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Example 3 Chapter 3 Solving Linear and Non Linear Simultaneous Equations by Substitution

This document provides an explanation of solving simultaneous linear and non-linear equations by substitution. It gives the key steps as finding an expression for one unknown in terms of the other from one equation, substituting this into the second equation, solving for the remaining unknown, and substituting back to find the first unknown. Two examples demonstrating this process are shown, along with checking the solutions. Practice problems with answers are provided at the end.

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Lineik Blackwell
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26 views

Example 3 Chapter 3 Solving Linear and Non Linear Simultaneous Equations by Substitution

This document provides an explanation of solving simultaneous linear and non-linear equations by substitution. It gives the key steps as finding an expression for one unknown in terms of the other from one equation, substituting this into the second equation, solving for the remaining unknown, and substituting back to find the first unknown. Two examples demonstrating this process are shown, along with checking the solutions. Practice problems with answers are provided at the end.

Uploaded by

Lineik Blackwell
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Solving linear and non-linear

simultaneous equations by substitution


A LEVEL LINKS
Scheme of work: Scheme of work: 1c. Equations – quadratic/linear simultaneous

Key points
• Two equations are simultaneous when they are both true at the same time.
• Solving simultaneous equations in two unknowns involves finding the value of each unknown
which works for both equations.
• Find an expression for one of the unknowns from one of the equations.
• It’s usually easier to start with the linear equation.
• Substitute this expression in the other equation to obtain an equation with only one unknown.
• Solve this equation to obtain values for one of the unknowns.
• Substitute these values into the first equation to find values for the second unknown.
• The subsitution method is the method most commonly used for A level. This is because it is
the method used to solve linear and nno-linear simultaneous equations.

Example 1 Solve the simultaneous equations = y x2 − 4


y 2 x − 1 and =

2x −1= x2 − 4 1 Substitute 2𝑥𝑥 − 1 for y in the linear equation

x2 − 2 x − 3 =0 2 Rearrange to obtain a quadratic equation


whose RHS is zero

( x + 1)( x − 3) =
0 3 Factorize

x = −1 and x = 3 4 Find two values for x

x=−1, y =
−3 5 Substitute each of these values in turn into the
other equation to find two values for y
=x 3,=y 5

Check: 6 Substitute both values for x and y into both


Equation 1: −3 = 2 ( −1) − 1  YES equations to check your answers.

=5 2 ( 3) − 1  YES

Equation 2: −1 = ( −1) − 4 
2
YES
5 = ( 3) – 4 
2
YES

ch3ex3| Version 1 | July 2021


Example 2

4
Solve simultaneously, y= x + 1 and y = 1 +
x

4 1 Substitute x + 1 for y in the linear equation


x +1 = 1+
x

x2 + x = x + 4 2 Multiply both sides by x

x2 − 4 =0 3 Rearrange to obtain a quadratic equation


whose RHS is zero

( x − 2)( x + 2) =
0 3 Factorize

x = 2 and x = −2 4 Find two values for x

=x 2,=y 3 5 Substitute each of these values in turn into


x=−2, y =
−1 the other equation to find two values for y

Check: 6 Substitute both values for x and y into both


equations to check your answers.
Equation 1: 3= 2 + 1 YES

−1 =−2 + 1
YES

Equation 2: 3 =1 + ( 4 ÷ 2 ) YES

−1 = 1 + ( 4 ÷ ( −2 ) ) YES

ch3ex3| Version 1 | July 2021


Practice questions

Solve these simultaneous equations.

1 xy = 9 and y=x 2 x2 + y 2 =
50 and y = x

3 16 and x − 19 y =
xy − 3 = 0 4 x − 2y =
3 and ( x − 4 ) + ( y − 3)
2 2
25
=

ch3ex3| Version 1 | July 2021


Answers

1 −3, y =
x= −3 and =x 3,=y 3

2 −5, y =
x= −5 and =x 5,=y 5

3 −19, y =
x= −1 and =x 19,
= y 1

4 x = 1, y = −1 and =x 9,=y 3

ch3ex3| Version 1 | July 2021

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