GRAMMAR FOR IELTS

1. Cohesive Devices
2. Linker Words
3. Conjunctions
4. Complex Sentences
5. Conjunctions & Linker Words (sentence formation)
6. Phrasal Verbs
7. Idioms
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 Linker Words to aid Writing and Speaking proficiency
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 Linker words to depict sequence in a sentence
1. The proposal for X Co, is our priority above all other projects.
2. First and foremost, we must get started on this event.
3. Previously, we discussed this issue at length and arrived at the following
solutions.

Write 3 sentences

1.

2.

3.
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 Linker words to illustrate a part of a sentence
1. Additionally, we must ensure that the deliverables are within the proposed
budget.
2. Besides, we never heard back from them.
3. He is a probable candidate, moreover, he is comfortable commuting to the
head office.

Write 3 sentences

1.

2.

3.
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 Linker words to add to a part of a sentence
1. Additionally, we must ensure that the deliverables are within the
proposed budget.
2. Besides, we never heard back from them.
3. He is a probable candidate, moreover, he is comfortable commuting to the
head office.

Write 3 sentences

1.

2.

3.
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 Linker Words to aid Writing and Speaking proficiency
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 Linker words to depict qualification
1. However, we shall continue working virtually for the remainder of
this month.

2. Although she is new here, she has adapted quite well.

3. Unless it is ready by tomorrow, we won’t be able to meet our

targets.

Write 3 sentences

1.

2.

3.
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 Linker words to add contrasting phrases
1. Nevertheless, we have already begun working on this project.

2. On the other hand, you do make a compelling argument.

3. All of my colleagues work out of New York, whereas I work out

of Seattle.

Write 3 sentences

1.

2.
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3.
 Linker words that compare
1. As the deadline inches closer, we are all similarly burdened.

2. Draw up a proposal in the same way as the other day.

3. The standard of work must be equally as good as the other

departments’.

Write 3 sentences

1.

2.

3.
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Conjunctions
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Exercises
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 Choose the correct conjunction

1. _____ Mary _____ Gabriel are from Italy.

2. Her story isn’t _______ boring ______ theirs.
3. Micheal can _____ read _____ write.
4. We had _____ gone to bed ______ the phone rang.
5. I can have ____ a cola ___ tea.
6. ____ she loves hiking, __ she loves travelling as well.
7. _____ she likes him ___ not, she must work with him.
8. I have _____ mastered CSS ____ learned HTML and JavaScript.
9. ______ using dried herbs, he used fresh ones.
10. ______ George ______ his brother are very tall.
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 Answers
1. Both, and
2. As, as
3. Neither, nor
4. No sooner, than
5. Either, or
6. Just as, so
7. Whether, or
8. Not only, but also
9. Rather than
10. Neither, nor
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 Choose the correct conjunction
1. I need to work hard _____ I can pass the exam.
2. ______ he was the best candidate, he didn't win the
elections. - When
3. ____ you come back from your trip, we'll meet to
- So that
discuss the problem.
4. They said that the movie was fantastic, ___ I watched - And
it. - Since
5. _____ he was very ill, he didn't take any medicine.
- Or
6. I don't know ____ I can buy a pair of jeans.
7. She went to the shops ___couldn't find anything that - Although
could fit her needs. - But
8. Everybody likes him because he is nice ___ helpful.
9. _____ he was angry with her, he didn't utter a word. - Where
10. Keep quiet ___ go out.
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 Answers
1. So that
2. Although
3. When
4. So
5. Although
6. Where
7. But
8. And
9. Since
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10. Or
 Choose the correct conjunction
1. The weather in Texas is hot, ____ it's known to get cold there as well.
2. ____ it rains on Sunday, I will not be able to drive.
3. I like dogs a lot ____ they're so friendly.
4. Amber doesn't have a ride, ____ Pearl will have to take her home.
5. Neither my mother _____ my father will be able to attend the party on
Sunday.
6. Receptionists must be able to relay information ______ pass messages
accurately
7. I did not attend the party ______ I have to take care of my sister
8. Falcis is the head of the Political Science Society ______ the Oratorical and
Debate Council.
9. Read over your answers ______ correct all mistakes before you pass them
up.
10. They had an unpleasant experience ______ she was staying in Ate Nene’s
room
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 Answers
1. Although
2. If
3. Because
4. So
5. Nor
6. And
7. Because
8. And
9. And
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10. When
 Complex Sentences
Use subordinating conjunctions (though, if, when, because, as, unless etc) to connect
the sentences into one complex sentence

1. Henry needs to learn English. I will teach him.

2. It was raining outside. We went for a walk.
3. Jenny needs to ask me. I will buy it for her.
4. Yvonne played golf extremely well. She was very young.
5. Franklin wants to get a new job. He is preparing for job interviews.
6. I'm writing a letter, and I'm leaving. You will find it tomorrow.
7. Marvin thinks he will buy the house. He just wants to know what
his wife thinks.
8. Cindy and David had breakfast. They left for work.
9. I really enjoyed the concert. The music was too loud.
10. Alexander has been working sixty hours a week. There is an
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important presentation next week.

 Answers

1. As Henry needs to learn English, I will teach him.

2. We went for a walk even though it was raining.
3. If Jenny asks me, I will buy it for her.
4. Yvonne played golf extremely well when she was young.
5. Because Franklin wants to get a new job, he is preparing for job
interviews.
6. I'm writing you this letter which you will find after I leave.
7. Unless his wife doesn't like the house, Marvin will buy it.
8. After Cindy and David had eaten breakfast, they left for work.
9. I really enjoyed the concert although the music was too loud.
10. As Alexander has an important presentation next week, he has
been working sixty hours a week.
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 Complex Sentences
Combine the sentences to make one compound-complex sentence.

1. Susan teaches the kids who live in the neighborhood. They meet in the
evenings after she comes home from work.
2. The doctor wants to prescribe physical therapy, and he asked me to see
a specialist. He recommended Dr. Smith.
3. Anthony told us about the assembly of the products. Unfortunately, he
didn't tell us about where they were made.
4. We managed to finish the exercise on time and passed the exam.
However, it was very difficult.
5. The man spoke little English. Mary understood him, but couldn't help.
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 Complex Sentences
Combine the sentences to make one compound-complex sentence.

6. We didn't have much time, so we didn't read the final chapter.

However, we still enjoyed the book.
7. We will miss our father greatly. He taught us many lessons. Those
lessons have helped us succeed in life.
8. The eagles attract many tourists. They live in the local mountain
range. Unfortunately, the politicians still refuse to protect them.
9. We finished our work early, so we decided to go out for a drink. We
went to Allan's Pub.
10. The students who attended the university went on strike. They
protested the tuition hikes.
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 Answers

1. Susan teaches the kids who live in the neighborhood in the evenings
after she comes home from work.

2. The doctor wants to prescribe physical therapy, and he wants me to see

Dr. Smith whom he recommended.

3. Anthony instructed us on how the products are assembled, but he failed

to tell us where they were made.

4. Although the exercise was difficult, we managed to finish it on time, so

we passed the exam.

5. Mary understood the man who spoke little English, but she was unable
to help him.
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 Answers
6. Because we had limited time, we didn't read the final chapter, yet we
still enjoyed the book.

7. Our father taught us many lessons which helped us succeed in life, and
we will miss him greatly.

8. The eagles which live in the local mountain range attract many
tourists, but the local politicians still refuse to protect them.

9. As we had finished our work early, we decided to go out for a drink, so

we went to Allan's Pub.

10. The students who attended the university went on strike, for they
protested the tuition hikes.
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 Combined Exercises
1. __________(Linker Word) , we need to work on this _______ (conjunction) the
deadline is tomorrow.
2. __________ (Conjunction) , Marie needs to be assigned her tasks for today as
_______(LW) Kate _____ (LW) Mark are in office yet.
3. ____________, (Linker Word) , _____ (Conjunction) Kate ____ (conjunction) Mark are
yet to reach the building.
4. _________________ (Linker Words) your daily tasks, you are required to assist Jack
___ (conjunction) the upcoming event.
5. __________ (Linker Word) it is completed today, the client won’t be satisfied _____
(conjunction) won’t return to us with another work opportunity.
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 Conjunction and Linker Words combined in a sentence
6. ____________________ (Linker Word) , I play ____ (conjunction) tennis ____
(conjunction) football.
7. ______________ (Linker Word) , I am stuck here for the weekend, ___
(conjunction) bored ___ (conjunction) one can be.
8. All my colleagues work out of New York ____ (conjunction) Seattle _______
(Linker Word) I work out of Los Angeles.
9. It is the end of the week ____ (conjunction) we are all ________ (Linker
Word) tensed.
10. __________ (Linker Word) you’re in downtown Los Angeles, you’ll see movie
stars ___ (Conjunction) singers.
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 Answers
1. Furthermore, Because
2. Although, neither, nor
3. However, both, and
4. In addition to, for
5. Unless, and
6. On top of that, both, and
7. Subsequently, as, as
8. And, whereas
9. Yet, similarly
10. As long as, or
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 Phrasal Verbs /Expressions
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 Meaning

Phrasal verbs are very common in English, especially in more

informal contexts.

A phrasal verb is the combination of two or three words from

different grammatical categories – a verb and a particle, such
as an adverb or a preposition – to form a single semantic unit
on a lexical or syntactic level. The particle often changes the
meaning of the verb.

Phrasal verbs are phrases that indicate actions.

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 Simply put, they are a phrase consisting of a verb and one or
more other sentence components, such as a preposition or
an adverb. Few examples are:

To dive into: To occupy oneself with something.

Example: I’ll dive into that new TV show later tonight.

To dress up: To wear nice clothes.

Example: Abed dressed up for the presentation.

To end up: To eventually become a certain way, or find oneself

in a situation.

Example: He ended up taking the job

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 Phrasal Verb Meaning Example

Get on To get inside a bus/ to We couldn’t get on

have a good because there were
relationship. lots of people on the
bus.
Come back Return When are you coming
back.
Take off When the plane starts I was afraid of flying
moving and flies up. but when the plane
took off i stopped
being nervous

Fill in Write in the necessary Can you fill in this

information. blank please?
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 Phrasal Verb Meaning Example

Wake up To stop sleeping When did you wake

up?

Put on To start wearing I like to put on my

clothes jeans when i step out.

Call off Cancel Why did you call off

our meeting?

Cheer up Make happier Do you want me to

cheer you up?
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 Exercise for Phrasal Verbs - Match the Meaning
a) Dress up 1. Fall to the ground
b) Cut in 2. Wear nice clothes
c) Fall down 3. Become an adult
d) Check something out 4. Interrupt
e) Hang on 5. Stop trying
f) Grow up 6. Look at
g) Give up 7. Wait for a short time
h) Log off 8. Sign out of a database
i) Pass out 9. Faint/lose consciousness
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 Idiomatic Language for Speaking

Let’s look at some common idioms and phrases to

use in IELTS Speaking
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 Meaning
Idioms are a collection of words or phrases which have a
figurative meaning that is generally well established and known.
Therefore, they can’t be taken at their literal meaning.

To achieve a high band score, you should demonstrate less

common and idiomatic vocabulary. One easy way to do that is by
learning idioms.

Make sure that you know the meaning of each idiom clearly and
when to use them, since they are extremely specific.
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 Let’s look at some common idioms.

1. To be on cloud nine 3. To see eye to eye

Agree with someone
Very happy and joyful
4. To cost an arm and a leg
Very expensive
2. It drives me up the wall
It annoys you a lot 5. To add insult to injury
Make a situation worse
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 Try to fill the blanks using the appropriate idiom

1. Buying petrol these days ______. I can barely afford it.

2. The two managers finally _______ on the business deal.

3. I was already late to work, and ________, I got stopped by the police for
speeding.

4. He was ____________ after getting the offer letter for his dream job.

5. The loud music played by my neighbors is _______.

Now, try to make your own sentences using these idioms.

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 6. Bite the bullet
Decide to do something unpleasant that you have avoided doing

7. Let the cat out of the bag

Reveal a secret

8. Give someone the benefit of the doubt

Accepting someone/something even when there are doubts

9. Cut corners
Do something badly to save time or money

10. Go back to the drawing board

Start over
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 1. I hate going to the dentist, but I decided _____________ and go this
weekend.

2. He is quite naïve and trusting so he ___________.

Now, try and make your own sentences using these idioms.
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 11. Over the moon

Extremely pleased and happy

12. Run of the mill

Average, ordinary

13. Found my feet

Become comfortable doing something

14. Go the extra mile

Do much more than required

15. Pull someone’s leg

Tease someone, joke around

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 Try to fill the blanks using the appropriate idiom

1. I think he was just _______________ when he said that you failed the exam

2. He was ___________ when his little sister was born

3. I was just a very average, ______________ kind of student.

4. Moving to a new city was difficult at first, but I soon ____________.

5. I decided to _______________ and attend Spoken English classes to improve

my speaking skills before the interview.
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 16. Off the top of my head

To say something immediately from memory, without much thought

17. Throw in the towel

Give up, quit

18. To be down in the dumps

Extremely sad

19. Cut to the chase

Get to the point

20. Over the top

Excessive
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 Complete the following sentences using the appropriate idiom.

1. The special effects of the movie were a bit ___________ but I enjoyed it anyway.

2. We’re not going to _____________ just because we lost one game

3. After the greeting, our team leader immediately _____________ and began
discussing the project.

4. She has been moping around all week, and I’ve no idea why she is __________.

5. ___________ I’d have to say no, the new season hasn’t started yet.

Now, try to make your own sentences using these idioms.

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