Scribd
Upload
59 views

Lesson 21

This document introduces three-dimensional geometry concepts. It discusses: - Representing points in 3D space using an (x,y,z) coordinate system with three perpendicular axes. - The three coordinate planes formed by the intersecting axes that divide space into eight regions. - Plotting points in 3D space by using their (x,y,z) coordinates on the three axes. - Calculating distances between points and determining midpoints and points of division on line segments in 3D space.

Uploaded by

angelo berina
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
59 views

Lesson 21

This document introduces three-dimensional geometry concepts. It discusses: - Representing points in 3D space using an (x,y,z) coordinate system with three perpendicular axes. - The three coordinate planes formed by the intersecting axes that divide space into eight regions. - Plotting points in 3D space by using their (x,y,z) coordinates on the three axes. - Calculating distances between points and determining midpoints and points of division on line segments in 3D space.

Uploaded by

angelo berina
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

Lesson 21

Introduction to Three Dimensional (3D)


Geometry; Plane Sketching
Objectives:

• At the end of the lesson, the student must be able to :


• Plot points in three dimensional system.
• Determine the distance between two points.
• Determine the point of division and the midpoint of a line
segment.
• Sketch a plane in three dimensional system.
Two-Dimensional (2D) Coordinate System

Recall:
To locate a point in an xy-plane, two numbers are necessary.
We know that any point in the plane can be represented as an ordered
pair (a, b) of real numbers.
where a is the x-coordinate and b is the y-coordinate.
For this reason, a plane is called two-dimensional.
Three Dimensional Geometry

Let OX, OY, and OZ be three mutually perpendicular lines. These lines constitute the
x-axis, the y-axis, and the z-axis of a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate
system. The axes, in pairs, determine three mutually perpendicular planes called
coordinate planes. The planes are designated as the XOY-plane, the XOZ-plane, and
the YOZ-plane or, more simply, the xy-plane, the xz-plane, and the yz-plane. The
coordinate planes divide space into eight regions called octants. The distance of P
from the yz-plane is called the x-coordinate, the distance from the xz-plane the y-
coordinate, and the distance from the xy-plane the z-coordinate. The coordinates
of a point are written in the form (x, y, z), in this order, x first, y second, and z third.
Coordinate Planes

The three coordinate axes determine


the three coordinate planes.
The xy-plane contains the x- and y-axes.
The yz-plane contains the y- and z-axes.
The xz-plane contains the x- and z-axes.
Three-Dimensional (3D) Coordinate System

To locate a point in space, three numbers are required.


We represent any point in space by an ordered triple (a, b, c) of real
numbers. Where a is the x-coordinate, b is the y-coordinate, c is the z-
coordinate.
Coordinate Axes
We draw the orientation of the axes as shown.
Example:

Plot the given points in a three-dimensional coordinate system.


1. (3, 0, 0)
2. (0, 3, 0)
3. (0, 0, 3)
4. (1.5,-1, 2)
5. (0, 2, -2)
6. (2, 2.5, 3)
3D-Space Point-Plotting
Distance in 3-Space, Point of Division Formula, Midpoint Formula
•

b)
Distance in 3-Space, Point of Division Formula, Midpoint Formula

You might also like