Key Concepts:

TXTBK/SLMs + QA LAS Gateway Drugs

Textbook/Supplementary LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET No. _1_
Materials/Self Learning in MAPEH 8 - Health
Module Based Instructions
Paired with MELC-Based Quarter _4_ Week _4_
Quality Assured Learning
Activity Sheet (LAS)

Name: _____________________________Grade and Section: ________________________

Gateway Drugs such as cigarettes and alcohol are legal drugs that a non-drug user
might
Teacher: try, which can lead him/her to more dangerous
___________________________Date drugs ___________________________
Submitted: such as marijuana and shabu.

These milder substances, such as nicotine or alcohol, are believed to open the door
to drugs such as meth, heroin and cocaine, which can lead to addiction.
The Learner…
MELC 1: Discusses gateway
Teenagers whodrugs H8S-IVa-27
engage in early smoking & drinking have higher chance of using and
MELC 2: Analyses the negative health impact of cigarette smoking H8S-IVb-c-29
experimenting with dangerous drugs of abuse.
MELC 3: Analyses the negative health impact of drinking alcohol H8S-IVe-f-31 H8S-IVg-h-32
MELC 4: Discusses strategies in the prevention and control of cigarette smoking and drinking alcoholic
beverages H8S-IVg-h-33
Lesson/Topic: Prevention of Substance Use and Abuse (Cigarette and Alcohol)
References/Sources: MELCs, Physical Education and Health 8 Learner’s Module Page No.: 361-382
https://www.drugrehab.com/guides/gateway-drugs/ 383/401
http://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publica...philippines.pdf
http://alcoholrehab.com/alcoholism/alcohol...he-philippines

Objective: Discuss gateway drugs

Activity 1: Gateway Drugs Day: 1
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ACTIVITY 1: Gateway Drugs

Directions: Answer the following questions based on the concepts presented.

1. What are the examples of gateway drugs? Why are these considered as gateway drugs?

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2. Do you know anyone who is/are dependent on gateway drugs? What do you think will
happen to their health if they continue using it?

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3. How are you going to help someone who is dependent on gateway drugs?

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Objective: Analyse the negative health impact of cigarette smoking

Activity 1: The Impact of Cigarette Smoking Day: 2
Key Concepts:

The Dangers of Cigarette Smoking

What is a Cigarette?

 A cigarette is a cylindrical roll of shredded

or ground tobacco (Tobacco is a tall, leafy
plant, originally grown in South and
Central America, but now cultivated
throughout the world) that is wrapped in
paper.

 Many manufactured cigarettes also

have filters on one end that are intended to
trap some of the toxic chemicals contained
in cigarette smoke.

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 3 TYPES OF SMOKE PRODUCED BY CIGARETTES
MAIN STREAM SMOKE
 refers specifically to the smoke that a smoker
directly inhales.

SIDE STREAM SMOKE

 the smoke that comes out of the lighted end of a
cigarette or pipe.
 this is also called “second-hand smoke” or
“environmental tobacco smoke”
 this is more dangerous than mainstream smoke
 The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
classifies second-hand smoke as a GROUP A carcinogen.
 It makes the blood platelets stickier, adds friction to blood vessels causing damages to
the linings, thus resulting to an increase in heart rate and performance (www.epa.gov)
THIRD-HAND SMOKE
 smoke left for a long time on sofa, beddings,
pillow and other objects.
 this smoke also called residual tobacco smoke
settles along with dust and can last for months.
 this smoke still contains harmful chemicals and
carcinogens.
NEGATIVE HEALTH IMPACT OF CIGARETTE SMOKING
SELF  Each time a person puffs a cigarette or chew
tobacco, more than 4,000 chemicals comes into
his/her contact.
 There are Carcinogen substances which cause
cancer that are in a lighted cigarettes.
 Nicotine, the addictive drug found in tobacco
products like cigarettes is a poisonous stimulant
drug that increases the central nervous system
activity.
 The central nervous system controls all body
organs like the heart, lungs, brain, and processes
like heart rate, blood pressure rate, respiration
rate, and more.
Here are some of the harmful effects of cigarettes to human
body:
 Asthma
 Cancer
 Bad Breath
 Heart Diseases
FAMILY  Because of secondhand smoke, spouses and
children of people who smoke have an increased
risk of cancer and heart disease.
 Babies whose parents smoke:
3 -Are more likely to have ear infections,
 pneumonia, and bronchitis in the first few
years of their lives.
-Have a higher risk of sudden infant death
syndrome (SIDS).
 Children of people who smoke are more likely to
become smokers themselves.
ENVIRONMENT  Cigarette smoking causes environmental pollution
by releasing toxic air pollutants into the
atmosphere.
 The cigarette butts also litter the environment,
and the toxic chemicals in the residues seep into
soils and waterways, thereby causing soil and
water pollution, respectively.
 Animals and plants that come into contact or
absorb the toxic substances from the cigarette
residues are affected as well.

Activity 1: Impact of Cigarette Smoking

Directions: Analyse the following pictures below then answer the questions that follow.

1. SELF

Carcinogenic Chemicals Inhaled by the Person Smoking Cigarettes

2. FAMILY

Cigarette Smoke Emitted and Inhaled by Some Family Members

3.ENVIRONMEN
T

Improper Disposal of Cigarette Butts

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1. List the implications of cigarette smoking and chewing tobacco to a smoker’s body. Would
you like to have these dangerous chemicals in your body? Why?

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2. Why are mainstream, sides stream and third-hand smoke dangerous to one’s health?
Would you like your loved ones also to get these chemicals emitted from side stream and
third-hand smoke?

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_________________________________________________________________________

3. How are you going to help keep the environment free form pollution caused by cigarettes?

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Objective: Analyze the negative health impact of drinking alcohol

Activity 1: Impact of Drinking Alcohol Day: 3
Key Concepts:

The Dangers of Drinking Alcohol

What is an Alcohol?

• Alcohol is a colorless, bitter-tasting substance

that humans have been consuming since the
ancient times.

• It comes from plants that underwent

fermentation.

• Fermentation is the process of extracting

alcohol from a plant or a fruit.

• An example of fermented alcohol is a beer.

What are three types of alcohol?

 Isopropyl and Methanol are used in laboratories and are poisonous and fatal if taken.

 Ethanol is also called the beverage alcohol.

This is what humans consume that intoxicates and alters the nervous system.

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What are the effects of drinking alcohol?
• When alcohol enters the bloodstream, it goes in all the
parts of the body.
• The main effect of alcohol drinking reflects on a
person’s central nervous system.
• The CNS controls one’s mental processes, memory,
speech, learning and decision-making.
• It also affects a person’s senses, feelings, movement,
and breathing.
• The amount of alcohol that entered in the bloodstream
at a certain period can be measured in percentages
through blood alcohol concentration (BAC) or most
often called blood alcohol level (BAL).
• A BAC of 0.05 percent means there is 5 parts of alcohol
per 10,000 parts of blood in the body.
• A 0.3-0.5 percent BAC could lead to coma, brain
damages, and death.
• A higher BAC means having higher risk of experiencing
impairments in the body functioning.
• Serious medical conditions alcohol can cause:
• Cancer
• Depression
• Heart and respiratory failure
• Cirrhosis (a serious disease of the liver)
• And many more…
• Liver damage can cause ‘jaundice’- yellowing of eyes and skin
• Yellow hands on top, red palms underneath - a sign of liver damage
What are the immediate effects of consuming alcohol?
1. Intoxication
• Happens when alcohol goes into the bloodstream,
producing physical and mental changes in the body.
• This may include changes in sight, smell and other
senses.
2. Hangover
• Occurrence of an uncomfortable feeling after getting
intoxicated.

These two effects are only for occasional drinking. But when a person consumes alcohol
consistently and heavily, extreme changes in the body may occur.
Facts about Alcoholic Beverages:

1. Alcohol is not a source of extra strength

 In fact, alcohol has very low nutritional content and has empty calories.
2. Drinking alcohol does not boost self-esteem
 It is actually a depressant.
 It slows down the function of the central nervous system making a person vulnerable
to doing undesirable things.
3. It also not true that one can be sober after drinking alcohol through consuming coffee and
bathing.
4. Alcohol is also not yet proven to be cure to snake bites and other related injuries
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 Activity 1: Impact of Drinking Alcohol

Directions: Analyse the following sentences. Put a √ mark on the column if the statement is
true about alcohol and X if not.

1. One can drink hard and remain in control of himself/herself.

2. Alcohol has very low nutritional content and has empty calories.
3. The effect of drinking more than one type of alcohol is greater than sticking
to one.
4. Eating before drinking alcohol can prevent someone from being intoxicated.
5. Drinking coffee after consuming alcohol can make you sober.
6. If someone faints after drinking alcohol, it’s okay to let him/her sleep.
7. Alcohol is a good alternative to cure snake bites.
8. Intoxication happens when alcohol goes into the bloodstream, producing
physical and mental changes in the body.
9. The main effect of alcohol drinking reflects on a person’s central nervous
system.
10. Ethanol are used in laboratories and are poisonous and fatal if taken.
11.The amount of alcohol that entered in the bloodstream at a certain period
can be measured in percentages through blood alcohol concentration (BAC) or
most often called blood alcohol level (BAL).
12. Vaporization is the process of extracting alcohol from a plant or a fruit.
13. Cirrhosis is a serious disease of the liver.
14. Drinking alcohol boost self-esteem.
15. A BAC of 0.05 percent means there is 5 parts of alcohol per 100,000 parts
of blood in the body.

Objective: Discuss strategies in the prevention and control of cigarette smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages
Activity 1: Strategies in the Prevention and Control of Cigarette Smoking and Drinking Alcoholic Beverages Day: 4

Three-Step Technique of Saying NO to Cigarette and Alcohol

Step 1: What is the problem?
Say what is wrong. Say “That it is wrong.”, “Smoking is bad.”, “That is prohibited.”, or “Drinking
alcohol is against the school rules.”
Step 2: What could happen?
Ask the following: Could anyone be harmed if I do it? How? , Could it get into trouble? Would it make
one feel bad if I do it?
Step 3: What are the ways of saying NO?
Choose from any of the following:
 Say No. “No, I’m not interested,” or simply say “No”
 Change the topic. Say “I’m going to the park, you can come with me or “Would you like to
see a movie with me?”
 Tell the truth. Say “I hate smoking. It makes my breath smell ba?” or Smoking makes the
body smell stink.” or “I’m too young to die.”
 Joke about it. Say “My parents are good at smelling, I won’t get past them.” or “Are you really
ready to die? I’m not!”
 Give reasons. “I don’t smoke, it’s bad for the health.”, “I’m pro-environment, smoking makes
the air dirty,” or “I have a training today, I need clean air to get going,” or “Let’s play
basketball, beat me!”
 Tell a story. Say “My father got really sick with smoking. It was painful.”, or “My grandmother
died from smoking. I don’t want that to happen to me or to you!”
 Walk away if you can’t change your friend’s mind.
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 REPUBLIC ACT NO.9211
otherwise known as “The Tobacco Regulation Act of 2003”
The law governing tobacco production, distribution and use.
Section 5. Smoking Ban in Public Places. Smoking shall be absolutely prohibited in the following public
places;
a. Centers of youth activity such as playschools, preparatory schools, elementary schools, high schools,
colleges and universities, youth hostels and recreational facilities for persons under eighteen (18) years old
b. Elevators and stairways
c. Locations in which fire hazards are present, including gas stations and storage areas for flammable liquids,
gas, explosives or combustible materials
d. Within the buildings and premises of public and private hospitals, medical, dental, and optical clinics, health
centers, nursing homes, dispensaries and laboratories
e. Public conveyances and public facilities including airport and ship terminals and train and bus stations,
restaurants and conference halls, except for separate smoking areas.
Section 9. Minimum Age Sales. – Under this Act, it shall be unlawful
a. for any retailer of tobacco products to sell or distribute tobacco products to any minor (persons
below 18 years of age);
b. for any person to purchase cigarettes or tobacco products from a minor;
c. for a minor to sell or buy cigarettes or any tobacco product; and
d. for a minor to smoke cigarettes or any other tobacco products.
Chapter 2, Article 5, Section 24 of Republic Act No. 8749, also known as the “Philippine Clean Air Act of
1999” states that
Smoking inside a public building or an enclosed public place including public vehicles and other means
of transport or in any enclosed area outside of one's private residence, private place of work or any duly
designated smoking area is hereby prohibited under this Act. This provision shall be implemented by the
Local Government Units.

Republic Act No. 10586

An Act Penalizing Persons Driving Under The Influence Of Alcohol, Dangerous Drugs, And Similar
Substances, And For Other Purposes.

The law essentially prohibits driving while under the influence of alcohol; classified under the act
as wines, beer, any distilled spirits that can cause intoxication upon consumption. It also prohibits
the operation of a vehicle while under the influence of most drugs; ranging from cannabis,
ecstasy, cocaine, methamphetamine hydrochloride (meth/shabu) to over the counter, and
prescription medication like Valium or Cough Medicine.

Under the Act, you can be pulled over by law enforcement officials, traffic enforcers, and the like.
They can only do so if they have probable cause to believe you may be under the influence.
Probable cause means cases where a driver is swerving through traffic, over-speeding, driving in
stutters, or the evident smell of alcohol on one’s breath.

Other limitations on drinking alcohol in the Philippines

 Age
The legal drinking age in the Philippines is 18.
Those who sell alcohol to minors will be penalized.
 Places
Banned - Health care establishments like hospitals, educational buildings like schools,
govt offices, public transport
Voluntary - sporting events, leisure events such as concerts, workplaces, parks, streets,
Allowed - homes, bars and similar establishments

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Activity 1: Strategies in the Prevention and Control of Cigarette Smoking and Drinking
Alcoholic Beverages

Directions: Read the situations below and discuss the strategies and laws about cigarette
smoking and alcohol drinking that you will apply in order to handle them properly.

1. Your classmate offered you a smoke at a hidden corner of the school, what will
you say? What will you do?

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2. A friend of yours started to smoke. How will you make him/ her quit early before it
is too late?

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3. You and your friend are walking home from school. You stumble upon an
unopened can of beer on the road. Your friend told you to get the beer and drink it at
the side. What should you do?
___________________________________________________________________
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4. Your friends invited you for a sleepover to make a project in Science. After
finishing the project, your friends suggested to watch a movie. While watching the
movie, one friend brought bottles of beer. You were asked to get one and drink. What
should you do?
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 Prepared by:

Chiemby Normandia-Cinco
Teacher Writer
Calbayog City National High School

Frances Angelique D. Jabinal

Layout Artist

Checked by:

Corie B. Senolos
QAT/ Language Editor

Blesildo A. Orquin Rolando R. Lacbo

QAT/ Content Editor QAT/ Content Editor

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