Surface Areas and Volumes Solid Figures ‘The objects having deirte shae, zo and occupies aed mount of pce nie nen a lls sich es Sheet yer ene sphere and hemisphere te Surface Area (SA) Sura toga og, Acube hat 6 sures and each aurfic igin a square shape. Therefore, its surface area will be 6a? sq units, where a’ is the area of each surface of the cube. Volume Space occupied by an objectsolid body is called the volume ol that particular objcet/Solid. Volume is alvays measured in cube unit eg, Suppose, a cube has edge of length a units, Volume of a ceube is equal to the produet of area of base and height of acubeie, a? xa aca unis a solid body isthe area of all of ts surfaces and its always measured in square unit. Different Types of Solid Figures 1. cuboid A cuboid is slid iu 6 rectangular Faces. Let its length = Funts, bread ts and height = huni 1 1 ‘Then, (0 Total surfce area of enboid (TSA) 2 (th bh + hi sq units (4) Lateral surfice aren oFeuboid = 2(1 + bh sq units (oF Lateral surfce area ~ Area ofthe 4 vertical faces (8) Diagonal ofthe cuboid = YP? + BE RF units (4) Volume of eubotd =P b shew units2. Cube Cube isa special ease of euboid which has 6 equal square faces, a Letts enh =Dreaith = eight = a unis ch ed of ab we units Then (i) Total surface area (TSA) ofa cube =6 (Edge)? = 6a? sq units (Lateral surtice area of eube « 4 (Edge)* = 4a® sq units (i) Diagonal ofa cube = V3 x Bae = VBaunits lis) Volume ofa cube = (Eage)® = a cu units 3. Right Circular Cylinder Cylinder i a solid figure obtained by revolving the rectangle, say ABCD, about its one side, say BC Let hase radius of circular evlinder be units and is height be h its. Then, (i) Curved surface area (CSA) = Circumference ofthe base x Height =2zrh sq units (W Total surfce area (TSA) = Curved surface area (CSA) + Area of two ends -=2arh +22? = 2nr(h + r)sq units (i) Volume ofthe cylinder = Area of base x Height = methev units 4. Right Circular Hollow Cylinder Let R units and r units be the external and internal radi ofthe hollow cylinder, respectively and B units be its height (2. Then, () Curved surface area (CSA) = CSA of ontereylinder + CSA of inner eylinds = 25h + 2nrh 2 2n(R + rh squnits (i Total surice area (TSA) = CSA of hollow cylinder + Area of both ends = A(R + ry 2a(R? =r?) = 2a(R + rh + 2aiR +r) R—2) = 2n(R + r)(h +R =r]sq units i) Total onter surface area = 24h + 2x68? ~ r®)sq unit (ie) Volume of hollow eylinder = Volume of outer eylinder = Yolume of inner eylinde = Rh ah = a(R — e*Yh ew units 5. Sphere A sphere isa solid generated by the evolution ofa semi-circle about its diameter. Let radius of sphere be + tits 3 wrfuce area ($A) of sphere = Ar* sq units 48 i) Volume of sphere = 4xr* ew units c phere = 5 6. Spherical Shell Rand rare res spherical shell, then () Outer surface area = 4xR sq units tively the outer and inner radi ofa li) Inner surface area = de? sq ants (i) Volume af lw sphere = 4 Rr) cm units e ,7. Hemisphere ‘cg. A combined solid is formed by joining hemisphere and ‘plane passing though te cents, ut the sphere nto Hat ei cone {atl part each put eal sheninhere Letras oF = IDO ( Curved surface area (CSA) of hemisphere =2nr® sq units (i) Surface area of combined solid fee (Total surface area (TSA) ofherlsphere = CSA ofcone + CSA of hemisphere = CSA of hemisphere + Area of one end ‘Yolume of combined solid figure come ae? cake? saute = Volume of cone + Volume of henisphere 25 ‘While calculating te srfice area, we have not added the i) Volume ofhemisphere = .ar® x nits surface areas ofthe two individual solids, rather we have ‘aed curved surface area heease some part ofthe surface 8. Right Circular Cone farea disappeared in the proces of joining them. But this wil A right eirclar cone sa sli generated by the revolution of Mat Be inthe ease, when we ealeulate the volume, “cetaaleayiomaatcgi Convrsion of So rom One Shape to sn Sete ed mee ko oe 2 ACs yr° +h? units from one shape to another or when a liquid which is = Curved surface area CSA) + Area ofthe haze “Slum remialns sme, 6 Lonleor® car({er}squnte (0 Ifa sold metalic sphere is melted and reast into more than one spherical balls, then volume of metalic sphere = Sum of volumes ofall spherical bal (i Ifthe Barth taken out by digging a well and spreading it soir arond the well oform an emabankanent in the shape of cylindrica shell fom its orignal shape of ight <ércular cylinder, then volume of embankment = Volume of Eath taken out by digging a wel Important Results or Formulae [fa solid of one shape is converted into solid (or slid) of (Volume of cone «eh units anathethaee in (H Volume ofthe solid to he converted =Total volume ofthe Combination of Two Solids solids into which the glven sold fs to be converted Sometimes, ve have to find the euved suefice area and (i) Number of solids ofa given shape in which a given solid volume of solid which ix combination oftwo solids, Then, 18 tobe converted for fining the surface are, we add the eurvedsinfice areas “Volume ofthe solid to be converted ‘of individ sls and for finding the volume of this sold, Volume of ‘werd the volumes of individual sols, ‘converted solid