Lesson 9:

Online Formats for Images and Text

File Format
•A file format is a standard way that information is
encoded for storage in a computer file.

Types of File Formatting

Image File Format
Audio File Format
Video File Format
Text Format

Image File Format

•Image Formats bring different ways to overcome the
problem of delivering an image with reduced file size
and minimum download time.
•Image file formats are standardized means of
organizing and storing digital images.

TYPES OF IMAGE FORMATS

GIF 
JPEG
PNG

GIF
•Stands for Graphic Interchange Format.
•Uses lossless compression technique.
•Supports 8 bit colors
•Supported by all browsers
•Large File Size
•Extension is .gif

JPEG
•Stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group
 •Uses lossy compression technique
•Supports 24-bit colors
•Supported by all browser
•Suitable for photographs

PNG
•Stands for Portable Network Graphics
•Suitable for text, icons etc.
•Smaller File Size as compared to GIF and JPEG
•Extension is .png

Audio File Format

•An audio file format is a file format for
storing digital audio data on a computer system.

Types of Audio File Format

• MPEG
• WAVE
• MIDI 
• WMA
• AIFF
• AAC

MPEG
 Stands for Moving Picture Experts Group
 Uses .mp3 file name extension
 Older MPEG files usually designated with an
extension of .mp2

WAVE
 Stands for Resource Interchange File Format
Waveform
 Uses .wav file name extensions

MIDI
 Stands for Musical Instrumental Digital Interface
 .mid or .midi file name extensions
 Not music being played rather description of how to
create the sound base on predefined sounds.

WMA
 Stands for Windows Media Audio
 Uses a .wma file name extensions

AIFF
 Stands for Audio Integrated File Format
 Uses .aiff file name extension
 Supports music from the highest quality 48k recording
through to lower quality recordings.

AAC
 Stands for Advanced Audio Coding
 Intended to be the successor to MP3 format, generally
has better audio quality and is the default format for
many digital audio players like iPod, iPhone, iPad,
Nintendo DS and others.
Video File Format
 Consist of two ways; Analog and Digital

Types of Video File Format

 MPEG
 MOV
 AVI
 WMV
 Real Video
 SWF

MPEG
•Stands for Motion Picture Experts Group
•MPEG files are also a common format for digital
videos and movies
•It use the filename extensions of .mpg or .mpeg
The latest MPEG version, MPEG4, uses the .mp4
filename extension

MOV
•Stands for QuickTime Movie
•The QuickTime video and movie file format was
originally developed for the Apple Macintosh
•QuickTime movies use the .mov filename 
extension.qt filename extension used as an alternative

AVI
•Stands for Audio/Video Interleave
•The AVI video and movie file format was 
originally developed by Microsoft for Windows-based
personal computers
•It uses the .avi filename extension
WMV
•Stands for Windows Media Video
•WMV file formats are propriety to Microsoft licensed
products
•Windows Media Video files use a .wmv filename
extension
•Files stored in this format are intended to be played, not
edited

SWF
•Stands for Originally ShockWave Flash, now means
Small Web Format
•SWF files use the .swf file extension
•SWF files can contain animations or applets of varying
degrees of interactivity and function
•Currently, SWF functions are the dominant format for
displaying "animated" vector graphics on the Web

Text Format
•Files in the text file format are files in which the bytes
represent the text characters of a particular character set
using a specific system to relate the binary numbers in
the file to the text characters of the set.

Types of Text File Format

• DOC/DOCX
 • RTF
• TXT
• HTML
• PDF
 • ZIP

DOC/DOCX
•Microsoft's Word (word processing) software saves
documents using the .doc filename extension
•These files contain special formatting codes that
identify how the text with look (bold, italic, color,
typeface, etc.) as well as how the page lays out (margins,
indentation, pagination, etc.)

RTF
•Stands for Rich Text Format
•RTF documents are designed to transfer documents
between word processing software
•These files use .rtf filename extensions

TXT
•TXT documents only contain text
•Any computer can read a TXT file, but don't expect it
to look pretty
•The Notepad text editor included with Windows
defaults to creating TXT documents

HTML
•Stands for HyperText Markup Language
•It use either .htm or .html filename extensions
PDF
•Stands for Portable Document Format
 •PDF files use a .pdf filename extension
•These files are created using a software package from
Adobe called Acrobat
ZIP
•ZIP files are compressed data files
•Files of ZIP format use the .zip filename extension
•A popular shareware program called WinZip
originally used this format
•ZIP files can contain several compressed files under
one filename, called an archive, when using the WinZip
software

What is an Image?
representation of the external form of a person or thing
in art.

GRAPHICS
 These are visual images or designs on some surface,
such as a wall, canvas, screen, paper, or stone to inform,
illustrate, or entertain.

LAYOUT 
It is part of graphic design that deals in the
ARRANGEMENT of visual elements on a page.

Basic Principles of Graphics and Layout

Balance 
The visual weight of objects, texture, colors, and space
is evenly distributed on the screen.

Emphasis
An area in the design that may appear different in size,
texture, shape or color to attract the viewer's attention.

Movement
 Visual elements guide the viewer's eyes around the
screen.

Pattern, Repetition, and Rhythm

 •These are the repeating visual element on an image or
layout to create unity in the layout or image. 
•Rhythm is achieved when visual elements create a
sense of organized movement.

Proportion
 Visual elements create a sense of unity where they
relate well with one another.

Variety. 
This uses several design elements to draw a viewer's
attention.

INFOGRAPHICS
•Information graphics or infographics are used to
represent information, statistical data, or knowledge in a
graphical manner usually done in a creative way to
attract the viewer's attention.

Online Image File

Formats
 1. Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) (.jpeg
or jpg)
•It does not support transparency and animation.

2. Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) 

•supports transparency and animation 

3. Portable Networks Graphics (PNG) 

•supports transparency but not in animation