DAMNAK LONGVEK

Sand Cone Test Report

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Contents
I. SUMMARY.....................................................................................................................................3
II. OBJECTIVE.....................................................................................................................................3
III. APPARATUS...................................................................................................................................3
IV. PROCEDURE...................................................................................................................................3
V. THEORY..........................................................................................................................................4
VI. OBSERVATION...............................................................................................................................4
VII. RESULT...........................................................................................................................................4
VIII. CONCLUSION.................................................................................................................................4
IX. TESTING PHOTOS...........................................................................................................................5

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I. SUMMARY
In the field during earth compaction work, it is necessary from time to time to check
the compacted dry density of soil and compare it with the specification drawn up for the
construction, and the sand cone method concede as one of the simplest methods of
determining the field dry density.

II. OBJECTIVE
The purpose of the test is to verify the compacted dry density of back-filling soil at
site to the dry density specification provide by method statement of back-filling.

III. APPARATUS
In this report we have used many materials such as:
1. Sand Pouring Apparatus
2. Standard Sand (pass 0.59mm, and retain 0.42mm)
3. Soil Tray with Central Hole
4. Balance (sensitivity 0.001g)
5. Containers to Determine Moisture Content
6. Digging tool

Sand Cone set Balance

IV. PROCEDURE
- Place the base plate on a level ground in the field under the center hole of
the base plate, dig the hole in the ground using digging tools. the volume
should be smaller than the volume of the sand in the bottle minus the
volume of the cone.
- Remove all the loose soil from the hall and put it in the gallon can.
- Turn the gallon bottle filled with sand with cone attached to it upside down
and place it on the center of the base plate. open the valve of the cone sand
will flow from the bottle to fill the hole in the ground and the cone, When the
flow of the sand from the bottle stops, close the valve of the cone and
remove it.
- Determine the weight of (the gallon + moist soil), Also determine the weight
of the (bottle + can + sand) " after using ".
- Dry the moist soil to determine the moisture content.

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V. THEORY

- To determine the wet density of soil

M excavated soil
D w=
V hole

- To determine the dry density of soil

Dw
DD=
1+ w

VI. OBSERVATION
Dry Density
- Mass of Sand Initial Msand initial =g
- Mass of Excavated Soil Msoil =g
- Mass of Sand Remaining Msand final =g
- Density of Standard Sand Ds = 1.3 g/cm3
- Volume of Cone Vcone = 962.2 cm3
Moisture Content
- Mass of Wet Soil Mwet =g
- Mass of Dry Soil Mdry =g

VII. RESULT
- Volume of Sand Fall Vsand fall = Msand fall / Ds
= cm3
- Volume of Hole Vhole = Vsand fall – Vcone
= cm3
- Wet Density of Soil Dw = g/cm3
- Moisture Content w =%
- Dry Density DD = g/cm3

VIII. CONCLUSION
By the result shown above the maximum dry density of testing soil is 1.893 g/cm3,
and the dry density of soil from sand cone test is 2.220 g/cm3 with the moisture content of
3.07% that is equal to 96.02% of maximum dry density.
However, there are some errors are possible in this experiment.
- There may be an error can occur in weighting the soil mass and sand mass.
by using high sensitivity balance, we can avoid it.
- There may be an error occur in drying and weighting the wet soil.

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IX. TESTING PHOTOS

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