Mathematics

Quarter 2-Module 2
Translating into variation statement a
relationship between two quantities given by a
table of values and a mathematical equation
Week 2
Learning Code - M9AL-IIb-1
 GRADE 9
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 2 – New Normal Math for G9
First Edition 2020
Copyright © 2020
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not represent nor claim ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education
Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Mary Mel M. Nipales – Teacher I
Ricardo B. Banigon Jr.
Editors: Andrea R. Intal – Head Teacher III
Marilou C. Geruela – Master Teacher I
Bernard O. Tabang – Head Teacher VI

Validators: Remylinda T. Soriano, EPS, Math

Angelita Z. Modesto, PSDS
George B. Borromeo, PSDS

Illustrator: Writer
Layout Artist: Mary Mel M. Nipales – T I
Marilou C. Geruela – MT 1

Management Team: Malcolm S. Garma, Regional Director

Genia V. Santos, CLMD Chief
Dennis M. Mendoza, Regional EPS in Charge of LRMS and
Regional ADM Coordinator
Maria Magdalena M. Lim, CESO V, Schools Division
Superintendent
Aida H. Rondilla, Chief-CID
Lucky S. Carpio, Division EPS in Charge of LRMS and
Division ADM Coordinator
 GRADE 9
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
TRANSLATING INTO VARIATION STATEMENT A
MODULE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TWO QUANTITIES GIVEN BY A
2
TABLE OF VALUES AND A MATHEMATICAL EQUATION

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

PPREPREVIER!
LEARNING COMPETENCY
The learner
translates into variation statement a relationship between two quantities
given by: (a) a table of values; (b) a mathematical equation; (c) a graph, and
vice versa. (M9AL-IIb-1) Take note that graphing will be thoroughly discussed
in the next module (Module 3)

WHAT I KNOW
PPREPREVIER
Write the letter of the correct answer on your answer sheet.
! 1. If y varies directly as x, and 𝑦 = 32 when 𝑥 = 4, find the constant (k)
of variation.
A. 8 B. 36 C. 28 D. 128

2. What happens to T when h is doubled in the equation T = 4h?

A. T is halved C. T is doubled
B. T is tripled D. T becomes zero

3. Which statement of variation describes the table of values below?

𝑥 3 4 6 8 12
𝑦 16 12 8 6 4
A. 𝑦 varies directly as 𝑥 C. 𝑦 varies inversely as 𝑥
B. 𝑦 varies jointly as 𝑥 D. 𝑦 varies directly and inversely as 𝑥

4. What is the constant (k) of variation in item #3?

A. 48 B. 38 C. 19 D. 2

5. A car travels d km in t hours. The formula that relates d to t is 𝑑 = 𝑘𝑡. What

kind of variation is it?
A. Direct B. Inverse C. Joint D. Combined

6. If y varies inversely as x, and 𝑦 = 32 and 𝑥 = 4, find the constant of

variation.
A. 8 B. 36 C. 28 D. 128
7. Which variation statement applies to 𝑦 = 8𝑥𝑧?
A. y varies inversely as x
B. y varies directly as x and z
C. y varies inversely to two or more quantities
D. y varies directly to some quantities and varies inversely to some other
quantities.

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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
8. Which of the following equations is an example of combined variation?
6
14 1000 3𝑧
A. 𝑦 = B. 𝑦 = C. 𝑦 = D. 𝑦 = 12
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

9. What does “y varies inversely as x” mean?

A. As the value of y increases, the value of x remains constant.
B. As the value of y increases, the value of x also increases.
C. As the value of y decreases, the value of x also decreases.
D. As the value of y increases, the value of x decreases.

10. Jelly can finish 3 assignments (a) in 30 minutes (t). What is the constant (k) of
variation if t varies inversely as a?
A. 90 B. 100 C. 110 D. 120

WHAT’S IN
PPREPREV
IER! Before you go further, review and revisit the types of variation.
Identify what type of variation (direct, indirect, joint, combined) the
following statements describe, then write your answers on your answer
sheet.

1. As the value x increases, the value of y decreases.

2. The value of y varies directly to two or more quantities.
3. As the value of x increases, the value of y also increases.
4. The value of 𝑦 varies directly to some quantities and varies inversely to
some other quantities.
5. As the value of y increases, the value of x decreases.

WHAT’S NEW
During the time of Enhanced Community Quarantine (ECQ), everyone was
required to stay at home to avoid exposure to the COVID-19 infection. Only those
who had a Quarantine Pass could go outside to buy essential needs. Because of
this situation, most people relied on online transactions. Consequently, online
sellers, delivery food and courier companies became the popular businesses.
These helped people obey the ECQ rules while getting what they wanted and
what they needed every day.
Suppose your family owns a branch of a courier company and every day
your branch needs to deliver 180 parcels. Consider the number of parcels
delivered in an hour. Which condition do you think will take a shorter time to
deliver all 180 parcels?
A. Delivering more parcels in an hour
B. Delivering less parcels in an hour

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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

WHAT IS IT
Based on the situation in What’s New, which do you think is the practical
answer? To analyze it better, we can set different numbers of parcels (x) delivered
in an hour, as shown in Table 1, and solve for the number of hours (y) it takes
to deliver all 180 parcels.
180
The problem can be solved using the mathematical equation 𝑦 = 𝑥 , where
x is the number of parcels your branch can deliver in an hour, and y is the
number of hours your branch can deliver all these parcels.

Complete the table.

Table 1: Company delivery time
Number of parcels delivered in an hour (x) 10 12 18 20
Number of hours spent delivering all 180
18
parcels (y)

Solution:
𝟏𝟖𝟎
Use the mathematical equation, 𝒚 = 𝒙 where x is the number of parcels
your branch can deliver in an hour, and y is the number of hours your branch
can deliver all 180 parcels.

Substitute 𝑥 = 10,
180 180
𝑦= = = 18
𝑥 10
Substitute 𝑥 = 12,
180 180
𝑦= = = 15
𝑥 12
Substitute 𝑥 = 18,
180 180
𝑦= = = 10
𝑥 18
Substitute 𝑥 = 20,
180 180
𝑦= = =9
𝑥 20

This shows that the more parcels you could deliver in an hour (x), the
shorter the time (y) it would take to deliver all 180 parcels as shown in Table 1.
The relationship states that “as the value of x increases, the value of y decreases.”

Table 1: Company Delivery Time

Number of parcels delivered in an hour (x) 10 12 18 20
Number of hours spent delivering all 180 parcels
18 15 10 9
(y)

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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
Moreover, to completely say that the table of values represents an inverse
variation, it must have a constant of variation (k). The constant of variation is the
number that relates two or more variables that are directly proportional or
inversely proportional to one another. In this case, the constant of variation (k)
given by k = xy is the case value for all parcels.

Number of parcels delivered in an hour (x) 10 12 18 20

Number of hours spent delivering all 180 parcels
18 15 10 9
(y)
Constant of Variation (k) 180 180 180 180

Since the product of x and y in all columns are the same, then the table of
values represents an inverse variation. This implies that the relationship of the
number of hours spent (y) in delivering 180 parcels is inversely proportional to
the number of parcels (x) delivered in an hour. Thus, the problem illustrates an
inverse variation and the variation statement of the given table of values is “y
varies inversely as x.”

Example 1:
People are required to wear facemask whenever they leave their home.
Assume that a re-seller of facemasks recorded her profits for the sales she made
(See Table 2). Does the table show direct or inverse variation?

Table 2: Profits Earned (in Php)

Number of boxes sold (x) 12 15 20 21
Profit (y) 108 135 180 189
This could also be graphed as shown, where y-axis is the profit while x-
axis is the number of boxes:

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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
There are two steps to determine if the table of values represents a direct
or inverse variation. First is to check the trend of the values whether it is
increasing or decreasing, and then, determine if there is a constant of variation.
Looking at the trend of each variable in the table, it shows a direct variation
because as the number of boxes sold (x) increases, the profit (y) also increases.
Since the trend illustrates a direct variation, the formula in finding the constant
𝑦
of variation (k) is 𝑘 = 𝑥. Furthermore, if given a graph, a direct variation is
represented by a line when graphed.
Table 3: Profit Earned (in Php) and the Constant of Variation
Number of boxes sold (x) 12 15 20 21
Profit (y) 108 135 180 189
108 135 180 189
Constant of variation (k) =𝟗 =𝟗 =𝟗 =𝟗
12 15 20 21
Using the constant of variation, k (See Table 3), we can generate a
mathematical equation for direct variation, 𝑦 = 𝑘𝑥, where y is the profit, x is the
number of boxes sold and k is the constant of variation. The mathematical
equation is obtained by substituting the computed constant of variation (𝑘 = 9)
to 𝑦 = 𝑘𝑥 and gives 𝑦 = 9𝑥. The variation statement for this example is “y varies
directly as x.”

Example 2:
Given the mathematical equation 𝑦 = 17𝑥, determine the following:
a. Kind of variation (Direct or Inverse)
b. Variation statement
c. Constant of variation
Solution:
a. The mathematical equation shows a direct variation because it is
in the form 𝑦 = 𝑘𝑥, where k is a constant.
b. y varies directly as x
c. 𝑘 = 17
The two other types of variation are Joint variation which is just like a direct
variation, but it involves two or more variables: 𝑦 = 𝑘(𝑥𝑧), and the Combined
𝑘𝑥
variation where there is a combination of direct and inverse variation: 𝑦 = 𝑧 .
Example 3:
Given the mathematical equation 𝑦 = 8𝑥𝑧, determine the following:
a. Kind of variation
b. Variation statement
Solution:
a. The mathematical equation shows a direct variation but includes
more than two variables because it is in the form 𝑦 = 𝑘𝑥𝑧, where k
is a constant, therefore, this is a joint variation.
b. y varies directly as x and z

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 GRADE 9
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
Example 4:
20𝑥
Given the mathematical equation 𝑦 = 𝑧 , determine the following:
a. Kind of variation
b. Variation statement
Solution:
a. The mathematical equation shows a direct variation together with
an inverse variation therefore, this is a combined variation.
b. y varies directly as x and inversely as z
Example 5
If y varies inversely as x, and 𝑦 = 8 when 𝑥 = 12, find the constant of
variation.
Solution:
The relationship of the variables shows an inverse variation. Thus, the
constant of variation (k) is the product of x and y, that is, k=xy.
Substitute the given values of x and y to solve for k. Since y=8 and x=12,
then to solve for k we have:
𝑘 = 𝑥𝑦
𝑘 = (12)(8)
𝑘 = 96
Therefore, the constant of variation is 96.

WHAT’S MORE
ACTIVITY 1 – Transportation
Given: You wanted to know the relationship between the distance travelled by
your car (x) and its fuel consumption (y). You have decided to take a daily note
for one week to compare the two quantities (See Table 4).
Table 4 – Car Fuel Consumption

Distance travelled in km (x) 2 3 4 5 6

Fuel consumption in L (y) 14 21 28 35 42

Answer the following:

1. What is the constant of variation? ___________________________________
2. Make a mathematical equation: _____________________________________
3. Write the relationship in a sentence:
________________________________________________________________________
4. What type of variation does the table represent? ______________________
5. Give the variation statement: ________________________________________
ACTIVITY 2 – Get Together
Given: Lhaila and her friends organized an overnight swimming pool get-
together. The total amount of Php 24 000 was allotted for the resort reservation
and car rental which would be divided in proportion to the number of attendees.

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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
Lhaila noted some possible amount of contribution in proportion to the number
of attendees (See Table 5).

Table 5 – Possible Amount of Contribution

Number of attendees (x) 8 10 12 15 24
Amount of contribution per attendee in PhP (y) 3000 2400 2000 1600 1000

Answer the following:

1. What is the constant of variation? ___________________________________
2. Make a mathematical equation: _____________________________________
3. Write the relationship in a sentence:
________________________________________________________________________
4. What type of variation does the table represent? ______________________
5. Give the variation statement: ________________________________________
ACTIVITY 3 - SOLID
The figure below shows a rectangular solid. Its width is represented by w, its
length is l, and height is h.

Answer the following:

1. Express the volume, V of the rectangular solid using the given
representation of its dimensions. ___________________________________
2. What type of variation does the equation in (1) represent? __________________
3. Consider that the volume of the rectangular solid is constant. Express its width, w,
in terms of its constant volume k, length, l, and height, h. ___________________.
4. What type of variation does the equation in (3) represent?_____________________

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 GRADE 9
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

To check if the table of values represents a direct or inverse variation, follow

the steps below:

1. Check the trend of the values (x and y). If the values of x and y have the
same trend (e.g. “as the values of x increase, the values of y also increase”
and “as the values of x decrease, the values of y also decrease), then the
table represents a direct variation. If the values of x and y go on opposite
trends (e.g. “as the values of x increase, the values of y decrease” and vice
versa), then the table represents an inverse variation.

2. Determine if there is a constant of variation (k). A direct variation follows

𝑦
the formula, 𝑘 = to solve for the constant of variation while an inverse
𝑥
variation follows the formula, 𝑘 = 𝑥𝑦 to solve for the constant of variation.

3. The two other types of variation are Joint variation which is just
like a direct variation, but it involves two or more variables: 𝑦 =
𝑘(𝑥𝑧), and the Combined variation where there is a combination of
𝑘𝑥
direct and inverse variation: 𝑦 = 𝑧 .

WHAT I CAN DO
A typhoon hit some areas of Luzon that caused floods and destruction of
houses. It recorded a maximum speed of 70km/h that lasted for 4 days and left
the country on its 5th day. Naturally, when the speed of the typhoon over the
land increases, the number of days it stays in that place decreases.

As described above, the two quantities, namely, speed of the typhoon and
number of days it stays in a particular area have inverse relationships. Thus,
𝑘
the statement can be written in a mathematical equation, 𝑦 = 𝑥 where x is the
speed of the typhoon and y is the number of days it will stay.

1. Complete the table of values by solving for the speed (y).

No. of
8 5 4 3.5 2
Days
Speed 70
2. If the speed of the typhoon increases and the number of days it stays on
the land decreases, what type of variation is described?
________________________________________________________________________
3. What is the constant of variation?
________________________________________________________________________

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 GRADE 9
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
4. Write the variation statement.
________________________________________________________________________
5. If the speed of typhoon is increased to 80km/hour, how many days will it
stay? __________________________________________________________________

ASSESSMENT
Write the letter of the correct answer on your answer sheet. If your answer is not
found among the choices, write the correct answer.

1. What statement of variation describes the table of values below?

x 2 5 10 20 25
y 50 20 10 5 4
A. y varies directly as x C. y varies inversely as x
B. y varies jointly as x D. y varies directly and inversely as x
2. Determine the constant of variation of the table of values in item #1.
A. 200 B. 100 C. 25 D. 20
3. A motorbike travels d km in h time. The formula that relates d to h is
𝑑 = 𝑘ℎ. What type of variation is it?
A. Direct C. Joint
B. Inverse D. Combined
4. If y varies inversely as x, and y = 64 when x = 16, find the constant of
variation.
A. 1024 B. 1204 C. 2048 D. 2408
5. If y varies directly as x, where y = 48 when x = 4. Find the constant of
variation.
A. 8 B. 12 C. 28 D. 128

6. Which variation statement describes 𝑦 = 3𝑥?

A. y varies inversely as x
B. y varies directly as x
C. y varies directly to two or more quantities
D. y varies directly to some quantities and varies inversely to some
other quantities

7. Which of the following is not an example of inverse variation?

1
1400 1488𝑧 888
A. 𝑦 = 𝑥 B. 𝑦 = 𝑥 C. 𝑦 = 𝑥 D. 10
𝑥
8. What happens to M when s is zero in the equation M = 2s?
A. M is halved C. M is doubled
B. M is tripled D. M becomes zero

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 GRADE 9
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
9. Which variation statement describes the relationship of variables in
the given table below?

m 55 44 33 22
n 110 88 66 44

A. m varies inversely as n
B. m varies directly as n
C. m varies directly to two or more quantities
D. m varies directly to some quantities and varies inversely to some
other quantities
10. You can finish 4 modules (m) in 12 hours (t). If number of hours
varies directly as number of modules, what is the constant of
variation?
A. 3 B. 4 C. 8 D. 2

A. 7m
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES

Reflect on your journey as a student. Express your reflection by following the

instructions below.

E-Search

You may also check the following links for your reference and further learnings.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oXGjA_tstEY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=La_HU1PXNMw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=92U67CUy9Gc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U2S23yivcMc

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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

REFERENCES

Mathematics Learner’s Material 9 (Module 3 Variation)

file:///D:/NewNormalEdukalidad/for%20PISA/VARIATION%20Module%20from%20Slid
eshare.pdf
Authors: Merden L. Bryant, Leonides E. Bulalayao, Melvin M. Callanta, Jerry D. Cruz,
Richard F. De Vera, Gilda T. Garcia, Sonia E. Javier, Roselle A. Lazaro, Bernadeth J.
Mesterio, and Rommel Hero A. Saladino
https://braingenie.ck12.org/skills/107199
https://www.google.com/search?q=joint+variation&sxsrf=ALeKk01mY1MTs27s84Yqcq
2qB16vCFLVdg:1591965049714&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiHwq
H6o_zpAhUNQd4KHcAIAAsQ_AUoAXoECA0QAw&biw=1366&bih=625#imgrc=pNEP0Ni
hqIHaIM

PROBLEM – BASED LEARNING WORKSHEET

LET’S RECYCLE

Problems brought about by inconsiderate and careless

waste disposal of people that causes pollution and destroys the
environment are on the rise. Environmentalists and cause-
oriented groups find ways to resolve these problems. They even
lobby for some government policies that would minimize the effects
of the problem in the economy and in health and safety of people.
As a student, do you also experience the effects of these problems?
What do you do to alleviate the effects of these problems?

A local government organization launches a recycling

campaign in schools to raise the student’s awareness of protecting the environment and
of lessening the effects of pollution and climate change. Every kilogram of waste material
that is still recyclable earns points that can be exchanged for school supplies and
grocery items. Paper which accounts for the biggest bulk of collected recyclable waste,
earns 5 points for every kilo.

The table below shows the points earned by a Grade 8 class for every kilogram of
wastepaper collected.

Wastepaper collected in kg (x) 1 2 4 8

Points earned (y) 5 10 20 40

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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

LET’S ANALYZE

1. What happened to the number of points when the number of kilograms of paper
is doubled? Tripled?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

2. How many kilograms of paper will the Grade 8 students have to gather to raise
500 points?
______________________________________________________________________________

3. In what way will you be able to clean the environment by collecting bulks of
wastepaper?
______________________________________________________________________________

4. Find the equation of the variation.

______________________________________________________________________________

5. Translate the equation into variation statement.

_____________________________________________________________________________

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Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

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