AP Calculus BC 2011 Free-Response Questions

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2011 AP CALCULUS BC FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS CALCULUS BC SECTION II, Part A

Time 30 minutes Number of problems 2 A graphing calculator is required for these problems. 1. At time t, a particle moving in the xy-plane is at position ( x (t ) , y(t )) , where x (t ) and y(t ) are not explicitly dy dx = 4t + 1 and = sin t 2 . At time t = 0, x (0 ) = 0 and y(0 ) = - 4. given. For t 0, dt dt

( )

(a) Find the speed of the particle at time t = 3, and find the acceleration vector of the particle at time t = 3. (b) Find the slope of the line tangent to the path of the particle at time t = 3. (c) Find the position of the particle at time t = 3. (d) Find the total distance traveled by the particle over the time interval 0 t 3.

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2011 AP CALCULUS BC FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS

t (minutes)

0 66

2 60

5 52

9 44

10 43

H (t ) (degrees Celsius)

2. As a pot of tea cools, the temperature of the tea is modeled by a differentiable function H for 0 t 10, where time t is measured in minutes and temperature H (t ) is measured in degrees Celsius. Values of H (t ) at selected values of time t are shown in the table above. (a) Use the data in the table to approximate the rate at which the temperature of the tea is changing at time t = 3.5. Show the computations that lead to your answer. (b) Using correct units, explain the meaning of

1 10 H (t ) dt in the context of this problem. Use a trapezoidal 10 0 1 10 H (t ) dt. sum with the four subintervals indicated by the table to estimate 10 0

(c) Evaluate problem.

10

H (t ) dt. Using correct units, explain the meaning of the expression in the context of this

(d) At time t = 0, biscuits with temperature 100C were removed from an oven. The temperature of the biscuits at time t is modeled by a differentiable function B for which it is known that

B (t ) = -13.84e - 0.173t . Using the given models, at time t = 10, how much cooler are the biscuits than the tea?

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END OF PART A OF SECTION II

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2011 AP CALCULUS BC FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS CALCULUS BC SECTION II, Part B

Time 60 minutes Number of problems 4 No calculator is allowed for these problems.

3. Let f ( x ) = e2 x . Let R be the region in the first quadrant bounded by the graph of f, the coordinate axes, and the vertical line x = k , where k > 0. The region R is shown in the figure above. (a) Write, but do not evaluate, an expression involving an integral that gives the perimeter of R in terms of k. (b) The region R is rotated about the x-axis to form a solid. Find the volume, V, of the solid in terms of k. (c) The volume V, found in part (b), changes as k changes. If

dk 1 dV 1 = , determine when k = . dt 3 dt 2

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2011 AP CALCULUS BC FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS

4. The continuous function f is defined on the interval - 4 x 3. The graph of f consists of two quarter circles and one line segment, as shown in the figure above. Let g( x ) = 2 x + (a) Find g( -3) . Find g ( x ) and evaluate g ( -3) . (b) Determine the x-coordinate of the point at which g has an absolute maximum on the interval - 4 x 3. Justify your answer. (c) Find all values of x on the interval - 4 < x < 3 for which the graph of g has a point of inflection. Give a reason for your answer. (d) Find the average rate of change of f on the interval - 4 x 3. There is no point c, - 4 < c < 3, for which f (c ) is equal to that average rate of change. Explain why this statement does not contradict the Mean Value Theorem.

0 f (t ) dt.

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2011 AP CALCULUS BC FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS

5. At the beginning of 2010, a landfill contained 1400 tons of solid waste. The increasing function W models the total amount of solid waste stored at the landfill. Planners estimate that W will satisfy the differential dW 1 = equation (W - 300) for the next 20 years. W is measured in tons, and t is measured in years from dt 25 the start of 2010. (a) Use the line tangent to the graph of W at t = 0 to approximate the amount of solid waste that the landfill 1 contains at the end of the first 3 months of 2010 (time t = ). 4 (b) Find

d 2W d 2W in terms of W. Use to determine whether your answer in part (a) is an underestimate or 2 dt dt 2 1 an overestimate of the amount of solid waste that the landfill contains at time t = . 4 dW 1 = (W - 300) with initial dt 25

(c) Find the particular solution W = W (t ) to the differential equation condition W (0 ) = 1400.

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2011 AP CALCULUS BC FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS

6. Let f ( x ) = sin x 2 + cos x. The graph of y = f (5) ( x ) is shown above. (a) Write the first four nonzero terms of the Taylor series for sin x about x = 0, and write the first four nonzero terms of the Taylor series for sin x 2 about x = 0. (b) Write the first four nonzero terms of the Taylor series for cos x about x = 0. Use this series and the series for sin x 2 , found in part (a), to write the first four nonzero terms of the Taylor series for f about x = 0. (c) Find the value of f (6) (0 ) . (d) Let P4 ( x ) be the fourth-degree Taylor polynomial for f about x = 0. Using information from the graph of 1 1 1 - f < . y = f (5) ( x ) shown above, show that P4 4 4 3000

( )

( )

( )

() ()

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END OF EXAM

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