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Jasim Assignment

This document provides a summary of key concepts and equations related to simple harmonic motion (SHM) and waves. It begins with 10 conceptual questions about SHM, including examples of vibratory motion that are and are not SHM. It then provides 7 numerical problems related to SHM to calculate values like time period, displacement, and spring constant. The document next summarizes key concepts about sound waves through 11 conceptual questions about properties of sound waves and how they propagate. It concludes with 8 practice numerical problems calculating values like sound intensity level, wavelength, frequency and distance traveled based on given sound properties.

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Annaya Ejaz 1220-FSS/BSSOC/F20
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
91 views

Jasim Assignment

This document provides a summary of key concepts and equations related to simple harmonic motion (SHM) and waves. It begins with 10 conceptual questions about SHM, including examples of vibratory motion that are and are not SHM. It then provides 7 numerical problems related to SHM to calculate values like time period, displacement, and spring constant. The document next summarizes key concepts about sound waves through 11 conceptual questions about properties of sound waves and how they propagate. It concludes with 8 practice numerical problems calculating values like sound intensity level, wavelength, frequency and distance traveled based on given sound properties.

Uploaded by

Annaya Ejaz 1220-FSS/BSSOC/F20
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER # 1

SHM AND WAVES

CONCEPTUAL QUESTIONS:

1. Give an Example of vibratory motion which is not in SHM.


Give Reason
Ans. The motion of cradle is an example of vibratory motion
which is not in Schmitt is because of extreme position are not
fixed and cradle do not vibrate about fixed position.

2.An extreme position velocity is zero, but acceleration is


maximum in SHM. How can you theoretically explain it?
Ans. At extreme position displacement of the body from mean
position is maximum as air.

3. What will happen to acceleration of mass spring system if


mass is doubled?
Ans. As acceleration in SHM only depends on displacement
from mean position. So, increase in mass doesn’t affect the
acceleration. Acceleration is dependent of mass.

4. A simple pendulum has simple time period T. What will


happen to T IF Thread length is Shorter to half?

Ans. It will decrease by an amount of 1/√2 as:


T`=2 π√L/g
T`=2 π√L/2g
T`=1/√2 π√L/2g
T`=1/√2

5. A simple pendulum has a time period of 4s will its time


period remain same or change if steel Bob is replaced by a
wooden bob of same size.
Ans. Since time period T id independent of mass in so, it will not
effected if we replace steel bob with a wooden bob.

6. Some masses are attached to different spring one is


vibratory faster. Why?
Ans. Due to different value of spring constant, one will vibrate
faster because of different stiffness of a spring.

7. A simple pendulum has time T in Murree. In Karachi, it


has different time period. What would you do to make its time
same as in Murree?
Ans. To make the value of T in Karachi equal to that of Murree
we have to increase the length .it is because in Murree, the value
of gravity ‘g ‘will decrease and T will increase as
T= 2 π√L\g
8. what will happen to frequency of waves in a ripple tank if
time period of electrical vibrator is decreased? What will
happen to wave speed?
Ans. The frequency ‘f’ produced by the vibrator increases if the
time period ‘T’ is decreased because of the relation T= 1\F or f=
1\T.

9. why do water waves refract at the boundary of shallow


and deep water in ripple tank experiment?
Ans. The water waves refract at the boundary of shallow and
deep water because of the space provided by the different
regions to the water molecules for vibration.

10. under what conditions are waves diffracted the most?


Ans. For diffraction the gap between the two slits must be
comparable to wavelength of the wave when the gap size is
smaller than the wavelength more diffraction will take place.
NUMERICAL PROBLEMS
NUMERICAL 1
Given:
T = 2s
Lm= ?
Le= ?
ge= 10ms-2
GM= 1.6ms-2
Solution:

T= 2 π√L\ge
2 squares taking on both sides
(T)2 = (2π√L\ge)2
T2 = 4 π2r.le\ge
(2)2= 4(9.86) x le\10
4= 39.44x le\10
4x10= 39.44 x le
40\39.44 = le
1.01m =le
For lm
T=2 π π lm/gm
Square on b/sides
(2) ² = (2 π √lm/gm ) ²

4= 24(9.66) x lm/gm
4= 39.44x lm/1.6
4x1.6=39.44(lm)
6.4/39.44=lm
0.16m=lm

NUMERICAL 2.
Given:
T=5s
Gm=1.6ms
L=?

Sol:
T=2 π √l/gm
Square root on b/s
T ²= (2 π √l/gm ) ²
(5) ²=4 π √l/gm
25=4(9.66)xl/gm
25=39.44xl/1.6
25/39.44=l
1.01m=l

NUMERICAL 3
GIVEN:
l=2m
t=5s
g=?
Sol:

T=2 π √l/g
Square root on b/s
(T) ²= (2 π √l/g) ²
5²=4 π x √l/g
25=4(9.66) xl/g
25=4(9.66) xl/g
25/39.44=2/g
0.63g=2
g=2/0.63
g=3.17ms
NUMERICAL 4
Given:
Mass=m=500g=0.5kg
K=20Nm
T= ?

Sol :
T=2 π √m/k
T=2(3.14) x√0.5/20
T=0.99s

NUMERICAL 5
Given:
Number of waves = n=10
Length=l=lm
Speed=v=12ms
Sol:
No of waves =length/distance
Distance=length/no of waves
λ=1/10 =0.1
V=f λ
F=v/λ
f=12/0.1
f=120Hz

NUMERICAL 6
GIVEN:
S=1.6m no of waves=?
T=2s frequency=?
λ=20cm=0.02m time period =?

Sol:
No of waves = 80/2
f=40Hz
T=1/f
T=1/40
T=0.025

NUMERICAL 7
Given:
λ=700Nm Speed of light =3x108
λ=7x10-7 f=?

SOL :
V=f λ

F=c/ λ

C=3x108/7x10-1
C=4.28x1014Hz
CHAPTER # 2
SOUND

(CONCEPTUAL QUESTIONS)
1. Why sound travel faster in solid than liquid and gasses?
Ans. Sound wave travel faster in solid because their particle is
packed closely together, and they vibrate faster.

2. Why are we able to distinguish between two sounds


having some loudness?
Ans. It is just because of quality of sound.

3. Vibratory mobile phone on wooden table sounds louder


than held in hand. Why?
Ans. Wooden also start vibrating along with phone whereas in
hand vibration dies due to grip of hand.

4. You see a batsman striking the ball, but we hear stroke


slightly Later. Explain this time difference.
Ans. It is because of speed of light is faster than the speed of
sound. So, we hear the sound.
5. How much intensity level increases when intensity of
louder sound is double than intensity of faintest audible
sound?
Ans: As sound level = 10 log I / I o
=10 log 2 Io / I o * I=2 Io
=3.010
So, the sound level by 3 times.

6. two singers are singing with 60db intensity level in a hall?


a. Is intensity of sound in hall doubled.
Ans. The intensity will remain some because the intensity level
is not directly added.

b. Is intensity level of sound doubled?


Ans. No, the intensity level of sound will remain some.

7. If pitch of sound is increased then what is its effect on?


a. Frequency: The frequency of sound is increased.
b. Speed: The speed of sound will remain constant.
c. Intensity: The intensity of sound increases.
d. Loudness: The loudness will remain some.
e. Wavelength: The wavelength of sound is increased.

8. Vibrating bodies produce sound. But we don’t hear sound


when pendulum vibrates. Why?
Ans. It is because the pendulum vibrates with a frequency of less
than 20Hz. So, we cannot hear the sound as Audible frequency
of humans is 20-20000Hz.

9. Two students are talking in the corridor of your schools


you hear them in your class but can’t see them. why?
Ans. It is because sound can travel through solid. So, we can
hear student while we cannot see them because light cannot
travel through wall.

10. How do curtain helps to reduce loudness of sound?


Ans. Curtain help to reduce the loudness of a sound as they
absorb the sound when it touches the curtain.

11. what steps do you take to stop echo in a large room?


Ans. To stop echo in a large room we would place soft objects
which absorb the sound and prevent it from reflecting and
producing on echo.
NUMERICAL QUESTIONS
Given Data:
I=10-5
I.L=?
Sol:
I.L=10log I/Io
I.L=10log x 10-5/10-12
I.L=10(7)
I.L=70db Ans
Numerical 2:
Given:
I.L=40 dB
S. L=?
Sol:

I.L=10log I dB
40/10=log I-log10-12
4=logI-log1x10-12
logI =4+log1x10-12
logI =4-12
logI=-8
I=Antilog(-1)
I=1x10-8

Numerical 3 :
Given Data:
Io=1x10-12 Wm-2(thres hold of hearing)
I=1x10Wm-2
Solution:

I.L=10logI/Io
I.L=10Log (1)
I.L=10(0)
I.L=0 dB
NOW,
I.L=10logI/Io
I.L=10(12)
I.L=120 dB
Numerical 4 :
Given :
V=1480ms-1
λ=0.7m f= ?
Solution :

f= v/λ
f=1480/0.7
f=2114.23Hz

Numerical 6:
Given:
f1=20Hz
f2=20000Hz
v=332ms-1
Solution:
V= F1 λ1
λ=v/ f1
=332 / 20
= 16.6m
NOW, v=F2 λ2
λ= V/ F2
=332 / 20000
λ=0.0166m

NUMERICAL 7
Given:
T=3s
V=340ms-1
S=?
Sol:
S=rt
S=(340)(3)
S= 1020m

NUMERICAL 8
T= 5.3s
V= 1550ms2
D=?
SOL:
S= Vt
= (1550) (5.3)
D= 8215/2
=4107.5

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