TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control

Vol. 21, No. 1, February 2023, pp. 88~96

ISSN: 1693-6930, DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v21i1.24250  88

Implementation security system using motorcycle fingerprint

identification and notification Telegram

Eki Ahmad Zaki Hamidi, Mufid Ridlo Effendi, Edi Mulyana, Rina Mardiati
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati, Bandung, Indonesia

Article Info ABSTRACT

Article history: A motorcycle security system using fingerprint recognition and Telegram
notification is a solution to solve motorcycle safety problems and reduce
Received Jul 12, 2021 motorcycle loss cases by using fingerprint sensors attached to the owner’s
Revised Oct 28, 2022 motorcycle and Telegram application as a monitor connected to the
Accepted Nov 07, 2022 motorcycle. The microcontroller used is the Wemos D1 mini connected to
the Telegram application as a communication line between the user and the
motorcycle. The sensor used is the fingerprint sensor. There are differences
Keywords: in data obtained from the fingerprint sensor response results and the
response of the Telegram notification system by testing fingerprints that
Fingerprint have been registered and that are not registered on the fingerprint sensor
Motorcycle with the measurement results using the stopwatch. Measurement differences
Security system on the fingerprint sensor have errors with an average time dispute of 0.27
Telegram seconds. Measurement differences in Telegram notifications have errors
with an average dispute time of 1 second. Hygiene conditions on the
fingerprint sensor influence the difference in reading duration. If there is
fingerprint oil before it, then the reading tends to be slow. The difference in
measurements obtained is small enough that it can be used as a reference.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license.

Corresponding Author:
Eki Ahmad Zaki Hamidi
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati
Jl. AH. Nasution 105 Bandung, Bandung, 40614 West Java, Indonesia
Email: [email protected]

1. INTRODUCTION
In this modern era, the volume of cars and motorcycles is increasing. The Motorcycle Industry
Association (AISI) noted that total domestic sales amounted to 6,487,460 units in 2019 [1]. This shows that
the upper class feels the need for motorcycles, but all levels of society depend heavily on transportation.
The large public need for motorcycles is also accompanied by high growth in criminality regarding
theft. Based on the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) data, there were 27,731 cases of motorcycle theft that
occurred during 2019 [2]. The high number of theft cases of motorcycle vehicles above becomes a daily
problem that still needs to be sought solutions.
Currently, the motorcycle owners use a double lock to save their motorcycle. But it does not usefull,
the thieves could be broken it. So, we need a better security system such as finger print recognition and
Telegram notification, which is installed on the owner’s motorcycle and the Telegram application as a monitor
connected to it. This system is more efficient and effectively. It could be decreased a motorcycle theft.
One solution to secure motorcycles from theft is applying intelligent security system technology
(intelligent security system) [3]. Nowadays, intelligent security system technology (intelligent security systems)
is developing rapidly and has become necessary in all aspects of modern human life. Some of the methods of
motor vehicle security systems that are being developed include the use of smart cards [4], the use of dual

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TELKOMNIKA Telecommun Comput El Control  89

verification with Bluetooth-based smartphones, using face recognition [5], and using fingerprint recognition [6].
This technology is present to help the efficiency and effectiveness of modern human life.
This study designs and implements a motorcycle security system using fingerprints and notification
systems as a precaution by utilizing an instant messenger Telegram application. Fingerprints were chosen
because they have high security and accuracy of fingerprint recognition. The motor will only be able to start
the machine if the person’s fingerprint is successfully confirmed fingerprint sensor and fingerprint
recognition speed is very fast (only a few seconds).
References related to similar research conducted by Furqan et al. [7], in 2021 with the title
“application of security system of motorcycle used fingerprint optical sensor and vibration sensor with fuzzy
logic based on Arduino Uno R3”, made a motorcycle security system using fingerprints integrated with
vibration sensor SW-420 use fuzzy logic method. Astuti et al. [8] conducted a study entitled “vehicle security
system using short message service (SMS) as a danger warning in motorcycle vehicles“ in 2020. This study
aims to security system to alert and warn when a vehicle is stolen. This system aims to provide information to
vehicle owners when a vehicle is in danger by sending coordinate points using SMS and can be displayed
right with the Google Maps application to make it easy for vehicle owners to track or know the position of
the vehicle. Next research Sutikno et al. [9] conducted a study entitled “WhatsApp, Viber and Telegram:
which is the best for instant messaging?” in 2016. In this paper explain there are many free instant
messengers available now which allow people to communicate, telegram being the most secure platform in
the free instant messaging industry.
Finally, research was conducted by Hema and Yadav [10] with the title “secure home entry using
raspberry pi with notification via telegram”. Designing a systems for secure home entry system using internet
of things. This study discusses a home securuty system using Raspberry Pi controller, infrared, camera and
other sensors. Raspberry Pi can be connected with smartphones and PCs makes it easy to operate.
The infrared sensor triggers the camera to recognize faces. The advantage of this system is the notifications
are sent via telegram application.
The position of this research is to create a security system using a fingerprint sensor or the Telegram
application, which combines the Wemos D1 mini microcontroller with fingerprint recognition and Telegram
notifications for motorcycle security systems. The Wemos D1 mini microcontroller is connected to the
“Telegram application” as a communication line between the “user” and the motorcycle, and the sensor used
is the fingerprint “sensor”. Test results showing score accuracy from the fingerprint sensor response and the
Telegram notification system response by testing registered and unregistered fingerprints on the fingerprint
sensor with measurement results using a “stopwatch”. The difference in measurements on the fingerprint
sensor has an error with an average time dispute of 0.27 seconds. The difference in measurements on
“Telegram notifications” has an “error” with an average time dispute of 1 second.

2. METHOD
This study uses fingerprint system fingerprint sensor, and Telegram as a means of notification
security system made. This fingerprint technology is much cheaper and accurate than other technologies.
Nowadays, many developers are beginning to develop several technologies that can identify biological
characters known as biometrics. Biometrics is a technique for identifying and verifying a person based on his
behavior and physical characteristics. Some types successfully developed by developers include fingerprints,
facial structures, retinas, sounds, and others. Among these types of biometric technology, fingerprints are the
best-selling choice because it has high security and difficult to duplicate hardware examples or tools used.
Fingerprint sensors are currently on the market, so getting a finger sensor today is very easy. Fingerprint
sensors are commonly marketed and developed. And Telegram is a cloud-based application and encryption system
that provides end-to-end encryption, self-destruction messages, and multi-data center infrastructure. The hardness
of access given by Telegram that can run on almost all platforms makes it easy for administrators to build a
notification system by utilizing the open application programming interface (API) facility provided by
Telegram through bots that can be used to send messages automatically. Telegram’s cloud base allows for
much faster delivery and large storage media [11].
To do research before to do design and implementation, conducted studies literature that is with
reading appropriate reference with research carried out for determine position research. Then To identify the
problem after knowing the position, a study is next conducted to design and implement. The design and
implementation will be made in various stages as shown.
As shown in Figure 1, include literature study, problem identification, needs analysis, design,
implementation, testing, and analysis. These stages are prepared to support the research process to be
systematic. In solution research, conducted testing to ensure that study succeeds with good. Results are
analyzed so that will obtain a conclusion end from the study.

Implementation security system using motorcycle fingerprint identification and … (Eki Ahmad Zaki Hamidi)
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In this study, the design and implementation were carried out after identifying the problem, namely
the hardware design with a fingerprint sensor finger as initialization owner vehicles that have been registered
and placed on the motor dashboard. Fingerprint sensor finger will be processed by the microcontroller as well
as sent to the Telegram server. Telegram servers will send a notification to the smartphone as initialization
use vehicle, and if the fingerprint sensor finger no initializes fingerprint fingers that don’t register, then the
Telegram server will send a notification to the smartphone and sound the buzzer on the vehicle. Figure 2 is a
design diagram.
Fingerprint recognition process and Telegram notification are carried out using the Wemos D1 mini
microcontroller as a controller in the system. Fingerprint sensor finger used the AS608 sensor is an optical
fingerprint sensor which can detect fingerprint wrinkles. AS608 sensor module later connected with Arduino.
In the testing section, testing will be carried out in 2 stages, namely testing the input system and
testing the connectivity. In the input system section, testing will be carried out on the sensor, then for the
monitoring system, a test for the ability to read data will be carried out, and the output will be notifications on
Telegrams and buzzer alarms. Test results he analyzes with comparison conducted for knowing level
efficiency and optimization from tested tool so that push for enhancement system motorcycle safety.

Figure 1. Research flow

Figure 2. Diagram design

3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The design and implementation of a motorcycle safety system using fingerprints are divided into
several parts: the implementation and analysis of the test results [12]. In part, implementation consists of
system design, hardware and software implementation. In part analysis, fingerprint system testing finger to
response time.

3.1. Design system

In security system design, vehicle motorized installed fingerprint connected fingers to the
microcontroller from microcontroller connected to the relay on the motorcycle. The buzzer will sound if a
fingerprint finger is not recognized and there is a Telegram notification. The design of the motorcycle safety
system using fingerprint recognition and Telegram notifications is shown in Figure 3.

TELKOMNIKA Telecommun Comput El Control, Vol. 21, No. 1, February 2023: 88-96
TELKOMNIKA Telecommun Comput El Control  91

Telegram has feedback, be it to the Telegram app on the phone or the microcontroller [13]. Principe
of the microcontroller takes the last status on the Telegram server as to whether the microcontroller is given
an order or not [14]. The command is an order that is entered/sent via Telegram chat. Directly mobile
wireless fidelity (MiFi) (internet) does not have feedback to the microcontroller, but MiFi (internet) is an
intermediary that connects the microcontroller with the Telegram server so that when the Telegram server
gives feedback to the microcontroller, then the feedback is sent to the microcontroller through the internet
connection on the MiFi [15]. The principle of its work, microcontroller waits for orders from the Telegram
server to do something based on commands sent through the Telegram application [16]. Except for
fingerprint access, the check is done directly on the microcontroller and the results of the check are sent to
the Telegram server to be forwarded to the Telegram app [17].
The design for building a motorcycle security system using fingerprint recognition and Telegram
notifications is demonstrated by Figure 4. The figure shows that the fingerprint sensor reading at this stage is
to customize the fingerprint data that has been submitted and that has not been registered. Then the
fingerprint data will be processed if the fingerprint is appropriate then there will be a notification on the
Telegram application that the fingerprint is known and if the fingerprint is not appropriate then there will be a
notification on the Telegram application that the finger is not known if the experiment is done for 3 times
wrong then the buzzer will serve as an alarm [18], [19].

Figure 3. Illustration of support vector machine

Figure 4. Flowchart motorcycle safety system design

Implementation security system using motorcycle fingerprint identification and … (Eki Ahmad Zaki Hamidi)
92  ISSN: 1693-6930

3.2. Implementation
In implementing this system, it is divided into 2 parts that are hardware implementation and
software implementation. Implementation of this hardware with a combined device that is a fingerprint,
Wemos D1 mini, relay and buzzer. Whereas software implementation that is with uses C language.
In implementing this system, divided into 2 parts, like shown.

3.2.1. Hardware implementation

After passing the design stage in making the hardware series design, the next stage is the hardware
implementation shown in Figure 5. The figure indicates that the fingerprint sensor is connected to the Wemos
D1 mini and the relay connected to the Wemos D1 mini. The alarm is connected to the relay, and peripheral
interface controller used as a microcontroller [20]. The motor is connected to the relay [21]. At this stage, the user
will scan the fingerprint on the fingerprint sensor that will be processed on the Wemos D1 mini. If the fingerprint
is appropriate, then the relay will turn on the starter on the motor. If the fingerprint does not match during the
3× experiment, then Wemos D1 mini processes the data to the relay to turn on the buzzer.

Figure 5. Hardware implementation

3.2.2. Software implementation

Software implementation in research these using libraries. The implementation stage of
programming language software used is Arduino based on C language by using several libraries to use
fingerprint sensor and access Telegram [22]. Among the libraries used are Adafruit fingerprint for fingerprint
sensors and universal Telegram bot to access Telegrams shown in Figure 6(a) and Figure 6(b).

(a) (b)

Figure 6. Library: (a) library Adafruit fingerprint and (b) library universal Telegram bot

TELKOMNIKA Telecommun Comput El Control, Vol. 21, No. 1, February 2023: 88-96
TELKOMNIKA Telecommun Comput El Control  93

For fingerprint using the program in the example of the program given in the library is Adafruit
fingerprint, while for Telegram, use the example program in the universal Telegram bot library [23]. After passing
the design stage in making a software series design, the next stage is implementing software. The Babatirex bot
(a Telegram account for executing commands on pre-created programs) used to build motorcycle security
systems using fingerprint recognition, and Telegram notification is shown in Figure 7 [24].
Figure 7(a) is the main display on the Babatirex bot window, Figure 7(b) is the display on the
Babatirex bot when a fingerprint has been registered on the fingerprint sensor, it will give notification on the
Telegram application, namely “jari dikenal!!!”. Figure 7(c) is the display on the Babatirex bot when the
fingerprint is not registered on the fingerprint sensor, it will give a notification to the Telegram application,
namely jari tidak dikenal!!!”, Figure 7(d) is the display on the Babatirex bot when the system is online which
will give a notification to the Telegram application in the form of a message “Babatirex ON !!!”, Figure 7(e)
is a display on the Babatirex bot when the user disables the “//off” system which will give a notification to
the Telegram application in the form of a message that is “Babatirex off!!”, Figure 7(f) the display when the
fingerprint scanner on the fingerprint sensor is not registered. It conducts experiments 3 times, eating there
will be a notification on the Telegram application “Motor dalam bahaya!!! and Alarm sounds!!!”.

3.3. System testing

The test was conducted by testing the overall test of the AS608 fingerprint sensor and Telegram
notifications that will enter the Telegram server by calculating the response time when the fingerprint starts
to be scanned on the fingerprint sensor until a notification appears on the Telegram application using the
stopwatch as shown in Tabel 1 (known finger or registered finger scales) [25]. As for finger used in testing is
point right and thumb right. Unit time used in seconds.

Table 1. Registered fingerprints Table 2. Unregistered fingerprints

Test Finger Respon time (s) Test Finger Respon time (s)
1 Right index finger 1.89 1 Left index 1.17
2 Right index finger 1.32 2 Left index 1.17
3 Right index finger 1.58 3 Left index 1.29
4 Right index finger 1.04 4 Left index 1.2
5 Right index finger 1.39 5 Left index 1.1
6 Right index finger 1.48 6 Left index 1.28
7 Right index finger 2.17 7 Left index 1.09
8 Right index finger 1.16 8 Left index 1.37
9 Right index finger 1.89 9 Left index 1.22
10 Right index finger 1.44 10 Left index 1.09
11 Right thumb 1.3 11 Left thumb 1.31
12 Right thumb 1.33 12 Left thumb 1.17
13 Right thumb 1.29 13 Left thumb 1.6
14 Right thumb 1.33 14 Left thumb 1.57
15 Right thumb 2.44 15 Left thumb 1.07
16 Right thumb 1.46 16 Left thumb 1.73
17 Right thumb 1.39 17 Left thumb 1.29
18 Right thumb 1.14 18 Left thumb 1.24
19 Right thumb 1.24 19 Left thumb 1.21
20 Right thumb 1.52 20 Left thumb 1.3
Average 1.49 Average 1.27

Based on Table 1, the fingerprint sensor’s response time on the registered fingerprint (right index
finger and right thumb) has an average time of 1.49 seconds. Testing has several different response times, but
the difference is not significant. The test is done 10 times, both on the index finger and right thumb right.
The results of the system test can be seen in Table 1 and Table 2, which shows that the fingerprint
sensor works with each time difference, in Table 1, that is to test the response of the fingerprint sensor with
the registered finger (right index and right thumb) with the average time obtained after 10 times the test is
1.49 seconds. In Table 2 that is testing the response of fingerprint sensors with unregistered fingers (left
index and left thumb) with average time obtained after 10 times testing is 1.27 seconds. The time difference
in the test system fingerprint sensor response with a time difference of 0.27 seconds, the duration of reading
is influenced by the cleanliness condition of the fingerprint sensor if there is fingerprint oil before it then the
reading tends to be slow [25].

Implementation security system using motorcycle fingerprint identification and … (Eki Ahmad Zaki Hamidi)
94  ISSN: 1693-6930

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

Figure 7. Telegram display: (a) main screen bot Babatirex, (b) fingerprint display is recognize, (c) fingerprint
display is unrecognize, (d) system display online, (e) display system off, and (f) motorcycle on danger

4. CONCLUSION
Result of the study is implementation of security motorcycle use introduction fingerprint finger and
Telegram notification have feature monitor given motorbike fingerprint finger in the form of information data
with Telegram notification. Motorcycle security implementation using fingerprint recognition and Telegram
notifications can read the fingerprints of users or non-users. Sensor response has an average difference of
1.49 seconds on registered fingerprints, and unregistered finger sensor responses average an average of 1.27
seconds. System responses have an average difference of 8.09 seconds on registered fingerprints and
unregistered finger system responses equally an average of 9.09 seconds.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Thanks to Dr. Hasniah Aliah, M. Si as dean of the Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Sunan
Gunung Djati Bandung, who has supported this research.

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BIOGRAPHIES OF AUTHORS

Eki Ahmad Zaki Hamidi received his bachelor degree in Engineering from
Swadaya Gunung Djati University in 2001. He received his Master degree in Electrical
Engineering from Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) in 2014. He is now a lecturer in
Department of Electrical Engineering, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. His research is in
the fields of networking and telematics. He can be contacted at email:
[email protected].

Mufid Ridlo Effendi received his bachelor degree in Mechanical Engineering

from Institut Teknologi Nasional (Itenas) in 2006. He received his Master degree in Electrical
Engineering from Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) in 2013. He is now a lecturer in
Department of Electrical Engineering, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. His research is in
the fields of networking. He can be contacted at email: [email protected].

Edi Mulyana received his Bachelor degree in Informatic Engineering from ST

INTEN Bandung in 1999. He received his Master degree in Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)
from two department, informatic enginering in 2005 and electrical engineering in 2013. He is a
lecture in electrical engineering UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung and his research field now
focus on Machine Learning for Embedded System of Internet of Things. He can be contacted
at email: [email protected].

Rina Mardiati received her Bachelor degree in Mathematics Education from

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI) in 2006. She received her Master and Doctoral degree
in Electrical Engineering from Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) in 2009 and 2019. She is
now a lecturer in Department of Electrical Engineering, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung.
Her research is in the fields of mathematical modeling, simulation, traffic modeling and
intelligent systems. She can be contacted at email: [email protected].

TELKOMNIKA Telecommun Comput El Control, Vol. 21, No. 1, February 2023: 88-96