguards must:
• be at least 16 years of age;
• be the holder of a current Royal Life Saving Society Canada Bronze Cross or
Award of Distinction that is dated not more than two (2) years prior to the date
of which he or she is on duty;
CONCLUSION

• have the certificate, or a copy of the certificate, available at the pool while on duty;
POOL

• be trained in all emergency and operational procedures, and

• be appropriately attired so they are readily identifiable.

Middlesex-London Health Unit 25

 Public Pool Operators Guide

Table 4� Supervision Requirements

CLASSIFICATION

Minimum Numbers of Lifeguards and Assistant Lifeguards for a

OF POOLS

Public Pool with a Water Surface Area of 500 Square Metres or Less
(Other than a Wave Action Pool)

Where there are assistant lifeguards Where there are only lifeguards
REQUIREMENT

and lifeguards on duty on duty

TO NOTIFY

Number of bathers Minimum number of Number of bathers

Minimum number of
on the deck and in lifeguards and assistant on the deck and in
lifeguards on duty
the pool lifeguards on duty the pool
SAFETY
POOL

0 – 30 1 0 – 30 1
OPERATION
POOL

31 – 100 2 31 – 125 2
CHEMISTRY
POOL

101 – 200 3 126 –250 3

SIGNAGE

201 – 300 4 251 – 400 4

QUALIFICATIONS
LIFEGUARD

One additional lifeguard

One additional
or assistant lifeguard
lifeguard for each
300 or more for each additional 400 or more
additional 150 bathers
100 bathers or fraction
or fraction thereof
thereof
PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS

NOTE: The number of assistant lifeguards must not exceed the number of
lifeguards�
At least one person 16 years of age or over on duty at every Class A pool or on the
premises and within call shall be the holder of:
• a National Lifeguard Service (NLS) Lifeguard Certificate that is dated not more
CONCLUSION

than two (2) years prior to the date of which he or she is on duty; or
POOL

• a current first-aid certificate,

and have the certificate or a copy of the certificate available at the pool while on duty.

26 Middlesex-London Health Unit

Public Pool Operators Guide

For the purposes of the Regulation, “first aid certificate” means:

CLASSIFICATION
• St. John Ambulance Emergency, Standard or Advanced First-aid Certificate that

OF POOLS
is dated not more than three (3) years prior to the date on which the holder is
on duty;
• Canadian Red Cross Society’s Emergency, Standard or Advanced First-aid
Certificate that is dated not more than three (3) years prior to the date on which

REQUIREMENT
the holder is on duty;

TO NOTIFY
• Royal Life Saving Society Canada’s Aquatic Emergency Care Certificate that
is dated not more than three (3) years prior to the date on which the holder is
on duty;
• Canadian Ski Patrol’s Qualified Member or First-aid Certification prior to its date
of expiry, or

SAFETY
POOL
• a certificate that the Minister considers equivalent to a qualification referred to in
the Regulation.
Exemptions from the Safety Supervision Requirement
• Class B pools, other than a pool operated in conjunction with a daycare facility

OPERATION
or day camp, that have a water surface area of 93 square metres or less is

POOL
exempt from the safety supervision requirements provided the appropriate
notice is posted (see Appendix J for exact wording).
• Class B pools, other than a pool operated in conjunction with a daycare facility
or day camp, that have a water surface area greater than 93 square metres,

CHEMISTRY
and where the number of bathers does NOT exceed 10, is exempt from the

POOL
safety supervision requirements, provided that the appropriate notice is posted
(see Appendix J for exact wording).
Control Stations
• A Class A pool, other than a pool installed at a recreational camp, must be

SIGNAGE
equipped with:
– at least one (1) control station if the pool area is greater than
150 square metres, but not greater than 230 square metres, and
– at least two (2) control stations if the pool area is greater than

QUALIFICATIONS
LIFEGUARD
230 square metres.
• A control station must be:
– an elevated platform or chair not less than 1.8 m above the water surface;
– securely positioned while in use and located at the side of the pool so as
to permit an unobstructed view of the pool bottom area, and
PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS

– restricted to the exclusive use of lifeguards and assistant lifeguards.

CONCLUSION
POOL

Middlesex-London Health Unit 27

 Public Pool Operators Guide
CLASSIFICATION
OF POOLS
REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY
SAFETY
POOL
OPERATION
POOL
CHEMISTRY
POOL

PUBLIC POOL ADMISSION STANDARDS

SIGNAGE

Admission Standards for Public Pools were developed after a coroner’s investigation
into a drowning that occurred when a group of young children attending a supervised
public pool were unsupervised by their attendants. The investigation noted that had
the attendants stayed and supervised the young children, the drowning might not
QUALIFICATIONS
LIFEGUARD

have occurred. The Admission Standards were developed to prevent such tragedies
in the future. The Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care has requested public health
units, like the Middlesex-London Health Unit, to encourage all public pool owners and
operators to consider adopting these standards at their recreational water facilities.
Please consider these standards as a tool to assist you in preventing injuries or
PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS

drownings at your pool. It is recommended these standards be posted or that your

bathers be advised of them through written handouts.
Also consider the intent of these recommendations. Parental supervision is key to
assisting the lifeguard staff in ensuring safety within a pool enclosure.
Owners and operators of Class B Public Pools, who have decided not to provide
CONCLUSION

lifeguards, should strongly consider advising their users to limit the number of bathers
POOL

that a parent, or his or her agent, can take into the pool enclosure.

28 Middlesex-London Health Unit

Public Pool Operators Guide

An example of the Admission Standards has been provided below.

CLASSIFICATION
OF POOLS
IMPORTANT NOTICE
ADMISSION STANDARDS FOR PUBLIC POOLS

REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY
Admission Standards for Public Pools were developed by the Office
of the Chief Coroner to assist lifeguards and assistant lifeguards
in maintaining adequate surveillance over the whereabouts and the
activities of young bathers while they are inside the pool enclosure.

SAFETY
The Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care and the Middlesex-London

POOL
Health Unit strongly support these recommendations for the purposes
of preventing injuries and fatalities.

• Children under the age of 10 years who are non-swimmers

OPERATION
POOL
must be accompanied by a parent or guardian who is at least
12 years of age and responsible for their direct supervision�
The ratio of non-swimmers to parent or guardian may be a
maximum of four (4) bathers to one parent or guardian (4:1)�
The ratio of non-swimmers to parent or guardian may be

CHEMISTRY
POOL
increased to a maximum of eight (8) bathers to one parent or
guardian (8:1) if life jackets are worn by all non-swimmers in
their charge�
• Children under the age of 10 who are swimmers (able to

SIGNAGE
demonstrate comfort in the water and pass the facility swim
test) may be admitted to the swimming pool unaccompanied�
• Children under the age of six (6) years may not be admitted

QUALIFICATIONS
to the swimming pool unless they are accompanied by a

LIFEGUARD
parent or guardian who is responsible for their direct
supervision, with a maximum of two (2) children for each
parent or guardian�
• Guardians or group leaders are responsible for the children
PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS

in their care while in the facility and must directly supervise

the children at all times�
• Guardians or group leaders should be at least 12 years of age�
• Ratios of instructors/lifeguards to bathers must also be
CONCLUSION
POOL

maintained as per Regulation 565�

Middlesex-London Health Unit 29

 Public Pool Operators Guide
CLASSIFICATION
OF POOLS

IMPORTANT NOTICE
ADMISSION STANDARDS FOR
CLASS B UNSUPERVISED PUBLIC POOLS
REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY

Admission Standards for Public Pools were developed by the Office of the
Chief Coroner to assist lifeguards and assistant lifeguards in maintaining
adequate surveillance over the whereabouts and the activities of young
bathers while they are inside the pool enclosure. The Ministry of Health
and Long-Term Care and the Middlesex-London Health Unit strongly
SAFETY
POOL

support applying these recommendations for the purposes of preventing

injuries and fatalities at Class B Unsupervised Public Pools.

• The ratio of bathers under twelve years of age to parent or

guardian may be a maximum of four (4) bathers to one parent or
OPERATION
POOL

guardian (4:1)� The ratio of bathers under twelve years of age to

parent or guardian may be increased to a maximum of eight (8)
bathers to one parent or guardian (8:1) if life jackets are worn by
all bathers in their charge�
CHEMISTRY
POOL

• Children under the age of six (6) years may not be admitted to
the swimming pool unless they are accompanied by a parent or
guardian who is responsible for their direct supervision, with a
maximum of two (2) children for each parent or guardian�
SIGNAGE

• Guardians or group leaders are responsible for the children in

their care while in the facility and must directly supervise the
children at all times�
• Guardians or group leaders must be at least 16 years of age�
QUALIFICATIONS
LIFEGUARD
PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS
CONCLUSION
POOL

30 Middlesex-London Health Unit

Public Pool Operators Guide

CLASSIFICATION
OF POOLS
REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY
SAFETY
POOL
OPERATION
POOL
CHEMISTRY
CONCLUSION

POOL
Many bathers enjoy spending their leisure time at swimming pools to relax or to
exercise. Therefore, it is important for operators to protect their bathers and to apply
proactive water quality and safety management.
Public Health Inspectors (PHI) act as educators as well as enforcers. They provide

SIGNAGE
operators with information about public health and safety issues, while enforcing the
requirements of the Health Protection and Promotion Act and Ontario Regulation
565 – Public Pools. As PHIs conduct their inspections without advance notice to pool
owners / operators, it is not unusual for them to observe deficiencies during routine

QUALIFICATIONS
inspections. However, when deficiencies occur, it is the responsibility of the owner /

LIFEGUARD
operator to take interim measures to prevent any risk to the public and then to rectify
the problem(s) as soon as reasonably possible.
Finally, remember that keeping a facility in great condition is a demanding job. Take
pride in your work and feel good about yourself and the great work you do. PUBLIC POOL
ADMISSIONS
STANDARDS
CONCLUSION
POOL

Middlesex-London Health Unit 31

 PUBLIC SPA
OPERATORS GUIDE

w w w. h e a l t h u n i t . c o m
 Public Spa Operators Guide
PUBLIC SPA
DEFINITION
REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY
AND OPERATION
SPA SAFETY

PUBLIC SPA DEFINITION

A public spa means a hydro-massage pool containing an artificial body of water that
is intended primarily for therapeutic or recreational use. Public spas are not drained,
cleaned or refilled before use by each individual who uses them, and they include:
• hydrojets;
• air induction bubbles;
CHEMISTRY
SPA

• current flow, or
• a combination of any of these over the majority of the spa area.
The Public Spas Regulation applies to a public spa operated on the premises of, or
in conjunction with:
• an apartment building of more than five (5) units;
• a mobile home park, or nurses’ residence,
• a community of more than five (5) single-family residences;
SIGNAGE

• a hotel / motel;
• a campground;
• a club;
• a condominium / co-operative of more than five (5) units, or
• a day nursery, day camp or institution for the care or treatment of persons who
are ill, infirm or aged, or for persons in custodial care.
CONCLUSION
SPA

34 Middlesex-London Health Unit

Public Spa Operators Guide

PUBLIC SPA
DEFINITION
REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY
AND OPERATION
SPA SAFETY
REQUIREMENT TO NOTIFY WHEN A PUBLIC SPA
IS OPENING OR RE-OPENING
Before a public spa is put into use after construction or alteration, the owner or
operator must notify the Middlesex-London Health Unit in writing of:
• the building permit number issued for the construction or alteration of the spa;
• whether or not all the preparations necessary to operate the spa in accordance

CHEMISTRY
SPA
with the Regulation have been completed;
• the date that the spa is intended to be opened or reopened for use, and
• the owner and / or operator’s name and address (see Appendix A).
The owner and / or operator of a spa that will open / re-open after construction or
alteration must obtain permission in writing from the Middlesex-London Health Unit
before opening / re-opening it.
Before a public spa is put back into use after being closed (without any alteration)

SIGNAGE
for more than four (4) weeks duration, the owner and / or operator must notify the
Middlesex-London Health Unit in writing of:
• the date that the spa is intended to be reopened for use, and
• the owner and / or operator’s name and address (see Appendix B).
CONCLUSION
SPA

Middlesex-London Health Unit 35

 Public Spa Operators Guide
PUBLIC SPA
DEFINITION
REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY

SPA SAFETY AND OPERATION

Spa Operation
It is the responsibility of every owner and operator of a spa to maintain the spa and
its equipment in a safe and sanitary condition.
AND OPERATION
SPA SAFETY

Every owner and / or operator of a spa must ensure that:

• all components of the spa and its equipment are maintained in proper
working order;
• all emergency equipment is maintained in proper working order;
• all surfaces of the spa deck and walls are maintained in a sanitary condition
and free from potential hazards (see Appendix F);
• there is no carpeting or other water retentive material in any area that may
CHEMISTRY

become wet during daily use;

SPA

• no person brings glass onto the deck or in the spa;

• no food or beverage except water is supplied or consumed in the spa
or on the deck;
• dressing rooms, washrooms and shower facilities, if provided, are available
for use of bathers and maintained in a sanitary condition free from potential
hazards, and
• the spa is inaccessible to people who are not involved with its operation,
SIGNAGE

inspection or maintenance when it is not intended to be open for use.

Water Temperature
Every owner and / or operator of a spa must ensure that the spa water heater is
equipped with a tamper proof upper limit cut off switch that limits the maximum
temperature of the spa water to 40°C and is independent of the spa’s water
temperature thermostat.
CONCLUSION

Timing Device
SPA

Every owner and operator of a spa containing hydro-massage jet fittings must ensure
that the spa is equipped with a timing device that:
• controls the period of operation of the jet pump;

36 Middlesex-London Health Unit

Public Spa Operators Guide

• can be set to a maximum of 15 minutes, and

• is located where it requires the bather to exit the spa to reset it.

PUBLIC SPA
Suction System

DEFINITION
Every owner and operator must ensure that each suction system(s) (pumps)
that serves the spa is equipped with a vacuum relief mechanism that includes
the following:
• a vacuum release system;
• a vacuum limit system, or
• an engineered system designed, constructed and installed to conform to good

REQUIREMENT
engineering practice appropriate to the circumstances.

TO NOTIFY
NOTE: Entrapment hazards related to suction systems include; hair entrapment,
limb and body suction entrapment, mechanical entrapment and evisceration / disem-
bowelment. The Ontario Chief Coroner made a number of safety recommendations
following a coroners’ investigation in response to the tragic entrapment death of a
youth in a public spa. The intent of this section is to prevent future entrapment
deaths. The operator must be knowledgeable and capable of testing the vacuum
relief mechanism.

AND OPERATION
SPA SAFETY
Clock
Every owner and / or operator of a spa must ensure that a clock is installed in a
conspicuous location that can be viewed from anywhere in the public spa.
Steps
If steps are provided for the entry and exit of the spa, the owner / operator must
ensure they are equipped with:

CHEMISTRY
• a handrail;

SPA
• a non-slip surface on their treads, and
• a band of contrasting colour along the entire juncture of the side and top of the
edges of each step.
Emergency Telephone
It is the responsibility of every owner to ensure there is a land line Emergency
Telephone, located within 30 metres of the spa that connects directly to an emergency

SIGNAGE
service (not 911, as it is required to be tested daily) or the local telephone utility.
NOTE: As cellular telephones can be easily moved away from the emergency tele-
phone instructions required under Section 13 (3); may experience reception problems
at any time; and can run out of power quickly if not fully charged, a cellular telephone
cannot be used as an Emergency Telephone at public spa.
The following methods are acceptable to determine if the Emergency Telephone
is operational:
CONCLUSION

1) If connected directly to a private security system, the spa operator must allow
SPA

the telephone to connect through and talk, person-to-person, with the individual
monitoring the telephone line.

Middlesex-London Health Unit 37

 Public Spa Operators Guide

2) If connected to the local telephone utility and the 911 service would be used,
the spa operator must dial and connect through to an outside local number
other than the 911 service.
PUBLIC SPA
DEFINITION

3) If connected through to another internal extension, such as the front desk of a

hotel or health club, etc, there must be some mechanism in place at the other
extension to alert the person receiving the call that it is an emergency call from
the spa telephone.
Emergency Stop Button
Every owner and / or operator of a spa must ensure that all pumps are capable of
being deactivated by an emergency stop button that:
REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY

• is separate from the spa’s timing device;

• is located within the immediate vicinity of the spa, and
• activates an audible and visual signal when used.
NOTE: The intent of the Emergency Stop button is to quickly alert others of an
emergency at the spa.
First Aid Box
AND OPERATION
SPA SAFETY

Every owner and / or operator of a spa must ensure a fully stocked first aid box
(see Appendix E (Spa)) is provided in a convenient location for emergency use.
Other Emergency Equipment
The owner and operator of a spa that has an inner horizontal dimension greater than
three (3) metres in any direction must ensure that the following safety equipment is
present at the spa at all times:
Table 5� Other Emergency Equipment
CHEMISTRY
SPA

Equipment Additional Details

An operator will be deemed to be in

One (1) electrically insulated or non-conducting compliance if they have a reaching pole
reaching pole that is at least 3.65 m long. constructed of fiberglass and meeting the
length requirement.
SIGNAGE

One (1) buoyant throwing aid with a six (6) mm

diameter rope that is at least half the width of
the spa plus three (3) metres.

The spine board must include a minimum of

four (4) straps and be capable of holding a
One (1) spine board or other device
person rigid without breaking or causing any
other injury.
CONCLUSION
SPA

NOTE: If safety equipment is provided for a public pool that operates in the immediate
vicinity of a public spa, an owner and / or operator is not required to provide duplicate
emergency equipment, as long as these items are conveniently located for emergency
use at the spa.

38 Middlesex-London Health Unit

Public Spa Operators Guide

Chemical Safety and Storage

Provisions must be made for the safe storage and handling of all chemicals required
for spa operation.

PUBLIC SPA
DEFINITION
NOTE: A hazardous situation can be created when chemicals come into contact with
small amounts of water, heat or flames, or due to improper mixing or contamination.
Chemicals for spa use that are not stored appropriately can result in fires, toxic
vapours or other incidents. Ensure manufacturers’ instructions are followed when
storing and handling chemicals.
Ensure that personal protective equipment is available (gloves, respirators, apron,
etc) and that Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for all chemicals that are used are

REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY
located on site. Do not eat, drink or smoke in the chemical storage area.
NOTE: NEVER ADD WATER TO CHEMICALS, ALWAYS ADD CHEMICALS TO
WATER� (This note does not preclude the owner/operator from any other require-
ments as set out by any other Act and/or Regulations.)
Reasons for Closing a Spa
As it is the responsibility of every owner and operator of a public spa to maintain the

AND OPERATION
spa and its equipment in a safe and sanitary condition, ensure that the spa is closed

SPA SAFETY
to bathers at any time that an unsafe or unsanitary condition may be present. Please
see Appendix D for examples of reasons to close the spa.
Written Emergency and Operational Procedures
Although it is not outlined in the Public Spas Regulation, it is highly recommended
that every owner and / or operator ensure that written emergency and operational
procedures and instructions are available at the spa, to be implemented in the event
of an emergency, incident or injury.

CHEMISTRY
SPA
Operational procedures and instructions are also helpful for the daily, weekly and
monthly operation of the spa. Procedures should be detailed and provide clear
step-by-step instruction for necessary action(s) to be taken (see Appendix C).
Designation of Trained Operator
Every spa owner must designate an operator who is trained in public spa operation
and maintenance, filtration systems, water chemistry and all relevant safety and
emergency procedures. There are numerous courses available to instruct operators

SIGNAGE
about spa operation and spa chemistry.
Every operator must ensure that the filtration system and the chemical feeders are in
continuous operation without regard for the daily use period except during:
• maintenance or repairs that require the filtration system or chemical feeders to
be stopped;
• draining of the public spa;
• backwashing of filters, or
CONCLUSION
SPA

• times when the public spa is closed, if it remains closed for a period of
seven (7) or more consecutive days.

Middlesex-London Health Unit 39

 Public Spa Operators Guide
PUBLIC SPA
DEFINITION
REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY
AND OPERATION
SPA SAFETY
CHEMISTRY
SPA
SIGNAGE

SPA CHEMISTRY
Required Spa Water Chemical Levels
The warmer temperature of spa water has an effect on water chemistry balance.
When water temperature increases, scale formation is more likely on spa equipment,
CONCLUSION
SPA

leading to shorter filter runs, shorter life span of equipment and decreased circulation.
The table below outlines the chemistry requirements for spa water to ensure that
adequate disinfection levels are achieved to kill microorganisms that may cause
recreational water illnesses.

40 Middlesex-London Health Unit

Public Spa Operators Guide

Table 6� Required Spa Water Chemical Levels

Chemical Test Required level

PUBLIC SPA
DEFINITION
Free available chlorine 5.0 –10.0 mg/L (ppm)

Bromine 5.0 –10.0 mg/L (ppm)

pH 7.2 – 7.8

REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY
Total alkalinity Minimum of 80 mg/L (ppm)

Cyanuric acid (outdoor spa – uncovered) No greater than 150 mg/L (ppm)

NOTE: milligrams per litre (mg/L) = parts per million (ppm)

NOTE: Every owner and / or operator shall ensure that cyanurate stabilizer is NOT
added to a public spa if the spa and its deck are totally or partially covered by a roof.

AND OPERATION
SPA SAFETY
It is important to ensure that pH, total alkalinity, and cyanuric acid levels are within
required ranges, as the ability of chlorine / bromine to disinfect spa water decreases
when the levels of these chemicals are too high or too low.
Please see Appendix H for water chemistry terms and common problems that can
occur when water chemistry levels are not kept within appropriate parameters.
Spa Fouling
Due to the smaller volume of water in a spa, it may not be practical to use the

CHEMISTRY
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention procedures for a pool fouling. The following

SPA
is recommended in the event of a spa fouling:
• Evacuate bathers and close spa.
• Shut of recirculation system and chemical feed system.
• Remove as much of the waste as possible.
• Drain the spa completely.
• Clean and disinfect the interior of the spa (ensuring to reach all surfaces for

SIGNAGE
adequate contact time – see manufacturers instructions).
• Clean and sanitize equipment with 100 mg/L (ppm) chlorine.
• Refill the spa and restart recirculation system.
• Adjust free available chlorine/bromine to 10 mg/L (ppm).
• Balance water chemistry.
• Re-open spa.
Tests and Inspections
CONCLUSION
SPA

The following tests and inspections must be conducted by the owner and / or
operator of a public spa. All spa records must be kept for at least one (1) year, be
signed by the operator and be available for the Public Health Inspector upon request.
See Appendix I (Spa) for an easy-to-use Public Spa Records Log sheet.

Middlesex-London Health Unit 41

mor
e
Public Spa Operators Guide

Test Kit and Testing Method

A fully equipped test kit must have the appropriate chemical reagents to test for
the following:

PUBLIC SPA
DEFINITION
• free available chlorine or total bromine;
• total chlorine;
• total alkalinity;
• pH, and
• cyanuric acid (if used).
The diethyl-p-phenylene diamine (DPD) method is required as it is capable of

REQUIREMENT
measuring both FAC and Total Chlorine. The orthotolidine (OTO) method is not

TO NOTIFY
permitted for chlorine readings as it is adversely affected by the presence of
chloramines in spa water (measures total chlorine only).
How to Take a Spa Water Sample
Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions. The following tips are useful in ensuring
that accurate readings are obtained:
• The spa water sample should be taken away from the jets.

AND OPERATION
SPA SAFETY
• The spa water sample should be taken from 18 inches below the
water’s surface.
• The chemical reagent is to be added with the reagent bottle held completely
upside down (straight up and down).
• Ensure the correct number of chemical reagent drops are added to the water
sample, so that accurate readings are obtained.
Replacing Chemical Reagents

CHEMISTRY
NOTE: Chemical reagents can lose their strength over time, therefore it is recom-

SPA
mended that chemical reagents be replaced as necessary and as per manufacturer’s
recommendations. The chemical reagents must also be stored as per manufacturer’s
instructions as extreme weather changes can also affect the effectiveness of the
chemical reagents.
Water Replacement
If the volume of a public spa exceeds 4,000 litres, the owner and / or operator must

SIGNAGE
add Replacement Water to the spa each operating day in an amount that is not
less than 30 litres per bather, to a maximum of 20 per cent of the total spa
volume� For this purpose the public spa must be equipped with a water meter
capable of measuring the volume of Replacement Water added to the public spa
(see example below in water meter section).
Calculating How Often to Drain and Refill Spa (if under 4000 L)
If the spa volume is less than 4,000 litres, the operator must drain to waste and refill
CONCLUSION

the total volume of water in the public spa in accordance with the following formula:
SPA

WRI=V/(10×U)

Middlesex-London Health Unit 43

 Public Spa Operators Guide

where,
WRI is the maximum number of operating days that may elapse between drainings,
rounded up to a whole number,
PUBLIC SPA
DEFINITION

V is the total spa volume in litres, and

U is the total estimated number of bathers per day.
NOTE: This Replacement Water must be added from an external source and must be
free from contamination in order to protect bathers’ health.
Water Meter
A public spa must be equipped with a water meter capable of measuring the volume
REQUIREMENT

of Replacement Water added to the public spa if the spa volume exceeds 4,000 litres.
TO NOTIFY

It is important to know the exact volume of your spa since a maximum of

20 percent of the total spa volume can be added as Replacement Water per day,
regardless what the usage has been throughout the day�
Replacement Water can be calculated using the following formula:

Replacement Water = 30 L x bather use

AND OPERATION
SPA SAFETY

Example:
What volume of Replacement Water must be added to a public spa after
65 bather uses?
Step 1: Use formula
Replacement Water = 30 L x daily number of bather uses

Step 2: Fill in values

CHEMISTRY

Replacement Water = 30 L x 65
SPA

= 1,950 Liters

Step 3: Divide by 3�785 to convert volume in liters to volume in gallons

Replacement Water = 1,950 / 3.785
= 515.19 gallons

After 65 bather uses of the public spa in one (1) day, 515.19 gallons of fresh potable
SIGNAGE

water must be added to the spa pool. For instance, if the water meter displayed
123,456 gallons at the beginning of the day, the water meter should indicate
123,971.19 (123456 + 515.19) gallons after fresh water has been added to the spa.
Flow Meter
Public spas must be equipped with a flow measuring device that displays the rate of
water flowing through the circulation system. Flow meters must be properly sized for the
design flow rate (the flow rate necessary to meet all operational requirements). Ensure
CONCLUSION

to consult your local Building Department to determine where the flow meter must be
SPA

installed. The flow meter is an important device to assist owners and / or operators to
determine whether the appropriate turnover rate for spa water has been achieved. The
flow meter gauge must be located in a manner that permits easy observation.

44 Middlesex-London Health Unit

Public Spa Operators Guide

PUBLIC SPA
DEFINITION
REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY
SIGNAGE (APPENDIX J (SPA))
General Spa Rules Sign

AND OPERATION
SPA SAFETY
Every owner and / or operator of a spa must ensure that the following sign is posted
in a conspicuous place at each entrance to the public spa:

CAUTION
Children under the age of 12 are not allowed in the spa unless supervised by a
person who is 16 years of age or older.

CHEMISTRY
Pregnant women and persons with known health or medical conditions should

SPA
consult with a physician before using a spa.
Do not use the spa if you have an open sore or rash, or are experiencing
nausea, vomiting or diarrhea.
Overexposure may cause fainting. 10 to 15 minutes may be excessive for
some individuals. Cool down periodically and leave the spa if nausea or
dizziness occurs.

SIGNAGE
Enter and exit the spa slowly, to prevent slipping.
Do not play or swim near drains or suction devices. Your body, body parts, hair,
jewelry and other objects may become trapped and cause injury or drowning.
People with long hair should be especially careful.
Do not enter or remain in a spa if a drain cover or suction fitting is loose, broken
or missing. Immediately notify the spa operator.
CONCLUSION

No food or beverage except water is permitted within the deck or spa. No glass
SPA

containers of any kind are permitted within the deck or spa.

Maximum bather capacity ________ bathers

Middlesex-London Health Unit 45

 Public Spa Operators Guide

Maximum Bather Capacity

Every owner and / or operator of a spa must ensure that the maximum number of
people permitted to use a public spa at any time is the lesser of:
PUBLIC SPA
DEFINITION

• one person per square metre of surface water area, or

• the maximum bather load identified by the manufacturer of the spa.
NOTE: maximum bather capacity must be included on the General Spa Rules sign
shown above.
Shower Sign
Many bathers do not realize the important role that showering before entering a spa
REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY

plays in keeping spa water clean. Adequate showering by bathers helps remove
contaminants including dead skin, dirt, sweat, body oils and feces; it is also crucial to
preventing the spread of microorganisms, including Cryptosporidium (a microscopic
parasite not quickly killed with conventional levels of chlorine). Educating bathers
about the importance of showering can go a long way to helping to prevent
recreational water illnesses.
The following notice must be posted at the entrance of each shower area and at
AND OPERATION

every entrance to the deck used by bathers:

SPA SAFETY

Each bather shall take a cleansing shower using soap and warm water
and thoroughly rinse off all soap before entering the deck�

Timing Device Sign

Every owner and / or operator of a spa must ensure that a notice is posted at the
timing device that identifies it as a timing device.
CHEMISTRY
SPA

Emergency Stop Button Sign

Every owner/operator must ensure that the following notice is posted above the
emergency stop button:

In the event of emergency push emergency stop button and use emergency
phone� An audible and visual signal will activate�
SIGNAGE

Emergency Telephone Sign and Instructions

Every owner and / or operator of a spa must ensure that a sign indicating the
location of the Emergency Telephone is posted in a conspicuous location, near the
entrance to the public spa.
Further, the owner and / or operator must ensure that a sign identifying the telephone
as an Emergency Telephone is posted at the Emergency Telephone that:
CONCLUSION

• lists the names, telephone numbers and addresses of people who are available
SPA

for resuscitation, medical aid and fire services, and

• lists the full name and address of the public spa facility location and all of the
facility’s emergency telephone numbers.

46 Middlesex-London Health Unit

Public Spa Operators Guide

EMERGENCY TELEPHONE IN STRUCTIONS

PUBLIC SPA
DEFINITION
DIAL 911
1. REMAIN CALM� SPEAK CLEARLY� ANSWER�
2. This pool is located at: _________________________________________________

REQUIREMENT
(address)

TO NOTIFY
3. Enter the property off of: ________________________________________________
(special directions to the pool)

4. State the type of emergency (drowning, electrical, spinal injury).

5. Remain on the line until the operator tells you to hang up.
6. When finished calling 911 – call: _________________________________________
(Owner/Operator information)

AND OPERATION
SPA SAFETY
PLEASE NOTE: If the Emergency Telephone is connected to a reception desk,
directly connected to emergency services, or you must dial a number to get an
outside line, indicate this information prominently on the sign.
Deck Markings
Every owner and / or operator of a spa that has an inner horizontal dimension greater
than three (3) metres in any direction must also ensure that:

CHEMISTRY
• Deck markings in figures not less than 100 millimetres high must indicate the

SPA
water depths at:
– the deep points;
– the breaks between gentle and steep bottom slopes, and
– the shallow points.
The words DEEP AREA and SHALLOW AREA (if applicable) must be displayed at
the appropriate locations on the deck.

SIGNAGE
CONCLUSION
SPA

Middlesex-London Health Unit 47

 Public Spa Operators Guide
PUBLIC SPA
DEFINITION
REQUIREMENT
TO NOTIFY
AND OPERATION
SPA SAFETY

SPA CONCLUSION
CHEMISTRY

Many bathers enjoy spending their leisure time in spas to relax or get treatment.
SPA

Therefore, it is important for operators to protect their bathers and to apply proactive
water quality and safety management. If spas are not properly maintained, they can
pose the risk of communicable disease, serious injury, or death.
Public Health Inspectors (PHI) act as educators as well as enforcers. They provide
operators with information about public health and safety issues, while enforcing the
requirements of the Health Protection and Promotion Act and Ontario Regulation
428/05 – Public Spas. As PHIs conduct their inspections without advance notice
SIGNAGE

to pool owners / operators, it is not unusual for them to observe deficiencies during
routine inspections. However, when deficiencies occur, it is the responsibility of the
owner / operator to take interim measures to prevent any risk to the public and then to
rectify the problem(s) as soon as reasonably possible.
Finally, remember that keeping a spa facility in great condition is a demanding job.
Take pride in your work and feel good about yourself and the great work you do.
CONCLUSION
SPA

48 Middlesex-London Health Unit

 Public Pool and Public Spa Operators Guide

APPENDIX A
APPENDIX B
APPENDIX A: NOTIFICATION OF OPENING PUBLIC POOL / SPA
(New or Altered)

APPENDIX C
Name of Pool / Spa:___________________________________________________

Pool / Spa Address: __________________________________________________

APPENDIX D
Pool / Spa Phone #: __________________________________________________

Pool is: Indoor [] Spa is: Indoor [ ]

Outdoor [] Outdoor [ ]

APPENDIX E
Class A []
Class B []

Owner Name: _______________________________________________________

APPENDIX F
Owner Address: _____________________________________________________

Owner Phone #: _____________________________________________________

APPENDIX G
Operator Name: _____________________________________________________

Operator Address: ____________________________________________________

APPENDIX H
Operator Phone #: ___________________________________________________

Planned Opening Date: _______________________________________________

APPENDIX I
Building Permit #: ____________________________________________________

Please fill in all information above

APPENDIX J
and return this form 14 days prior to the planned opening date

Return this form to the Middlesex-London Health Unit

50 King Street, London, ON N6A 5L7
GLOSSARY

or by fax 519-663-9276
CONVERSION

London Office www.healthunit.com Strathroy Office - Kenwick Mall

CHART

50 King St., London, ON N6A 5L7 [email protected] 51 Front St. E., Strathroy, ON N7G 1Y5
tel: (519) 663-5317 • fax: (519) 663-9581 tel: (519) 245-3230 • fax: (519) 245-4772

Middlesex-London Health Unit 49

 Public Pool and Public Spa Operators Guide
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX B

APPENDIX B: NOTIFICATION OF RE-OPENING PUBLIC POOL / SPA

(Re-opening after 4 weeks or more of closure)
APPENDIX C

Name of Pool / Spa: __________________________________________________

Pool / Spa Address: __________________________________________________

APPENDIX D

Pool / Spa Phone #: __________________________________________________

Pool is: Indoor [] Spa is: Indoor [ ]

Outdoor [] Outdoor [ ]
APPENDIX E

Class A []
Class B []

Owner Name: _______________________________________________________

APPENDIX F

Owner Address: _____________________________________________________

Owner Phone #: _____________________________________________________

APPENDIX G

Operator Name: _____________________________________________________

Operator Address: ____________________________________________________

APPENDIX H

Operator Phone #: ___________________________________________________

Planned Opening Date: _______________________________________________

APPENDIX I

Please fill in all information above

APPENDIX J

and return this form 14 days prior to the planned opening date

Return this form to the Middlesex-London Health Unit

50 King Street, London, ON N6A 5L7
GLOSSARY

or by fax 519-663-9276
CONVERSION

London Office www.healthunit.com Strathroy Office - Kenwick Mall

CHART

50 King St., London, ON N6A 5L7 [email protected] 51 Front St. E., Strathroy, ON N7G 1Y5
tel: (519) 663-5317 • fax: (519) 663-9581 tel: (519) 245-3230 • fax: (519) 245-4772

50 Middlesex-London Health Unit

 Public Pool and Public Spa Operators Guide

APPENDIX A
APPENDIX B
APPENDIX A: NOTIFICATION OF OPENING PUBLIC POOL / SPA
(New or Altered)

APPENDIX C
Name of Pool / Spa:___________________________________________________

Pool / Spa Address: __________________________________________________

APPENDIX D
Pool / Spa Phone #: __________________________________________________

Pool is: Indoor [] Spa is: Indoor [ ]

Outdoor [] Outdoor [ ]

APPENDIX E
Class A []
Class B []

Owner Name: _______________________________________________________

APPENDIX F
Owner Address: _____________________________________________________

Owner Phone #: _____________________________________________________

APPENDIX G
Operator Name: _____________________________________________________

Operator Address: ____________________________________________________

APPENDIX H
Operator Phone #: ___________________________________________________

Planned Opening Date: _______________________________________________

APPENDIX I
Building Permit #: ____________________________________________________

Please fill in all information above

APPENDIX J
and return this form 14 days prior to the planned opening date

Return this form to the Middlesex-London Health Unit

50 King Street, London, ON N6A 5L7
GLOSSARY

or by fax 519-663-9276
CONVERSION

London Office www.healthunit.com Strathroy Office - Kenwick Mall

CHART

50 King St., London, ON N6A 5L7 [email protected] 51 Front St. E., Strathroy, ON N7G 1Y5
tel: (519) 663-5317 • fax: (519) 663-9581 tel: (519) 245-3230 • fax: (519) 245-4772

Middlesex-London Health Unit 51

 Public Pool and Public Spa Operators Guide
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX B

APPENDIX B: NOTIFICATION OF RE-OPENING PUBLIC POOL / SPA

(Re-opening after 4 weeks or more of closure)
APPENDIX C

Name of Pool / Spa: __________________________________________________

Pool / Spa Address: __________________________________________________

APPENDIX D

Pool / Spa Phone #: __________________________________________________

Pool is: Indoor [] Spa is: Indoor [ ]

Outdoor [] Outdoor [ ]
APPENDIX E

Class A []
Class B []

Owner Name: _______________________________________________________

APPENDIX F

Owner Address: _____________________________________________________

Owner Phone #: _____________________________________________________

APPENDIX G

Operator Name: _____________________________________________________

Operator Address: ____________________________________________________

APPENDIX H

Operator Phone #: ___________________________________________________

Planned Opening Date: _______________________________________________

APPENDIX I

Please fill in all information above

APPENDIX J

and return this form 14 days prior to the planned opening date

Return this form to the Middlesex-London Health Unit

50 King Street, London, ON N6A 5L7
GLOSSARY

or by fax 519-663-9276
CONVERSION

London Office www.healthunit.com Strathroy Office - Kenwick Mall

CHART

50 King St., London, ON N6A 5L7 [email protected] 51 Front St. E., Strathroy, ON N7G 1Y5
tel: (519) 663-5317 • fax: (519) 663-9581 tel: (519) 245-3230 • fax: (519) 245-4772

52 Middlesex-London Health Unit

 Public Pool and Public Spa Operators Guide

APPENDIX A
APPENDIX B
APPENDIX A: NOTIFICATION OF OPENING PUBLIC POOL / SPA
(New or Altered)

APPENDIX C
Name of Pool / Spa:___________________________________________________

Pool / Spa Address: __________________________________________________

APPENDIX D
Pool / Spa Phone #: __________________________________________________

Pool is: Indoor [] Spa is: Indoor [ ]

Outdoor [] Outdoor [ ]

APPENDIX E
Class A []
Class B []

Owner Name: _______________________________________________________

APPENDIX F
Owner Address: _____________________________________________________

Owner Phone #: _____________________________________________________

APPENDIX G
Operator Name: _____________________________________________________

Operator Address: ____________________________________________________

APPENDIX H
Operator Phone #: ___________________________________________________

Planned Opening Date: _______________________________________________

APPENDIX I
Building Permit #: ____________________________________________________

Please fill in all information above

APPENDIX J
and return this form 14 days prior to the planned opening date

Return this form to the Middlesex-London Health Unit

50 King Street, London, ON N6A 5L7
GLOSSARY

or by fax 519-663-9276
CONVERSION

London Office www.healthunit.com Strathroy Office - Kenwick Mall

CHART

50 King St., London, ON N6A 5L7 [email protected] 51 Front St. E., Strathroy, ON N7G 1Y5
tel: (519) 663-5317 • fax: (519) 663-9581 tel: (519) 245-3230 • fax: (519) 245-4772

Middlesex-London Health Unit 53

 Public Pool and Public Spa Operators Guide
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX B

APPENDIX B: NOTIFICATION OF RE-OPENING PUBLIC POOL / SPA

(Re-opening after 4 weeks or more of closure)
APPENDIX C

Name of Pool / Spa: __________________________________________________

Pool / Spa Address: __________________________________________________

APPENDIX D

Pool / Spa Phone #: __________________________________________________

Pool is: Indoor [] Spa is: Indoor [ ]

Outdoor [] Outdoor [ ]
APPENDIX E

Class A []
Class B []

Owner Name: _______________________________________________________

APPENDIX F

Owner Address: _____________________________________________________

Owner Phone #: _____________________________________________________

APPENDIX G

Operator Name: _____________________________________________________

Operator Address: ____________________________________________________

APPENDIX H

Operator Phone #: ___________________________________________________

Planned Opening Date: _______________________________________________

APPENDIX I

Please fill in all information above

APPENDIX J

and return this form 14 days prior to the planned opening date

Return this form to the Middlesex-London Health Unit

50 King Street, London, ON N6A 5L7
GLOSSARY

or by fax 519-663-9276
CONVERSION

London Office www.healthunit.com Strathroy Office - Kenwick Mall

CHART

50 King St., London, ON N6A 5L7 [email protected] 51 Front St. E., Strathroy, ON N7G 1Y5
tel: (519) 663-5317 • fax: (519) 663-9581 tel: (519) 245-3230 • fax: (519) 245-4772

54 Middlesex-London Health Unit

Public Pool and Public Spa Operators Guide

APPENDIX C: WRITTEN EMERGENCY

APPENDIX A
AND OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES
Section 17 (1) of Public Pools Regulation and highly recommended
for Public Spas

APPENDIX B
According to the Public Pools Regulation, “Every owner and every operator
shall ensure that there are written emergency and operation procedures and
instructions at the pool to be implemented in the event of an emergency, accident

APPENDIX C
or injury in the pool and that all lifeguards and assistant lifeguards are trained in the
emergency and operational procedures.”
Written emergency and operational procedures and instructions are to be posted
and / or provided in conspicuous locations to ensure quick response times.

APPENDIX D
Procedures should be detailed and provide clear, step-by-step instructions for
necessary action(s) to be taken.
Emergency Procedures

APPENDIX E
Written emergency procedures should be posted in a conspicuous location near the
Emergency Telephone (or Telephone for Emergency Use for Class “B” pools) and / or
lifeguard station. The following information should be included in the written
emergency procedures document:

APPENDIX F
1) Actions to be taken if an injury occurs on the deck.
2) Actions to be taken if an injury occurs in the pool.
3) Instructions on how to use the Emergency Telephone:

APPENDIX G
EMERGENCY TELEPHONE IN STRUCTIONS

DIAL 911

APPENDIX H
1. REMAIN CALM� SPEAK CLEARLY� ANSWER�

APPENDIX I
2. This pool is located at: _________________________________________________
(address)

3. Enter the property off of: ________________________________________________

(special directions to the pool)

APPENDIX J
4. State the type of emergency (drowning, electrical, spinal injury).
5. Remain on the line until the operator tells you to hang up.
6. When finished calling 911 – call: _________________________________________
GLOSSARY

(Owner/Operator information)

PLEASE NOTE: If the Emergency Telephone is connected to a reception desk,

directly connected to emergency services, or you must dial a number to get an
outside line, indicate this information prominently on the sign.
CONVERSION
CHART

4) A policy for recording incident reports.

5) Actions to be taken in the event of a pool fouling.

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Operational Procedures
APPENDIX A

Written operational procedures should be made available on site for owner / operator
use. Written operational procedures, including routine and emergency operations,
should be described in a clear, step-by-step way. It is also highly recommended that
all switches, valves, direction of water flow, etc are clearly labeled. The following are
APPENDIX B

only a few examples of information that should be included in the written operational
procedures document:
• Instructions on how to safely operate recirculation and electrical systems.
APPENDIX C

• Instructions on how to test emergency equipment (including Ground Fault

Circuit Interruptors (GFCI), etc)
• Instructions on how and when to backwash filter.
• Instructions on how to read and record values displayed on Flow Meter
APPENDIX D

and Water Meter.

The operational instructions for all pieces of equipment are to be included in the
written Operational Procedure Manual.
APPENDIX E
APPENDIX F
APPENDIX G
APPENDIX H
APPENDIX I
APPENDIX J
GLOSSARY
CONVERSION
CHART

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APPENDIX D: REASONS FOR POOL AND / OR SPA CLOSURES

APPENDIX A
It is the responsibility of the owner and / or operator to ensure that the pool / spa and
its equipment are maintained in a safe and sanitary manner. When these conditions
are not met, bathers are at an increased risk for injury or illness. Therefore, the owner

APPENDIX B
and / or operator must take action, including closing the pool / spa in some cases, to
eliminate the risk. The following is a list of possible risks and the concerns associated
with each, that should result in a pool or spa closure:

APPENDIX C
Risk or Concern Consequence(s)

Physical body / limb entrapment,

Broken, loose, or missing gravity or suction outlet
disembowelment, potential drowning.

APPENDIX D
Cloudy water:
Fellow bathers may not see a bather in
Pool - the black disc is not clearly visible from any distress at the bottom of the pool/spa.
point on the deck 9 m away from the disk.
Could also indicate unbalanced water
Spa - the lowest water outlet drain is not clearly

APPENDIX E
chemistry.
visible when the spa is in a non-turbulent state.

Recreational water illnesses (e.g. eye, skin,

No disinfectant or insufficient levels of disinfectant mucus membrane irritation / infection,

APPENDIX F
diarrhea, vomiting, etc.)

No disinfecting chemicals available on the premises Recreational water illnesses (see above)

Recreational water illnesses (see above)

APPENDIX G
Missing / incomplete or inadequate test kit Inability to test whether chemicals are at
appropriate levels

Circulation system not working Recreational water illnesses (see above)

APPENDIX H
Pool / spa fouling Recreational water illnesses (see above)

Emergency Telephone (Telephone for Emergency

Inability to get needed help
Use in Class B pools) not working

APPENDIX I
Ground Fault Circuit Interruptor (GFCI) button not
Potential electrical hazard
working / cannot be tested to verify that it is working

Emergency equipment deficient / missing / Difficulty in getting a injured bather the

not present lifesaving assistance they need
APPENDIX J
Spas - vacuum release / relief system not working /
Entrapment, potential drowning
cannot be tested to verify that it is working

May hinder rescue attempt or cause injury to

GLOSSARY

Emergency stop button not working properly

be more severe

Pools – inadequate lifeguard supervision Lifesaving help delayed

CONVERSION

Other deficiencies deemed to be a health hazard Could lead to injury, illness, death
CHART

NOTE: The public pool or spa must be made inaccessible to bathers when the pool
or spa is closed.

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APPENDIX E (POOL): PUBLIC POOL FIRST AID BOX CHECKLIST

APPENDIX A

† A current copy of the St. John Ambulance

or the Canadian Red Cross Society First Aid manual
† 12 safety pins
APPENDIX B

† 24 adhesive dressings individually wrapped

† 12 sterile gauze pads, each 75 mm²
† 4 rolls of 50 mm gauze bandage
APPENDIX C

† 4 rolls of 100 mm gauze bandage

† 4 sterile surgical pads individually wrapped
† 6 triangular bandages
APPENDIX D

† 2 rolls of splint padding

† 1 roll-up splint
APPENDIX E

Dates kit was checked: ______________________________________________

______________________________________________
APPENDIX F

______________________________________________

______________________________________________
APPENDIX G

______________________________________________

______________________________________________
APPENDIX H
APPENDIX I
APPENDIX J
GLOSSARY
CONVERSION
CHART

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APPENDIX E (SPA): PUBLIC SPA FIRST AID CHECK LIST

APPENDIX A
† Current copy of the St. John Ambulance
or Canadian Red Cross Society First Aid manual
† 12 safety pins

APPENDIX B
† 24 adhesive dressings, individually wrapped
† 12 sterile gauze pads, each 75 mm²
† 4 rolls of 50 mm gauze bandage

APPENDIX C
† 4 rolls of 100 mm gauze bandage
† 4 sterile surgical pads, individually wrapped
† 6 triangular bandages

APPENDIX D
† 2 rolls of splint padding
† 1 roll-up splint
† 1 pair of scissors

APPENDIX E
† 2 pairs of non-permeable gloves
† 1 resuscitation pocket mask

APPENDIX F
Dates kit was checked: ______________________________________________

______________________________________________

APPENDIX G
______________________________________________

______________________________________________

APPENDIX H
______________________________________________

______________________________________________

APPENDIX I
APPENDIX J
GLOSSARY
CONVERSION
CHART

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APPENDIX F: SANITATION AND PREVENTION

APPENDIX A

OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
All owners and / or operators must maintain the pool / spa, its equipment, sanitary
facilities, deck/walls in a safe and sanitary condition and free from hazards. These
APPENDIX B

requirements are stated in Sections 6(2)(a), 6(4)(b), 6(4)(i) and 11(1)(a) of the Public
Pools Regulation and Sections 5(1)(a) and 5(1)(d) of the Public Spas Regulation.
Recreational water facilities must be maintained in a safe and sanitary manner in
order to protect bathers from potential exposure to various communicable diseases.
APPENDIX C

Exposure to disease-causing organisms, known as pathogens, can come from a

variety of sources in a recreational water environment. Pathogens include bacteria,
viruses, fungi and parasites. Contaminated pool / spa water can contain pathogens
such as Pseudomonas, which can cause oozing rashes (including “hot tub rash” from
APPENDIX D

spas) and painful ear infections, and Staphylococcus aureus, which can cause skin,
ear and wound infections. Ingestion of fecal matter in water contaminated with
pathogens such as E. coli, Shigella, Norovirus, Giardia and Cryptosporidium(Crypto)
APPENDIX E

can cause symptoms such as diarrhea and cramps. In fact, according to the
U.S.Centres for Disease Control (CDC), diarrhea is one of the most commonly
reported recreational water illness. On average, people have about 0.14 grams
of feces on their bottoms which can contaminate recreational water (CDC). When
APPENDIX F

people are ill with diarrhea, their stool can contain millions of potential pathogens.
Therefore, bathers who are ill with diarrhea can easily contaminate pools / spas.
Vomiting accidents can also potentially result in the spread of Norovirus when
ingested. Poor sanitation of decks / floors can potentially cause skin infections which
APPENDIX G

can result in Athlete’s Foot and Plantar’s Warts. Blood-to-blood contact can occur
when bathers have open wounds, which are susceptible to pathogens such as
Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV. The consequences of exposure to pathogens
can be potentially life-threatening, particularly for vulnerable individuals, including
APPENDIX H

pregnant women, children and individuals with compromised immune systems.

When the pool / spa water system becomes contaminated, bacteria are capable of
creating biofilms, a dynamic, organized, cooperative community of bacteria. Biofilms
are characterized by a slime layer, which the bacteria embed themselves in to protect
APPENDIX I

themselves from disinfectants and can be very difficult to eliminate. In fact, biofilm
bacteria can survive a disinfectant level 100 times higher in concentration before
achieving the same kill as required by bacteria that float freely in the water (CDC).
Biofilm pathogens can harbour in filters or plumbing. According to the CDC, an
APPENDIX J

estimated 65% of human bacterial infections in aquatic environments involve biofilms.

Therefore, it is very important to ensure that pool / spa water surfaces, filters,
plumbing and fixtures are thoroughly cleaned on a regular basis.
GLOSSARY

Communicable diseases acquired from a recreational water facility can be prevented

through adequate disinfection of pool / spa water in accordance with the Public Pools
and Public Spas Regulations, ensuring the sanitation of pool / spa decks, walls,
floors, equipment and sanitary facilities, and regular maintenance of the pool / spa
CONVERSION

water system.
CHART

Disinfectants in pool / spa water can kill the pathogens but it takes time. In properly

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disinfected pools, chlorine kills most pathogens in less than an hour. However,

APPENDIX A
chlorine takes longer to kill some pathogens such as Crypto, which can survive
for days - even in a properly disinfected pool (CDC). This means that without your
attention and dilligence, illnesses can spread in even well-maintained pools.
Other important factors that can also help to minimize the spread of communicable

APPENDIX B
diseases in a public pool / spa include:
• Ensuring bathers with obvious signs of communicable disease / illness and / or
open sores / wounds do not enter the water.

APPENDIX C
• Ensuring bathers shower before entering water.
• Ensuring an adequate amount of make up water is added daily per bather.
Routine practices

APPENDIX D
Procedures should be in place to ensure all staff are aware of first aid procedures
and routine practices related to cleaning up feces, blood or body fluids and to seek
medical advice following an exposure incident. Routine practices involve the use of
barriers and practices to prevent exposure to potential infections. These practices

APPENDIX E
assume that all blood, body fluids and fecal substances are potential sources of
infection. Routine practices include:
• handwashing;
• proper use of personal protective equipment such as gloves, and

APPENDIX F
• routine cleaning and disinfecting
Disinfecting solutions
A common disinfecting solution used for routine disinfection of surfaces and for

APPENDIX G
surfaces contaminated with blood, body substances / fluids or other contamination is
a solution combining water and household bleach.
Directions:

APPENDIX H
– mix 9 equal parts of water with 1 part bleach
– avoid skin contact with solution
Since a bleach-water solution can lose its strength quickly, it should be mixed fresh
before each clean-up to ensure it is effective.

APPENDIX I
Clean-up Procedure Using Bleach Solution on Body Fluid Spills
1) Block the area of the spill off from patrons, until the clean-up and disinfection
is complete.
2) Put on disposable latex gloves to prevent contamination of hands. APPENDIX J

3) Wipe up the spill using paper towels or absorbent material and place these
in a plastic garbage bag.
GLOSSARY

4) Gently pour bleach solution onto all contaminated areas of the surface.
5) Let the bleach solution remain on the contaminated area for 20 minutes.
6) Wipe up the remaining bleach solution.
CONVERSION
CHART

7) All non-disposable cleaning materials used such as mops and scrub brushes
should be disinfected by saturating with bleach solution and air dried.

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8) Remove gloves and place in plastic garbage bag with all soiled cleaning
APPENDIX A

materials.
9) Double-bag and securely tie-up plastic garbage bags and discard.
10) Thoroughly wash hands with soap and water.
APPENDIX B

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Cleaning up body fluid spills on pool
surfaces. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/swimming/pools/cleaning-
body-fluid-spills.html/
APPENDIX C
APPENDIX D
APPENDIX E
APPENDIX F
APPENDIX G
APPENDIX H
APPENDIX I
APPENDIX J
GLOSSARY
CONVERSION
CHART

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APPENDIX G: POOL FOULING

APPENDIX A
**These procedures are better suited for a public pool. It may be more advantageous
to fully drain, sanitize, refill and rebalance water chemistry for a public spa due to
lower volume of water

APPENDIX B
Formed Stool
1) Direct everyone to leave the pool. If you have multiple pools that use the same
filter—all pools will have to be shut down. Do not allow anyone to enter the

APPENDIX C
contaminated pool until all decontamination procedures are competed.
2) Remove as much of the fecal material as possible using a net or scoop and
dispose of in a sanitary manner. Clean and disinfect the net or scoop (e.g. after
cleaning, leave the net or scoop immersed in the pool during disinfection).

APPENDIX D
VACUUMING STOOL FROM THE POOL IS NOT RECOMMENDED
3) Raise the chlorine to 2 ppm (if less than 2 ppm), and ensure the water’s pH is
between 7.2 - 7.5 and temperature is about 77°F (25°C). The chlorine concen-

APPENDIX E
tration was selected to keep the pool closure time to approximately 30 minutes.
Other concentrations or closure times can be used as long as the CT (Contact
Time) inactivation value is kept constant (see Figure 1).
4) Maintain the chlorine concentration at 2 ppm, pH 7.2 - 7.5, for at least 25

APPENDIX F
minutes before reopening the pool. Local Regulations may require higher
chlorine levels in the presence of chlorine stabilizers, which are known to slow
disinfection. Ensure that the filtration system is operating while the pool reaches
and maintains the proper free chlorine concentration during the disinfection

APPENDIX G
process.
Note: * Establish a fecal accident log. Document each fecal accident by recording
date and time of the event, whether it involved formed stool or diarrhea, and
the free chlorine and pH levels at the time or observation of the event. Before

APPENDIX H
reopening the pool, record the free chlorine and pH levels, the procedures
followed in response to the fecal accident (including the process used to
increase chlorine levels if necessary), and the contact time.

APPENDIX I
Figure 1-Giardia Inactivation for a Formed-Stool Fecal Accident

Chlorine Level (ppm) Disinfection Time*

APPENDIX J
1.0 45 minutes

2.0 25 minutes
GLOSSARY

3.0 19 minutes

* These closure times are based on 99.9% inactivation of Giardia cysts by chlorine at pH 7.5, 77°F
(25°C). The closure times were derived from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
CONVERSION

Disinfection Profiling and Benchmarking Guidance Manual. These closure times do not take into
CHART

account “dead spots” and other areas of poor pool water mixing.

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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2012, November 15). Fecal incident
APPENDIX A

response recommendation for pool staff. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthy-

water/pdf/swimming/pools/fecal-incident-response-recommendations.pdf/
Pool Fouling – Diarrhea
APPENDIX B

1) Direct everyone to leave the pool. If you have multiple pools that use the same
filter—all pools will have to be shut down. Do not allow anyone to enter the
contaminated pool until all decontamination procedures are competed.
2) Remove as much of the fecal material as possible using a net or scoop and
APPENDIX C

dispose of in a sanitary manner. Clean and disinfect the net or scoop (e.g. after
cleaning, leave the net or scoop immersed in the pool during disinfection).
3) Raise the free chlorine concentration to 20 ppm (mg/L) and maintain the water’s
pH between 7.2 - 7.5 and temperature at about 77°F (25°C). The chlorine and
APPENDIX D

pH should remain at these levels for at least 12.75 hours to achieve the CT
(Contact Time) inactivation value of 15,300 minutes. Cryptosporidium CT values
are based on the inactivation of 99.9% of oocysts. Laboratory studies indicate
that this level of Cryptosporidium inactivation cannot be reached in the
APPENDIX E

presence of 50 ppm chlorine stabilizer (cyanuric acid), even after 24 hours at

40 ppm free available chlorine, pH 6.5 at a temperature of about 77°F (25°C).
4) Ensure that the filtration system is operating while the pool reaches and
APPENDIX F

maintains the proper chlorine level during disinfection. If necessary, before

attempting the hyperchlorination of any pool, consult an aquatics professional to
determine the feasibility, the most optimal and practical methods, and needed
safety considerations.
APPENDIX G

5) Backwash the filter thoroughly after reaching the CT value. Be sure the
effluent is discharged directly to waste and accordance with local Regulations.
Do not return the backwash through the filter. Where appropriate, replace the
filter media.
APPENDIX H

6) Allow swimmers back into the pool after the required CT value has been
achieved and the chlorine level has been returned to the normal operating
range allowed by the state or local regulatory authority
APPENDIX I

Figure 2-Crypto Inactivation Time for a Diarrheal Fecal Accident

Chlorine Level (ppm) Disinfection Time*†

APPENDIX J

1.0 15,300 minutes (255 hours)

10 1,530 minutes (25.5 hours)

GLOSSARY

20 765 minutes (12.75 hours)

† At pH 7.5, 77°F (25°C).

CONVERSION

* Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2010, November 15). Fecal incident response
CHART

recommendations for pool staff. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/pdf/swimming/

pools/fecal-incident-response-recommendations.pdf/

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APPENDIX H: WATER CHEMISTRY

APPENDIX A
Chlorine
Chlorine is one of the two approved sanitizers for public pool and spa water in
Ontario. Many factors can affect the level of free available chlorine (FAC), including

APPENDIX B
bather load, sunlight, dirt and debris, and germs brought in by birds, animals and
bathers. Stabilized chlorine is used for outdoor pools and spas to slow down the
breakdown of chlorine via ultraviolet rays from the sun. Combined chlorine (also
known as chloramine) is produced when FAC has been used to kill germs and

APPENDIX C
oxidize organic material. This combined, or used, chlorine is a poor disinfectant,
achieving only a 2% bacterial kill rate relative to FAC. In addition, combined chlorine
is also associated with a “chlorine odour”, eye, skin and mucous membrane irritation.

APPENDIX D
Bromine
Bromine is another common pool water disinfectant, and the only alternative to
chlorine allowed in Ontario. Like chlorine, bromine is a disinfectant and oxidizer;
however, unlike chlorine, combined bromines (bromamines) are also excellent

APPENDIX E
sanitizers. Like chlorine, bromine is also destroyed by sunlight.
pH
The pH of pool water can affect water clarity, the efficiency of chlorine, bather

APPENDIX F
comfort, and the life span of the pool equipment. The following table illustrates the
problems that can be experienced when the pH is too high or too low.
Table 2� Issues Associated with Improper pH Levels

APPENDIX G
pH Too High pH Too Low

APPENDIX H
Scaling of pool equipment, Corrosive to pool equipment
reducing circulation, etc. (e.g. pitting of concrete, stripped metals)

Eye and skin irritations Eye and skin irritations

APPENDIX I
Decreased chlorine efficiency

Cloudy water APPENDIX J

Total Alkalinity
GLOSSARY

Total alkalinity is a measurement of the alkaline materials in the water which

prevent pH from fluctuating, it acts as a buffer. The ideal range for total alkalinity is
80 – 120 mg/L (ppm). When total alkalinity is high, it may cause the pH to drift to 8.4.
CONVERSION

When total alkalinity is low, pH bounce may occur, causing pH to change rapidly
CHART

and frequently with the addition of small amounts of chemical. The following table
illustrates the issues associated with high and low total alkalinity levels.

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APPENDIX I (POOL): PUBLIC POOL RECORDS LOG

APPENDIX A
To be inspected/tested ½ hour before opening
Operator’s Operator’s
Time Time
Signature Signature

APPENDIX B
Ground
Emergency Fault Detector/
Telephone De-energizing
properly functioning Device
Activated

APPENDIX C
Non-conducting Buoyant
Reaching Pole Throwing Aids
2 present
present
with adequate rope

APPENDIX D
Spine Board First Aid Kit
present with 4 straps Securely latches closed

Pool Rules Notices

2 posted Self-Latching Gate
Unsupervised Sign Securely latches closed

APPENDIX E
posted - if applicable

Public Pool – Bi-Hourly Water Chemistry and Clarity Tests

½ hour before am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/

APPENDIX F
opening pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm

Total Alkalinity
Minimum 80 ppm

pH

APPENDIX G
7.2-7.8

Free Available Chlorine

Unstabilized- at least 0.5 ppm
Stabilized- at least 1.0 ppm

Total Chlorine/

APPENDIX H
Total Bromine
Bromine- at least 2.0 ppm

Water Clarity
Black disc visible from 9 m

APPENDIX I
Total # of Bathers

Operator’s Initials

APPENDIX J
Water Meter Reading Records of any emergencies, rescues, or breakdowns of
Reading at beginning of day Reading at end of day
equipment, maintenance, etc�:
GLOSSARY

Make-up Water Added

20 L per bather/day

Weekly Cyanuric Acid Test for Stabilized Pool: (sign and date)
CONVERSION

(maximum 60 ppm)
CHART

Monthly Water Outlet Cover Security Test: (sign and date)

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APPENDIX I (SPA): PUBLIC SPA RECORDS LOG

APPENDIX A

To be inspected/tested ½ hour before opening

Operator’s Operator’s
Time Time
Signature Signature
APPENDIX B

Emergency Ground Fault

Telephone Circuit Interrupter
properly functioning activated

Caution Notices First Aid Kit

APPENDIX C

2 posted fully stocked

Non-conducting Buoyant
Reaching Pole Throwing Aid
present with
Present adequate rope
APPENDIX D

Spine Board Self-Latching Gate

present with 4 straps securely latches closed

Public Spa – Hourly Water Chemistry and Clarity Tests

APPENDIX E

½ hour before am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/
opening pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm

Total Alkalinity
Minimum 80 ppm
APPENDIX F

pH
7.2-7.8

Free Available Chlorine/

Total Bromine
5-10 ppm
APPENDIX G

Oxidation Reduction
Potential
Minimum 700 mV

Water Clarity
Lowest water outlet drain
APPENDIX H

visible in non-turbulent state

Total # of Bathers
Water Temperature
(maximum 40°C)
APPENDIX I

Operator’s Initials

Water Meter Reading Records of any emergencies, rescues, or breakdowns of

Reading at beginning of day Reading at end of day
equipment, maintenance, date of spa drain and refill, type
and amount of any chemicals added manually, etc�:
APPENDIX J

Make-up Water Added

30 L per bather/day (spa volume exceeds 4000 L)

After drain and refill, inspections of drain covers, suction fittings, emergency equipment within spa: (date and sign)
GLOSSARY

(secure and operational)

Weekly Cyanuric Acid Test for Stabilized Spa: (sign and date)
(maximum 150 ppm)

Monthly Water Outlet Cover Security Test: (sign and date)

CONVERSION
CHART

Monthly Emergency Stop Button Test: (sign and date)

Monthly Vacuum Release Mechanism Test: (sign and date)

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APPENDIX I (POOL): PUBLIC POOL RECORDS LOG

APPENDIX A
To be inspected/tested ½ hour before opening
Operator’s Operator’s
Time Time
Signature Signature

APPENDIX B
Ground
Emergency Fault Detector/
Telephone De-energizing
properly functioning Device
Activated

APPENDIX C
Non-conducting Buoyant
Reaching Pole Throwing Aids
2 present
present
with adequate rope

APPENDIX D
Spine Board First Aid Kit
present with 4 straps Securely latches closed

Pool Rules Notices

2 posted Self-Latching Gate
Unsupervised Sign Securely latches closed

APPENDIX E
posted - if applicable

Public Pool – Bi-Hourly Water Chemistry and Clarity Tests

½ hour before am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/

APPENDIX F
opening pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm

Total Alkalinity
Minimum 80 ppm

pH

APPENDIX G
7.2-7.8

Free Available Chlorine

Unstabilized- at least 0.5 ppm
Stabilized- at least 1.0 ppm

Total Chlorine/

APPENDIX H
Total Bromine
Bromine- at least 2.0 ppm

Water Clarity
Black disc visible from 9 m

APPENDIX I
Total # of Bathers

Operator’s Initials

APPENDIX J
Water Meter Reading Records of any emergencies, rescues, or breakdowns of
Reading at beginning of day Reading at end of day
equipment, maintenance, etc�: GLOSSARY

Make-up Water Added

20 L per bather/day

Weekly Cyanuric Acid Test for Stabilized Pool: (sign and date)
CONVERSION

(maximum 60 ppm)
CHART

Monthly Water Outlet Cover Security Test: (sign and date)

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APPENDIX I (SPA): PUBLIC SPA RECORDS LOG

APPENDIX A

To be inspected/tested ½ hour before opening

Operator’s Operator’s
Time Time
Signature Signature
APPENDIX B

Emergency Ground Fault

Telephone Circuit Interrupter
properly functioning activated

Caution Notices First Aid Kit

APPENDIX C

2 posted fully stocked

Non-conducting Buoyant
Reaching Pole Throwing Aid
present with
Present adequate rope
APPENDIX D

Spine Board Self-Latching Gate

present with 4 straps securely latches closed

Public Spa – Hourly Water Chemistry and Clarity Tests

APPENDIX E

½ hour before am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/
opening pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm

Total Alkalinity
Minimum 80 ppm
APPENDIX F

pH
7.2-7.8

Free Available Chlorine/

Total Bromine
5-10 ppm
APPENDIX G

Oxidation Reduction
Potential
Minimum 700 mV

Water Clarity
Lowest water outlet drain
APPENDIX H

visible in non-turbulent state

Total # of Bathers
Water Temperature
(maximum 40°C)
APPENDIX I

Operator’s Initials

Water Meter Reading Records of any emergencies, rescues, or breakdowns of

Reading at beginning of day Reading at end of day
equipment, maintenance, date of spa drain and refill, type
and amount of any chemicals added manually, etc�:
APPENDIX J

Make-up Water Added

30 L per bather/day (spa volume exceeds 4000 L)

After drain and refill, inspections of drain covers, suction fittings, emergency equipment within spa: (date and sign)
GLOSSARY

(secure and operational)

Weekly Cyanuric Acid Test for Stabilized Spa: (sign and date)
(maximum 150 ppm)

Monthly Water Outlet Cover Security Test: (sign and date)

CONVERSION
CHART

Monthly Emergency Stop Button Test: (sign and date)

Monthly Vacuum Release Mechanism Test: (sign and date)

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APPENDIX I (POOL): PUBLIC POOL RECORDS LOG

APPENDIX A
To be inspected/tested ½ hour before opening
Operator’s Operator’s
Time Time
Signature Signature

APPENDIX B
Ground
Emergency Fault Detector/
Telephone De-energizing
properly functioning Device
Activated

APPENDIX C
Non-conducting Buoyant
Reaching Pole Throwing Aids
2 present
present
with adequate rope

APPENDIX D
Spine Board First Aid Kit
present with 4 straps Securely latches closed

Pool Rules Notices

2 posted Self-Latching Gate
Unsupervised Sign Securely latches closed

APPENDIX E
posted - if applicable

Public Pool – Bi-Hourly Water Chemistry and Clarity Tests

½ hour before am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/

APPENDIX F
opening pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm

Total Alkalinity
Minimum 80 ppm

pH

APPENDIX G
7.2-7.8

Free Available Chlorine

Unstabilized- at least 0.5 ppm
Stabilized- at least 1.0 ppm

Total Chlorine/

APPENDIX H
Total Bromine
Bromine- at least 2.0 ppm

Water Clarity
Black disc visible from 9 m

APPENDIX I
Total # of Bathers

Operator’s Initials

APPENDIX J
Water Meter Reading Records of any emergencies, rescues, or breakdowns of
Reading at beginning of day Reading at end of day
equipment, maintenance, etc�: GLOSSARY

Make-up Water Added

20 L per bather/day

Weekly Cyanuric Acid Test for Stabilized Pool: (sign and date)
CONVERSION

(maximum 60 ppm)
CHART

Monthly Water Outlet Cover Security Test: (sign and date)

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 Public Pool and Public Spa Operators Guide

APPENDIX I (SPA): PUBLIC SPA RECORDS LOG

APPENDIX A

To be inspected/tested ½ hour before opening

Operator’s Operator’s
Time Time
Signature Signature
APPENDIX B

Emergency Ground Fault

Telephone Circuit Interrupter
properly functioning activated

Caution Notices First Aid Kit

APPENDIX C

2 posted fully stocked

Non-conducting Buoyant
Reaching Pole Throwing Aid
present with
Present adequate rope
APPENDIX D

Spine Board Self-Latching Gate

present with 4 straps securely latches closed

Public Spa – Hourly Water Chemistry and Clarity Tests

APPENDIX E

½ hour before am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/ am/
opening pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm pm

Total Alkalinity
Minimum 80 ppm
APPENDIX F

pH
7.2-7.8

Free Available Chlorine/

Total Bromine
5-10 ppm
APPENDIX G

Oxidation Reduction
Potential
Minimum 700 mV

Water Clarity
Lowest water outlet drain
APPENDIX H

visible in non-turbulent state

Total # of Bathers
Water Temperature
(maximum 40°C)
APPENDIX I

Operator’s Initials

Water Meter Reading Records of any emergencies, rescues, or breakdowns of

Reading at beginning of day Reading at end of day
equipment, maintenance, date of spa drain and refill, type
and amount of any chemicals added manually, etc�:
APPENDIX J

Make-up Water Added

30 L per bather/day (spa volume exceeds 4000 L)

After drain and refill, inspections of drain covers, suction fittings, emergency equipment within spa: (date and sign)
GLOSSARY

(secure and operational)

Weekly Cyanuric Acid Test for Stabilized Spa: (sign and date)
(maximum 150 ppm)

Monthly Water Outlet Cover Security Test: (sign and date)

CONVERSION
CHART

Monthly Emergency Stop Button Test: (sign and date)

Monthly Vacuum Release Mechanism Test: (sign and date)

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Public Pool and Public Spa Operators Guide

APPENDIX J (POOL): PUBLIC POOL SIGNAGE REQUIREMENTS

APPENDIX A
Ont�
Required Size of Reg� Location
Signage Lettering 565 for Posting

APPENDIX B
Section
Hotels with
CAUTION
5 or fewer units/
SWIM AT YOUR OWN RISK THIS POOL IS
Sec. suites, post in

APPENDIX C
NOT S UBJECT TO THE R EQUIREMENTS 25 mm
3.2.1 a conspicuous
OF ONTARIO REGULATION 565 –
location within
PUBLIC POOLS
pool enclosure.

APPENDIX D
CAUTION
Class B pool with
THIS POOL IS UNSUPERVISED�
a water surface
BATHERS U NDER TWELVE YEARS
area of 93 m2
OF AGE ARE NOT ALLOWED WITHIN Sec. 17
25 mm or less, post in
THE POOL ENCLOSURE UNLESS (19)(a)

APPENDIX E
a conspicuous
ACCOMPANIED BY A PARENT OR HIS
location within
OR HER AGENT WHO IS NOT LESS
pool enclosure.
THAN SIXTEEN YEARS OF AGE�

APPENDIX F
CAUTION
THIS POOL IS UNSUPERVISED�
BATHERS U NDER TWELVE YEARS Class B pool with
OF AGE ARE NOT ALLOWED WITHIN a water surface
THE POOL ENCLOSURE UNLESS area is greater
Sec. 17

APPENDIX G
ACCOMPANIED BY A PARENT OR HIS 25 mm than 93 m2, post
(19)(b)
OR HER AGENT WHO IS NOT LESS in a conspicuous
THAN SIXTEEN YEARS OF AGE� THE location within
TOTAL NUMBER OF BATHERS ON THE pool enclosure.
DECK AND IN THE POOL SHALL NOT

APPENDIX H
EXCEED TEN�

No person infected with a communicable

disease or having open sores on his or

APPENDIX I
her body shall enter the pool�
No person shall bring a glass container
onto the deck or into the pool�
No person shall pollute the water in the

APPENDIX J
pool in any manner and that spitting,
spouting of water and blowing the nose Post in not fewer
in the pool or on the deck are prohibited� 19.1 than 2 places
No person shall engage in boisterous at the pool.
play in or about the pool�
GLOSSARY

The maximum number of bathers

permitted on the deck and in the pool at
any time is ______�
CONVERSION

The location of a telephone that

CHART

is available for emergency use is

_______________�

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Ont�
APPENDIX A

Required Size of Reg� Location

Signage Lettering 565 for Posting
Section
APPENDIX B

Post at the entrance

Each bather shall take a shower using
to each shower
warm water and soap and thoroughly
19.2 area and at every
rinse off all soap before entering or
entrance to the deck
re-entering the deck�
used by bathers.
APPENDIX C

Post at the
Emergency Telephone 19.3 emergency
telephone.
APPENDIX D

EMERGENCY TELEPHONE
INSTRUCTIONS
DIAL 911
APPENDIX E

1� REMAIN CALM�
SPEAK CLEARLY�
ANSWER�
2� This pool is located
APPENDIX F

at:___________________ (address) Post at the

3� Enter the property off of: ___________ 19.3 emergency
(special directions to pool) telephone.
4� State the type of emergency
APPENDIX G

(drowning, electrical, spinal injury).

5� Remain on the line until the operator
tells you to hang up�
6� When finished calling 911 –
APPENDIX H

call:________________
(Owner/Operator information)

Spectators are forbidden from walking

Post at permanent
APPENDIX I

upon the deck within 1�80 meters of the 19.4

spectator gallery.
edge of the pool

Markings that set out water depths

indicating deep points, the breaks between
APPENDIX J

gentle and steep bottom slopes and the Clearly mark on the
shallow points. 100 mm 19.5 deck at appropriate
locations.
The words DEEP AREA
and SHALLOW AREA�
GLOSSARY

Post in a
CAUTION – AVOID DEEP DIVES conspicuous
or location, where
150 mm 19.6
CONVERSION

a pool has a
SHALLOW WATER – NO DIVING
CHART

max. water depth

of 2.5 m.

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Public Pool and Public Spa Operators Guide

Ont�

APPENDIX A
Required Size of Reg� Location
Signage Lettering 565 for Posting
Section

APPENDIX B
Class B pool
that is equipped
with a diving
DANGER – board (consult
150 mm 19.8
AVOID DEEP OR LONG DIVES measurements),

APPENDIX C
post in a location
clearly visible
to divers.

APPENDIX D
Pool is provided
with ramp(s), post
in a conspicuous
CAUTION – NO DIVING 150 mm 19.9
location on each
wall or fence

APPENDIX E
enclosing the pool.

Pool is provided
with non-submerged
UNSUPERVISED BATHERS ARE NOT

APPENDIX F
25 mm 19.10.i ramp(s), post
ALLOWED BEYOND THIS POINT
in conspicuous
location at ramp(s).

Pool is provided

APPENDIX G
with submerged
BATHERS ARE NOT ALLOWED ramp(s), post
25 mm 19.10.ii
BEYOND THIS P OINT in conspicuous
location at
removable barrier.

APPENDIX H
APPENDIX I
APPENDIX J
GLOSSARY
CONVERSION
CHART

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 Public Pool and Public Spa Operators Guide

APPENDIX J (SPA): PUBLIC POOL SIGNAGE REQUIREMENTS

APPENDIX A

Ont�
Required Size of Reg� Location
Signage Lettering 565 for Posting
APPENDIX B

Section
Hotels with
CAUTION 5 or fewer
USE SPA AT YOUR OWN RISK units/suites,
APPENDIX C

THIS SPA IS NOT SUBJECT TO 25 mm Sec. 2(3) post in a

THE REQUIREMENTS OF ONTARIO conspicuous
REGULATION 428/05 (PUBLIC SPAS) location within
spa enclosure.
APPENDIX D

Post at the
Timing Device 25 mm Sec. 9(2)
timing device.
APPENDIX E

Post in a
conspicuous
Emergency Telephone is located
25 mm 13(2) location near
APPENDIX F

______________�
the entrance to
public spa.
APPENDIX G

EMERGENCY TELEPHONE
INSTRUCTIONS
DIAL 911
1� REMAIN CALM�
APPENDIX H

SPEAK CLEARLY�
ANSWER�
2� This pool is located
at:___________________ (address) Post at the
APPENDIX I

3� Enter the property off of: ___________ 13(3) emergency

(special directions to pool) telephone.
4� State the type of emergency
(drowning, electrical, spinal injury).
APPENDIX J

5� Remain on the line until the operator

tells you to hang up�
6� When finished calling 911 –
call:________________
GLOSSARY

(Owner/Operator information)

IN THE EVENT OF AN EMERGENCY

Post above
PUSH EMERGENCY STOP BUTTON AND
CONVERSION

25 mm 14(2) emergency stop

CHART

USE EMERGENCY PHONE� AN AUDIBLE

button.
AND VISUAL SIGNAL WILL ACTIVATE�

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Public Pool and Public Spa Operators Guide

Ont�

APPENDIX A
Required Size of Reg� Location
Signage Lettering 565 for Posting
Section

APPENDIX B
Where public
Markings that set out water depths spa has an
indicating deep points, the breaks between inner horizontal
gentle and steep bottom slopes and the dimension greater
shallow points. 100 mm 19.5
than 3 m, clearly

APPENDIX C
The words DEEP AREA mark on the deck
and SHALLOW AREA. at appropriate
locations.

APPENDIX D
CAUTION
Children under the age of 12 are not
allowed in the spa unless supervised by
a person who is 16 years of age or older�

APPENDIX E
Pregnant women and persons with
known health or medical conditions
should consult with a physician before
using a spa�
Do not use the spa if you have an open

APPENDIX F
sore or rash, or are experiencing nausea,
vomiting or diarrhea�
Over exposure may cause fainting�
10 to 15 minutes may be excessive 50 mm

APPENDIX G
for some individuals� Cool down peri- - the word
odically and leave the spa if nausea or CAUTION Post in a
dizziness occurs� 18.1 conspicuous place
Enter and exit the spa slowly, and 18.2 at each entrance to
to prevent slipping� 10 mm the public spa.

APPENDIX H
- all other
Do not play or swim near drains or suc- lettering
tion devices� Your body, body parts, hair,
jewelry and other objects may become
trapped and cause injury or drowning�

APPENDIX I
People with long hair should be espe-
cially careful�
Do not enter or remain in the spa if a
drain cover or suction fitting is loose,

APPENDIX J
broken, or missing� Immediately notify
the spa operator�
No food or beverage except water is
permitted within the deck or spa�
Maximum bather capacity of the public
GLOSSARY

spa is ________�

Post in a conspicu-
Each bather shall take a cleansing
ous location near
CONVERSION

shower using soap and warm water 25 mm 19.1

CHART

every entrance to
before entering the deck�
the deck.

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GLOSSARY OF TERMS
APPENDIX A

Athlete’s Foot
A contagious skin disease of the feet caused by direct exposure to a fungus called
Tinea. The affected skin area may first appear as red or pink, flat or slightly raised,
APPENDIX B

patches on the skin. The circular sores may be dry or scaly crusted or moist. As the
sores become larger, the central area clears, leaving a ring of infected tissue around
the clear area.
APPENDIX C

Automatic Sensing Device

Is a device that determines and continuously displays, sanitizer residual in a public
spa’s water, and pH value of a public spa’s water, and regulates the operation of
chemical feeders to maintain sanitizer and pH levels in accordance with the Public
APPENDIX D

Spas Regulation.
Cryptosporidium (also known as “Crypto”)
A parasite that can cause a diahrreal illness known as Cryptosporidiosis. Some
APPENDIX E

people who are infected with Cryptosporidiosis do not show any symptoms. Other
people will have watery diarrhea lasting 1 to 2 weeks, abdominal discomfort,
nausea, vomiting, fatigue, low-grade fever, dehydration, weight loss and inability
to eat. The parasite is protected by an outer shell that makes it very resistant to
APPENDIX F

chlorine disinfection.
E. coli
A bacteria that can cause such symptoms as diarrhea, cramps, extensive
APPENDIX G

dehydration and death in extreme cases.

Giardia
A parasite that can cause diahrreal illness. Some people who are infected may not
APPENDIX H

show symptoms. Other people may have diarrhea, loose, mucousy pale greasy
stools, stomach cramps, bloating, upset stomach, severe gas, fatigue, weight loss,
nausea and dehydration. The parasite is protected by an outer shell that makes it
very resistant to chlorine disinfection.
APPENDIX I

Hepatitis
An infection of the liver caused by viruses including Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C
viruses. Half of the people who become infected with Hepatitis B do not have any
APPENDIX J

symptoms and feel fine, while others may experience: weakness, fatigue, headache,
decreased appetite, nausea and vomiting, fever, abdominal pain, rash, joint pain,
jaundice (yellowish colour of the skin and whites of the eyes). A small number of
people with hepatitis B can die from the initial infection. Within weeks to months of
GLOSSARY

getting infected with Hepatitis C, about 25% of people will become ill. The symptoms
include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and jaundice (a yellowing of the skin).
Most people who get infected with hepatitis C feel quite healthy and have no
symptoms but they can spread the infection to others.
CONVERSION
CHART

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Public Pool and Public Spa Operators Guide

HIV

APPENDIX A
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a virus that destroys cells vital to a person’s
immune system. It robs the body of its ability to fight other infections and illnesses.
HIV makes the immune system weaker over time until other infections occur and
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) develops. AIDS is the advanced stage

APPENDIX B
of HIV infection.
Legionella
A bacteria that can cause Legionnaire’s Disease or its milder form, Pontiac Fever.

APPENDIX C
Legionnaires’ disease can have symptoms like many other forms of pneumonia.
Signs of the disease can include: a high fever, chills, and a cough. Some people
may also suffer from muscle aches and headaches. The symptoms of Pontiac Fever
usually last for 2 to 5 days and may also include fever, headaches, and muscle

APPENDIX D
aches; however, there is no pneumonia.
Norovirus
A virus that can cause symptoms such as sudden onset of nausea, vomiting,

APPENDIX E
abdominal pain, stomach cramps, diarrhea, muscle aches, malaise, headache,
low-grade fever, chills, or any combination of these.
Operator

APPENDIX F
Person designated by the owner of a public spa as being responsible for the
operation of the spa.
Operating Day

APPENDIX G
A day on which the public spa is in operation and open for use.
Plantar’s Warts
Warts on hands/feet caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) that can be acquired

APPENDIX H
from pool/spa decks, floors in showers and changing rooms contaminated with
infected skin fragments. (WHO)
Pseudomonas

APPENDIX I
A family of bacteria that can cause infections upon skin exposure. Pseudomonas
folliculitis (also known as “hot tub rash”) infects the skin causing it to become itchy
and progress to a bumpy red rash that might become tender. There can also be
pus-filled blisters, usually found surrounding hair follicles. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
APPENDIX J
can cause painful ear infections (Swimmer’s Ear).
Shigella
A bacteria that can cause such symptoms as diarrhea, fever, blood and/or mucus in
GLOSSARY

stool, abdominal cramps. It can be highly contagious.

Staphylococcus aureus
A bacteria that can cause infection of the skin, ears and wounds and spread through
CONVERSION

the shedding of infected bathers.

CHART

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CONVERSION CHART
APPENDIX A

Ounces to Pounds Grams to Kilos

Ounces ÷ 16 = Pounds Grams ÷ 1000= Kilos
APPENDIX B

Fluid Ounces to Gallons Metres to Feet

APPENDIX C

Fluid ounces ÷ 128 = Gallons Metres x 3.28= Feet

APPENDIX D

Litres to Gallons Cubic Metres to Litres

Litres ÷ 3.785 = Gallons Cubic Metres x 1000= Litres
APPENDIX E

Cups to Fluid Ounces Mililitres to Litres

Cups x 8 = Fluid Ounces Mililitres ÷ 1000= Litres
APPENDIX F

Parts per Million

Yards to Feet
and Milligrams per Litre
APPENDIX G

Yards x 3 = Feet
1 ppm = 1 mg/L
APPENDIX H

Cubic Feet to Gallons 1 ppm = 8.33 pounds of Chemical in

Cubic Feet x 7.5= Gallons One Million Gallons of Water
APPENDIX I

Quarts to Gallons Celsius (C) to Fahrenheit (F)

Quarts ÷ 4 = Gallons ˚F= (9/5 x ˚C) + 32
APPENDIX J

Pints to Quarts Fahrenheit (F) to Celsius (C)

Pints ÷ 2 = Quarts ˚C= 5/9 x (˚F – 32)
GLOSSARY

Gallons to Pounds Square Inches to Square Feet

CONVERSION
CHART

Gallons x 8.33 = Pounds Square Inches ÷ 144= Square Feet

80 Middlesex-London Health Unit

CONTACT INFORMATION
Middlesex-London Health Unit
For more information on
Public Pool and Public Spa Operators Guide,
please contact us at:
Phone: 519-663-5317
Website: www.healthunit.com

Our staff will be pleased to assist you.

Thank you for your co-operation. w w w. h e a l t h u n i t . c o m

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