ELECTRICITY BILLING SYSTEM

VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BELAGAVI-590018

A DBMS Mini Project Report On

“ELECTRICITY BILLING SYSTEM”

Submitted in the partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of
Bachelor of Engineering in Computer Science and Engineering

Submitted by

Name of Student
Under the guidance of
Name of Teacher
Project Guide

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

The Oxford College of Engineering
Hosur Road, Bommanahalli, Bengaluru-560068
2020-2021

Department of Computer Science and Engineering, TOCE

ELECTRICITY BILLING SYSTEM

THE OXFORD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Hosur Road, Bommanahalli, Bengaluru – 560068

(Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi)

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

CERTIFICATE
Certified that the project work entitled “ELECTRICITY BILLING SYSTEM”
carried out by Sudent Name,
bonafied students of The Oxford College of Engineering, Bengaluru in partial
fulfilment for the award of the Degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Computer
Science and Engineering of the Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi
during the year 2020-2021. It is certified that all corrections/suggestions indicated for
Internal Assessment have been incorporated in the report deposited in the departmental
library. The project report has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements
in respect of project work prescribed for the said Degree.

Teacher Name HOD NAME Principal Name

Project Guide H O D Dept. of CSE Principal, TOCE

External Viva
Name of the Examiners Signature with Date

1.

2.

Department of Computer Science and Engineering, TOCE

ELECTRICITY BILLING SYSTEM

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

THE OXFORD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Hosur Road, Bommanahalli, Bangalore-560068

(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, accredited by NBA, NAAC, New Delhi &
Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi)

Department Vision

To establish the department as a renowned Centre of excellence in the area of

scientific education, research with industrial guidance, and exploration of the latest
advances in the rapidly changing field of computer science.

Department Mission

To produce technocrats with creative technical knowledge and intellectual skills

to sustain and excel in highly demanding world with confidence.

Department of Computer Science and Engineering, TOCE

ELECTRICITY BILLING SYSTEM

THE OXFORD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Hosur Road, Bommanahalli, Bengaluru – 560068

(Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi)

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

DECLARATION

We, the students of fifth semester B.E, in the Department of Computer Science
and Engineering, The Oxford College of Engineering, Bengaluru declare that the
Project work entitled “ELECTRICITY BILLING SYSTEM” has been carried out by
us and submitted in partial fulfilment of the course requirements for the award of degree
in Bachelor of Engineering in Computer Science and Engineering discipline of
Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi during the academic year 2020-
2021. Further, the matter embodied in the dissertation has not been submitted
previously by anybody for the award of any degree or diploma to any other university.

Student Name

Place: Bengaluru

Date:

Department of Computer Science and Engineering, TOCE

ELECTRICITY BILLING SYSTEM

ABSTRACT

Electricity consumers are often faced with the problem of inaccuracy and
delay in monthly billing due to some drawbacks. Thus, it is essential to have an
efficient system for such purposes via electronic platform with consideration to
proximity. The proposed system automates the conventional process of paying
electricity bill by visiting the Electricity Board which is tiresome and time
consuming. It is also designed to automate the electricity bill calculation and
payment for user convenience. The system is developed with Java swings as the
base programming language which can be used to develop websites, web
applications and web services. The Microsoft Structured Query Language (SQL)
server is also used for creating back-end database. The system would be having
two logins: the administrative and user login. The administrator can view the
user's account details and can add the customer's information of consuming units
of energy of the current month in their account. The Admin must feed the system
with the electricity usage data into respective user’s account. The system then
calculates the electricity bill for every user and updates the information into their
account every month. Users can then view their electricity bill and pay before the
month end.

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ELECTRICITY BILLING SYSTEM

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

A project is a job of great enormity and it can‟t be accomplished by an individual

all by them. Eventually, we are grateful to several individuals whose professional
guidance, assistance and encouragement have made it a pleasant endeavour to undertake
this project.

It gives us great pleasure in expressing our deep sense of gratitude to our

respected Founder Chairman Founder Name, and to our respected Chairman Name,
for having provided us with great infrastructure and well-furnished labs.

We take this opportunity to express our profound gratitude to our respected

Principal Name for his support. We are grateful to the Head of the Department Dr.
Name, for his unfailing encouragement and suggestion given to us during our project
work.

Guidance and deadlines play a very important role in successful completion of

the project on time. We also convey our gratitude to our internal project guide,
Name, for having constantly guided and the development of the project.

Finally, a note of thanks to the Department of Computer Science Engineering,

both teaching and non-teaching staff for their co-operation extended to us. We thank
our parents for their constant support and encouragement. Last, but not the least, we
would like to thank our peers and friends.

Name of Student

ii

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ELECTRICITY BILLING SYSTEM

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract i
Acknowledgment ii
Table of contents iii
List of figures iv
1. Introduction
1.1 Preamble 1-2
1.2 Problem statement 2
1.3 Proposed solution 2
2. Analysis and System Requirements
2.1 Existing and Proposed System 3
2.2 Software & Hardware Requirements 3
3. System Design and Modelling
3.1 Preliminary Design
3.1.1 Entity-Relationship Diagram 4-6
3.1.2 Schema Diagram 7-8
3.2 Normalization
3.2.1 First normal form(1NF) 9
3.2.2 Second normal form(2NF) 9
3.2.3 Third normal form(3NF) 9
4. Implementation
4.1 Implementation of operations 10
4.2 Implementation of SQL statements 10-11
4.3 Algorithm or pseudocode of implementation 12-15
5. Testing
5.1 Testing process 16
5.2 Testing objectives 16
5.3 Levels of Testing
5.3.1 Unit Testing 16-18
5.3.2 Integration testing 18-19
5.3.3 System testing 19-20
6. Discussion and Snapshots
6.1 Tables 21-23
6.2 Snapshots 23-33

Conclusion 34
Bibliography 35
iii

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ELECTRICITY BILLING SYSTEM

LIST OF FIGURES
FIG 3.1.1: Schema diagram of Electricity Billing System 6
FIG 3.1.2: ER diagram of Electricity Billing System 8
FIG 6.1: Snapshot of List of tables 21
FIG 6.2: Snapshot login table description 21
FIG 6.3: Snapshot of customer table description 22
FIG 6.4 Snapshot of tax table description 22
FIG 6.5: Snapshot of rent table description 22
FIG 6.6: Snapshot of bill table description 22
FIG 6.7: Snapshot of meter_info table description 23
FIG 6.8: Snapshot of Splash page 23
FIG 6.9: Snapshot of Login page 24
FIG 6.10: Snapshot of Signup page 24
FIG 6.11: Snapshot of ForgotPassword page 25
FIG 6.12: Snapshot of Admin home page 25
FIG 6.13: Snapshot of New Customer page 26
FIG 6.14: Snapshot of Meter Info page 26
FIG 6.15: Snapshot of Customer Details page 27
FIG 6.16: Snapshot of Tax Details page 27
FIG 6.17: Snapshot of Calculate Bill page 28
FIG 6.18: Snapshot of Delete Customer page 28
FIG 6.19: Snapshot of Customer Home page 29
FIG 6.20: Snapshot of Update Customer Details page 29
FIG 6.21: Snapshot of View Customer Details page 30
FIG 6.22: Snapshot of View Customer Details page 30
FIG 6.23: Snapshot of PayBill page 31
FIG 6.24: Snapshot of Paytm page 31
FIG 6.25: Snapshot of Bill Details page 32
FIG 6.26: Snapshot of Generate Bill page 32
FIG 6.27: Snapshot of Deposit Bill page 33
FIG 6.28: Snapshot of About page 33

LIST OF TABLES
Table 5.1: Negative test case for phone number insertion 17
Table 5.2: Positive test case for phone number insertion 17
Table 5.3: Negative test case for email insertion 17
Table 5.4: Positive test case for email insertion 17
Table 5.5: Negative test case for customer name insertion 18
Table 5.6: Positive test case for customer name insertion 18
Table 5.7: Test case on basis of generation of bill 18
Table 5.8: Test case on basis of Deposit Details 19
Table 5.9: Test cases for the project iv 19-20

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ELECTRICITY BILLING SYSTEM

Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
Electricity Billing System is a software-based application.
i. This project aims at serving the department of electricity by computerizing the
billing system.
ii. It mainly focuses on the calculation of units consumed during the specified time
and the money to be charged by the electricity offices.
iii. This computerized system will make the overall billing system easy, accessible,
comfortable, and effective for consumers.
To design the billing system more service oriented and simple, the following features
have been implemented in the project. The application has high speed of performance
with accuracy and efficiency.
The software provides facility of data sharing, it does not require any staff as in the
conventional system. Once it is installed on the system only the meter readings are to
be given by the admin where customer can view all details, it has the provision of
security restriction.
The electricity billing software calculates the units consumed by the customer and
makes bills, it requires small storage for installation and functioning. There is provision
for debugging if any problem is encountered in the system.
The system excludes the need of maintaining paper electricity bill, administrator
does not have to keep a manual track of the users, users can pay the amount without
visiting the office. Thus, it saves human efforts and resources.

1.1 Preamble
We, the owners of our project, respect all customers and make them happy with
our service.
The main aim of our project is to satisfy customer by saving their time by payment
process, maintaining records, and allowing the customer to view his/her records and
permitting them to update their details.
The firm handles all the work manually, which is very tedious and mismatched.
The objectives of our project are as follows:
 To keep the information of Customer.

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 To keep the information of consuming unit energy of current month.

 To keep the information of consuming unit energy of previous month.
 To calculate the units consumed every month regularly.
 To generate the bills adding penalty and rent.
 To save the time by implementing payment process online.

1.2 Problem Statement

The manual system is suffering from a series of drawbacks. Since whole of the
bills is to be maintained with hands the process of keeping and maintaining the
information is very tedious and lengthy to customer. It is very time consuming and
laborious process because, staff need to be visited the customers place every month to
give the bills and to receive the payments. For this reason, we have provided features
Present system is partially automated(computerized), existing system is quite laborious
as one must enter same information at different places.

1.3 Proposed Solution

o This project system excludes the need of maintaining paper electricity bill as all
the electricity bill records are managed electronically.
o Administrator doesn't have to keep a manual track of the users. The system
automatically calculates fine.
o Users don't have to visit to the office for bill payment.
o There is no need of delivery boy for delivery bills to user's place.
o Thus, it saves human efforts and resources.

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CHAPTER 2
ANALYSIS AND SYSTEM REQUIREMENT

2.1 Existing and Proposed System

The conventional system of electricity billing is not so effective; one staff must
visit each customer’s house to note the meter readings and collect the data. Then,
another staff must compute the consumed units and calculate the money to be paid.
Again, the bills prepared are to be delivered to customers. Finally, individual customer
must go to electricity office to pay their dues.
Hence, the conventional electricity billing system is uneconomical, requires many
staffs to do simple jobs and is a lengthy process overall. In order to solve this lengthy
process of billing, a web based computerized system is essential. This proposed
electricity billing system project overcomes all these drawbacks with the features. It is
beneficial to both consumers and the company which provides electricity.
With the new system, there is reduction in the number of staffs to be employed
by the company. The working speed and performance of the software is faster with high
performance which saves time. Furthermore, there is very little chance of miscalculation
and being corrupted by the staffs.

2.2 Software & Hardware Requirements

Hardware Requirements:
 Hardware Specification: -Processor Intel Pentium V or higher
 Clock Speed: -1.7 GHz or more
 System Bus: -64 bits
 RAM: -16GB
 HDD: -2TB
 Monitor: -LCD Monitor
 Keyboard: -Standard keyboard
 Mouse: -Compatible mouse
Software Requirements:
 Operating System: -Windows 10
 Software: -Microsoft SQL Server
 Front End: -Java core/swings (NetBeans)
 Back End: -My SQL

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CHAPTER 3
SYSTEM DESIGN AND MODELLING

3.1 Preliminary Design

System design is an abstract representation of a system component and their
relationship and which describe the aggregated functionally and performance of the
system. It is also the plan or blueprint for how to obtain answer to the question being
asked. The design specifies various type of approach.
Database design is one of the most important factors to keep in mind if you
are concerned with application performance management. By designing your
database to be efficient in each call it makes and to effectively create rows of data in
the database, you can reduce the amount of CPU needed by the server to complete
your request, thereby ensuring a faster application.

3.1.1 Entity-Relationship Diagram

An entity relationship diagram (ERD) shows the relationships of entity sets
stored in a database. An entity in this context is an object, a component of data. An
entity set is a collection of similar entities. These entities can have attributes that
define its properties.
There are two reasons to create a database diagram. You’re either designing a
new schema or you need to document our existing structure.
If you have an existing database you need to document, you create a database
diagram using data directly from your database. You can export your data base
structure as a CSV file (there are some scripts on how to do this here), then have a
program generate the ERD automatically.
An ER diagram is a means of visualizing how the information a system
produces is related. There are five main components of an ERD:
 Entities, which are represented by rectangles. An entity is an object or concept
about which you want to store information.
 A weak entity is an entity that must defined by a foreign key relationship with
another entity as it cannot be uniquely identified by its own attributes alone.

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 Actions, which are represented by diamond shapes, show how two entities
share information in the database.
 In some cases, entities can be self-linked. For example, employees can
supervise other employees.
 Attributes, which are represented by ovals. A key attribute is the unique,
distinguishing characteristic of the entity.
 A multivalued attribute can have more than one value. For example, an
employee entity can have multiple skill values.
 A derived attribute is based on another attribute. For example, an employee's
monthly salary is based on the employee's annual salary.
 Connecting lines, solid lines that connect attributes to show the relationships
of entities in the diagram.
 Cardinality specifies how many instances of an entity relate to one instance of
another entity. Ordinality is also closely linked to cardinality.
Figure 3.1.1 describes the ER diagram of Electricity Billing System. It has 5
entities namely login, customer, tax, bill, and meter info. The entities have attributes
which are primary and foreign and attributes. The primary attributes are underlined.

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service_charge

cost_per_unit
3.1.1 ER Diagram meter_rent

1
rent
gst

1 service_tax

tax
swacch_bharat_cess

total_bill
N
pays bill
month

meter_no status
units

meter_no
meter_no

name meter_location

city N N

Customer manages meter_info days

address

state phase_code
bill_type

email
has
meter_type
N
phone

login

meter_no username

question password
user

answer

FIG 3.1.1: Schema diagram of Electricity Billing System

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3.1.2 Schema Diagram

Database schema is described as database connections and constraints. It
contains attributes. Every database has a state instances represent current set of
databases with values. There are different types of keys in a database schema.
A primary key is a table column that can be used to uniquely identify every
row of the table. Any column that has this property, these columns are called
candidate key. A composite primary key is a primary key consisting of more than
one column. A foreign is a column or combination of columns that contains values
that are found in the primary key of some table.
All the attributes of each table are interconnected by foreign key which is
primary key in another column and composite key. Primary key cannot be null. The
fact that many foreign key values repeat simply reflects the fact that its one-to-many
relationship. In one-to-many relationship, the primary key has the one value and
foreign key has many values.
Figure 3.1.2 is a Schema diagram of Electricity Billing System which has six
tables i.e., login, customer, tax, rent, bill, and meter_info where each table contain
attributes some with primary key, foreign key. In the login table there are 6 attributes
"meter_no”, "username”, “password”, "user”, "question”, "answer”. The customer
table has 7 attributes "name”, "meter_no"(primary key), "address”, "city”, "state”,
“email”, "phone”. The rent table has 3 attributes "cost_per_unit"(primary key), "
meter_rent”, "service_charge". The tax table has 3 attributes " service_tax”,
"swacch_bharat_cess”, "gst”. The bill table has 5 attributes "meter_no"(foreign key
that references the primary key of the customer table meter_no), "month”,
"units”,"total_bill”, "status”. The meter_info table has 6 attributes
"meter_no"(foreign key that references the primary key of the customer table
meter_no), "meter_location”, "meter_type”, "phase_code”, " bill_type”, "days ".

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3.1.2 Schema Diagram

Login
meter_no Username password user question Answer

customer
Name meter_no Address City state Email phone

rent
cost_per_unit meter_rent service_rent

tax
service_tax swacch_bharat_cess gst

bill
meter_no Month units total_bill Status

meter_info
meter_no meter_location meter_type phase_code bill_type Days

FIG 3.1.2: Schema diagram of Electricity Billing System

3.2 Normalization
Normalization is a process of organizing the data in database to avoid data
redundancy, insertion anomaly, update anomaly & deletion anomaly.

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Let’s discuss about anomalies first then we will discuss normal forms with
examples. Anomalies in DBMS There are three types of anomalies that occur when
the database is not normalized. These are –Insertion, update and deletion anomaly.

3.2.1 First normal form(1NF)

As per the rule of first normal form,
 All rows must be unique (no duplicate rows).
 Each cell must only contain a single value (not a list).
 Each value should be non-divisible (can't be split down further).

Customer

name meter_no address city state email phone

3.2.2 Second normal form(2NF)

As per the rule of second normal form,
 Database must be in First Normal Form.
 Non partial dependency-All non-prime attributes should be fully functionally
dependent on the candidate key.
3.2.3 Third normal form(3NF)
As per the rule of third normal form,
 Database must be in First and Second Normal Form.
 Nontransitive dependency-All fields must only be determinable by the
primary/composite key, not by other keys.

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CHAPTER 4
IMPLIMENTATION
4.1 Implementation of operations
 Adding Customer: Here admin can add new customer to the customer list
who started using electricity bill system.
 Searching Deposit Details: Here admin can search according to meter
number and month to view deposit details.
 Viewing Details: Here admin and user can view customer details and about
details.
 Adding Tax: Here admin can add tax details.
 Updating Customer: Here customer can update his/her details by using
meter_no of the customer.
 Delete Customer: Here admin can delete details based on meter number.

4.2 Implementation of SQL statements

Insert statement:
 The INSERT INTO statement is used to insert new records in a table.
 The INSERT INTO syntax would be as follows: INSERT INTO table_name
VALUES (value1, value2, value3, ...).
 The following SQL statement insert's a new record in the “customer” table:
Insert into customer VALUES (“sai”,”12345”,” btm”,” Bangalore”,
“Karnataka”, “[email protected]”, “9876543333”).
Update statement:
 An SQL UPDATE statement changes the data of one or more records in a
table. Either all the rows can be updated, or a subset may be chosen using a
condition.
 The UPDATE syntax would be as follows: UPDATE table_name SET
column_name =value, column_name=value... [WHERE condition].
 The following SQL statement update's a new record in the “customer” table:
UPDATE TABLE customer SET email= [email protected] WHERE meter_no
=”12345”.

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Delete statement:
 The DELETE statement is used to delete existing records in a table.
 The DELETE syntax would be as follows: DELETE FROM
table_nameWHERE condition.
 The following SQL statement delete's a record in the “customer” table: delete
from customer where meter_no=12345.
Create statement:
 The CREATE TABLE Statement is used to create tables to store data.
Integrity Constraints like primary key, unique key, foreign key can be defined
for the columns while creating the table.
 The syntax would be as follows: CREATETABLE table_name
(column1datatype, column2datatype, column3 datatype, columnN datatype,
PRIMARY KEY (one or more columns)).
 The following SQL statement creates a table “customer” table: create
table customer (name varchar (30), meter_no varchar (20) primary
key, address varchar (50), city varchar (20), state varchar (30), email
varchar (30), phone varchar (30));
 The following SQL statement creates a table “login” table: create
table login (meter_no varchar (30), username varchar (30), password
varchar (30), user varchar (30), question varchar (40), answer varchar
(30));
 The following SQL statement creates a table “tax” table: create table
tax (cost_per_unit int (20) primary key, meter_rent int (20),
service_charge int (20), service_tax int (20), swacch_bharat_cess int
(20), gst int (20));
 The following SQL statement creates a table “bill” table: create table
bill (meter_no varchar (20), foreign key(meter_no) references
customer(meter_no) on delete cascade, month varchar (20), units int
(20), total_bill int (20), status varchar (40));
 The following SQL statement creates a table “meter_info” table:
create table meter_info (meter_no varchar (30), foreign key(meter_no)
references customer(meter_no) on delete cascade, meter_location
varchar (10), meter_type varchar (15), phase_code int (5), bill_type
varchar (10), days int (5));

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4.3 Algorithm or pseudocode of implementation

Explanation of Algorithm or pseudocode of system:
 Start system
 Enter login name and password
 On clicking the login button
 Connect to database
 Query database to know whether user credentials are correct
 If not, deny access and return login page with an error message
 If correct, check if credentials for administrator
 If yes, allow login
 Set admin session, re-direct administrator to admin login page
 If no, allow login set user session
 Re-direct user to user home page
Algorithm or pseudocode of admin:
Login:
 This program will allow the admin to enter the username and password.
 If the entered credentials are correct, then the login will be successful
otherwise need to be signup.
 If admin forgets password, it can be retrieved by giving username and answer
for security question.
 After successful login the admin will be redirected to admin portal page where
he/she can do following activities.
NewCustomer:
 This program will allow the admin to enter the customer details and
automatically generates unique meter number.
 If customer name, address, city, state, email and phone number is entered,
insert the values into customer
else print error
while next=true
enter the meter_info details
else print meter_info error
Submit the details of customer that has been entered by clicking onto next
button.
 If we need to cancel the particulars that has been entered click onto cancel
option.

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 If we need to submit the particulars that has been entered click onto submit
option.
CustomerDetails:
 This program will allow the admin to view customer details.
 If we need to print the particulars that has been viewed click onto print option.

DepositDetails:
 This program will allow the admin to view bill details. If we need to sort the
particulars based on meter_no and month.
 If we need to search the particulars that has been viewed click onto search
option.
 If we need to print the particulars that has been viewed click onto print option.

TaxDetails:
 This program will allow the admin to add tax details.
insert the values into tax
else print error
Submit the details of tax that has been entered by clicking onto submit button.
 If we need to cancel the particulars that has been entered click onto cancel
option.

CalculateBill:
 This program will allow the admin to calculate total_bill when units consumed
are inserted where meter_no and month is selected.
insert the values into bill
else print error
Submit the details of tax that has been entered by clicking onto submit button.
 If we need to cancel the particulars that has been entered click onto cancel
option.

DeleteBill:
 This Program will allow the admin to delete the customer info when meter_no
is selected.
 If we need to delete the particulars that has been saved click onto delete
option.
 If we need to cancel the particulars that has been entered click onto back
option.

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About:
 This program will allow the admin to view details of the project in short.
 If we need to exit the particulars that has been viewed click onto exit option.

Algorithm or pseudocode of Customer:

Login:
 This program will allow the customer to enter the username and password. If
the entered credentials are correct, then the login will be successful otherwise
need to be signup with the meter_no which is given by admin.
 If customer forgets password, it can be retrieved by giving username and
answer for security question. After successful login the customer will be
redirected to customer portal page where he/she can do following activities.
UpdateInfo1:
 This program will allow the customer to update the customer details. If
customer address, city, state, email and phone number is updated,
update the values into customer
else print error
update the details of customer that has been updated by clicking onto update
button.
 If we need to cancel the particulars that has been updated, click onto back
option.

ViewInfo:
 This program will allow the customer to view his/her own details.
 If we need to go back from the particulars that has been viewed click onto
back option.

PayBill:
 This program will allow the customer to view bill details and redirects to pay
 the bill where status will be updated.
 If we need to cancel the particulars that has been viewed click onto back
option.
 If we need to pay the bill amount that has been viewed click onto pay option.

BillDetails:
 This program will allow the customer to view bill details.
 If we need to print the particulars that has been viewed click onto print option.

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GenerateBill:
 This program will allow the customer to generate bill when meter_no and
month is selected.
 Generate the details by clicking on generatebill button.

About:
 This program will allow the customer to view details of the project in short.
 If we need to exit the particulars that has been viewed click onto exit option.

NOTE: Utility (notepad, browser, calculator),query and logout is given to both

customer and admin portals.

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CHAPTER 5
TESTING
This chapter gives the outline of all the testing methods that are carried out to
get a bug free application.

5.1 Testing process

Testing is an integral part of software development. Testing process, in a way
certifies, whether the product, that is developed, compiles with the standards, that it
was designed to. Testing process involves building of test cases, against which, the
product has to be tested. In some cases, test cases are done based on the system
requirements specified for the product/software, which is to be developed.

5.2 Testing objectives

The main objectives of testing process are as follows:
• Testing is a process of executing a program with the intent of finding an error.
• A good test case is one that has high probability of finding an as yet undiscovered
error.
• A successful test is one that uncovers an as yet undiscovered error.

5.3 Levels of Testing

Different levels of testing are used in the testing process; each level of testing
aims to test different aspects of the system. The basic levels are unit testing,
integration testing, system testing and acceptance testing.

5.3.1 Unit Testing

Unit testing focuses verification effort on the smallest unit of software
design the module. The software built, is a collection of individual modules.
In this kind of testing exact flow of control for each module was verified. With
detailed design consideration used as a guide, important control paths are
tested to uncover errors within the boundary of the module.

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Table 5.1: Negative test case for phone number insertion

Function Input Expected Error Resolved
Name Output
Input phone 98977 Phone Length of Consume ()
number number is phone
invalid number is
not equal to
10
Input phone 98977agv Phone Alphabets
number number is are being
invalid taken as _
input for
phone
number

Table 5.2: Positive test case for phone number insertion

Function Input Expected Error Resolved

Name Output
Input phone 9897778988 Expected
number output is _ _
seen

Table 5.3: Negative test case for email insertion

Function Input Expected Error Resolved
Name Output
Input email Sai1.in Email is Email is not in Consume ()
invalid a format given

Table 5.4: Positive test case for email insertion

Function Input Expected Error Resolved
Name Output
Input email [email protected] Expected
output is seen _ _

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Table 5.5: Negative test case for customer name insertion

Function Input Expected Error Resolved
Name Output
Input Sana123 Name is Numbers are Consume ()
customer invalid being taken as
name input for name

Table 5.6: Positive test case for customer name insertion

Function Input Expected Error Resolved
Name Output
Input Gowthu Expected
customer output is seen _ _
name

5.3.2 Integration testing

The second level of testing is called integration testing. In this, many
class-tested modules are combined into subsystems, which are then tested.
The goal here is to see if all the modules can be integrated properly. We have
been identified and debugged.
Table 5.7: Test case on basis of generation of bill
Function Input Expected Error Resolved
Name Output
Negative 12334(meter_no) Details seen Output not Consume ()
searching of January(month) but not seen
total_bill total_bill
Positive 12334(meter_no) Must display
searching of January(month) full generated
total_bill bill with _ _
total_bill

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Table 5.8: Test case on basis of depositedetails

Function Input Expected Error Resolved
Name Output
Negative 12334(meter_no) Details not Output not Consume ()
searching of January(month) seen seen
depositedetails

Positive 12334(meter_no) Must display

searching of January(month) depositedetails _ _
total_bill

5.3.3 System testing

Here the entire application is tested. The reference document for this
process is the requirement document, and the goal is to see IF the application
meets its requirements. Each module and component of ethereal was
thoroughly tested to remove bugs through a system testing strategy. Test cases
were generated for all possible input sequences and the output was verified
for its correctness.
Table 5.9: Test cases for the project
Steps Action Expected output
Step1 The screen appears when A page with different
choice the users run the menu’s appears.
program.
1.If admin login 1.Admin panel opens and
2.If customer login 2.Customer panel opens
Step 2 The screen appears when A window for adding
the admin logs in and new customer, inserting
selects any one of the tax, calculate bill, view
menus from the click of deposit details etc
the mouse.
Selection 1  New Customer
 Customer Details
 Deposit Details
 Calculate Bill
 Tax Details
 Delete Customer

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Step 2.1 The screen appears when A window for generating

the customer login and bill, update customer
selects any one of the details, view details,
menus from the click of generating bill
the mouse
Selection 2  Update Details
 View Details
Selection 2a  Generate Bill
Selection 2b  Pay Bill
 Bill Details

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CHAPTER 6
DISCUSSION AND SNAPSHOTS
6.1 TABLES:
The given below table is a snapshot of backend view of the localhost and the
structures of the tables present in Electricity Billing System. The tables present are
login, customer, tax, bill, meter_info.
 The login is used to store the details of login’s admin and customer with
meter_no.
 The customer is used to store details of customer.
 The tax is used to store tax values.
 The rent is used to store rent values.
 The bill is used to store details of bill of meter.
 The meter_info is used to store information of meter placed.

FIG 6.1:List of tables

Login Table:

FIG 6.2:login table description

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Customer Table:

FIG 6.3: customer table description

Tax Table:

FIG 6.4: tax table description

Rent Table:

FIG 6.5: rent table description

Bill Table:

FIG 6.6: bill table description

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Meter_Info Table:

FIG 6.7: meter_info table description

6.2 SNAPSHOTS:

FIG 6.8: Splash page of Electricity Billing System

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FIG 6.9: Login page

FIG 6.10: Signup page

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FIG 6.11: ForgotPassword page

FIG 6.12: Admin home page

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FIG 6.13: New customer page

FIG 6.14: Meter Info page

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FIG 6.15: Customer Details page

FIG 6.16: Tax Details page

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FIG 6.17: Calculate Bill page

FIG 6.18: Delete Customer page

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FIG 6.19: Customer Home page

FIG 6.20: Update customer details page

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FIG 6.21: View Customer Details page

FIG 6.22: Query page

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FIG 6.23: Pay Bill page

FIG 6.24: Paytm page

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FIG 6.25: Bill Details page

FIG 6.26: Generate Bill page

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FIG 6.27: Deposit Details page

FIG 6.28: About page

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CONCLUSION
After all the hard work is done for electricity bill management system is here.
It is a software which helps the user to work with the billing cycles, paying bills,
managing different DETAILS under which are working etc.

This software reduces the amount of manual data entry and gives greater
efficiency. The User Interface of it is very friendly and can be easily used by anyone.

It also decreases the amount of time taken to write details and other modules.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY
REFERENCES
Book Reference
Database Management Systems 3rd Edition by Raghu Ramakrishnan
(TEXTBOOK).
Websites
 http://www.github.com
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iWitVuW2D1o&t=4s
 www.stackoverflow.com
 www.google.com
 http://www.javatpoint.com/

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