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64 Chapter 3 Weight-Volume Relationships, Plasticity, and Soil Classification
Table 3.4 Classification of highway subgrade materials
General classification
Granular materials (35% or less of total sample passing No. 200)
Group classification
Sieve analysis
(percent passing)
ALb
A2
AS Ald A2S
AlT7
No. 10 50 max.
No. 40 30max, SOmax, Simin
No. 200 1Smax, 25max, 10max, 3S max, 3S max, 3S max.—_3 max.
Characteristics of
fraction passing
No. 40
Liquid limit 4omax. 4imin, 40 max. 41 min.
Plasticity index 6 max. NP 10max, 10max, min, min,
Usual types of Stone fragments, Fine Silty or clayey gravel and sand
significant
constituent
materials
gravel, and sand
sand
General subgrade
rating
Excellent to good
General classification
Silt-clay materials (more than 35% of total sample passing No. 200)
AT
ATS*
Group classification Ad AS AG ATO
Sieve analysis (percent passing)
No. 10
No. 40
No. 200 36 min. 36 min. 36 min 36 min.
Characteristics of fraction
passing No, 40
Liquid limit 40 max. Al min 40 max. 41 min
Plasticity index 10 max 10 max. 1 min. 11 min.
Usual types of significant
constituent materials
t
Silty soils Clayey soils
General subgrade rating
Fair to poor
*For A-7-5, PI= LL - 30
"For A-7-6, PI> LL - 30Chapter 3 Weight-Volume Relationships, Plasticity, and Soil Classification
68
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a SES Well-graded gravel with sand
% sand ———+ Poorly graded gravel,
—* 215% sand ——— Poorly graded gravel with sand
sand > Wel-graded gravel with st
and ‘Wellgraded pravel with stand sand
GW.GC — <15% sand ‘Wellgzaded gravel wit clay (or sly clay)
15% sand ———~ Wellgraded gravel with clay and sand (or silty lay and sand)
GP-GM 15% sand Poorly graded gravel with sit
“SS E1$e% Sand ——+ Poorly graded gravel with sit and sand
GP-GC_—<~ <15% sand —— Poy graded gravel with clay (rsily clay)
15% sand ——— Poorly graded gravel with clay and sand (or silty clay and sand)
GM———— «15%
sand ———+ Silty gravel
sand ———> Silty gravel with sand
sand ———+ Clayey gravel
sand ———* Clayey gravel with sand
15% sand Silty clayey gravel
15% sand Silty clayey gravel with sand
<15% gravel ——+ Well-graded sand
15% gravel Well-graded sand with gravel
15% gravel Poorly graded sand
2 215% gravel ——* Poorly graded sand with gravel
‘Well-graded sand with silt
eravel ‘Well-gzaded sand with silt and gravel
15% gravel Well-graded sand with clay (or silty clay)
15% gravel ———> Well-graded sand with clay and gavel (or silty clay and gravel)
SP-SM_ <> <15% gravel —— Pooriy graded sand with sit
15% gravel —— Poorly graded sand with it and grave!
SP-SC_ > <15% gravel —— Poorly graded sand with clay (or silty clay)
215% gravel Poorly graded sand with clay and gravel (or silty clay and gravel)
SM «15% gravel Silty sand
oh gravel Silty sand with gravel
gravel Clayey sand
gravel —— Clayey sand with gravel
15% gravel —— Silty clayey sand
15% gravel —— Silty clayey sand with gravel
Figure 3.21 Flowchart group names for gravelly and sandy soil (After ASTM, 2006)n
3.9. Soil Classification
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72
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