Chemistry

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. A sour taste is associated with __________.

a. acids c. salts
b. bases d. both acids and bases
____ 2. Any substance that ionizes to conduct electricity in a solution is called a(n) __________.
a. conductor c. insulator
b. ionizer d. electrolyte
____ 3. If a substance turns red litmus paper blue, it is a(n) __________.
a. acid c. neutral substance
b. base d. salt
.d

____ 4. A piece of red litmus paper remains red when dipped in a substance. The substance reacts very strongly with
lithium to produce hydrogen gas, so it must be a(n)__________.
a. acid c. neutral substance
b. base d. salt
____ 5. A base usually feels __________.
a. hot c. gritty
b. cool d. slippery
____ 6. Most bases taste __________.
a. sour c. spicy
b. bitter d. like none of the above
____ 7. Which of the following hydrogen-containing compounds is not an acid?
a. HC2H3O2 c. HS
b. HCHO2 d. CH4
____ 8. Arrhenius acids ionize to release __________ in aqueous solutions.
a. OH– c. H2O
b. H+ d. none of the above
____ 9. In reacting with HF, water acts like __________.
a. an Arrhenius base c. a Lewis base
b. a Bronsted-Lowry base d. all three types of bases
____ 10. A Brønsted-Lowry acid is defined as one that is a(n) __________.
a. proton acceptor c. proton donor
b. electron donor d. electron pair donor
____ 11. Brønsted-Lowry acids and bases exist in pairs called __________ pairs.
a. protonate c. conjugate
b. deprotonate d. equivalent
____ 12. The members of a conjugate pair differ by only a single __________.
a. OH– c. proton
b. neutron d. salt
____ 13. Which of the following is not a Lewis base?
a. H2O c. CaO
b. NH3 d. SO3
____ 14. The pH and pOH scales are based on the self-ionization of __________.
a. HCl c. H+
b. H2O d. OH–
____ 15. What is Kw?
a. a protonation constant c. a protolysis constant for water
b. a deprotonation constant for water d. an ionization constant of water
____ 16. Which of the following pH values represents a solution with the highest concentration of hydronium ions?
a. pH = 5 c. pH = 9
b. pH = 7 d. pH = 11
____ 17. Which of the following pH values represents the most acidic solution?
a. pH = 3 c. pH = 2
b. pH = 8 d. pH = 12
____ 18. Which of the following is the correct formula to find the pH of a solution?
a. pH = –log [H3O+] c. pH = log [H3O+]
–
b. pH = –log [OH ] d. pH = log [OH–]

____ 19. If the hydronium concentration of a solution is [H3O+] = 1  10–8 M, what is its pH value?
a. 6 c. 8
b. –6 d. –8

____ 20. For a given solution at 25 C, pH + pOH = __________.

a. 0
b. 7.0
c. 14.0
d. an amount that varies according to the solution

____ 21. If [H3O+] = 1.0  10–5 M, then pOH = __________.

a. 5 c. 11
b. 9 d. 14
____ 22. At 25 °C the pH of a solution is 4.0. What is its [H3O+]?
a. 10 c. 1.0 ´ 10–4
b. 14 d. 1.0 ´ 104

____ 23. Find the [H3O+] in a solution whose [OH–] = 8.8  10–2 M.
a. 1.1  10–13 c. 1.1  1013
b. 1.1  10–12 d. 1.1  1012

____ 24. What determines the strength of an acid?

a. how many protons it loses c. how easily it loses protons
b. how many protons it gains d. how easily it gains protons
____ 25. Weak acids are defined in which of the following ways?
a. They give up protons easily. c. They give up only a portion of their
protons.
 b. They ionize completely. d. Both a and b apply.
____ 26. How many protons can a diprotic acid donate?
a. 0 c. 2
b. 1 d. 3
____ 27. An amphoteric substance can behave as a(n) _________ acid and a base.
a. Arrhenius c. Lewis
b. Brønsted-Lowry d. Rutherford
____ 28. Which of the following is a polyprotic acid?
a. H2S c. H2O
b. HCl d. HC2H3O2
____ 29. Which of the following is a triprotic acid?
a. H2CrO4 c. HC2H3O2
b. H3PO4 d. NH3
____ 30. Substances whose color is sensitive to changes in pH are known as __________.
a. indicators c. strong acids
b. electrolytes d. strong bases
____ 31. Neutralization reactions form a salt and __________.
a. an acid c. water
b. a base d. an anhydride
____ 32. In a neutralization reaction, metal cations from bases and nonmetal anions from acids are called __________.
a. electrolytes c. monoprotic ions
b. conjugates d. spectator ions
____ 33. Which of the following is the correct neutralization reaction for the production of magnesium chloride
(MgCl2)?
a.
b.
c.
d.

____ 34. The point in a titration at which the number of H3O+ ions equals the number of OH– ions is called the
____________ point.
a. transition c. end
b. titration d. equivalence
____ 35. When titrating an unknown acid solution with 0.10 M KOH, what is the concentration of the acid if 25.00 mL
of it requires 35.20 mL of the base?
a. 0.071 M c. 3.46 M
b. 0.141 M d. 7.09 M
____ 36. If 50.00 mL of 0.178 M NaOH can neutralize 22.3 mL of H2SO4, what is the concentration of the H2SO4?
a. 2.50 M c. 0.08 M
b. 12.6 M d. 0.40 M
Problem

37. Find the hydroxide ion concentration in a sample of lemon juice that has a hydronium ion concentration of
0.010 M.

38. Find the pOH and pH of a solution that has [OH–] = 1.6  10–3 M.

39. The pH of carbonated soft drinks is about 3.0. On the basis of this number determine the [H3O+] and [OH–] of
soft drinks.

40. The addition of 36.52 mL of 6.25  10–2 M HCl solution neutralizes 46.2 mL of NaOH. What is the
concentration of NaOH?

41. How many milliliters of 0.200 M H2SO4 are required to neutralize 50.00 mL of 0.178 M NaOH?