HE NATIONAL ST^KniRJ&|

in thi s Coun try are based

b li a he d
ndard of the English igniage.

BOOK,

CHICAGO

r\*d States of America and-its 1 -rritoriee.

AMERICAN BOOK COMPANY,
NEW YORK •:• CINCINNATI •:• CHICAGO.

MOST POPULAR AND SUCCESSFUL SCHOOL BOOKS

OF THE DAY, AMONG WHICH AKE
Barnes's Nsw Rearers. Appi.etons' Standard Geographies,
Appleiovs' Ki.kmextaky Rzai>in« Charts. Stickney's Language Pen anb Picture
GeOOBAPFICAL ReADEK. Series.
HisioKicAi. Reader. Eclectic Revised Readebk.
SwINTon's KllfCATl'iSAL WllRKS. Raknes's History or the United States.
Ray's Aritiimktics. RobinsonV Mathematics.
Steele's Science Text-Books. Webster's School Dktsokajubb,
Spb.ncehiajj System ok Penmanship. HarknessV Latin Skisii.s.

ADDRESS AMERICAN BOOK COMPANY, Publishers,

New York, Cincinnati, Chicago^
 the cfheape£t,the be^t,
and themo£t extensively ujsed
n Spelling book ever published. #
NEW YORK •:• CINCINNATI •:• CHICAGO
AMERICAN Hiixxiiiiiiixiix i Tm
^ ROBERT M. LESTER
xxxr
pittsboro road
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
l I HHXIIIIIIITTTTXTTTTTT j
APPLETDNS' SCHOOL READERS,
By WM. HABRIS, LL.D., Sup't of School*. St. Louis, Mo.
T. ;

ANDREW J. RICKOFF, A.M.. Sup't of Instruction, Cleveland. O. ;

MARK BAILEY, A.M., Instructor ia Elocution, Yale College.

CONSISTING OF FIVE BOOKS, SUPERBLY ILLUSTRATED.
Although these books have been before the public but a short time, they
have attained an unprecedented success and popularity. During the past year
a million copies were introduced into the schools of the country. Among the
cities and- States now using them are New York, Brooklyn, Newark, Jersey
:

City, Paterson, N. J. Syracuse, N. Y. Cleveland, Ohio Wheeling, W. Va.;

; ; ;

Oakland, Cal.; Davenport, Iowa; Kansas City, .Mo.; Lawrence, Kansas;

Logansport, Ind. Racine, Wis.; and the States of Minnesota and South
;

Carolina.
Standard Supplementary Readers. Eflited by William Swinton and
George R. Cathcart. Six Numbers.

Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1837, by

EMILY W. ELLSWORTH, JULIA W. GOODRICH, ELIZA S. W. JONES,
WILLIAM G. WEBSTER, and LOUISA WEBSTER,
(surviving children of the late Noah Webster, LL.D.)
In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of Connecticut.

Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1857, by

G. & C. MERRIAM,
In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts.

Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the rear 1866, by

G. & C. MERRIAM,
Da the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts,

Copyright,
By GEORGE AND CHARLES MERRIAM,
1880.

AMERICAN BOOK COMPANY'S

Educational List embraces standard works in every depart ment
of study, and for every grade of classes from the
primary
school to the University. Correspondence from teachers, in re-

gard to educational topics or text-looTcs, will meet at all times

with a cordial welcome and a prompt response. Catalogues,

circulars, etc, mailed free to teachers icho will send us

their

P. 0. address.

AMERICAN BOOK COMPANY,

New York, Cincinnati, Chicago
 k mTi? g
J

PREFACE
of the Elementary Spelling Book, the chief
INobject
this revision
aimed at to bring its notation into a correspondence
is

with that of the recently issued Quarto Dictionary, in which a

more extended system of orthoepical marks has been adopted
for the purpose of exhibiting the nicer discriminations of
vowel sounds. A few of the Tables, however, and a few single
columns of words, are left without diacritical signs as exercises
in notation, a familiarity with which is important to all who
consult the dictionary. A little attention to the Key to the
Sounds of both teacher and pupil in
the marlced Letters will aid
this interesting exercise. As it has been found inconvenient to
insert the whole Key at the top of the page, as heretofore,
frequent reference to the full explanation of the jointed letters
on page 14 may be desirable.
In Syllabication it has been thought best not to give the
etymological division of the Quarto Dictionary, but to retain
the old mode of Dr. Webster as best calculated to teach young
scholars the true pronunciation of words.
The plan of classification here executed is extended so as to
comprehend every important variety of English words, and the
classes are so arranged, with suitable directions for the pro-
nunciation, that any pupil, who shall be master of these Ele-
mentary Tables, will find little difficulty in learning to form
and pronounce any words that properly belong to our ver-
nacular language.
The Tables intended for Exercises in Spelling and forming
words, contain the original words, with the terminations only
of their derivatives. These Tables will answer the important
purposes of teaching the manner of forming the various deriv-
atives, and the distinctions of the parts of speech, and thus:
6 PREFACE.

anticipate, in some degree, the knowledge of grammar at the ;

same time, they bring into a small compass a much greater

number of words than could be otherwise comprised in so
small a book.
The 2^ronunciation here given is that which is sanctioned
by the most general usage of educated people, both in the
United States and in England. There are a few words in both
countries whose pronunciation is not settled beyond dispute.
In cases of this kind, the Editor has leaned to regular analo-
gies as furnishing the best rule of decision.
In orthography there are some classes of words in which
usage is not uniform. No two English writers agree on this
subject and what is worse, no lexicographer is consistent with
;

himself. In this book, as in Dr. Webster's dictionaries, that

mode of spelling has been adopted which is the most simple
and best authorized. The Editor has followed the rules that
are held to be legitimate, and has rendered uniform all classes
of words falling within them. If established rules and anal-
ogies will not control the practice of writers, there is no au-
thority by which uniformity can be produced.
The reading lessons are adapted, as far as possible, to the
capacities of children, and to their gradual progress in knowl-
edge. These lessons w ill serve to substitute variety for the
T

dull monotony of spelling, show the practical use of words in

significant sentences, and thus enable the learner the better
to understand them. The consideration of diversifying the
studies of the pupil has also had its influence in the arrange-
ment of the lessons for spelling. It is useful to teach children
the signification of words, as soon as they can comprehend
them ; but the understanding can hardly keep pace with the
memory, and the minds of children may w ell be employed in
?

learning to spell and pronounce words whose signification is

not within the reach of their capacities; for what they do
not clearly comprehend at first, they will understand as their
capacities are enlarged.
The objects of a work of this kind being chiefly to teach
orthography and pronunciation, it is judged most proper to
adapt the various Tables to these specific objects, and omit_
extraneous matter. In short, this little book is so constructed
|
as to condense into the smallest compass a complete System
 : ; ; ;

PREFACE.

of Elements for teaching the language; and however small

such a book may appear, it may be considered as the most
important class-book, not of a religious character, which the
youth of our country are destined to use.
W. G. W.
New York, 1866.

PREFACE TO THE LATEST EDITION.

The modifications in this revision (of 1880) are not of a
character to embarrass those teachers who use the previous
editions in the same class. The principal changes which have
been made are
In many instances an improved form* of type ;

The substitution of living words in the place of those words

which have become obsolete
The omission of orthoepical marks where they are clearly
unnecessary, as explained below
The correction of a few errors in pronunciation, etc., etc.
The addition, at the end of the book, of four new pages of
common words difficult to spell.

The repetition of the orthoepical mark has l^een omitted as

needless in a succession of two or more words having the
same vowel letter and sound. In such cases only the first word
is marked —the marked syllable of this leading word being the
key to the corresponding unmarked syllables in the words
which follow. But whenever there is a liability to mispro-
nunciation, the right way is indicated by marking the doubt-
ful syllable.

March, 1880.
 THE ELEMENTARY

ANALYSIS OF SOUNDS
I1V THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE,
The Elementary Sounds of the English language
are divided into two classes, vowels and conso-
nants.
A vowel is a clear sound made through, an open
position of the mouth-channel, which molds or shapes
the voice without obstructing its utterance as a (in
:

far, in fate, etc.), e, o.

A consonant is a sound formed by a closer position
of the articulating organs than any position by which
a vowel is formed, as b, d, t, g, sh. In forming a con-
sonant the voice is qpmpressed or stopped.
A diphthong is the union of two simple vowel
sounds, as ou (ado) in out, oi (ai) in noise.
The English Alphabet consists of twenty-six letters,
or single characters, which represent vowel, conso-
nant, —
and diphthongal sounds a. b, c, d, e, f, g, h,
L |, 1, m, n, o, p, q, r, s, t u, v.. w, x, y, z.
k, ' The
combinations ch, sh, th, and ng are also used to repre-
sent elementary sounds; and another sound is ex-
pressed by s, or z ; as, in measure, azure, pronounced
mezh'yoor, azh'ur.
Of the foregoing letters, a, e, o, are always simple
vowels i and u are vowels (as in in, its), or diph-
;

thongs (as in time, tune) ; and y is either a vowel (as

in any), a diphthong (as in my), or a consonant (as
in ye).
Each of the vowels has its regular long and short
sounds which are most used ; and also certain occasional
sounds, as that of a in last, far, care, fall, what; e in
term, there, prey ; i in firm, marine ; o in dove, for,
wolf; prove; and u in farl, rude, and^w^. These will
now be considered separately.
A, The regular long sound of a is denoted by a hori-
zontal mark over it as, an'cient, pro-fane' ; and the
;

regular short sound by a curve over it as, cat, parVy.

;
 —
;

SPELLING BOOK
Occasional sounds. — The Italian sound is indicated
by two dots over it ; as, bar, fa'ther ;
—the short sound
of the Italian a, by. a single dot over it; as, fast, last-;
— the broad sound, by two dots below it; as, ball,
stall ;
—
the short sound of broad a, by a single dot
under it as, what, quad'rant
; the sound of a before;
—
r in certain words like care, fair, etc., is represented
by a sharp or pointed circumflex over the «, as, care,
hair, fair, etc.
E. The regular long sound of e is indicated by a
horizontal mark over it as, mete, se-rene'; the regu-
;

lar short sound, by a curve over it as, met, re-bel'. ;

Occasional sounds. —
The sound of e like a in care is
indicated by a pointed circumflex over the e, as in
their, where and of short e before r in cases where
;

it verges toward short u, by a rounded circumflex, or

wavy line, over it; as, her, pre-fer'.
I, O, IT. The regular long and short sounds of % o,
and u are indicated like those qf a and e by a hori-
zontal mark and by a curve; as, bind, bin; dole,
doll; tune, tun.
Occasional sounds. —When i has the sound of long
e it ismarked by two dots over it; as, fa-tigue', ma-
rine'; —
when o has the sound of short, u, it is marked
by a single dot over it as, dove, son when it has
;
;
—
the sound of do, it is marked with two dots under it;
as, —
move, prove; when it has the sound of do, it is
marked with a single clot under it as, wolf, wo'man ;
;

when it has the sound of broad a, this is indicated by

a pointed circumflex over the vowel as, north, sort ;

— the two letters oo, with a horizontal mark over them,

have the sound heard in the words boom, loom with ;
—
a curve mark, they have a shorter form of the same
sound as, book, good
; ; —
when u is sounded like short
00, ithas a single dot under it; as, full, pull; while
its lengthened sound, as when preceded by r f is indi-
cated by two dots as in rude, ru'ral, ru'by.
;

Note. —The
long u in unaccented syllables has, to a great
extent, the sound of oo, preceded by y, as in educate, pro-
nounced ed'yoo-kiite ; nature, pronounced nat'yoor.
10 THE ELEMENTARY
The long sound of a in late, when shortened, coincides nearly
with that of e in let ; as, adequate, disconsolate, inveterate.
The long e, when shortened, coincides nearly with the short
i in pit (compare feet and Jit). This short sound of i is that
of y unaccented, at the end of words as, in glory. ;

The short sound of broad a in holly is that of the short o in

holly, and of a in what.
The short sound of long oo in pool, is that of u in pull, and
oo in wool.
The short sound of o in not, is somewhat lengthened before
s, and M£7 ; as in cross, broth, belong.
th,
The pronunciation of the diphthongs oi and oy is the same
and uniform ; as, in join, joy.
The pronunciation of the diphthongs ou and ow is the same
and uniform ; now. But in the termination ous,
as, in sound,
ou is not a diphthong, and the pronunciation is us; as, in
pious, glorious.
A combination of two letters used to express a single sound
is called a digraph as, ea in head, or th in bath.
;

The digraphs ai and ay, in words of one syllable, and in ac-

cented syllables, have the sound of a long. In the unaccented
syllables of a few words, the sound of a is nearly or quite lost;
as, in certain, curtain. The digraphs au and aw, have the sound
of broad a (a in fall) ; ew, that of %i long, as in new ; and ey, in
unaccented syllables, that of y or i short, as in valley.
When one vowel of a digraph is marked, the other has no
sound ; as, in court, road, slow.
The digraphs ea, ee, ei, ie, when not marked, have, in this
book, the sound of e long ; as, in near, meet, seize, grieve.
The digraph oa, when unmarked, has the sound of o long.
Vowels, in words of one syllable, followed by a single con-
sonant and e final, are long as, in fate, mete, mite, note, mute,
;

unless marked, as in dove, give.

The articulations or sounds represented by the consonants
are best apprehended by placing a vowel before them in pro-
nunciation, and prolonging the second of the two elements
thus, eb, ed, ef, eg, ek, el, em, en, ep, er, es, et, ev, ez.
Those articulations which wholly stop the passage of the
breath from the mouth, are called close, or mute, as b, d, g, k,
p, t.

Those articulations which are formed either wholly or in

part by the lips, are called labials ; as, b, f, m, p, v.
Those which are formed by the tip of the tongue and the
teeth, or the gum
covering the roots of the teeth, are called
dentals; as, d, th (as in thin, this).
t,

Those which are formed by the flat surface of the tongue

and the palate, are called pdUttdU; as, g, k, ng, sh, j, y.
The letters s and z are called also sibilants, or hissing letters.
 SPELLING BOOK. H
is
W (as in we) and y (as in ye) are sometimes called semi-vowels,
being intermediate between vowels and consonants, or par-
aking of tbe nature of both.
B
and p represent one and the same position of the articu-
lating organs but p differs from o in being an utterance of the
;

breath instead of the voice.

Dand t stand for one and the same articulation, which is a
pressure of the tongue against the gum at the root of the upper
front teeth but t stands for a whispered, and d for a vocal
;

sound.
F
and v stand for one ana the same articulation, the upper
teeth placed on the under lip but/ indicates an expulsion of
;

voiceless breath ; v, of vocalized breath, or tone.

Til in thin and tli in this represent one and the same ar-
ticulation, the former with breath, the latter with voice.
S and z stand for one anc* the same articulation ; * being a
hissing or whispered sound, and z a buzzing and vocal sound.
Sh and zh have the same distinction as s and 2, whispered
and vocal ; but zh not occurring in English words, the sound
is represented by si or by other letters ; as, in fusion, osier,
azure.
and R
are cognate letters, also j and ch, the first of
each couplet being vocal, the second aspirate or uttered with
breath alone.
Ng represents a nasal sound.
Bhas one sound only, as in bite. After m, or before t, it is
generally mute; as in dumb, doubt.
C
has the sound of* before a, 0, u, I and r, as in cat, cot, cup,
dock, and crop; and of s before e, i, and y, as in cell, cit, cycle.
It may be considered as mute before k; as, in sick, thick. C,
when followed by e or i before another vowel, unites with e or
i to form the sound of sh. Thus, cetaceous, gracious, conscience,
are pronounced ce-ta'shus, gra'shus, con'shense.
Dhas its proper sound, as in day, lid ; when preceded in
the same syllable by a whispered or non-vocal consonant, it
uniformly takes the sound of t, as in hissed (hist).
F
has one sound only ; as, in life, fever, except in of, in which
it has the sound of v.
© before a, 0, and u, is a close palatal articulation as, in
;

gave, go, gun; before e, i, and y, it sometimes represents the

same articulation, but generally indicates a compound sound,
like that of j; as in gem, gin, gyves. Before n in the same syl-
lable it is silent ; as, in gnaw.
H is a mark of mere breathing
or aspiration. After r it is
silent ; in rhetoric.
as,
1 in certain words has the use of y consonant ; as, in million,
pronounced miU'yun. Before r it has a sound nearly resembling
that of short u, but more open as, in bird, flirt. ;
12 THE. ELEMENTARY
J represents a compound sound, pretty nearly equivalent to
that represented by dzh; as, in joy.
K. has one sound only ; as, in king. It is silent before n in
the same syllable as, in knave.
;

It has one sound only as, in lame, mill.

; It is silent in many
words, esi^ecially before a final consonant; as, in walk, calm,
calf, should.
M has one sound only ; as, in man, flame. . It is silent before
n in the same syllable; as, in mnemonics.
7i has one sound only as, in not, sun.
; It is silent after /
and ;mas, in kiln, hymn, solemn.
P has one sound only ; as, in pit, lap. At the beginning of
words, it is silent before n, s, and t; as, in pneumatics, psalm,
pshaw, ptarmigan.
Q, has the sound of k, but it is always followed by u, anc'
these two letters are generally gounded like kw ; as, in ques-
tion.
R sounded as in rip, trip, form, carol, mire.
is
S its proper sound, as in send, less; or the sound of z, as
has
in rose. Followed by i preceding a vowel, it unites with the
vowel in forming the sound of sh ; as in mission, pronounced
misli'un; — or of its vocal correspondent zh ; as in osier, pro-
nounced o'zher.
T has its proper sound, as in turn, at the beginning of words
and at the end of syllables. Before i, followed by another
vowel, it unites with i to form the sound of sh, as in nation,
partial, patience, pronounced na'shun, par'shal, pa'shenee. But
when s or * precedes t, this letter and the i following it pre-
serve their own sounds ; as in oastion. Christian, mixtion, pro-
nounced Mst'yun, krlst'yan, mlkst'yun. T is silent in the ter-
minations ten and tie after s; as in fasten, gristle; also in the
words often, chestnut, Christmas, etc.
V has one sound only ; as, in voice, live, and is never silent
W before r in the same syllable is silent, as in wring, wrong.
In most words beginning with wh, the h precedes the w in
utterance, that is, wh is simply an aspirated w ; thus when is
pronounced hwen. But if o follows this combination, the w
is silent, as in ivhole, pronounced hole.
X represents ks, as in wax; but it is sometimes pronounced
like gz; as, in exact. At the beginning of words, it is pro-
nounced like z ; as, in Xenophon.
Z has its proper sound, which is that of the vocal s; as, in
maze.
CU has very nearly the sound oftsh; as, in church: or the
sound of k ; as, in character : or of sh, as in machine.
Oh is mute in every English word, both in the middle and
at the end of words, except in the following cough, chough, :

dough, enough, laugh, rough, slough, tough, trough, in which it

 SPELLING BOOK, 13

has the sound of/; hough, lough, shough, in which it has the
sound of h; and hiccough, in which it has the sound of p. At
the beginning of a word, it is pronounced like g hard ; as in
ghastly, ghost, gherkin, etc. ; hence this combination may be
said not to have a proper or regular sound in any English
word.
Fh has the sound of/, as in philosophy ; except in Stephen,
pronounced Ste'vn.
Sh has one sound only ; as, in shall.
Th has two sounds; whispered, as in think, loth; and
vocal, as in thou, this. When vocal, the th is marked thus,
(fh), as in fhou.
Sc has the sound of sic, before a, o, u, and r ; as, in scale,
%coff, sculpture, scroll; and the sound of s alone before e, i. and
y ; as, in scene, scepter, science, Scythian,

ACCENT,
Accent is a forcible stress or effort of voice on a syllable,
distinguishing it from others in the same word, by a greater
distinctness of sound.
The accented syllable is designated by the mark (').
The general principle by which accent is regulated, is, that
the stress of voice falls on that syllable of a word, which ren-
ders the articulations most easy to the speaker, and most agree-
able to the hearer. By this rule has the accent of most words
been imperceptibly established by a long and universal con-
sent.
When a word consists of three or more syllables, ease of
speaking requires usually a secondary accent, of less forcible
utterance than the primary, but clearly distinguishable from
the pronunciation of unaccented syllables as in su'perjlu'ity, ;

IWera'ry,

KEY TO THE PRONUNCIATION.

VOWELS
Regular Long and Short Sounds,
Long. —
a, as in fame : e. as in mete ; % as hi fine ; 6,
as in note / 11, as in mute : y> as in fly
—
Short. a, as in fat; e, as in met: % as in fin : 6. as
in not ; tr3 as in hut; y\ as in nvmvh
See over.
WM .~J_.H I P H BW.IO... — - -T^t .jm
i _ll._ l
_ l»— ——————
 KEY TO THE PRONUNCIATION—Continued.
VOWELS.—Occasional Sounds.
EXAMPLES.
a, as in care, «, . air, share, pair, bear,
a Italian, as in . . father, far, balm, path,
a, as in last, .. . ask, grass, dance, branch,
a, broad, as in all, . call, talk, haul, swarm,
a, as in what (like short o) wan, wanton, wallow,
e like d, as in . . there, heir, wh6re, ere.
e, as in term, . . grmine, verge, prefer,
e like long a, as in prey, they, eight,
i like long e, as in . pique, machine, mien.
1, as in bird, . . . firm, virgin, dirt,
6 like short u, as in dove, son, done, won.
o like long oo, as in prove, dp, move, tomb,
o like short oo, as in bosom, wolf, woman,
6 like broad a, as in order, form, stork,
oo (long oo), as in . moon, food, booty,
66 (short oo), as in . foot,book, wool, good,
u long, preceded by r, as in rude, rumor, rural,
u like oo, as in . . . . put, push, pull, full,
e, i, o (italic) are silent . token, cousm, mason,
Regular Diphthongal Sounds.
oi,or oy (unmarked), as in . oil, join, toy.
ou, or ow (unmarked), as in out, owl, vowel
CONSONANTS.
g soft, like s sharp, as in cede, mergy.
e hard, like k, as in . . . call, concur,
ch (unmarked), as in . . child, choose, much
gh soft, like sh, as in . „ . machine, ghaise.
eh hard, like k, as in . . . ehorus, epoch,
g hard, as in . . . „ get, begin, foggy,
g soft, like/, as in . , . . gentle, ginger, elegy,
s sharp (unmarked), as in . same, gas, dense,
§ soft, or vocal, like z, as in . has, amuse, prispn £
th sharp (unmarked), as in . thing, path, truth,
f h flat, or vocal, as in f hine, their, wit here
ng (unmarked), as in . sing, single,
n (much like ng), as in linger, link, uncle,
£, like gz, as in . . e^ist, auxiliary.
ph (unmarked), like /, as in sylph, qu (unmarked), like lew, as in queen,
wh (unmarked), like hw, as in what, when, awhile.
 SPELLING BOOK. 15

THE ALPHABET.
tlOMA^ pTTERS. ITALIC. NAMES OF LETTERS.
a A a A a
b B b B be
c C c G ce
d D d D de
e E e E e
f F f F ef
g G g ff
h H h H aytch
i I i I i

J J 3 J
k K k K ka
1 L I L el
m M m M em
n N n N en
o
P P p P pe
q Q q Q cu
r R r R ar
s S s S es
t T t T te
u U u U u
V V v V ve
w w io W double u
X X x X eks
-
y Y y y wi
z Z z Z ze
&* &* and

D OUBLE LETTER s.
ff, ffl, fi, fl, ffi, ae, oe.

4*
This is not a letter, but a character standing for and.
 16 THE ELEMENTARY
OLD ENGLISH.

SCRIPT.

of f ^ g£ qA Stf
c
&
& L# M & g?'W
a, & c a e / a w t, z fc / m, 71 o fi

d £ tc v- i& co n

tsJt.S -4 '& # / & if'-Q

No. 1. —I.
]>a be bi bo bu *>y
-ea ce eo €11 9y
da de di do du dj
fa fe fi fo fu fy
ga ge gi go gu gy
1
 SPELLING. BOOK. 17

go on. by me. it is. is he?

go in. we go. to me. he is.

go tip. to us. to be. I am.

an ox. do go. on it. on us.

No. 2.- -II.

ha he hi ho hu ty
ja Je J 1 jo ju jy
ka ke ki ko ku ky
la le li lo lu ly
ma me mi mo mu my
na ne ni no nu ny
is he in? do go on. is it on ?
he is in. I do go on. it is on
is he up? is it so ? is it in ?
he is up. it is sc >. it is in.

No. 3.— III.

pa pe P. 1 po pu py
ra re ri ro ru ry
sa se si so su sy
ta te ti to tu ty
va ve vi vo vu yy
wa we wi wo wu wy
is he to go ? is it by us? we go to it.

he is to go. it is by us. he is by me.

am I to go? if he is in. so he is up.
I am to go. go up to it. so I am up.

No. 4.--IV.
ab eb ib 6b ub
ae ee ie oe U€
ad ,ed id od ud
af ef if of uf
ag eg % °g Ug
—— —— M.iii.11 ! „ **» m hi ill-— —— m
18 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, CARE, FALL, WHAT; IIRR, PP.KT, TilLRE ; GET; BIF.I), MARINR; LINK J

am I to go in ? so he is to go up.
Iam to go in. he to be by me ?
is
is he to go in ? he is to be by me.
he is to go in. I am to be by it.
No. 5.—V.
aj *j ij

ak ek ik ok uk
al el ii ol ul
am em im om um
an en in on un
ap ep ip op up
No. et— VI.
ar er ir or ur
as m
es is 6s us
at et it ot ut
av ev iv ov uv
ax ex ix ox ux
az ez iz oz uz
ishe to do so by me? it is to be by me.

he is to do so by me. by me it is to be.
so I am to be in. I am to be as he is.
he is to go up by it he is to be as I am.
No. 7.—VII.
bla ble bll bio blu bly
«la e\e €li €lo €lu ely
fla fie fli flo flu fly
gla gle gli glo gla gly
pla pie pii j3lo plu ply
sla sle sli sio slu sly
BTo. 8.—VIII.
bra bre brl bro bru bry
era ere -eri -ero eru ery
dra dre dfi dro dru dry.
 SPELLING BOOK. 19
1 MOVE, SOX", WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OB ; ETTLE, pull ; E jist ; e=K;d=j;a= =z; Cd=sh.

. fra fre fri fro fru fry

gra gre gri gro grii gry
No. 9. —IX.
pra pre prl pro PrU P^y
tra tre •
tri tro tru try
wra wre wri wro wru wry
cha ehe chi cho chti chy
sha she shi sho shu shy
ska ske ski sko sku sky

She fed the old hen. She put her hat on the
The hen was fed by her. bed.
See how the hen can Did you get my hat?
run. I did not get the hat.
I met him in the lot. My hat is on the peg. 5

IThe cow was in the lot. She may go and get my

See how hot
the sun is. hat.
It ishot to-day. I will go and see the
See the dog run to me. man.
She has a new hat. He sits on a tin box.
No. 10.— X.
pha phe phi pho phti pky
qua que qui quo quy qu
spa spe spi spo spu spy
sta ste sti sto stu sty
sea see sci seo S€U sey
swa swe swi swo swu swy
No. 11 .—XI.
spla sple spli splo splu sply
spra spre spri spro spru spry
stra stre stri stro stru stry
shra shre shri shro shru shry
20 THE ELEMENTARY
Bab, lAst, €are, fall, what: her, prey, there get;
; bTrd, marine; li$x;

sera sere sen sero seru sery

scla sele seli selo selu sely

No. 12.— XII.

eab fib hob cub sap lad bid god
dab jib job dub rip mad hid hod
nab nib lob sub nip pad did sod
tab rib mob hub sop sad lid nod
neb bob rob rub bad led rid odd
web eob sob tub gad red kid pod
bib fob bub lap had wed mid rod
A new cap. I hid it in the box.
A cob- web. Put on his new bib.
He has got a new tub. Do not go to the tub.
He is not a bad boy. She can rub off the dust.
The lad had a new pen. She put my cap in the tub.
He saw a mad dog. He had a new red cap.
She led him to bed. I can do as I am bid.
No. 13.—XIII. j

log €ud fag tag pig dug pug kam

dog mud hag rag fig hug rug lam
bog bag jag wag rig jug dam jam
bud eag lag leg wig tug ham ram
rud sag nag keg bug mug jam yam
She has a new bag for Do not let a bug get on
me. the bed.
I can tag the boy. I put the mug in my
A big dog can run. new tin box.
He has fed the pig. I can rub the ink off my
The man can put on his pen on a rag.
wig. He may put the red jug
My nag can run in the lot. in my new tin box.
 SPELLING BOOK. 21
MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OE J
BTTLE, PULL ; EJI8T J
€=K G=J }=Z £H— SH.
J ; J

No. 14. -XIV,

hem gum dan ren men fin win gun
gem hum fan ben pen hin eon pun
dim mum man den ten kin don run
him rum pan fen wen pin bun sun
rim sum ran hen bin sin dun tun
diim ban tan ken din tin fun nun
No. 15, —XV,
hap gap pip mop far fat vat net
rap dip sip top tar rat bet wet
map hip kip pop jar hat jet pet
lap rip nip sop mar mat get set
pap tip fop lop par sat let yet
tap lip hop bar bat pat met ha§
No. 16.- -XVI.
bit pit jot got nut vex fox can
git . sit lot wot rut fix wad cap
fit wit not but lax mix wan eat
lit bot pat eut tax pix war sap
mit eot rot hut wax six wa§ gin
nit dot sot jut sex box wat chit
Ann can hem my cap. It is in my lap.
She has a new fan. I will get a new napi

He hid in his den. A bat can %•

The pig is in his pen. A cat can eat a rat.
I see ten men. I met the boy.
He had a gun* He sat on my box.
i

I saw him run. Now the sun is set.

The map is wet Imet six men to-day
She will sit by me. Ten men sat by me,
He has cut my pen, I put the pin on my tin
Ihad a nut to eat. box.
Can you get my hat ? Let him get the wax.
22 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, «ALE, FALL, WHAT; DEB, PEgT, THEEE ; UET \ ElED, MARINE; LTWK ; |

No. 17.—XVII,
babe hide mode ace bice sage lake
sade ride lode dace dice gage take
fade side node face lice page make 1

jade tide rode lace mice rage rake

lade wide lobe pace nice sage sake
made ode robe race rice doge hake
wade bode sube mace vice huge wake i

bide sode tube ice age bake sake

No. 18.—XVIII
dike yoke dale mile dole same
like duke male nile hole dame
pike Luke hale pile mole fame
tike fluke pale tile pole game
soke ale sale vile sole lame
joke bale tale wile tole name
poke sale bile bole mule same
woke gale file sole rule tame
No. ia—xix
ape ripe mope ore more wove
sape wipe hope bore sore gaze
tape type rope sore tore haze
nape sope mere fore yore maze
rape pope here gore sove raze
pipe lope sere lore rove sraze
No. 20—XX
sure kine lane ate bite dose
lure nine mane date gite bone
pure pine pane gate kite sone
dine sine sane Site mite zone
fine wine sane hate rite hone
line vine wane late site tone
mine bane base mate dive June
 SPELLING BOOK. 23
MOVE, SOX, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, 6* ;
l.rLE, PCXL J EXIST ; €=k; g=j; i ,=z; (JH=8II.

tine vane ease pate hive tune

fane vase rate rive fume sane
No. 21. —XXI.
torn alps camp imp biimp rump
worn scalp lamp gimp dump crump
sworn help clamp limp chump pump
urn kelp ramp pimp jump trump
burn yelp cranip crimp lump carp
churn gulp stamp shrimp -elump scarp
spurn pulp vamp pomp plump harp
turn damp hemp romp mump sharp
No. 22.- -XXII.
asp crisp ehops pict raft weft
sjasp wisp act strict craft gift
hasp dreg§ fast duet draft shift
clasp tongs. pact aft graft lift
rasp lungs tact baft waft rift
sjrasp lens tract haft heft drift
lisp gulf sect shaft left sift

No. 23.- -XXIII

6ft pelt Colt ant pent dint
[oft welt dolt chant cent lint
soft gilt jolt grant spent flint
tuft hilt hold slant rent splint
belt milt cant pant sent t
mint
felt spilt scant bent tent print
melt tilt plant dent vent tint
smelt bolt rant lent went stint
No. 24.- -XXIV.
Orunt wept smart snort last zest
sjrunt swept part sort blast hest j

runt art tart tort mast chest

|
24 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, CARE, TALL, WHAT; BBB, FRET, TIl£p.E ; GET*, B1BD, MARINE; Llfc'K

apt cart start hurt past jest

chapt dart pert shirt vast* lest
kept hart vert flirt didst blest
slept chart wert cast midst nest
crept mart short fast best pest
No. 25.— XXV.
rest . quest mist cost thirst lust
crest west grist first bust must
drest zest wrist burst dust rust
test fist wist curst gust erust
vest list lost durst just trust
Fire will burn wood and coal.
Coal and wood will make a fire.
The world turns round in a day.
Will you help me pin my frock ?
Do not sit on the damp ground.
We burn oil in tin and glass lamps.
The lame man limps on his lame leg.
We make ropes of hemp and flax.
A rude girl will romp in the street.
The good girl may jump the rope.
A duck is a plump fowl.
The horse drinks at the pump.
A pin has a sharp point.
We take up a brand of fire with the tongs.
Good boys and girls will act well.
How can you test the speed of your horse ?
He came in haste, and left his book.
Men grind corn and sift the meal.
We love just and wise men.
The wind will drive the dust in our eyes.
Bad boys love to rob the nests of birds.
Let us rest on the bed, and sleep, if we can.
Tin and brass will rust when the air is damp.
 SPELLING BOOK. 25
MOVE, BON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OB J
KT7LE, PCLL ; EXIST J
€=K 6=J 6=Z
J J J CH=8n.

No. 26.— XXVI.

WOKDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE PERST.

ba/ ker tro ver so lar wo ful pa pal"

sha dy clo ver po lar po em co pal
la dy do nor A hi nar * fo rum vi al
tl dy va por so ber Sa tan pe nal
ho ly fa vor pa 9er fu el ve nal
li my flavor ra 9er du el fi nal
sli my sa vor gro $er cru el 6 ral
bo ny ha lo gi der - gru el ho ral
po ny so lo spi der pu pil mu ral
po ker he ro wa fer la bel na gal
tl ler ne gro €a per li bel fa tal
ea per ty ro * ti ger lo -eal na tal
pa per out go ma ker fo eal ru ral
ta per sa go ta ker vo eal vi tal
vi per tu lip ra ker le gal to tal
bi ter ce dar . se ton * re gal o val
fever 4 "
bri er - ru in di al pli ant
6 ver fri ar - hy men -tri al gi ant

Bakers bake bread and cakes.

I like to play in the shady grove.
Some fishes are very bony.
I love the young lady that shows me how to read.
A pony is a very little horse.
We poke the fire with the poker.
The best paper is made of linen rags.
Vipers are bad snakes, and they bite men.
An ox loves to eat clover.
The very pretty, growing in the garden.
tulip is
A dial shows the hour of the day.
Cedar trees grow in the woods.
The blackberry grows on a brier.
 26 THE ELEMENTARY
Bin, lAsi , i'AKE, FALL, what; ni~n, rK£.Y, THKP.E", get; bTbk, marTne; link;

Cider is made
of apples.
!
A and eat a man.
tiffer will kill
A raker can rake hay.
A vial is a little bottle.
A giant is a very stout, tall man.
The Holy Bible is the book of God.
No. 27.--XXVII
scab crib grub bled plod stag
stab drib shrub bred trod scrag
blab squib stub sped scud snag
slab chub shad shred stud drag
crab club clad shed slug swag
drab snub glad sled brag- flag
glib scrub brad shod crag sham
snib drub fled clod shag cram
No. 28.- -XXVIII.
clam prim sean spin trap slip
dram trim clan grin scrap grip
slam swim plan twin strap scrip
swam from span chap chip drip
stem scum bran clap ship trip
skim plum glen flap skip strip
brim grum chin slap clip frit
grim drum skin snap flip split

No. 29. —XXIX

ch6p char flat slit blot slut
shop spar plat smit clot smut
slop star spat spit plot glut
crop stir < brat split spot strut
stop blur fret grit grot flax
prop slur whet scot trot flux
I scar spur tret shot shut floss
 SPELLING BOOK. 27
MOVE, SON', WQLF, FOOT, HOON, OB
1 ; ET7LE, PULL EXIST J € = K &=J s=z; CH=SIL
J J J

Ann can spin not drink a

flax. He must
A shad can swim. dram.
He was glad to see me. He set a trap for a rat.
The boy can ride on a Ships go to sea.
i

sled. The boy can c bop.

A plum will hang by a The man shot a ball.
stem I. I saw her skim the milk
The boy had i drum. in a pan.
i

No. 30. -XXX.

bulb bold band brand wend fond
barb cold hand end blend pond
garb gold land bend bind fund
Aerb ,, fold rand fend find bard
verb hold bland lend hind card
curb mold grand mend kind hard
child sold gland rend mind lard
mild told sand send rind pard
wild scold stand tend wind scarf
old and strand vend bond bird .

No. 31.- -XXXI.

herd surf such lanch bunch latch
curd scurf filch blanch hunch match
surd rich milch branch lunch patch
turf much patch stanch punch snatch
arch pouch crotch ditch switch crutch
march crouch botch hitch twitch Dutch
starch torch blotch pitch sketch plush
harsh church itch stitch stretch flush
marsh lurch bitch witch clutch crush

To filch is> to steal. We must not filch.

A bird sits on a branch to sing.
28 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, CARE, fall, -what; iiEr, prey, there; Set; bTbd, makTxe; lijjk ;

No. 32.--XXXII.
WORDS OP TWO SYLLABLES ACCENTED ON THE SECOND.
,

7
a base re claim' un say' ben zoin'
de base pro claim as say a void
in ease dis claim a way a droit
a bate ex claim o bey ex ploit
de bate de mean con vey de coy
se date „ be moan pur vey en joy
ere ate re tain sur vey al loy
ob late re main defy em ploy
re late en gross affy an noy
in flate dis creet de ny de stroy
col late al lay de cry con voy
trans late de lay re boil es pou§e
mis state re lay de spoil ca rouge
re plete in lay em broil de vour
com plete mis lay re coil re dound
se crete dis play sub join de vout
re cite de cay ad join a mount
in 9ite dis may re join sur mount
po lite de fray en join dis mount
ig nite ar ray con join re count
re deem be tray dis join re nown
es teem por tray mis join en dow
de claim a stray pur loin a vow
Strong drink will debase a man.
Hard shells incase clams and oyst<3rs.
Men inflate balloons with gas, which is lighter
than common air.
Teachers like to see their pupils polite to each
other.
Idle men often delay till to-morrow things
that should be done to-day.
 SPELLING BOOK. 29
move, 6ox, wqu, foot, mook, ob BrLE, pcll exist
; ; ; €=k s=j b=z
; ; ;
<}a=sa.

Good men obey the laws of God.

I love to survey the starry heavens.
Careless girls mislay their things.
The fowler decoys the birds into his net.
Cats devour rats and mice.
The adroit rope dancer can leap and jump and
perform as many exploits as a monkey.
Wise men employ their time in doing good to
all around them.
In the time of war, merchant vessels sometimes
have a convoy of ships of war.
Kings are men of high renown,
Who fight and strive, to wear a crown.
God created the heavens and the earth in six
days, and all that was made was very good.
To purloin is to steal.
No. 33.—XXXIII.
deed breed glee steel green sleek
feed seed free deem seen meek
heed weed tree seem teen reek
bleed bee eel teem steen ereek
meed fee feel sheen queen Greek
need see heel keen ween seek
speed lee peel spleen leek week
reed flee reel screen cheek beef
No. 34.- -XXXI? r

deep weep leer lees. meet brood

sheep sweep fleer bees. greet geese
keep beer sneer beet street fleece
sleep deer peer feet sweet sleeve
peep cheer seer sheet food reeve
ereep sheer steer fleet mood breeze
steep jeer queer sleet rood freeze
30 THE ELEMENTARY
bab, last «ARH, FALL, WHAT: HER, PERT, TIIEEE; get; bTrd, marine; link;

No. 35.- -XXXV

boom groom lob troop bdbge rook
eoom boon €00 stoop chooge brook
doom loon two swoop noo§e crook
loom moon coop boor cook took
bloom noon seoop moor hook wool
gloom spoon loop poor look wood
room soon sloop loose stdbk good
broom swoon droop goose nook stood
fool spool boot root proof son
pool stool COOt roof blood won
tool roost moot woof flood ton

Plants grow in the ground from seeds.

The man cuts down trees with his ax.
Eels swim in the brook.
Sharp tools are made of steel.
The sun seems to rise and set each day.
The ax has a keen edge and cuts well.
In the spring the grass looks green and fresh.
I have seen the full moon.
A king and queen may wear crowns of gold.
I will kiss the babe on his cheek.
We go to church on the first day of the week.
The man put a curb round our deep well.
Wool makes the sheep warm.
Men keep their pigs in pens.
We lie down and sleep in beds.
The new broom sweeps clean.
The wild deer runs in the woods.
The red beet is good to eat.
If I meet him in the street, I will greet him with
a kind look, and show him my new book.
 SPELLING BOOK. 31
MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OP. ; F»rLF., TULL EXIST
; ; €=K 0=J
; ; 6=Z ; CH = BE.

No. 36.—XXXVI.
back pack quack quick rick wick
hack rack beck chick brick clock
jack crack deck click crick lock
lack track check kick trick block
black sack neck lick sick hock •

slack tack peck nick tick shock

smack stack speck pick stick flock

No. 37.-XXXVII.
pock chuck stuck bulk clank prank
rock luck elk hulk flank tank
brock cluck welk skulk plank ink
crock pluck yelk bank slank link
frock muck ilk dank rank blink
mock truck bilk hank crank clink
sock struck silk shank . drank slink
buck suck milk lank frank sink
duck tuck kilt blank shrank brink

No. 38.— XXXVIII.

prink drunk mark irk ask disk
shrink trunk park dirk bask risk
mink sunk spark kirk cask brisk
wink slunk stark quirk hask frisk
drink ark jerk cork flask busk
pink lark clerk fork mask dusk
spunk dark perk stork task husk
junk hark smirk lurk desk boss
skunk shark shirk Turk whisk tuft

The smell of the pink- is sweet.

I can playwhen my task is done.
32 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €ABE, FALL, WHAT; HEB, PBEY, THERE get;
J bird, marine; link:

No. 39.--XXXIX.
busk snarl churl barm barn born
musk twirl purl farm tarn corn
rusk whirl elm harm yarn scorn
tusk curl helm charm kern^. morn
dusk furl film sperm fern lorn
marl hurl arm term stern horn
No. 40.— XL.
gaff scoff puff call wall quell
staff doff ruff fail thrall well
quaff buff stuff gall small dwell
skiff cuff add hall Bquall swell
cliff huff odd mall smell ill

tiff luff egg pall spell bill

stiff bluff all tall sell quill
off muff ball stall teU ebb
No. 41 .—XII.
gill kill still roll dull inn
gill skill quill scroll gull ^bin
hill shrill squill droll hull wren
mill spill will troll skull m burr
rill triU swill stroll lull purr
drill sill boll toll mull bush
frill fill poll cull trull push
No. 42. —XLII.
ass trass gwess-* kiss moss truss
bass brass less bliss cross bust
lass grass bless miss dross .bur
glass cess ~ mess Swiss cost bull
class dress cress boss buss full
mass press chess loss fuss puss
pass stress tress gloss muss hurt
 SPELLING BOOK. 33
MOTE, 60N, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OB J BT7LE, PULL ; EXIST ; €=K ; G=J ; 8 =Z ; CU=BU.

No. 43.—XLIII.
SINGULAR; PLURAL. SINGULAR. PLURAL. SINGULAR, PLURAL.
stave staves egg eggs, quill quills,
cliff eliffs hall halls, poll polls,
mill mills, wall walls. * skull , skulls.
pill pills, bill bills. inn inns.
ball balls sill sill§ bell bells.

A skiff is a small row-boat.

A cliff is a high steep rock,
Leave off your bad tricks.
A tarn is a small lake among the mountains,
A ship has a tall mast.
I like to see a good stone wall round a farm.
A pear-tree grows from the seed of a pear.
A good boy will try to spell and read welL
Do not lose or sell your books.
A good son will help his father,
I dwell in a new brick house.
If you boil dry beans and peas they will swell.
A duck has a wide flat bill.
One quart of milk will fill two pint cups,
One pint cup will hold four gills.
I saw a rill run down the hill,

A brook will turn a mill.

A bull has a stiff neck.
The frost will kill the leaves on the trees.
^Vhen the cock crows, he makes a shrill loud
noise.
A. cat will kill and and mice.
eat rats
Bogs feed on and corn.
swill
tFhe skull is the bony case that encloses the brain.
Puss likes to sit on your lap and purr.
A gull is a large sea fowl that feeds on fish.
ome sea bass are as large as shad.
1
34 THE ELEMENTARY
Wgjrjjjih rngY, there; get; birp, marine; link;
~tf^~U^, care, f,vll,

Brass is of zinc and copper.

made
The rain will the grass grow.
make
You must keep your dress neat and clean.
The moon is much smaller than the sun,
get a mess of peas for dinner.
I will try to
Let me go and kiss that sweet young babe-
Moss grows on trees in the woods.
will run of
Fire will melt ores, and the metal
and. leave the dross,
God will bless those who do his will

No, 44.—XLIV.
WORDS OB TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE
FIRST

pot' ash pitch' er ban/ dy

ban' quet
gus set 'ffl lip butch er €an dy
rus set gos sip iish er hand y
bish op witch eraft stur dy
cos set
gal lop tan gent stud y
cJLSLSJ*
shal lop pun gent lack ey
ri v et
trol lop co gent jock ey
vel vet
hab it * tur gid n ur gent mon key
beg gar tal ent turn key
rab bit • ,

or bit vul gar frag ment med ley

eom fit eel lar « seg ment al ley

prof it pil lar fig ment gal ley

Inn it eol lar pig ment val ley

sum. mil; dol lar par rot vol ley

v5m it pop lar piv ot pul ley
her mit * gram mar- bal lot bar ley
arm pit nee tar mar mot pars ley
mer it tar tar ram part mot ley
spir it mor tar mod est kid ney
€ul prit jab ber tern pest don key
vis. it rob ber for est chim ne
 SPELLING BOOK. 35
mot;;, sox, wolf, foot, moon, ob ; ktxe, pull ; exist ; €=k g=j s=z
; ; ; <jn=sn.

Iran' sit * Hit/ ber in' quest hon' ey

can to blub ber con quest mon ey
shiv er am ber bar vest jour ney v

sil ver mem ber in most cum frey

cov er -» lim ber lit most lam prey
phur-
su.1 tim ber lin post jer sey
mur mur urn ber ches£ nut ker gey..
niuf fler eum ber con test eler gy
sam pier lum ber jack daw tan §y
mel on num ber mil dew, ral ly
ser mon bar ber cur few^ sal ly
drag on raer cer <* ed dy tally
eon pon * won der giddy jel ly
grand son yon der mud dy sil ly
lack er rud dy folly
grot to char ger gen try J
olly
kid nap trench er sul try only
Cotton velvet is very soft to the feel.
Rabbits have large ears and eyes, that they
may hear quick, and see well in the dark.
We like to have our friends visit us.
Visitors should not make their visits too long.
Silver spoons are not apt to rust.
Beggars will beg rather than work.
Cents are made of copper, and dollars, of silver.
One hundred cents are worth a dollar.
A dollar is worth a hundred cents..
Dollars are our largest silver coins.
Silver and copper ores are dug out of the
ground, and melted in a very hot fire.
A mercer is one who deals in silks and woolen
cloths.
A grotto is a cavern or cave.
36 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €AEE, FALL, WHAT; HEE, PKEY, Til EKE J
GET; BIED, MAEIXE ; LINK:

No. 45, -XLV

badge sledge budge swinge gorge parse
fadge wedge judge twinge urge ^ erse
edge midge grudge -lounge gurge terse
hedge ridge hinge plunge purge verse
ledge bridge cringe „serge surge corse
pledge lodge fringe verge germ gorse
fledge podge Binge dirge >€opse . morse
No 46,— XL VI
house rich quench munch ketch
louse belch stench gulch retch
mouse birch 4 wench batch flitch
souse j
bench inch hatch notch
curse blench clinch catch potch
purse drench finch snatch hutch
parch French flinch scratch -sylph
perch tench pinch etch ~ lymph
scorch trench winch fetch ^ nymph
The razor has a sharp edge,
A ledge is a ridge of rocks.
The farmer splits rails with a wedge,
A judge must not be a bad man
Doors are hung on hinges.
Birch wood will make a hot fire.

If you go too near a hot may singe or

fire it
scorch your frock.
The troops march to the sound of the drum.
Six boys can sit on one long bench.
The birds fly from branch to branch on the
trees and clinch their claws fast to the limbs.
The first joint of a man's thumb is one inch
long.
I wish I had a bunch of sweet grapes.
 SPELLING BOOK. 37
MOVE, SOX, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OK J
ETTLE, PCLL EXIST
; j
=k; g=j; s=z; cu—sk.

A cat can catch rats and mice ; and a trap will

catch a fox.
A hen will sit on a nest of eggs and hatch
chickens.
The latch holds the door shut.
We can light the lamp with a match.
Never snatch a book from any one.
A cross cat will scratch with her sharp nails.
No. 47.— XL VII.
ri§e clos_e iige gmde .„ (
t7*yme
wi§e nos_e fu§e guile shrine
gm$e * rose mu§e quite sphere
choose prog e phrase quote grime
The sun will set at the close of the day.
Good boys will use their books with care.
A man can guide a horse with a bridle.
The earth is not quite round. It is not so long
from north to south as it is from east to west,
A sphere is a round body or globe.
In the nose are the organs of smell.
We love to hear a chime of bells.
A shrine is a case or box a hallowed place. ;

A. great heat will fuse tin.

His prose is written in a good style.
A phrase is a short form of speech, or a part
of a sentence.
No. 48.— XL VI 1 1,
void spoil point noi§e hoist pound
oil broil coin poi§e joist round
boil soil loin coif moist ground
coil toil join quoif bound sound
foil oint groin quoit found wound
roil joint quoin foist hound mound
38 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, «AEE, TALL, WHAT; HEE, PEEY, TUKEE ; GET", ElttD, ilAEINE J LI7JK [

No. 49.- XLIX

loud trout pouch flour mount clout
proud chouse foul- sour out flout
cloud grouse- owl count bout snout
shroud spou§e €Owl fount scout pout
ounge rouge prowl fowl gout spout
bouii9e< 'brow§e scowl howl shout sprout
flounce touse stout growl lout choige
pouii9e crown brown rout our voice
grout frown clown couch scour poi§e
crout town gown slouch hour *. noige
We can burn fish oil in lamps,
We boil beets with meat in a pot.
Pears are choice fruit
When you can choose for yourself, try to make
a good choice
The cat and mouse live in the house.
The owl has large eyes and can see in the night.
One hand of a watch goes round once in an
hour.
Wheat flour will make good bread
Limes are sour fruit
A hog has a long snout to root up the ground.
A trout is a good fish to eat,
An ox is a stout, tame beast.
Fowls have wings to fly in the air
Wolves howl in the woods in the night
A dog will growl and bark
The cold frost turns the leaves ot the trees
brown, and makes them fall to the ground.
Rain will make the ground moist.
You can broil a beefsteak over the coals of fire.
We move our limbs at the joints*
 SPELLING BOOK. 39
MOVE, SOX, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; ETTLE, PULL EXIST € = K G=J §=Z
; ; J ;
0II = SII.

Land that has a rich soil will bear large crops

of grain and grass.
A pin has a head and a point.
A. dime is a small coin worth ten cents,
Men play on the bass viol.
A| great gun makes a loud noise.
iMen hoist goods from the hold of a ship with
ropes.
The beams of a wooden house are held up by
posts and joists these are parts of the frame,
;

pod makes the ground bring forth fruit for

man and beast.
The globe is nearly round like a ball.
The dark cloud will shed its rain on the ground
and make the grass grow.

No. 50.— L
sea — read aid gourd . peace heave
pea goad laid source* lease . weave
flea load maid course praige leave
plea road staid crease coarse blue
bead toad board grease hoarse flue
mead woad hoard • cease « breve glue

No. 5] ..—LI.
bye _ baize - loaf each teach bleak
lye raige «^ fief beach coach fleak
jeye maize ^ chief bleach roach speak
eage sheaf lief peach broach peak
Iteage leaf brief reach leash sneak
seize - neaf grief breach beak creak
ckeege oaf waif preach leak freak

Few men can afford to keep a coach.

40 THE ELEMENTARY
BAR, LAST, < :ark, fall, what; urn, vv.r.r, tu£ue ; get; eTkd, mai :Tne; lijjk;

No. 52. —III.

break oak peal shoal nail tail
steak croak seal ail snail vail
streak soak veal •bail pail quail
screak beal weal fail rail wail
squeak deal zeal hail frail \bowl
weak heal coal jail grail ssoul
shriek? meal foal flail trail beam
tweak neal goal mail sail dream
No. 53.- -LIII.
fleam steam bean mien^ grain plain
gleam foam dean moan brain slain
ream loam lean loan strain main
bream roam clean roan sprain pain
cream aim glean groan chain rain
stream claim mean fain lain drain
team maim wean gain blain train
When the wind blows hard the sea roars, and
waves run high.
its
We have green peas in the month of June.
No man can make a good plea for a dram.
Girls are fond of fine beads to wear round
their necks.
Girls and boys must learn to read and spell.
Men load hay with a pitch-fork,
A load of oak wood is worth more than a load
of pine wood.
A toad will jump like a frog.
A saw- mill 'will saw logs into boards.
A gourd grows on a vine, like a squash.
You can not teach a deaf and dumb boy to speak.
The man who drinks rum may soon want a loaf
of bread.
 SPELLING BOOK. 41
MOVE, SUX, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OK ; ETTLE, rCLL EXIST
; ; €=K ; <j=J ; 8=Z ; CK=SII.

The waves of the sea beat upon the beach.

31eachers bleach linen and thus make it white.
l?he miller grinds corn into meal.
The flesh of calves is called veal.
Apples are more plentiful than peaches.
The preacher is to preach the gospel.
Teachers teach their pupils, and pupils learn.
A. roach is a short, thick, flat fish.

Men get their growth before they are thirty.

The beak of a bird is its bill, or the end of its bill.
3-reenland is a bleak, cold place.

No. 54.—LIV.
frORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST, AND
LEFT UNMARKED AS AN EXERCISE IN NOTATION.
bot a ny
;
fel' o ny sor' cer y
el e gy K col o ny iSLMMQJJ
prod i
gy har mo ny witch er y
•
ef gy
fi cot ton y butch er y
eb o ny glut ton y / fish er y
en er gy can o py quack er y
lit ur gy* oc cu py crock er y
in fa my quan ti ty mock er y
big a my sal a ry / cook er y
bias phe my reg is try ,<- cut ler y
en e my beg gar y gal ler y
am i ty |
bur gla ry rar i ty /
vil lain y gran a ry em er y
com pa ny gloss a ry t nun ner y
lit a ny • lac ta ry frip per y
lar ce ny her aid ry / fop per y
des ti ny hus band ry o ra re_ry /
cal um ny rob ber y • ar ter y
tyr an ny chan ce ry * mas ter y
42 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €AKK, TALL, WHAT; HER, PREY, TIIKRK J
GET; bTrD, MARINE; LINK J

mys' ter y liv' er y fac' to ry

bat ter y cav al ry vie to ry
flat ter
y rev el ry his to ry
lot ter y bot torn ry black ber ry
but ter y pil lo ry / bar ber ry
ev er y mem o ry sym me try
rev er y arm o ry rib aid ry

Botany is the science of plants.

An elegy isa funeral song.
A prodigy is something very wonderful.
An e^.gj is an image or likeness of a person.
Blasphemy is contemptuous treatment of God.
Litany is a solemn service of prayer to God.
Larceny is theft, and liable to be punished.
Felony is a crime that may be punished with
death.
Salary is a stated allowance for services.
Husbandry is the tillage of the earth.
We are delighted with the harmony of sounds.
A glossary is used to explain obscure words.
History is an account of past events. great A
part of history is an account of men's crimes
and wickedness.

Ho. 55 .— LV.
blade chide globe space trice brake
shade glide probe brace twice drake
glade slide glebe grage stage slake
spade bride gibe trace shake quake
grade pride bribe slice flake strike
trade stride scribe mice stake spike
braid / erude tribe spice snake choke
jade prude place price spake poke
 SPELLING BOOK. 43
~ OVE, 86-V, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OK ; ETTLE, PULL EXIST € = K G = J
; ; :
J
8 =Z J
CH=8H.

:>roke srulle shame slime spume

spoke stile blame prime chine
smoke spile clime crime swine
Stroke frame chime plume twine

blade of grass is a single stalk.

l The leaves
of corn are also called blades,
t^he shade of the earth makes the darkness of

night.
glade is an opening among trees.
l

i. grade is a degree in rank. An officer may

enjoy the grade of a captain or lieutenant,
hade is the purchase and sale, or the exchange
of goods.
imoke rises, because it is lighter than the air.
i. globe is a round body, like a ball.

i. bribe is given to corrupt the judgment.

L smile shows that we are pleased.

fV^e have heard the chime of church bells.

No. 56.- -IV I.

WOKDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST.
7 7
ban ter mat7 ter lie tor tan ner
7

can ter tat ter vie tor in ner

cen ter • let ter doc tor din ner
en ter fet ter tin der tin ner
win ter el der ped dler , sin ner
fes ter nev er til ler cor ner
pes ter ev er sut ler ham per
tes ter sev er ham mer pam per
sis ter liv er ram mer tarn per
fos ter riv er sum mer tern per
bat ter man or / lim ner ten ter
hat ter ten or ban ner sim per
44 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, eiCS, FALL, WHAT; HBK, TEBY, TIIKEE J
GET*, bTkD, MAeTxe; LIXi

clap' per tun' nei hov'el an' vil

pep per fun nei nov el bez el
dip per ker nei 4 mar vel cor al
cop per gos pel pen cil bar ter
hop per bar rel man ful •ear ter
iipper sor rel sin ful mas tei
sup per dor sal aw ful €as tor
ves per mor sel per il pas tor
reb el ves sel ton sil par lor
€an gel i tin sel dos sil gar nei
€am el grav el fos sil far del
pan nei bev el len til art ful
ken nei '
lev el dar nei
•eav il

fen nei rev civ il /

el harp er
We have snow and ice in the cold winter.
The little sister can knit a pair of garters.
Never pester the little boys.
Hatters make hats of fur and lambs' wool.
Peaches may be better than apples.
The rivers run into the great sea.
The doctor tries to cure the sick.
The new table stands in the parlor,
A tin peddler will sell tin vessels as he travels
The little boys can crack nuts with a hammer
The farmer eats his dinner at noon.
I can dip the milk with a tin dipper.
We bread and milk for supper.
eat
The farmer puts his cider into barrels.
Vessels sail on the large rivers.
My good little sister may have a slate and per
cil and she may make letters on her slate.
;

That idle boy is a very lazy fellow.

The farmer puts his bridle and saddle upon hi
horse.
 SPELLING BOOK .
45
,

tors, son, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; KTTLE, pull exist

; ; < ;=k G=J
; ; S: =z; cn=sn.

Paper is made of linen and cotton rags.

Spiders spiu webs to catch flies.

No. 57.--LVII
mourn * grown heap fear spear oar
some t vain cheap year rear hoar
•shorn wain leap hear drear roar
3wn swain neap shear sear soar
shown twain reap blear tear boar
blown train soap elear wear pier
flown stain ear smear swear tier
Sown lane dear near tear bier

No. 58.— LVIIL

fir your stilts peat moat wait
?
air tour chintz treat groat bruit
hair eave§ eat seat eight fruit
phair leaves beat great . freight suit
air greaves. feat oat weight milt
3air pains. heat bloat v bait bttilt
stair shearg bleat coat gait guilt
pir guess ' meat goat plait court
four guest neat float trait saint

No. 59.- -LIX,

last waist •elew spew yew mow
d east dew flew erew* bow row
[east few brew * screw * show snow
feast hew slew drew* low €row
feast chew* mew grew * blow grow
*
36ast Jew new shrew flow strow
*
i boast view viewg strew glow sow
|:oast blew pew stew slow stow
*ew, in the starred words, is pronounced like oo,; in the other
l» r
ords, like ti. •

•
46 THE ELEMENTARY
BAR, LAST, CARE, FALL, WHAT; IILR, rr.KT, TIIKRF. ; GET; BIRD, MARINE; LINK

We do not like to see our own sins.

I like to see a full blown rose.
A vain girl is fond of line things.
The moon is in the wane from full to new moon
A dog can leap over a fence.
Much grain will make bread cheap.
I like to see men reap grain.
God made the ear, and He can hear.
Men shear the wool from sheep.
Flint-glass is whiteand clear.
Fowls like to live near the house and barn.
Can a boy cry and not shed a tear ?
Twelve months make one year.
Ilove to eat a good ripe pear.
The good boy will not tear his book.
A wild boar lives in the woods.
The lark will soar up in the sky to look at th(
sun.
The rain runs from the eaves of the house.
The sun heats the air, and makes it hot.
The old sheep bleats, and calls her lamb to her
I wish you to treat me with a new hat.
A chair is a better seat than a stool.
I willwear my great-coat in a cold wet day.
I have seen the ice float down the stream.
Boys and girls are fond of fruit.
The sun will rise in the east, and set in the west
A'beast can not talk and think, as we do.
We roast a piece of beef or a goose.
A girl can toast a piece of bread.
We chew our meat with our teeth.
Live coals of fire glow with heat.
A moat is a deep trench round a castle or othei
fortified place.
 SPELLING BOOK. 1
47
;
MOTE, 60N", WOLF, FOOT, MOON, or. ; tscvty pull f.xist; € = k; g=j ; s = z; cu=:sir.

daunt taunt slant barge

haunt vaunt large sa7ve
flaunt grant charge s^arf
,

No. 60.— LX.

fraud squash awl yawl yawn
broad wash bawl dawn dwarf
sau c e swash sprawl fawn watch
1
€au§o quash brawl lawn vault
!
gauze gawk «rawl pawn fault
1

€lauge hawk drawl spawn aught

pau§e haul trawl brawn naught
paunch maul waul ' drawn eaught
: BTo. 61.— LXI
:

brine scrape scope shave drive

tine drape trope slave drove
shone shape snore plate strove
erone €rape slate prate grove
drone grape state quite -G'love
prone snipe grate smite gloze
stone gripe grave spite froze
prune stripe brave sprite prize
i
-drupe tripe €rave trite smote

Forks have two, three, or four tines.

We keep salt meat in brine.
Grapes grow on vines, in clusters.
Smoke goes through the pipe of a stove.
The boy loves ripe grapes.
3ed-cords are long ropes.
^ut-wood and coal will make a warm fire.
j3hut the gate and keep the hogs out of the yard,
plates are stone, and used to cover roofs of houses.
48 THE ELEMENTARY
bab, lAst, «are, fall, what; IIEC, PEBT, there ;
get; bird, marine; link;

We burn coal in a grate.

I had some green corn in July, on a plate
Dig up the weeds and let the corn grow
Bees live in hives and collect honey,
He was dul and made trite remarks
3

No. 62.— L XII

WORDS OF IBIRFS SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST
am'i ty 6b' lo quy '
\f nas ty
jol li ty sin ew y ^ay e ty
mil li ty gal ax y loy al ty
en mi ty ped ant ry roy al ty
san i ty In fant ry u §u ry ($sho<h)
van i ty gal lant ry ra pi er
bal €0 ny big ot ry nau ti lus
len i ty an ces try*. • pan ci ty
dig ni ty tap es try moi e ty
dep u ty mm is try . prel a cy
trin i ty in dus try al i quot
par i ty $ent ti ry^ man i fesi
eom i ty mer eu ry up per most
ver i ty In ju ry ut ter most
den si ty per ju ry eon tra ry
en ti ty pen u ry • eel e ry
eav i ty lux u ry pie na ry
lev i ty her e sy sa li ent
lax i ty em bas sy le ni eni
-pen al ty de i ty ve he mem
nov el ty ty
fe al bri er y
fae til ty pT e ty boun te ous
mod est y V6 e sy moun tain ous
prob ty i eru el ty eoun ter felt
am nes ty pu ri ty fraud ti lent
bot a ny nu di ty wa ter v
 SPELLING-BOOK 49
MOVE, SOX, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OB ; ET7LE, PULL EXIST ; € = K G=J
; J ; S=Z J
Cn=SH.

No. 63.—L XIII,

WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND,
7
a base ment dis burse' ment au turn' nal
al lure merit in dorse ment how ev er
de base ment arch bish op em bar rass
in citement ad vent tire in stall ment
ex cite ment dis fran chi§e in thrall ment
en slave ment en fran chi§e hy draul ics
a maze ment mis con strue enjoy ment
in qui ry de po§ it em ploy ment
un ea §y re po§ it a mass ment
eon vey ange at trib ute em bar go
pur vey or im mod est im prove ment
sur vey or un luck y at tor ney
sur vey ing ap pen dix an noy ance

No. 64.— L XIV

WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST,

blan' dish blem' ish bur' nish nour' ish

bran dish skir mish pun ish skit tish
fur bish van ish clown ish slu£ tish
rub bish fin ish snap pish lav ish
selfish grar nish par ish rav ish
churl ish tar nish cher ish pub lish
fur nish var nish flour ish pot ash

Vain persons are fond of the allurements of dress.

Strong drink leads to the debasement both of the mind and
the body.
We look with amazement on the evils of strong drink,
rhe gambler wishes to get money without earning it,
in indorser indorses his name on the back of a note and his ;

indorsement makes him liable to pay tile note,

in archbishop is a chief dignitary of the church.
Merchants often deposit money in the bank for safe keeping.
50 THE ELEMENTARY
BAR, LAST, €ARE, FALL, WTLATI HER, PREY, THERE; GET; BIRD, MARINE; LINK J

Autumnal fruits are the fruits that ripen in autumn.

The wicked know not the enjoyment of a good conscience.
Parents should provide useful employment for their children.
Men devoted to mere amusement misemploy their time.

No. 65.— LXV.

THE UNMAPPED TOWELS (EXCEPT e FINAL) IN THIS LESSON
HAVE A SOUND APPROACHING THAT OF SHORT 11.
horse'back hern' l5ck jour' nal
lamp black fetlock ras cal
bar rack mat tock spi nal
ran sack hood wink con trite
ham mock bul wark trib tite
had dock pitch fork stat ute
pad lock dam ask con cave
wed lock •sym bol con clave
fire lock ver bal 6e tave
hillock med al res cue
bull ock ver nal val lie

No. 66.— L XVI

ft IN ate, UNMAJRKED, DOES NOT HAVE THE FULL SOUND OF
LONG a.
sen' ate stag' nate eli' mate fi' nite
in grate f ll trate pre! ate post age
pal ate "
pros trate vi brate plu mage
stel late • frus trate pi rate tri umph
inmate die tate cu rate state ment
mess mate tes tate pri vate rai ment
V/hen an old house is pulled down, it is no small job to re-
move the rubbish.
Washington was not a selfish man. He labored for the good
of his country more than for himself.
Exercise will give us a relish for our food.
In China, thousands sometimes famish with hunger.
Riding on horseback is good exercise.
 SPELLING-BOOK 51
OVE, SOX, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; KTTLK, PITLL ; EXIST ; € = K <j=J
j ;
S =Z ; OH=8Bt

amp-black is a fine soot formed from the smoke of tar, pitch,

or pine wood.
The Indians traffic with our people, and give furs for blankets.
3-ranite is a kind of stone which is very strong, handsome, and
useful in building.
The Senate of the United States is called the Upper House of
Congress.
Vater will stagnate, and then
it is not good,

leavy winds sometimes prostrate trees

Norway has a cold climate.
fedals are sometimes given as a reward at school,
Ve punish bad men to prevent crimes,
Ve pity the slavish drinkers of rum.
?he drunkard's face will publish his vice and his disgrace,

No. 67.—IX VII

TORDS OF FOUR SYLLABLES, THE PRIMARY ACCENT ON THE
FIRST" THE LAST COLUMN LEFT UNMARKEDo

hi
?

mi na ry ig' no mm y mer ce na ry
7

eu li na r ger e mo ny mil li ner y

mo ment a ry al mo nyi or di na ry
nu ga to ry mat ri mo ny sem i na ry
nu mer a ry pat ri mo ny pul mo na ry
bre vi a ry par si mo ny sub lu na ry
ef fi ea 9y an ti mo ny lit er a ry

del i ea gy tes ti mo ny form u la ry

in tri ea gy drom e da ry ar bi tra ry
eon tu ma gy preb end a ry ad ver sa ry
ob sti na gy see ond a ry em is sa ry
ae eu ra gy ex em pla ry com mis sa ry
ex i gen gy an ti qua ry %
cem e ter y
ex gel len gy tit u la ry see re ta ry
eom pe ten gy eus torn a ry mil i ta ry
Im po ten gy ^on or a ry sol i ta ry
mis gel la ny '
par ge na ry '
sed en ta ry
neg es sa ry >
med ul la ry vol un ta ry
52 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €AEB, FALL, WHAT J
HBE, PBBT, THKBE ',
SET", BIBD, MAEINE? M^K ;

triV ii ta ry dys' en tery man' da to ry

sal u ta ry presby ter y pur ga to ry
an cil la ry prom is so ry * dila to ry
cap il la ry pred a to ry or a to ry
axillary prefatory dor mi to ry
eor ol ry la pul sa to ry mon i to ry
max il la ry mm a to ry ter ri to ry
ad ver sa ry aud it o ry tran si to ry
al a bas ter ex ere to ry in ven to ry
plan et a ry jan i za ry controversy
stat u a ry mon as ter y leg is la tive
sanet ii a ry al le go ry leg is lat ure
snmpt ii a ry des ul to ry leg is la tor

The sun is the brightest luminary.

The moon is the luminary of the night
The streets, houses, and shops in New York are illuminated

by gas lights^
Potatoes and turnips are common culinary roots used in our
kitchens.
We admire the rose for the delicacy of its colors and its sweet
fragrance.
There is a near intimacy between drunkenness, poverty, and|
ruin.
The obstinate will should be subdued.
Wedlock is the old Anglo-Saxon term for matrimony.
Antimony is a hard mineral, and is used in making types foi

printing.
A witness must givt true testimony.
A dromedary is a large quadruped.
Worldly men make it their primary object to please them!
selves duty holds but a secondary place in their esteem.
;

customary for tipplers to visit taverns.

It is
Grammar is a difficult but ordinary study.
A seminary means a place of instruction.
Napoleon was an arbitrary emperor. He disposed of king
doms as he chose.
The devil is the great adversary of man.
 SPELLING-BOOK. 53
MOVE, SOX, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OK ; ETTLE, PULL EXIST
; J €=K J
G=J ; S =Z ; CU = Sff.

Food is necessary to animal life.

Alabaster is a kind of marble or limestone.

An emissary is a secret agent employed to give information to
an enemy, or to act as a spy.
The planetary worlds are those stars which go round the
sun.'
A secretary is a writer, or a scribe.
Our actions are voluntary, proceeding from free will.
The Ohio River has many large tributary streams which con-
tribute to increase its waters.
Pure water and good air are salutary.
A church is called a sanctuary or holy place.
The dysentery is a painful disease.
A promissory note is a note by which a man promises to pay
a sum of money.
The remarks at the beginning of a discourse are called prefa-
tory remarks.
Dilatory people are such as delay doing their work.
An orator makes orations ; and oratory is the art of public
speaking.
The auditory is the company who attend as hearers of a dis-
course.
They could not agree and had a bitter controversy.

No. 68.— LXVIII.

WORDS OP THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND.
im mor tal ' in feY nal re plev' in
pa rent al ma ter nal a ban don
as quit tal pa ter nal pi as ter
en am el e ter nal pi las ter
im pan el in ter nal as sev er
ap par el di iir nal dis sev er
u ten sil noe tur nal de liv er
un civ il pro €on sul ,
'
e lix ir
triiimph al un cer tain pre cep tor j

in form al in clem ent com po§ ite

bap ti§ mal de ter mine en am or
In ber nal as sas sin to bae eo
54 THE ELEMENTARY
BAR, LAST, €AEE, FALL, WHAT; HEE, PKKY, TUEBE GET; ; BIED, MAEIXF.; LINK;

si roe' eo sur rer/ der a pos' tate

me men to dig or der pro mu.1 gate
pi men to •
nar 91s sus in ear nate
mu lat to eo 16s sus vol ea no
pal met to im per feet Oe to ber
en vel op in ter pret in elo §ure
de vel op in hab it dis elo gure
De 9 em ber €0 hab it eom po §ure
Sep tern ber pro hib it ex po §ure
No vem ber dis ered it fore elo §ure
en eum ber de ererj it dis eov er
eon sid er in her it dis col or
be wil der de mer it re cov er
mis fort tine pome gran ate dis com fit

me an der e? am pie di§ as ter

en gen der in tes tate re pass ing
The soul is immortal ; it will never die.
Our bodies are mortal ; they will soon die
Utensils are tools to work with= Plows, axes, and hoes are
utensils for farming:; needles and scissors are utensils f<

making garments,
A formal meeting is one where the forms of ceremony a :
observed; when people meet without attending to these
formalities it is called an informal meeting.
Children are sometimes bewildered and lost in the woods.
Sons and daughters inherit the estate and sometimes the in-
firmities of their parents,
The diurnal motion of the earth is its daily motion, and this
gives us day and night-
Tobacco is a native plant of America
Pimento is the plant whose berries we call allspice.
Savage nations inhabit huts and wigwams.
Paternal care and maternal love are great blessings to chil-
dren, and should be repaid with their duty and affection.
The blowing up of the steam-ship was a terrible disaster
to us.
Pomegranate is a fruit of about the size of an orange.
 SPELLING-BOOK. 55
MOVE, SON WOLF, FOOT moon, ok ; rrLE, pcll ; exist €=k g=j §=z
; ;
; <jii=sit.

No. 69.— LXIX.

bay jay slay dray tray sway
day lay may fray stray splay
fay elay nay gray say prey
gay flay pay pray stay dey
hay play ray spray way bey
No. 70.— LXX.
boy j°y toy haw -elaw raw saw
eoy eloy eaw jaw flaw -eraw law
hoy troy daw draw maw straw paw
No. 71.— LXXI.
swamp small , swart port live glove
wasp spalt quart most •eome work*
was. salt pork doll some worst*
halt want fort loll dove shove
malt wart sport give love monk
No. 72.—L XXII
bow mow sow worm * dirt squirt
€0W now vow front flirt first
how brow key wont shirt ward
plow plow ley wort * skirt warm
The farmer cuts h s grass to make hay.
Bricks are made of clay baked in a kiln.
You may play on a mow of hay.
A dray is a kind of low cart.
When we eat we move the under jaw 3ut the upper jaw of
most animals is fixed.
Little hoys are fond of toys.
The stin % of a wasp is very painful.
A swamp is wet, spongy land.
A monk lives in retirement from the world.

* () like u (wurk, wurst, wurm, wurt).

56 THE ELEMENTARY
BAE, LAST, €AEE, FALL, TVIIAT; HER, TEBY, THERE; GET; bTrD, MARINE; Lltf K J

Smalt is a blue glass of cobalt.

Malt is barley steeped in water, fermented and dried in a kiln
of this are made ale and beer

No. 73.— LXXIII,

WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES ACCENTED ON THE FERST.

lad/ der she!' ter chart' er char' nel

blaclder fii ter lob ster bar ren
mad der mil ler lit ter flor in
fod der chap ter mon ster rob in
ul cer suf fer glis ter coffin
can ger pil fer chat ter muffin
ud der badg er shat ter bod kin
shud der ledg er elut ter wel kin
rud der bank er flut ter nap kin
pud der cank er plat ter pip kin
gan der hank er smat ter bus kin
pan der turn bier spat ter gob lin
gen der sad dler shiv er mu§ lin
slen der ant ler sliv er lu. 9id
ren der skim mer quiv er bar on
ten der glim mer cul ver flag on
9m der prop er tor por wag on
hin der clap per er ror fel on
pon der skip per ter ror gal Ion
un der slipper mir ror lem on
blun der crop per hor ror gam mon
plun der as per cen sor mam moi
thun der pros per spon sor com mon
sun der less er sec tor can non
or der dress er sach el 9it ron
bor der aft er flan nel ten on
mur der raft er chap el can ton
dif fer rant er gray el pis ton
 SPELLING-BOOK. 57
JOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OK ; KFLE pull EXIST ; ; €=K 6=j; s = z;
; <JH = SII.

of fer proe'tor trav' el sex' ton

cof fer chan nel pom mel kirn bo
scof fer '
cud gel bush el stue co
prof fer hatch el N
ehan 9el dit to

die farmer hatchels flax; he sells corn by the bushel, and

butter by the firkin.
jittle boys and girls love to ri< le in a wagon.
\)ur quarts make a gallon. A barrel is thirty gallons, more
or less.

jemons grow on trees in warm climates.

''he robin is a pretty singing-bird.
L napkin is a kind of towel.
Jrass is a compound of copper and zinc.
"he channel of a river is where the main current flows.
"iremen have ladders to climb upon houses.
'he farmer fodders his cattle in winter.
with i rudder.
lie sailor steers a vessel
l gander is w bite and a goose gray.

(room-corn grows with a long slender stalk.

lie eye is a very tender organ, and one of the most useful
members of the body.

No. 74.— LXXIV.

WORDS or TWO SYLLABLES ACCENTED ON THE , FIRST.

brace' let dri' ver tu/ mor crl' sis

di et major la bor gra ter
qui et mi nor ta bor fo cus
se cret stu por 6 dor mu cus
po et ju ror €0 Ion bo lus
to phet pre tor de mon fla grant
eye let tu tor I ron {i'urri) va grant
tu mult pri or a pron ty rant
bol ster ra zor dew lap 'de cent
hoi ster tre mor erifet re cent
gra ver hu. nior ba sis no cent
qua ver ru mor \i nit lu cent
58 THE ELEMENTARY
B'Ar, last, €akk, fall, -what: iter, rr.KY, tiikre; get; nTr.n, mauixf.; lixk

trident va'-eant need'y hu/zy

pru dent flu ent ero ny la zy
stu dent fre quent pu ny do zy
a gent se quent y£ ry slea zy
re gent ri ot du ty jas per
eo gent pi lot na vy bar gain
si lentbare foot gra vy -eap tain
ease ment pre cept safe ty cer tain
pave ment post s-eript sure ty mur rain
move ment o vert glo ry vil lain
mo ment ru by sto ry vi §or
cl pher spi cy -era zy slan der

Ladies sometimes wear bracelets on their arms.

Watts was a very good, poet lie wrote good songs.
;

Rabbits hide themselves in secret places.

A bolster is put at the head of a bed.
Men in old age love a quiet life.
A gr; er is a tool for engraving.
T

A holster is a case for carrying a pistol.

The driver is one who drives a team.
A minor is a young person not twenty-one years old.
Miners w ork in mines under ground.
7

A juror is one who sits to try causes and give a verdict a<

cording to the evidence.

The rose emits a pleasant flavor.
Labor makes us strong and healthy.
A colon is one of the stops in reading.
A -pastordoes not like to see vacant seats in his church.
Girls wear aprons to keep their frocks clean.
Nero was a wicked tyrant at Rome.
Every person should wear a decent dress.
A major is an officer next above a captain.
A vagrant is a wandering, lazy fellow.
Cedar is the most durable sj>ecies of wood.

A postscript is something added to a letter.

The streets of cities are covered with pavements.
 SPELLINO-BOOK. 59
MOVK, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OK ; KTJLE, PCLL EXIST € = K G = J
; J ; ; § =Z ; CU = SU.

BTo. 75.— L XXV.

WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND.

ar rf val die ta' tor dis fig' lire

ap prov al tes ta tor trans fig tire
€0 e val en vi ron •eon jeet lire
re fu §al pa go da de bent fire
re pri gal tor pe do in dent ure
N bra va do en rapt
pe ru sal fire
de -ere tal tor na do -eon text ure
re 91 tal lum ba go eom mlxt ure
re qui tal vi ra go eon uetin
pri me val far ra go for bid ding
1111 e qual pro vi §0 un er ring
eo e qual po ta to pro 9eed ing
re new al oe ta vo ex 9eed ing
1 de al sub sen ber sub al tern
il le gal re vi val es pou sal
de 111 al en dan ger en eoun ter
de eri al de 91 pher ren eoun ter
tri bu nal ma neu ver a vow al
a eu men hi a tus ad vow §011
le gu men qui £ tus dis loy al
dis sei zin eon fess or dis eour age
in 91 §or ag gress or en eouY age
ere a tor sue §ess or mo las se§
spee ta tor pre fig tire de part tire

Ve often wait for the arrival of the mail.

Doe val signifies of the same age.
ieprisal is seizing anything from an enemy in retaliation.
Ln incisor is a fore tooth.
)ur blood is often chilled at the recital of acts of cruelty.
Requital is a recompense for some act.
Primeval denotes what was first or original.
60 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €ARE, FALL, WHAT; HER, PERT, THERE; GET; BIRD, MARINE; LINK J

A tribunal a court for deciding causes.

is

Acumen denotes quickness of perception.

Illegal is the same as unlawful. It is illegal to steal fruit froi

another's orchard or garden.

A virago is a turbulent, masculine woman.
Molasses is the syrup which drains from sugar when it :

cooling.
The potato is a native plant of America.

No. 76.—I XXVI.

WOBDS OF THBEE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE LAST.

ap per tain' pre €on 9eive dis af feet'

su per vene o ver drive o ver whelm
in ter vene dis ap prove mis in form
im por tune o ver reach coun ter act
op por tune o ver look in di rect
in se eure dis in thrall in €or rect
in ter fere re in stall in ter sect
pre ma ttire dis esteem €on tra diet
im ma ture mis de mean o ver set
ad ver tige un fore seen in ter mit
re €om p6§e fore or dain rep re §ent
de €om pose o ver strain dis con tent
in ter po§e as 9er tain 9ir €um ven
pre dis po§e en ter tain un der went
re in state re ap pear o ver shoot
im po lite dis in ter in ter 9ept
re u. nite in ter sperse in ter rupt
dis u nite re im burse o ver top
dis re pute 9ir €um volve re ap point
in ter leave o ver hang un der go
in terweave o ver match o ver leap
mis be have dis em bark o ver sleep
) un de geive un der sell dis ap pear
 SPELLING-BOOK. 61
)VE, SOX, WOLF, FC OT, MOON, OE RTJLE pull ejist
J , ; ; €- =k ; g=j s=z ch=sh.
; ;

7
noun tain eer' fin an cieY o ver cast
m gin eer
'

brig a dier re in vest

lom i neer gren a dier co ex. 1st
nu ti neer bom bar dier pre ex ist
3i o neer deb o nair in ter mix
iuc tion eer re§ er voir o ver throw
) ver seer o ver joy o ver flow
>ri va teer mis em ploy o ver lay
rol un teer es pla nade dis o bey
?az et teer in ex pert dis al low
No. 77.— LXXVII. -

WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST.

W las cop'y hur' ry
7
flab by
sue eor happy flurry shab by
&6n or poppy harpy tab by
ran cor puppy en try lob by
ean dor sun dry sen try grit ty
splen dor bel fry dusky put ty
rig or felly pal try levy
rig or «arry ves try bevy
7al or marry pity privy
•er vor parry scan ty en vy
sculp tor berry plen ty doxy
elam or ferry testy prox y
ten nis cher ry betty col or
slas sic merry petty worry
ix is perry jet ty party
fancy sorry ditty arbor
Denny curry witty har bor
An atlas is a book of maps.
You must be good, or you can not be happy.
When you make letters, look at your copy.
The poppy is a large flower.
The puppy barks, as well as the dog.
62 THE ELEMENTARY
Bar, last, €are, fall, what: hkr, prey, th£re; get; r.ir.n, maeixe; liitk;

The place where the bell hangs in the steeple is called tht
belfry.
Horses carry men on their backs.
We cross the ferry in a boat.
The cherry is an acid fruit.
We when a good man dies.
are sorry
Never do your w ork in a hurry.
7

Boys like a warm fire in a wintery day.

The farmer iikes to have plenty of hay for his cattle, and
oats for his horses,
fhe lily is a very pretty flower.
Glass is made fast in the window with putty.

So. 78.—LXXVIII.
WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST.

ban' isli merit pol' y glot ten' den cy

blan dish merit *
ber ga mot pun gen cy
pun ment
ish an te past clem en cy
rav ment
isli in ter est cur ren cy
ped i ment pen te -eost sol ven cy
sed i ment hal but
i bank rupt cy
al i ment be low
ftir sum ma ry
com pli ment bed fel low land dy la
lin i ment cic a trix rem dy e
mer ri ment par a dox e5m e dy
det ri ment sar do nyx per ft dy
sen ti ment Sat ur day niel o dy
doc 11 ment hoi i day mon o dy
teg H ment run a way par o dy
mon u. ment ear a way pros o dy
in stru ment •easta way cus to dy
con ti nent ;
leg a cy cru $i fix
cal a mint fal lacy di a lecfc

idi ot pol i cy 6 ri ent

gal i ot in fan cy a pri cot
char i ot €011 stan cy va can cy
 SPELLING-BOOK. 63
iOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OB KFLH, TCLL EXIST € = K G=J
; ; ; ; ; 6 =Z ; CH=8H.

va' gran cy prf va cy oVlo quy

lH na cy po ten cy di a ry
de cen cy pli an cy ro §a ry
pa pa cy fhi en cy no ta ry
re gen cy mu ti ny vo ta ry
pi ra cy scru ti ny grocery
co gen cy pe o ny dra per y
se ere cy iron y I vo ry

No. 79.— I XXIX.

WORDS OF FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND.
a e' ri al no ta/ ri al in tef ri or
an nti i ty ma te ri al pos te ri or
me mo ri al im pe ri al ex te ri or
de mo ni ac ar te ri al pro pri e tor
am mo ni ac ar mo ri al ex tra ne ous
adju di cate mer eu. ri al spoil ta ne ous
e lu ci date em po um ri cu ta ne ous
mi me di ate sen so um ri / er ro ne ous
re pu di ate tra pe zi um ter ra que ous
eol le gi ate cri te ri on tar ta re ous
ex fo li ate
v

cen tu. ri on com mo di ous

in e bri ate, v. al lo di al fe lo ni ous
ex co ate ri al lo di um har mo ni ous
ap pro pri ate en co mi um gra til i tous
in fu ri ate tra ge di an for tu i tous
al le vi ate com e di an lux u ri ant
ab bre vi ate col le <H an e lu so ry
'
an ni hi late ge rii le an illu so ry
ac cu. mu late bar ba ri an col lu so ry
N
il lumi nate gram ma ri an so ci e ty
e nu mer ate in fe or ri im pu. ri ty
re mu ner ate su pe ri or se cu ri ty
in e6r po rate an te ri or ob scu rity
64 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €ABE, TALL, WHAT; HEB, PEKY, THEBE ; «ET; BIKD, MAEINE; LINK;

All clouds float in the aerial regionSo

The aerial songsters are birds of the aii
Grave-stones are placed by graves, as memorials of the dead.
They call to our remembrance our friends who are buried
under them or near them.
The blossoms of spring send forth an agreeable smelL
There is an immediate communication between the heart and
the brain.
Men who have been instructed in colleges are said to have a
collegiate education,
Laudanum is given to alleviate pain.
The sun illuminates our world.
Our bodies are material, and will return to dust ; but our souls
are immaterial, and will not die.
Arterial blood is that which flows from the heart through the
arteries.
An actor of a tragedy upon the stage is called a tragedian.,
A collegian is a student at college,
God has made two great lights for our world —the sun and thel
moon the sun is the superior light, and
: the moon is the!

inferior, or lesser light.

The exterior part of a house , is the outside j
the interior isl

that within

No. 80.- -LXXX,

WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES. ACCENTED ON THE FIRST
mus/ lin cor' ban con' gress ab'jeet
linch pm kitch en prog ress 6b ject
re§ in chick en for tress sub ject
ros. in mar tin mis tress ver diet
mat in siov en but tress rel ict
sat in grif fin rick ets dis trict
spav in ur chin spir its in stinct
sav in dol phin non plus pre cinct
wel kin pip pin gram pus gib bet
'

ten don har ness mys tic sher bet

Lat in wit ness brick bat dul cet
cor don in gress per feet Ian cet
 SPELLING- BOOK. 65
UOVK, 80X, wolf, robT, MOON, OE ; ET7LE, PCLI ; exist; €- K G = J S =Z CH =BH.
7
buffet buck7 et bil'let cor net
fidg et blank et fillet hor net
budg et mar ket skil let bur net
rack et bas ket mil let triim pet
latch et cas ket col let lap pet
fresh et bris ket gul let tip pet
jack et mus ket riiul let ear pet
plack et val et cam let clar et
brack et tab let ham let gar ret
tick et trip let gim let fer ret

crick et gob let in let tur ret

wick et corse let bon net offset
dock et mal let son net on set
pock et pal let run net cor set
sock et wal let gar ment bul let
Hie old Romans used to write in the Latin language.
The linchpin secures the cart-wheel to the axle-tree.
Satin is a rich glossy silk.
The falcon is a bird of the hawk kind.
Ladies should know how to manage a kitchen.
rhe little chickens follow the hen.

The martin builds its nest near the house.

1 witness must tell all the truth in court.
)ur Congress meets once a year to make laws,
rhe sloven seldom keeps his hands clean.
rhe dolphin is a sea-fish.
V. boy can harness a horse and hitch him to a wagon.
iVe harness horses for the coach or gig.
I good mistress will keep her house in order.
The grampus is a large fish living in the sea.
^ relict is a woman whose husband is dead.
3oys love to make a great racket.
Brickbats are pieces of broken bricks.
rhe doctor sometimes bleeds his patients with a lancet.
tfhen large hail-stones fall on the house they
make a great
racket.
The little boy likes to have a new jacket. _______^^__
66 THE ELEMENTARY
bah, last, €Am:, fall, what; iii!i:, i-u:_:v, thLuk; get ; i:7i:i>, m\h"si; ; link;

No. 81.— L XX XI.

WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND.
THE LAST COLUMN IS LEFT UNMARKED.
re veSige'ful in vent' ive in ac'tive
for get ful per cep tive de feet ive
e vent ful pre gurnp tive ef feet ive
neg leet ful eon sump tive ob ject ive
dis gust ful de cep tive e lect ive
dis trust ful as sert ive ad he sive
sue cess ful a bor tive co he sive
un skill ful di gest ive de ci sive
eol leet ive ex pul sive cor ro sive
pros peet ive com pul sive a bu sive
per speet ive ini pul sive con clu sive
cor reet ive re pul sive ex clu sive
in vee tive de fen sive in clu sive
vin die tive of fen sive e lu sive
af fli-et ive sub ver sive de lu sive
at tract ive dis cur sive al lu sive
dis tinet ive ex cur sive il lu sive

sub June tive in cur sive col lu sive

eon June tive sue cess ive ob tru sive
in duet ive ex cess ive in tru sive
pro duet ive pro gress ive pro tru sive
de strue tive op press ive e va sive
eon struct ive ex press ive per sua sive
in cen tive im press ive as sua sive
re ten tive sub mis sive dis sua sive
at ten tive per mis sive un fad ing
pre vent ive trans mis sive un feel ing
We are apt to live forgetful of our continual dependence oi

the will of God.

We should not trust our lives to unskillful doctors or drunkei
sailors.
Washington was a successful general.
 SPELLING-BOOK. 67
moyk. so:>, wolf, foOT, moon, ok ; r.rn:, pcll exist
; ; <3 = K 6=j s=z
; ; ; cn=su.

:V prospective view, means a view before us.

Perspective glasses are such as we look through, to see things
at a distance. Telescopes are perspective glasses.
Rum, gin, brandy, and whisky are destructive enemies to
mankind. They destroy more lives than wars, famine, and
pestilence.
in attentive boy will improve in learning.
hitrid bodies emit an offensive smell,
die drunkard's course is progressive he begins by drinking ;

a little, and shortens his life by drinking to excess.

Hie sloth is an inactive, slow animal.
Che President of the United States" is elective once every four
years. He is chosen by electors who are elected by people
of the different States. .

No. 82.— LXXXII.

WORDS OP FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST.

ju' di -ea ture spir' it u ous ear'i -ea tiirc

ex pli €a tive spir it u al tern per a ture

pal li a tive lin e a ment lit er a ture
spee ft la tive vi§ ion a ry ag ri -eul ture
•eop il la tive mis sion a ry lior ti eul ture
nom i na tive die tion a ry Spres by ter y
op er a tive sta tion a ry des ul to ry
fig u ra tive est u a ry prom on to ry
veg e ta tive Nner ce na ry per emp to ry
iui i ta tive N
mes en ter y ea§ u is try

No. 83.— LXXXIII.

WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST.

rel'a tive prim'i tive ad'jee tive

ab la tive ^pur ga tive 6b vi ous
nar ra tive len i tive en vi ous
lax a tive trail si tive per vi ous
ex pie tive sen si tive pat ii lous
neg a tive siib stan tive per il ous
68 THE ELEMENTARY
bab, last, €1ee, FALL, wiiat; h£e, teky, tiieee ; gkt; bTed, iiabixe; link:

seur' ril ous sed' u lous pop'u lous

mar vel ous gland u lous quer u lous
friv o lous gran u lous in fa mous
fab u lous pend u lous bias phe mous
neb u lous serof u lous de vi ous
glob ii lous em u lous pre vi ous
ered a lous trem u lous li bel ous

tfo. 84.— L XX XIV,

WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST.
N
bon fire
! spend ' thrift ear* dron wor' ship
sam phire •
sur feit cnal dron (wur'ship)

\sap phire* des eant, n, saf fron star light

quag mire ped ant mod ern mid night
em pire pend ant bick ern up right
urn pire ver dant Ian tern in sight
wel fare sol enm 91s tern for feit
hard ware eol umw pat tern non suit
wind pipe vol ume slat tern prig on
bag pipe an swer bit tern gar den
horn pipe eon q^er tav ern mer chant
brim stone eor sair gov ern doub let
san gume grand eur stub born fore 7*ead
pris tine phy§ ies check er vine yard
trib une tae ties vie ar euck 6b
fort une op ties heVf er edbp er
land seape eal ends, cham fer wa ter
pam phlet for ward pars ley mawk ish
proph et rich e§ friend ship awk ward
eon traet ash e§ hard ship dwarf ish

Brimstone is a mineral which is dug from the earth.

Children should answer questions politely.
When the sun shines with clearness, it is the most splendid
object that we can see.
* Pronounced sdf'fire
 SPELLING-BOOK, 69
MOVE, SON, WQLF, FOOT, MOON, OK J BTTLE, PULL EXIST € = K
; J ; 6= J S=Z
J ; CH=SK.

Potashes and pearlashes are made from common ashes,

Thirty-six bushels of coal make one chaldron,
Saffron is a well-known garden plant.
To keep the wind from blowing out the candle, we put it into
a lantern.
A wooden cistern is not very durable.
Many persons spend too much time at taverns.
Mules are sometimes very stubborn animals.
The cuckoo visits us early in the spring,
Carrots have long tapering roots.
Twelve o'clock at night is midnight.
A merchant is one who exports and imports goods, or who
buys and sells goods, especially by wholesale.
Water flows along a descent by the force of gravity,
God governs the world in infinite wisdom the Bible teaches ;

us that it is our duty to worship Him.

It is a solemn thing to die and appear before God,

No. 85.—LXXXV.
WORDS OP THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST,

cheV u bim por'eu pine seor' pi on

ser a phim or i gin bar ris ter
mar tyr dom jav e lin dul ci mer
id i om rav e lin mar ner
i

draw ing-rdbm har le quin eor o ner

eat a pla§in
v
myr mi don* ean is ter
6s tra gi§m lex eon i mm is ter
gal li ci§m dee a gon sin is ter
skep ti ci§m 6e ta gon pres by ter
syl lo gi§m pen ta gon quick sil ver
her o i§m hep ta gon met a phor
bar ba ri§m hex a gon bach e lor
as ter i§m '
pol y gon chan eel lor
aph o rigm cham pi on em per or
mag net i§m pom pi on eon qwer or
* Pronounced mir> mi-don.
70 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €.' fall, what; hub, i'imjy, Tiifcur. ; gf.t; dTrd, uacTne; i-iric;

sen a tor ca pi as pow'er ful

or a tor ca ri e§ ca ve at
v
coun sel or a ri e§ bay o net
ed it or u ni corn roge ma ry
cred it or por ti co fruit er y
in 6 n i tor au dit or fool er y
an ces tor al ma nac drOll er y
par a mour wa ter fall straw ber ry
cop per as quad ra tllre qua! i ty
pol i ties cov ert ure lau re ate
v
nem or rhoicls, wa ter man house wife ry
as ter oid§ •
salt- eel lar huoy an cy
re qui em e qui nox dent 1st ry
di a phra^m coun ter poi§e soph ist ry
chain ber lain coun ter march v por pliy ry
in ter im coun ter su/n *proph e cy
me te or ti fulboun off scour insr
Cherubim is a Hebrew word in tlie plural number.
True heroism may sometimes be shown in every-day employ-
ment.
We ought to pity the mistakes of the ignorant, and try to
correct them.
The porcupine can raise his sharp quills, in the same manner
as a hog erects his bristles.
All mankind have their origin from Adam.
A lexicon is a dictionary explaining words.
Goliath was the champion of the Philistines.
Pompions are now commonly called pumpkins.
The sting of a scorpion is poisonous and fatal.
Mariners are sailors who navigate ships on the high seas.
We put tea into a canister to keep its flavor.
Quicksilver is heavier than lead; and it flows like a liquid.

but without moisture.

Abraham was the great ancestor of the Hebrews.
Cicero was the most celebrated of the Roman orators.
If John sells goods to James on credit, John is the creditor,
and James is the debtor.
 SPELLING-BOOK. 71
KOVK, SON, WOLF, foot, moon, on ;
t.t;l:: , fill ; EXB8T ; -e =K ; g-.j; g=z: c.ii=su.

No. 86.—LXXXVI,
WOUDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SE'JOND.

eorn pel be get' project',?;. ex Uu-qi

dis pel for get tra ject, v, de timet
ex pel re gret ob ject, v. de coct
re pel be set sub ject, v. de duct
im pel un fit de ject in duet
pro pel sub niit de feet con duct,?;.
fore tell ad mit affect ob struct
nil fill e mit ef feet in struct
dis till re mit in feet con struct
in still trans mit e lect re plant
ex till •eornmit se lect im plant
ex tol per mit re fleet sup plant
ja pan re fit in fleet dis plant
tre pan ae quit neg lect trans plant
rat tan out wit col lect le vant
di van re act con iiect *de scent
be gin en act re spect la me nt
with in com pact sus pect aug ment,#.
un pin re fract •e rect af fix, v.
here in in fract cor rect pre fix, v.

a non sub tract di rect in fix

up on de tract de tect trans fix.

per haps re tract pro tect pro lix

re volt con tract, v. ad diet com mix
a du.lt pro tract pre diet *ce ment, v.
re §ult ab stract, v. af flict con sent
in suit, v. dis tract in flict fo ment
con suit ex tract, v. con flict, v. fer ment
de cant trans act de pict dis sent
re cant re ject re strict in tent
a bet e ject sue cinct con tent
ca det in ject dis tinct ex tent
72 THE ELEMENTARY
BAK, LAST, CASE, FALL, WHAT; HtE, PBEY, TULRL J
GET; BIUI>, MAIWNK; LINK:

e vent' com plaint' ac count' be low'

re print re straint al low be stow
pre text eon straint en dow af front
re lax dis train ba shaw con front
per plex ac quaint be dew re prove
an nex ap point es chew dis prove
de vour dis joint re new im prove
a loud a noint fore show re ply

Heavy clouds foretell a shower of rain.

The rattan is a long slender reed that grows in Java.
Good children will submit to the will of their parents.
Let your precepts be succinct and clear.
all

We elect men to make our laws for us.

Idle children neglect their books when young, and thus reject
their advantages.
The little busy bees collect honey from flowers; they never
neglect their employment.
The neck connects the head with the body.
Children should respect and obey their parents.
Parents protect and instruct their children.
Satan afflicted. Job with sore boils.
The lady instructs her pupils how to spell and read.
Teachers should try to implant good ideas in the minds ol
their pupils.
The kind mother laments the death of a dear infant.
A bashaw is a title of honor among the Turks a governor. ;

The word is now commonly spelled pasha.

" If sinners entice thee, consent thou not," but withdraw from
their company.

No. 87.—LXXXVII.
WORDS OP TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST.
7
f is cal pit' coal men' tal tim' brel
offal mor al mor tal nion grel
form al gen tral ves tal quar rel
di§ mal vas sal rev el squlr rel
char coal den tal gam brel min strel
 SPELLING-BOOK, 73
K01TJE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR J
BTTLE, FULL EXIST
J J
€=K G=J
j
; g=Z j
$!!=:(

hand sel hurt' fill eus' torn kins/man

ehis. el wist ful bot torn hunts man
dam §el lust ful platform foot man
trav ail mad am sarea§m grog ram
ten dril mill dam ml a§m cap stan
|ter lie bed lam fan tasm sil van

nos tril buck ram soph is. in tur ban

tran quil bal sam bap tism fam ine
hand bill em blem al um sar dine
wind mill prob lem lum
vel en gine
gam bol sys tern mm im mar line
sym bol pil grim nos trum er mine
foot stool king dom friis trum ver min-
pis tol sel dom tur ban jas mine
hand ful earl dom or gan rap ine
venge ful wi§ dom or phan doe trine
wish fal ven om horse man des tine
bash ful mush room ear man phal anx
skill ful tran som pen man si ren

help ful bios som ger man in grain

bliss ful phan torn church man par boil
fret ful syrnp torn work man breech ing
[hrich'ingi]
Charcoal is wood charred, or burned to a coal.
Pit coal is dug from the earth for fuel.
Never quarrel with your playmates.
A squirrel will climb a tree quicker than a boy,
A ship is a vessel with three masts.
The nose has two nostrils through which we breathe and smell
We sit in chairs and put our feet on a footstool,
The farmer sows his grain by handfuls.
Children may be helpful to their parents,
Tfcs to be a skillful workman (wurh'man).
An artist is one who is skillful in some art,
The fox is said to be an artful animal.
Little boys and girls must not be fretfuL
74 THE ELEMENTARY
Bak, last, care, fall, what: utr., pkey, thkhi:; get; kTud, marine; link;

A kingdom is a country ruled by a king.

A wise man will make a good use of his knowledge.
A chill is a symptom of fever.
The chewing of tobacco is a useless habit.

No. 88.—LXXXVIII.
WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST.

boat' swain fore' top re' gress

chief tain main top c y press
neti ter chain ber fa mous
pew ter shoul der spl nous
bea ver mold er vi nous
eleav er ran £er '
se rous
weav er man ger po rous
sew er striin ger 111trous
lay er dan ger griev ous
prayer ful 91 pher treat ment
may or twl light wain scot
6 yer moon light main mast
eol ter day light hind most
rno hair sky light fore most
trai tor fore sight sign post
home ward por trait by law
out ward bow sprit rain bow
wa ge§ ti dingg fly blow
breech e§ do iligg fea lix
\hric7t'cz]
moor ingg phe nix
cray on fire arms. re flux
a corn twee zer§ week day
home spun heed less Fri day
snow drop e gress pay day
The boatswain takes care of the ship's rigging.
Pewter is made chiefly of tin and lead.
The fur of the beaver makes the best hats.
The weaver weaves vara into cloth.
 SPELLING- BOOK. •
75
MOVT-. h (W WO IF, FOOT MOON, OK J
RTJXE, PTTLL ; EXIST ; €= K
= G=J S == Z
JL
|
on = SH.

Oak-trees produce acorns, and little animals eat them.

Spring is the first season of the year.
The planet Saturn has a bright ring around it.
The mason puts a layer of mortar between bricks.
Tbe mayor of a city is the chief magistrate.
Judas was a traitor he betrayed his master
: ; that is, he gave
him up to his enemies.
The hair that is over the forehead is called a foretop.
The farmer feeds his horse in a manger.
We should be attentive and helpful to strangers.
Fire-arms were not known a few hundred years ago.
Intemperance is a grievous sin of our country.
Parents deserve the kind treatment of children,
T.t United States have a large extent of sea-coast.
The rainbow is a token that the world will not be drowned
. again, but that the regular seasons will continue*
A portrait is a picture bearing the likeness of a person^
ohair is made of camels' hair,
Pay the laborer his wages when he has done his work.
Prayer a duty, but it is in vain to pray without a sincere
is

desire of heart to obtain what we pray for to repeat the ;

words of a prayer, without such desire, is solemn mockery.

Ho. 89.—LXXXIX
WOKDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND.

da ress' ea ress' dis tress' ro bust

a mass ad dress as sess ad just
re pass re dress pos sess un just
sur pass ag gress a miss in trust
t'ui rass trans gress re miss dis trust
mo rass de press dis miss mis trust
ae cess re press em boss un mixt
re c ess im press a €ross be twixt
ex cess op press dis euss a vert
f;On fess sup press a€ «oat sub vert
mi less ex press e£ haust re vert
76 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, •elBE, F^LL, WHAT; HER, PEEY, THERE; GET; BIRD, MARINE; LINK;

7 7 7 7
di vert im port , v. €on trast , v. di vest
€on vert, v. eom port a midst in vest
per vert, v. sup port in test be quest
a lert trans port, v. sug gest re quest
in ert re §6rt di gest, v. sub sist
ex pert as sort be hest de sist
de §ert de tort mo lest in sist
in sert re tort ar rest «on sist
as sert eon tort. de test per sist
es €ort, v. dis tort -eon test, v. as sist
de port ex tort, v. pro test, v. un twist
re port un hurt at test re §ist

The miser amasses riches, and keeps his money where it will
do no good.
Confess your sins and forsake them.
Unless you study you will not learn.
The fond mother loves to caress her babe.
Paul addressed Felix upon the subject of a future judgment
Bridges are made across rivers.
An unjust judge may gwe a false judgment.
William Tell was an expert, archer.
The fearful man will desert his post in battle.
Wolves infest new countries and destroy the sheep.
We detest robbers and pi rates.

No. 90.—XC.
WORDS OF FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND,
a, IN A FINAL SYLLABLE ENDING IN ate, IF UNMARKED,
HAS NOT ITS FULL LONG SOUND.

trien'nial sep ten'ni al lixiv'ium

lix iv i al sex ten ni al e ques tri an
mil len ni al ter res tri al er ate
il lit

quad ren ni al «ol lat er al a dul ter ate

per en ni al de lir i um as sev er ate
 SPELLING-BOOK. 77
HOVE, BOX, WQLF, FOOT, MOON, OB BTXE,
; PtTLL J EJIST ; €=K J
G= J J
S=Z ; CU=SH.

de 9em rad7 i cate ac com' mo date

/
vi rate e
x
e lab o rate £er tif i cate €om men su rate*
corroborate indelicate investigate
in vig or ate pre var i cate ate re tal i

de lin e ate au then ti cate ate con 91I i

e vap o rate do mes ti cate ca lum ni ate
in ac cu rate prog nos ti cate de mon stra tive
ca pa9 i tate in tox i -eate de riv a tive
re sus 9i tate" re 9ip ro cate con serv a tive
de bil i tate e quiv o cate de fin i tive
fa qi\ i tate in val i date in fin i tive
de cap i tate con sol i date re trib ti tive
pre 9ip i tate in tim i date con sec vl tive
in def i nite di lap i date ex ec ti tive
1 triennial assembly is one which continues three years, or is
held once in three years,
rhe Parliament of Great Britain is septennial, that is, formed
once in seven years,
rhe sun will evaporate water on the ground,
[t is difficult to eradicate vicious habits.
Never retaliate an injury, even on an enemy.
Never equivocate or prevaricate, but tell the plain truth.
A. definitive sentence is one that is final.

Liquors that intoxicate are to be avoided as poison.

Love and friendship conciliate favor and esteem.

No. 91.— XCI.

WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND.
ac quire' per spire' re quire' ex plore'
ad mire sus pire in quire re store
as pire ex pire es quire se cure
re spire de sire a dore pro cure
trans pire re tire be fore ob scure
in spire en tire de plore en dure
con spire at tire im plore ab jure
* Pronounced corn men' shoo rate.
78 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €AKE, FALL, WVt*>l HER, PRST, THERE ; GET; bTp.D, MARINE; LINK;

ad jure' pro mote' re ceive im peach'

al lure de note per ceive ap proach
de mure re fute de rive en eroach
im mure eon fute de prive re proach
ma nure sa lute ar rive be seech
in ure di lute eon trive eon geal
im pure pol lute re vive re peal
as sure (shur) vo lute sur vive ap peal
ma tiire per mute un glue re veal
de cease €om pute al lude gen teel
de crease de pute re bate as sail
re lease dis pute un true out sail
in urease be have re move de tail, v.

pre else en slave be hoove re tail, v.

•eon cise for gave ap prove en tail

mo rose en grave ae -erue eur tail
jo eose de prave dis seize a vail
im brue sub due ap prige •pre vail
dis course in due as size be wail
u nite a chieve re lief 1

eon trol
ig nite ag grieve be hoof en roll
in vite re prieve a loof pa trol
re mote re trieve re proof ob lige
People admire the beautiful flowers of spring
The rainbow excites our admiration.
Men acquire property by industry and economy; but it i:
more easy to acquire property than to keep it.
Farmers put manure on their fields to enrich the land and
obtain good crops.
The light on this side of the moon, increases all the time
from new to full moon and then it decreases till it be
;

comes new moon again and so it continues increasing and

;

decreasing.
Wise farmers contrive to procure a good living, by honest
labor, and commonly succeed.
It is not honorable to dispute about trifles.
 SPELLING-BOOK. 79
BOTE, SON, WOLF, TOOT, MOON, oe rule, pull EXIST
; ; ; €=K g=j
; ; s =z ; <JH=SH.

\. field requires a good fence to secure the crops.

riie clouds often obscure the sky in the night, and deprive us
of the light of the moon and stars.
iTou must not try to deceive your parents,
rhe buds of the trees survive the winter and when the ; warm
sun shines, in the spring, the leaves and blossoms come
fsith upon the trees, the grass revives, and springs up from
the ground.
3efore you rise in the morning or retire at night, give thanks
to God for his mercies, and implore the continuance of his
protection.

No. 92.— XC II.

WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND.
be tween' sus tain' en twine' re vere'
ea reen ea jole post pone se vere
earn pai<m eon sole de throne eom peer
ar ran/n pis tole en throne ea reer
or dain mis rule a tone bre vier
dis dain hu mane je June bab don
re gain in sane tii une buf foon
corn plain ob scene eom mune dra goon
ex plain gan grene at tune rae eoon
a main ter rene es eape doub loon
ab stain eon vene e lope bal loon
do main eom bine de elare gal loon
re frain de fine in snare shal loon
re strain re fine de spair platoon
dis train eon fine pre pare lam poon
-eon strain sa line re pair har poon
•eon tain de eline eom pare mon soon
bb tain ea nine im pair bas soon
de tain re pine sin cere fes toon
per tain su pine ad here pol troon
at tain en shrine eo here dis. own
dis tain di vine aus tere un £nown
80 THE ELEMENTARY
BAE, LAST, CARE, FALL, WHAT ; HER, 1'KEY, THERE; GET; IilKP, MAkTne; LINK J

un sown a light a wait €on tour

a do de light de ceit be slde§
out do a right re ceipt eon ceit
a go af frigkl re lieve a mour
When the moon passes between the earth and the sun, we call
it new but you must not think that it is more new at that
;

time, than it was when it was full we mean, that it begins ;

anew to show us the side on which the sun shines. God

ordained the sun to rule the day and the moon and starei ;

to give light by night.

The laws of nature are sustained by the immediate presence
and agency of God.
The heavens declare an Almighty power that made them.
The science of astronomy explains the causes of day and nightj
and why the sun, and moon, and stars appear to change theii
places in the heavens.
Air contains the vapors that rise from the earth and it sus- ;

tains them, till they fall in dews, and in showers of rain, oil
in snow or hail.
Grape-vines entwine tlieir tendrils round the branches of trees^
Laws made to restrain the bad, and protect
are the good.
Glue will make pieces of wood adhere.
The careful ant prepares food for winter.
We often compare childhood to the morning : morning is the
first part of the day, and childhood is the first stage of hiu
man life.
Do not postpone till to-morrow what you should do to-day.
A harpoon is an instrument for striking whales.
Monsoon is a wind in the East Indies, that blows six months
from one quarter, and then six months from another.
Be careful to keep your house in good repair.
Refrain from all evil keep no company with immoral men.
;

Never complain of unavoidable calamities.

Let all your words be sincere, and never deceive.
A poltroon is an arrant coward, and deserves the contempt of
all brave men.
Never practice deceit, for this is sinful.
To revere a father, is to regard him with fear mingiea with
respect, and affection.
Brevier is a small kind of printing letter.
 SPELLING BOOK. 81
MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OK \ BTTLE, PULL EXIST
*
; €=K G=J g=Z
; ; j
£H=8K.

So, 93.— XCIII.

WORDS OF FOUR SYLLABLES, THE FULL ACCENT ON THE THIRD,
AND A WEAK ACCENT ON THE FIRST.
an te ged' ent mal e fae' tor
dis a gree merit
'
ben e fac tor
gir cum ja cent met a phy§ ics
re en forge ment math e mat ics
pre en gage ment dis in her it
en ter tain ment ev a nes gent
in eo her ent con va les cent
in de ci sive ef flo res gent
su per vi sor cor res pond ent
eon ser va tor in de pend ent
des pe ra do re im burse ment *

bas ti na do dis con tent ment

brag ga do ci o 0**N| om ni preg ent
mis de mean or in ad vert ent
ap pa ra tus pre eg 1st ent
af fi da vit co eg ist ent
eg ul ta tion in ter mit tent
ad a man tine > in ter mar ry
man li fact tire 6 ver shad 6w
su per struct ure ac gi dent al
per ad vent ure in gi dent al
met a mor phose o ri ent al
in nu en do '
fun da ment al
su per car go or na ment al
in ter nun ci o >
r *hi-o) sac ra ment al *

ar ma dil lo reg i ment al

man i fes to det ri ment al
laza ret to ' mon u ment al
disen cum ber in stru ment al
pred e ges sor •
hor i zon tal
in ter ges sor dis a vow al
82 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €ARE, FALL, "VFHAT; HER, PREY, THERE; GET', BIRD, MARINE; LIJfK ",

Gage is a French word, and signifies to pledge.

The banks engage to redeem their notes with specie, and they
are obliged to fulfill their engagements.
To preengage means engage beforehand.
to
I am
not at liberty to purchase goods which are pivengaged
to another person.
To disengage, is to free from a previous engagement.
A mediator is a third person who interposes to adjust a dis-
pute between parties at variance.
How can a young man cleanse his way ?
Oh, how love I Thy law
No. 94.— X CIV.
WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST,
LEFT UNMARKED FOR EXERCISE IN NOTATION.
NOUNS. NOUNS. ADJECTIVES.
1

mon
k

em' na por'rin ger du' te ous

•
et y mon stom a cher a que ous
grid roni ob se quies dubi ous
and i ron prom i ses te di ous
skel e ton com pass es o di ous
sim pie ton in dex es stu di ous
buf fa lo am ber gris co pi ous
cap ri corn em pha sis ca ri ous
cat i co di o cese * se ri ous

in di go o li o glo ri ous
ver ti go o ver plus cu ri ous
cal i ber pu is sance fu ri ous
bed cham ber nu cle us spu ri ous
'

cm na bar ra di us lu mi nous
of fi cer ter mi nus glu ti nous
col an der blun der buss mu ti nous
lav en der * syl la bus ru in ous
prov en der in cu bus lu di crous
-cyl in der ver bi age dan ger ous
in te ger ^ Sir i us hid e ous
scav en ger cal a mus in fa mous
har bin ger 1
mit ti mus ster to rous
 SPELLING BOOK, 83
MOVE, SON, -WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ;
ETTLE, pull ejibt €- =k; g=j; »=z; ^h=9Hc
; ; ;

5nu' mer ous rav' eo ous vig' or ous

o dor ous om i nous val or ous
^hu mor ous res in ous am or ous
fei ot ous glut ton ous clam or ous
trai tor ous bar ba rous tim or ous
per vi ous ul cer ous sul phur ous
treach er ous slan der ous vent ur ous
haz ard ous pon der ous rapt ur ous
pit e ous mur der ous ar du ous
plen te ous gen er ous mis chiev ous
.im pi ous pros p er ous stren u ous
vii lain ous *
ran cor ous sin u ous
mem bra nous rig or ous tyr an nous
*

No, 95.- -xcv,

WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED < )N THE SECOND,
;
|
ap peage' re poge es cheat'' re hear
-
dis pleage pro poge re peat be smear
|dig eage im poge en treat ap pear
e rase com poge re treat tat too
pre mige trans poge un loose en trap
\
sur mige a buge, Vo de bauch in wrap v

:
de spige ac cuge re call un ship
a rige ex cuge, v be fall e quip
com prige re fuge with al en cam}
chas tige ef fuge fore stall de camp;
ad vige dif fuge fore want
un stop
de vige suf fuge de u gurp
fault
jre vige in fuge as sault un clasp
•
dis gmge con fuge pa paw de bar
fore cloge a muge with draw un bar
;
in cloge re cruit a sleep a far
dis cloge de feat en dear ap plauge
84 THE ELEMENTARY
bXb, lAst, cIre, fall, wii^t: nER, prey, there; get; bird, marine; link;

No. 96.—XCVI.
MONOSYLLABLES IN TH.
OWING WORDS, til HAS THE ASPIRATED SOUND,
AS IN THINK, THIN,
theme thole troth tilth
three throe north smith
thane throve sloth truths
thrice teeth thought thaw
throne threw (throo) thorn thrall
throw thrive throb thwart
truth meath *
throng warmth
youth thread thong swath
heath thresh thing path
ruth thrift think bath
sheath thrust thin lath
both thrum thank wrath
oath depth thick hearth
quoth width thrill tooth
growth filth thumS birth
blowth frith thump mirth
forth plinth length third
fourth spilth strength thirst
thief thwack hath thirl
thieve broth withe worth
faith sloth thatch month
thigh froth thill south
throat loth theft mouth
doth moth thrush drouth
IN THE FOLLOWING, THE NOUNS HAVE THE ASPIRATED, AND
THE TERES THE VOCAL SOUND OP til.
NOUNS. VERBS. NOUNS.
sloth elothe sheath sheafhe
bath bathe wreath wreathe
mouth mouth swath swathe
breath breathe teeth teeth
 SPELLING BOOK. 35
MOVE, BOX, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OK ; RrLK, PULL J
EXIST ; €=K Q—i
; ; S =Z ; f!H=8H.

Cambric is a kind of thin muslin.

A firewas burning on the hearth.
Many kings have been thrown down from their thrones.
A tiger has great strength, and is very ferocious.
A manly youth will speak the truth.
Keep your mouth clean, and save your teeth.
The water in the canal is four feet in depth.
A tooth-brushis good to brush your teeth.

The length of a square figure is equal to its breadth.

The breadth of an oblong square is less than its length.
Plants will not thrive among thorns and weeds.
The thresher threshes grain, as wheat, rye, oats.
A severe battle thins the ranks of an army.
Youth may be thoughtful, but it is not very common.
One good action is worth many good thoughts.
A piece of cloth, if good, is worth what it will bring.
Drunkards are worthless fellows, and despised.
Bathing-houses have baths to bathe in.
We breathe fresh air at every breath.

No. 97.— XCVII.

WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST.

baF last eom'plex Tiies/day ver'y

fil bert ver tex WeY?ne§ day clriz zly
€on cert vor tex Thur§ day grig ly
4

ef fort -eon vex mid way guilty

pur port lar ynx g^ng way pan §y
trail seript af flux path way fren zy
eon seript eon flux es say quin §y
bank nipt ef flux eom fort gip sy
eld est in flux eov ert tip sy \

neph ew* eon text bom bast drop sy

sin ew bow line eourt ship serub by
land tax mid day flim §y shrub by
syn tax Sun day eliim §y stub by
in dex Mon day swel try nut meg
* Pronounced nef yu.
86 THE ELEMENTARY
BAR, LA3T, €ARE, FALL, WHAT*, HER, PREY, THERE; GET; BIRD, MARINE; LINK;

off ing say

hear'' dai' ly frail'
ty
stuff" ing drear y dai§y dain ty
bri ny wear y ea§y earn brie
no§e gay , que ry trea ty shoul der

No. 98.— XC VIII.

IN THE FOLLOWING, THE O OF THE DIGRAPH OW HAS ITS
FIRST OR LONG SOUND.

bor' row bii'low har'row win7 dow

el bow hoi low spar row win now
fel low ar row yar row wil low
fol low far row yel low in el low
•eal low nar row tal low mor row
mead ow mal low fallow sor row
shad ow pil low shal low bur row
hal low rain now furrow swal low
bel low mar row wid ow wal low
Filberts are small nuts growing in hedges.
A ship or boat must have ballast to prevent it from over-
setting.
The sinews are the tendons that move the joints of the body.
The tendon of the heel is the main sinew that moves the
foot.
From the shoulder to the elbow there is only one bone in the
arm, but from the elbow to the hand there are two bones.
The light is on one side of the body, and the shadow on the
other.
In old times there was no glass for windows.
The farmer winnows chaff from the grain.
The callow young means the young bird before it has feath-
ers.

Fallow ground is that which has lain without being plowed

and sowed.
A shallow river will not float ships. Some places in the Ohio
are at times too shallow for large boats.
Cattle in South America are hunted for their hides and
tallow.
 SPELLING BOOK. 87
mote, son, wolf, foot, moon, ob ; bttle, pull ; EjisT ;€=k;o=j;s=z; oh=sh.

Tallow is the fat of oxen, cows, and sheep

Apples and peaches are ripe when they are mellow, but hard
apples keep better than mellow ones*
The bull bellows and paws the ground.
Friday is just as lucky a day as any other,

No. 99.— XCIX.

WORDS OP TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIBST,

ra§ tire wee' vii mourn' fill sports' man

seiz ure *
snow ball fear ful brain pan
trea tise bride well cheer ful mon ster
like wi§e mole hill right ful free stone
door ease fe rine • fruit ful mile stone
stair ease mind ful boast ful grave stone
sea horse peace ful aw ful hail stone
bri dal hate ful law ful hy phen *

feti dal wake ful play day au tunm

oat meal gmle ful thrall dom au burn
spi ral dole ful watch man sauce pan
flo ral shame ful watch ful war fare
neu. tral bane ful free dom lag He
plti ral tune ful bo §om serv lie
port al hope ful luke warm dae tyl •
bru tal eare ful tri form due tile
vi tal ire ful glow worni mis sile
e qual dire ful de i§m doc lie
sur feit* use ful oak um rep tile
an gel grate ful quo rum fer tile
an cient spite ful stra turn hos tile

wea §el *
waste ful sea man sex tile

jew el faith ful free man flex lie

new el •
youth ful fore man verd ure
erew el
'

gain ful yeo man* ord iire

Ihru'eZ] pain ful sales, man fig ure
tre foil spoon ful states man in jure
gg THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €ARE, FALL, WHAT; HER, PREY, TIIKRE ; SET; BIRD, MARINE; LINK ;

7 7 7
eon 7 jure fraet ure mor tise' leg ate
per jure
*
eult tire prae tice frig ate
pleas, ure fixt tire trav erse in grate
mea§ lire earn phor ad verse phy§ ie
trea§ tire grand sire pack horse jon quil
cen sure - prom Ise ref use sub tile
press tire an ise' man date fer ule
fis stire tur key ag ate eon dor
A treatise is a written composition on some particular sub-
ject.
Oatmeal is the meal of oats, and is very good food.
An egg is nearly oval in shape.
A newel is the post round which winding stairs are formed
Crewel is a kind of yarn, or twisted worsted.
A jewel is often hung in the ear. The Jews formerly wore,
and some nations still wear, jewels in the nose.
Trefoil is a grass of three leaves.
Weevils in grain are very destructive vermin.
To be useful is more honorable than to be showy.
A hyphen is a little mark between syllables or words, thus,
bookcase, co-operate.
A spiral line winds and rises at the same time.
It is a mean act to deface the figures on a milestone.
No pleasure is equal to that of a quiet conscience.
Let us lay up for ourselves treasures in heaven, where neither
moth nor rust can corrupt.

No. 100.— C.
WORDS OF FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND,
ad vent7 tir otis * pre cip
7
i totis
$
a non y mous *
ne ces si tous
1
sy non y mous am phib i ous
un gen er ous mi rae u lous
mag nan i mous a nal o gous
ti nan i mous per fid i ous
as par a gus fas tid i ous
 SPELLING BOOK. 89
MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OB ; BTTLE, »ull
] ; exist ; €=k o=j §=z
; ; ; oh = sh.

in sid' i oils in teT gent li

in vid i ous ma lev o lent

€on spie u ous be nev o lent
per spi-e u ous pre di€ a ment
pro mis eu ous dis par age ment
as sid ous
u. en -eoiir age ment ;

am big ous u. en fran chi§e ment

€on tig ti ous dis fran chi§e ment
mel lif lu ous en tan gle ment
su per flu ous
'

a€ knowl edg ment

in gen u. ous es tab lish ment
€on tin u. ous * em bel lish ment
in eon gru ous ae -eom plish ment
im pet ti ous as ton ish ment
tu mult ti ous i re lm quish ment
vo lupt ti ous im ped ment i

tern pest ti ous ha bil ment i

sig nif i eant im pri§ on ment

ex trav a gant em bar rass ment
pre dom i nant in teg ti ment
in tol er ant e mol u ment
i tin er ant pre em
nent i

inhab it ant in €on nent ti

eon eom i tant im per ti nent

ir rel e vant in dif fer ent
be nef i gent ! ir rev er ent
mag nif i cent om nip o tent
mu nif i cent mel lif lu ent
eo in dent
ci clr €iim flu ent
non res. i dent x
ae €ou ter ment
im prov i dent eom mti ni -cant
An anonymous author writes without signing his name to his
composition.
Synonymous words have the same signification. Very few
words in English are exactly synonymous.
90 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €ABE, FALL, WHAT; HEE, PEHY, THKEE ; GET; BIBD, MA BINE ; LINK |

Precipitous signifies steep ; the East and West rocks in New

Haven are precipitous.
An amphibious animal can live in different elements. The
frog lives in air, and can live in water for a long time.
A miraculous event is one that can not take place according
to the ordinary laws of nature. It can take place only by
the agency of divine power,
Assiduous study will accomplish almost any thing that iei
within human power*
An integument is a cover. The skin is the integument of ani-
mal bodies. The bones also have integuments.
—
Young persons are often improvident far more improviden*
than the little ants,

No. ioi.— ci.

WORDS OF FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND;
AND LEFT UNMARKED,
as per' i ty do ciF i ty e nor' mi ty
se ver i ty a gil ty
i ur ban i ty
pros per i ty fra gil i ty cu pid i ty
v
aus ter i ty ni hil i ty tur gid i ty
dex ter i ty hu mil i ty va lid ty
i

in teg ri ty ste ril i ty ca lid ty

i

ma jor i ty vi ril i ty so lid i ty

pri or i ty N
scur ril i ty ti mid i ty

mi nor i ty due til i ty hu mid i ty

v
plu ral i ty gen til i ty ra pid i ty
fa tal ty
i fer til i ty stu pid i ty
vi tal i ty hos til i ty a rid i ty
mo ral i ty s no rid i ty
tran qui! li ty
mor tal i ty ser vil i ty fe cun di ty
bru tal i ty*
pro pin qui ty ro tun di ty
& del i ty ca lam i ty com mod i ty j

sta bil i ty ex trem i ty ab surd i ty

mo bil i ty sub lim i ty lo cal i ty
no bil i ty prox im i ty vo cal i ty
fa cil i ty con form i ty ras cal i ty
 SPELLING BOOK. 91
MOVE, SOX, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; KVLE, PULL ; EXIST ; €=K J
G=J ; S =Z ; OH=8E.

re al' i ty de spond' en cy hy poc' ri sy

le gal i ty e mer gen cy ti moc ra cy
re gal i ty in clem en cy im pi e ty
fru gal i ty con sist en cy va ri e ty
for mal i ty in solv en cy e bri e ty
car nal i ty de lin quen cy so bri e ty
neu tral i ty , mo not o ny pro pri e ty
as cend en cy x a pos ta sy sa ti e ty

The winters in Lapland are severe. The people of that coun-

try dress in furs, to protect themselves from the severity of
the cold.
Major signifies more or greater; minor means less.
A. majority is more than half; a minority is less than half.

Plurality denotes two or more; as, a plurality of worlds.

[n grammar, the plural number expresses more than one: as,

two men, ten dogs.

A. majority of votes means more than half of them.
When we say a man has a plurality of votes, we mean he has
more than any one else.
Members of Congress and Assembly are often elected by a
plurality of votes.
Land is valued for its fertility and nearness to market.
Many parts of the United States are noted for the fertility of
the soil.

The rapidity of a stream sometimes hinders its navigation.

Consistency of character, in just men, is a trait that commands
esteem.
Humility is the prime ornament of a Christian.

No. 102. — II.

WORDS OP FIVE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND.
7
eo tern po ra ry de elam' a to ry
ex tern po ra ry ex elam a to ry
de rog a to ry in flam ma to ry^
ap pel la to ry ex plan a to ry
eon sol a to ry de elar a to ry
de fain a to ry pre par a to ry
92 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €ARE, FALL, WHAT; IIER, PREY, TIIERE ; GET; BIRD, MARINE*, LINK;

7
'
dis pen sa to ry ob §eiV a to ry
sub sid i a ry -eon serv a to ry
1
in cen di a ry pro hib it o ry
sti pen cli a ry pre mon i to ry
e pis to la ry re pos. i to ry
vo cab u. la ry sup po§ i to ry
im ag i na ry \ le git i ma cy
pre Hm i na ry in vet er a cy
con fee tion er y sub serv i en cy
v
un nee es sa ry cle gen er a cy
lie red i ta ry con fed er a cy
in vol un ta ry ef fern i na cy
re §id u a ry in del i ca cy
tu mult u a ry in hab it an ^y
vo lupt u a ry ac com pa ni ment

Addison and Pope were cotemporary authors; that is, tbej

lived at the same time.
A love of trifling amusements is derogatory to the Christiar
character.
Epistolary correspondence is carried on by letters.
Imaginary evils make no small part of the troubles of life.

Hereditary property is that which descends from ancestors.

The Muskingum is a subsidiary stream of the Ohio.
A man who willfully sets fire to a house is an incendiary.
An observatory is a place for observing the heavenly bodies
with telescopes.
An extemporary discourse is one spoken without notes or pre
meditation.
Christian humility is never derogatory to character.
Inflame, signifies to heat, or to excite.
Strong liquors inflame the blood and produce diseases.
The prudent good man will govern his passions, and not suflb]
them to be inflamed with anger.
Intemperate people are exposed to inflammatory diseases.
A conservatory is a large greenhouse for the preservation anc
culture of exotic plants.
 SPELLING BOOK, 93
[OVE, BON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OB ; R^TLE, PULL EJI6T € = K 0=J
; J ; ; 8 =Z ; CH=8H.

No. 103.— C III

ORDS OF SIX SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FOURTH, OR
ANTEPENULT.
ma te ri aT ty i com press i ty i bil
;

il lib er al i ty -com pat tyi bil i

u ni ver sal i ty de struct i bil i ty

in hos pi tal i ty per eep ti bil i ty
in stru ment al i ty re gist i bil i ty
spir it ti al i ty -eom bus ti bil i ty
im prob a bil i ty In flex i bil i ty
im pla ea bil i ty dis sim i lar i ty
mal le a bil i ty
;
par tie uty lar i

-.in flam ma bil i ty ir reg ty

ti lar i

in «apa bil i ty in fe ri or i ty
pen e tra bil i ty su pe ri or i ty
im mu ta bil i ty N
im pet ti os i ty
in ered i bil i ty gen er al is si mo
x
il leg i bil i ty dis ci plin a ri an
re fran gi bil i ty pre des ti na ri an
in fal li bil i ty r
an te di lti vi an
di vi§ i bil ty
i het e ro ge ne oils
in sen si bil i ty me di a to ri al
im pos si bil i ty in quig i to ri al

No. 104.— CIV.

WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRSTo
7
ben' e fit in tel leet sup' pli eant
al pha bet cir eum speet per ma nent
par a pet pick p5ck et mis ere ant
sum mer set flow er et ter ma gant
mm ti et lev er et el e gant
/
pol y pus pen ny weight lit i gant

im pe tus €at a pult ar ro gant

eat a raet men di eant el e phant
 THE ELEMENTARY
LAST, €AP.F,, FALL, WHAT; llEU, IM'.EY, TIIEKE J
GET; BTRI>, MAI'.Tnk; LINK;

%fe' o phant m do lent sim' i lar

'pet u lant tur bu lent pop Ci lar
ad a inant sue €ii lent tab fi lar
eov e nant fee u lent glob fi lar
€on so nant es €ii lent see u lar
per ti nent op H lent 6e u lar
tol er ant vir n lent jo€ u lar
€or mo
rant flat 0. lent cir €ii lar
ig no rant lig a ment mils €ii lar
eon ver sant par lia ment reg u lar
mil i taut fil a ment eel lu lar
ad ju tant arm a ment an im lar
rel e vant sa€ ra ment seap u lar
in no Qent test a ment spec li lar
a€ dent
ci man age ment €on su lar
in 9i dent im pie ment €ap su lar
dif fi dent €om pie ment tit u lar

eon n dent €om pli ment sub lu nar

reg i dent bat tie ment 91m e ter
preg i dent set tie ment bag i lisk
prov i dent ten e ment €an ni bal
in di gent in €re ment €och i neal
neg li gent em biy o mar tin gal
am bi ent part ner ship hos pi tal
prev a lent fel low ship ped es tal
pes ti lent €al en dar tu bu lar
ex eel lent vin e gra- ju gu lar
red o lent in su lar lu ner al

No. 105.— CV.

WORDS OP FIVE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE THIRD.
am bi gu' i ty im por tu7 ni ty
€on ti gu i ty op por tu ni ty
€on tra ri e ty per pe tu i ty
 SPELLING book. 95
OVE, SOX, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR J
RULE, PULL ; EXIST ; €=K : G=J J
8=Z ; OH=6H.

su per flu' i ty punet il al' i ty

in ere du li ty mut u al i ty
in se euty ri in fi del i ty
im ma tu tyri prob a bil i ty
per spi eu i ty in a bil ty i

as si du i ty du ra bil i ty
eon ti nu i ty dis a bil i ty
in ge nu i ty in sta bil i ty
in eon gru i ty mu ta bil i ty
fran gi bil i ty ered i bil i ty
v
fal li bil i ty tan gi bil i ty
fea §i bil i ty so cia bil i ty (so-$:ia-)
vis. i bil i ty traet a bil i ty
sen si bil i ty pla ea bil i ty
pos si bil i ty in u til i ty
plan §i bil i ty in gi vil i ty
im be eil i ty "u ni form i ty
in do cil i ty non eon form i ty
volatility •eon san gum i ty
ver sa til i ty sin gu ty lar i

ea pa bil i ty joe tity lar i

in si pid i ty reg u lar i ty

il gal i ty
le pop ti lar i ty
prod i gal i ty me di 6e ri ty
eor di al i ty in sin cer i ty
per son al i ty sin u 6s i ty
* prin gi pal i ty eu ri os i ty
lib er al i ty an i mos i ty
gen er al i ty gen er os i ty
iin mo ral i ty flex i bil i ty
hos pi tal i ty im mo bil i ty
im mor tal i ty sol u bil i ty
in e qua! i ty vol u bil i ty
sen su al i ty (sen-shu~) mag na nim i ty
96 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €AKK, FALL, WHAT; Ilfin, PREY, TIIKUF.; ©KT". T?IRP, MARINE ; LINK

u na mm' i ty phra §e 61' o gy

in hu man i ty os te ol o gy
ar istoe ra cy a er ol o gy
in ad ver ten cy no to ri e ty

No. 106.— C VI.

WORDS OP THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND.
ices sa/ tion plan ta/ tion de trae' tion
llba tion no ta tion -eon trae tion
pro ba tion ro ta tion pro trae tion
va -ea tion quo ta tion dis trae tion
lo ea tion temp ta tion ex trae tion
vo -ea tion pri va tion eon nee tion
gra da tion sal va tion af fee tion
foun da tion e qua tion eon fee tion
ere a tion vex a tion per fee tion
ne ga tion tax a tion in fee tion
pur ga tion sa na tion sub jee tion
mi gra tion eom pie tion de jee tion
ob la tion se ere tion re jee tion
re la tion eon ere tion in jee tion
trans la tion ex ere tion ob jee tion
for ma tion e mo tion pro jee tion
stag na tion pro mo tion e lee tion
dam na tion de vo tion se lee tion
ear na tion pro por tion re flee tion
vi bra tion ap por tion eol lee tion
nar ra tion ab lil tion in spee tion
pros tra tion so lu tion di ree tion
du ra tion pol lu tion eor ree tion
pul sa tion di lu tion dis see tion
sen sa tion at trae tion de tee tion
die ta tion re frae tion af file tion
91 ta tion sub trae tion re strie tion
 SPELLING BOOK. 97
MOVE, 60 N, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; F.TTLE, PULL EXIST € =
J J
9 II:
7
eon vie' tion de pres sion re ten tion
eom pul sion im pres sion eon ten tion
ex pul sion op pres sion dis ten tion
•eon vul sion sup pres sion at ten tion
ex pan sion ex pres sion inven tion
\s 9en sion pos ses sion eon ven tion
N
de S9en sion sub mis sion de 9ep tion
di men sion ad mis sion re 9ep tion
sus pen sion e mis sion eon 9ep tion
-'dis sen sion re mis sion ex 9ep tion
*pre ten sion eom mis sion per 9ep tion
sub nier sion o mis sion as erip tion
e mer sion per mis sion de serip tion
im mer sion dis mis sion in serip tion
as per sion eon eus sion pre serip tion
dis per sion dis eus sion pro serip tion
a ver sion re ae tion re demp tion
sub ver sion eon june tion eon sump tion
re ver sion in June tion a dop tion
di ver sion eom pune tion ab sorp tion
in ver sion de eoe tion e rup tion
eon ver sion eon eoe tion eor rup tion
per ver sion in frae tion de §er tion
eom pas sion ab due tion in ser tion
ae ges sion de due tion as ser tion •

se ces sion)( re due tion ex er tion

eon ges sion se due tion eon tor tion
pro 9es sion in due tion dis tor tion
eon fes sion ob strue tion /ex tine tion
pro fes sion de strue tion ex ten sion
ag gres sion in strue tion ex tor tion
di gres sion eon strue tion ir rup tion
pro gres sion de ten tion eom plex ion
re gres sion in ten tion de flux ion
98 THE ELEMENTARY
UAH, LAST, •SARIS, FALL, WHAT her, PEgy, there; get; bird, maeTne; link ;

JTo. 107.— CVII.

WORDS OF FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE THIRD.
pub li ea/ tion lit i ga/ tion dis til la/ ti on
rep li -ea tion mit i ga tion per eo la tion
im pli kd tion in sti ga tion vl o la tion
eom pli -ea tion nav i ga tion im mo la tion
ap pli -ea tion pro mul ga tion des o la tion
sup pli -ea tion pro Ion ga tion -eon so la tion
ex pli ea tion ab ro ga tion eon tern pla tion
rep ro ba tion sub ju ga tion leg is la tion
ap pro ba tion fas ci na tion tribu la tion
per tur ba tion me di a tion pee u la tion
in eu ba tion pal li a tion spee u. la tion
ab di -ea tion ex pi a tion eal eu la tion
ded i ea tion va ri a tion cir -eu la tion
med i ta tion de vi a tion mod u la tion
in diea tion ex ha la tion reg u la tion
vin di ea tion eon ge la tion gran u la tion
del e ga tion mu ti la tion stip ii la tion
ob li ga tion in stal la tion pop u la tion
al le ga tion ap pel la tion grat u la tion
ir ri ga tion -eon stel la tion re tar da tion

Legislation is the enacting of laws, and a legislator is one who

makes laws.
C4od is the divine legislator. He proclaimed his ten com-
mandments from Mount Sinai.
In free governments the people choose their legislators.
We have legislators for each State, who make laws for thei
State where they live. The town in which they meet to
legislate, is called the seat of government. These legisla-
tors, when they are assembled to make laws, are called the!
legislature.
The people should choose their best and wisest men for their i

legislators.
It is the duty of every good man to inspect the moral conduct
 SPELLING BOOK. 99
MOTE, S<3>- WOLF, FOOT MOON, OB ErLE, PULL ; EXIST ; € = = K
, ; 0- =J §=z CU =SH.

of the man "who is offered as a legislator at our yearly elec-

tions. If the peoj)le wish for good laws, they may have
them, by electing good men.
The legislative councils of the United States should feel their
dependence on the will of a free and virtuous people.
Our farmers, mechanics, and merchants, compose the strength
of our nation. Let them be wise and virtuous, and watch-
ful of their liberties. Let them trust no man to legislate
for them, if he lives in the habitual violation of the laws
of his country.

No. 108.— C VIII.

WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED OX THE FIRST.
7
def' i nite des' ti tute mi €ro seope
ap po §ite in sti tute an te lope
op po §ite €on sti tute pro to type
in fi nite pros ti tute hem is phere
hyp o erite pisos e lyte at mos phere
par a site bar be €tie -eoni mo dore
6b so lete res. i due sye a more
ex pe dite ves ti bule vol a tile
re€ on dite rid i -eule k yer sa tile
sat el lite mils €a dine mer €an tile
er e mite brig an tine In fan tile
ap pe tite -eal a mine dis ci pline
an ee dote eel an dine mas €u line
pros e eiite ser pen tine fern ninei

per se eute tiir pen tine ne« tar ine

ex e eute por €u pine gen ti ine
ab so ltite an o dyne ber yl line
dis so lute tel e seope fa vor ite
sub sti tute hor o S€ope pti er lie

A.n anecdote is a short story, or the relation of a particular

incident.
Ridicule is not often the test of truth.
100 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, •CASE, fall, what; nEs, pbky, thkre; gkt; bTbd, mar'ine; link;

No. 109 .— CIX.

WOKDS OF TWO SYLLABLES ACCENTED ON THE SECOND,
,

eon dense' re golve' re mark' eon fer'

im mense dig golve un mask trans fer
de fense e volve ea bal se cern
pre pense de volve re bel con cern
of fense re volve fare well dis cern*
dis pense eon volve un furl sub orn
pre tense a bode de form a dorn
col lapse un nerve re form for lorn j

im merse ob gerve in form ad journ

as perse sub serve con form re turn
dis perse de serve per form fore run
a verse re serve trans form era vat
re verse pre serve eon denm eo quett
in verse eon serve in ter a baft
eon verse her self a ver be set
per verse my self ab hor a loft
trans verse at tach oc cur un apt
in dorse de tach in cur con tempt
re morse en rich con cur at tempt
un horse re trench re cur a dopt
dis burse in trench de mur ab rupt
de terge dis patch a las cor rupt
di verge mis match a mend a part
mis give a fresh de fer de part
out live re fresh re fer im part
for give de bark pre fer a mong
ab golve em bark in fer be long
The immense distances from us. They are so
fixed stars are at
we can not measure the number of miles.
distant that
When fogs and vapors rise from the earth, and ascend one or
two miles high, they come to a cold part of the air. The
* Pronounced diz-zem'. f Pronounced co-ket'.
 SPELLING BOOK. 101
MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OE ",
ETTLE, PCXI.; EXIST J
«=K ©=J S=Z
; ; ;
£H=SH.

cold there condenses these vapors into thick clouds, which

fall in showers ot rain.

Noah and his family outlived all the people who lived before
the flood.
The brave sailors embark on board of ships, and sail over the
great and deep sea.
The time will soon come when we must bid a last farewell to
this world.
The bright stars without number adorn the skies.
When our friends die, they will never return to us but we ;

must soon follow them.

God will forgive those who repent of their sins, and live a
holy life.
Thy testimonies, O Lord, are very sure; holiness becometh
thine house for ever.
Do not attempt to deceive God nor to mock him with solemn
;

words, whilst your heart is set to do evil.

A holy life will disarm death of its sting.
God will impart grace to the humble penitent.

No. 110.— CX.

WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND.

de mean' or re tire' merit

re main der ac quire ment
en tice ment im peach ment
en forge ment en croach ment
di vorce ment €on ceal ment
in duce ment con geal ment
a gree ment at tain ment
en gage ment de po nent
de file ment op po nent
in cite ment com po nent
ex cite ment ad ja gent
re fine ment in de gent
con fine ment vice ge rent
e lope ment en roll ment
102 THE ELEMENTARY
BAR, LAST, €ARE, FALL, WHAT.- HER, PREY there; get; bTp.p, marine; link;

im pru/ dent de part' ment

in her ent ad just ment
ad her ent in vest ment
eo her ent a but ment
at tend ant as sist ant
as 9 end ant in ges sant
de fend ant re luc tant
in tes tines. im por tant
pro bos gis re gist ant
el lip sis in con stant
syn op sis in cum bent
corn niand ment pu tres gent
a mend ment trans cend ent
bom bard ment de pencl ent
en hange ment in dul gent
ad vange ment re ful gent
a merge ment ef ful gent
in fringe ment e mul gent
de tach ment as triii gent
at tach ment re strin gent
in trench ment e rner gent
re trench ment de ter gent
re fresh ment ab hor rent
dig cern ment {-zem'-) con cur rent
pre fer ment con sist ent
a mass ment re §6lv ent
al lot ment de lin quent
a part ment re cum bent
Demeanor signifies behavior or deportment.
Remainder is that which remains or is left.
An enticement is that which al ures.
Divorcement signifies an entire separation.
Elopement is a running away or private departure.
Impeachment signifies accusation.
Retirement is a withdrawing fr om company.
 SPELLING BOOK 103
MOVE, SOX, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OE J
BTJLE, PULL EXIST € = K G
J J ; J ; s = z OH=e
;

A deponent is one who makes oath to any thing.

A vicegerent .is one who governs in place of another.
A proboscis is a long tube or snout from the mouth or jaw.
An ellijjsis is an omission of a word.
Amercement is a penalty imposed for a wrong done, not a
fixed fine, but at the mercy of the court
A synopsis is a collective view of things.
Refulgent is applied to things that shine.
A contingent event is that which happens, or which is not
expected in the common course of things.

Ho. 111.— CXI.

WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. a,
UNMARKED, IN THE TERMINATION ate, HAS AN OBSCURE
OR SHORTENED SOUND OF LONG a, LIKE SHORT e.
7
des' o late, v. in ti mate, v. ven r er ate
ad vo eate, v. es ti mate, v. tern per ate
ven ti late fas ci nate op er ate
tit il late or di nate as per ate
sgin til late ful mi nate des per ate
per €0 late nom i nate it er ate
Im mo late ger mi nate em i grate
spee ti late per son ate trans mi grate
•eal €ii late pas sion ate as pi rate, v.
cir -eii late fort u nate dee o rate
mod u late dis si pate per fo rate
reg il late sep a rate, v. eor po rate
tin du late eel e brate pen e trate
em u late des e erate per pe trate
stim ti late eon se erate ar bi trate
gran fi late ex e erate ae eu rate
stip il late ver ber ate lam i nate
eop il late fri cer ate in du rate, v.
pop u late mod er ate, v. sat il rate
eon su late ag gre gate sits ci tate

siib li mate, v, ver te brate med i tate

an i mate, v. gen er ate im i tate
104 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €ARE, FALL, WHAT; HBE, PRKY, THERE GET
J J
B?RI>, MARINE; LINK;

Ir'ri tate saTi vate sit' ti ate

lies, i tate eul ti vate est ti site

grav i tate eap ti vate ex pi ate

am pu tate ren o vate de vi ate
ex ea vate in no vate vi o late
ag gra vat< ad e quate ru mi nate
grad u ate fliiet u ate lu eu brate
An advocate is one who defends the cause or opinions of an-
other, or who maintains a party in opposition to another.
Ardent spirits stimulate the system for a time, but leave it
more languid.
Men often toil all their lives to get property, which their
children dissipate and waste.
We should emulate the virtuous actions of great and good
men.
Moderate passions are most conducive to happiness, and mod-
erate gains are most likely to be durable.
Abusive words irritate the passions, but "a soft answer turn-
eth away wrath."
Discontent aggravates the evils of calamity.
Violent anger makes one unhappy, but a temperate state of the
mind is pleasant.

No. 112.— CXII.

WORDS OF TWO SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST. aill,
UNMARKED, IS SOUNDED AS ill Ot, UNMARKED, AS
; tit.
7
chil' blain an' nal§ man ner§ end less
vil lain en trailg nip per§ zeal oils
mort main mit tens, sci§ §or§ jeal ous
plant ain sum mon§ ear eass pomp ousa
ver vain for ceps eut lass won clrous
eiir tain pinch er§ eom pass lep rous
dol phin glan der§ mat rass mon strous
some time§ jaun dice mat tress nerv ous
tress e§ sniif fer§ ab §cess tor ment
trap pingg stag gerg lar aress vest ment
 SPELLING BOOK. 105
MOVE, SON", WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OK ; RTTLE, PULL EXIST € = K
; J ; (k —J J
S =Z ; OH=8H.
;
ser' pent solv ent fag' ot red' hot
tor rent con vent mag got zeal ot
eur rent fer ment big ot tap root
ab sent sun burnt spig ot grass plot
pre§ ent ab bot in got buck et
ad vent tiir bot blood shot bu. gloss
Chilblains are sores caused by cold.
i curtain used to bide something from the view.
is

Hie colors of the dolphin in the water are very beautiful.

rhe ladies adorn their heads and necks with tresses.
i matrass is a chemical vessel used for distilling, etc. but a ;

mattress is a quilted bed.

innals are history in the order of years.
i cutlass is a broad curving sword.
1 largess is a donation or gift.
1 bigot is one who is too strongly attached to some religion,
or opinion,
in abscess is a collection of matter under the skin,
jrood manners are always becoming; ill manners are evidence
of low breeding.
i solvent is that which dissolves something. Warm tea and
coffee are solvents of sugar.
an adjective, signifies able to pay all debts.
Solvent,
1 summons is a notice or citation to appear.

No. 113.— C XIII.

WORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST.

caT o mel aT eo hoi gar' ni ture

eft a del vit ri ol fur ni ture
in delfi par a sol sep ul ture
sen nel ti si ne cure par a dlse
mack er el ep i cure mer chan di§e
cock er el lig a ture en ter pri§e
J
cod i cil sig na ture hand ker chief
dom i cile cur va ture [hank'er cMf]

daf fo dii for feit lire sem i breve

106 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €AKE, FALL, WHAT; HER, PREY, THERE GET; ; BIRD, MARINE; LINK;
7
an' ti pode Stygian way far ing
ree om pense hurt u. Ian fu gi tive
hoi ly hock hu§ band man pu ni tive
al ka ll gen tie man nu tri tive
hem i stieh mus sul man e go ti§m
au to graph alder man pro to €ol
par a graph jour ney man du pli -eate
ep i taph bish op rie ro §e ate
av e nue €ler gy man fu mi gate
rev e nue eoiin try man me di ate, v.
ret i nue vet er an me um di
des pot i§nr al eo ran 6 di um
par ox y§m won der ful o pi um
mi cro €0§m sor row ful pre mi um
mm mum i an a gram . spo li ate
pend ti lum ep gram
i o pi ate
max i mum mon o gram o vert ure
tym pa num di a gram ju. ry man

pel i -ean u ni verse Pu ri tan

g^ar di an sea far ing phil o mel
Calomel is a preparation of. mercury made by sublimation, that

is, by being raised into vapor by heat and then condensed.

A citadel is a fortress to defend a city or town.
A codicil is a supplement or addition to a will.
An infidel is one who disbelieves revelation.
An epicure is one who indulges his appetite to excess, and is

fond of delicacies.
Alcohol is spirit highly refined by distillation.
Despotism is tyranny or oppressive government.
The despotism of government can often be overthrown but
for the despotism of fashion there is no remedy.
A domicile is the place of a man's residence.
Mackerel signifies spotted. A mackerel is a spotted fish.
The glanders is a disease of horses.
The jaundice is a disease characterized by a yellow skin.
A loquacious companion is sometimes a great torment.
 SPELLING BOOK. 107
MOVE, SOX, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR KFLE, PULL ; EJI8T
J ; €=K »=J
; ; S =Z ; OH=6IL

No. 114.— CXI V.

THE SOUND OF SI IN all (= aw) AND IN Wliat (= 5).

an' thor squan' der tehpkgh' ter wan 7

der
sau cy plaud it al ter draw er§
gaucl y brawn y fal ter wal nut
taw ny quar ry quar ter eau gey
taw dry flaw y law yer pal try J

fault y •
saw pit saw yer draw back
pau per law suit haw thorn al most
squad ron wa ter s-eal lop want ing
sau cer d&ugh ter wal lop war ren
The saucy stubborn child displeases his parents.
The peacock is a gaudy, vain, and noisy fowl.
The skin of the Indian is of a tawny color.
Paupers are poor people who are supported by a public tax.
Twenty-five cents are equal to one quarter of a dollar.
It is the business of a lawyer to give counsel on questions of
law, and to manage lawsuits.
Walnuts are the seeds of walnut-trees.
The Tartars wander from place to place without any settled
habitation.

No. 115.— C XV.

WORDS OF TWO SYLLxVBLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST.
;
mis sive sprink' ling go§ ling
eap tive twink ling nurs ling
fes tive ling
sliil fat ling-
cos tive sap ling bant ling
mag pie strip ling- scant ling-
some thing dump ling nest ling
stock ing dar ling her ring
mid dling star ling 6b long-
world ling ster ling head long
108 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €ARE, FALL, what; her, prey, there; get* bird, marine; link;

fur' long parch' ment plain' tive

head aehe pleas, ant mo tive
tooth aehe pea§ ant sport Ive
heart aehe dis tant *
hire ling
6s trich in stant year ling
gal lant eon stant day spring
dor mant ex tant tri umph
ten ant sex tant tri glyph
preg nant lam bent tru ant
rem nant ae gent ar dent
pen nant ad vent mas sive
flip pant •eres cent pas sive
quad rant ser aph stat iie
ar rant sta tive stat ute
war rant na tive virt He

No. 116.— CXVI.

WORDS OP TWC SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST.

mo' tion (shi m) frae' tion une' tion

no xion trae tion fune tion
lo tion men tion June tion
po tion pen sion sue tion
por tion ces sion spon sion
na tion ten sion tor sion
ra tion mer sion mis sion
sta tion ver sion eap tion
man sion ses sion op tion
pas sion lee tion flee tion
fae tion die tion aue tion
ae tion fie tion eau tion
Lection is a reading, and lecture is a discourse.
Lectures on chemistry are delivered in our colleges.
A lotion is a washing or a liquid preparation.
A ration is an allowance daity for a soldier.
 SPELLING BOOK 109
MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; P.TTLE, PULL EJI6T € =k g=j s=z
J ; ; ; ; cb—eo.

A mansion is a place of residence, or dwelling.

A fraction is a part of a whole number.
Fictionis a creature of the imagination.

Caution is prudence in the avoidance of evil.

Auction is a sale of goods by outcry to the highest bidder.
Option is choice. It is at our option to make ourselves re-
spectable or contemptible.

No. 117.— CXVII.

WORDS OF FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCENTED OK THE SECOND.
suprem'acj' com puF so ry pro llx' i ty
the oe ra cy- ol fac to ry un eer tain ty
cle mo€ ra cy re frac to ry im mod est y
con spir a cy re fee to ry dis. 7*on est y
ge og ra phy di rec to ry so o quy
111

bi og ra phy con sis to ry hu man i ty

eo§ mog ra phy 1 dol a try a men i ty
ste nog ra phy ge om e try se ren i ty
zo og ra phy im men si ty vi cm i ty
to pog ra phy pro pen si ty af fini ty
ty pog ra phy ver bos i ty di vin i ty
hy drog ra phy ad ver si ty in dem ni ty
phi los o phy di ver si ty so lem ni ty
a cad e my ne ces si ty fra ter ni ty
e con o my 1 den ti ty e ter ni ty
a nat o my con eav i ty bar bar i ty
zo 6t o my de prav i ty vul gar i ty
e piph a ny Ion gev i ty dis par i ty
phi Ian thro py ac cliv i ty ce leb ri ty
mis an thro py na tiv i ty a lac ri ty
pe riph e ry ac tiv i ty sin cer i ty
ar til le ry cap tiv i ty ce ler i ty
hy drop a thy fes tiv i ty te mer i ty
de liv er
y per plex i ty in teg ri ty
dis eov er y con vex i ty dis til ler y
HO THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €ARK, FALL, WHAT; HER, PBEY, Til ERE ; SET; BIRD, MARINE,* LINK;

Theocracy is government by God himself. The government

of the Jews was a theocracy.
Democracy is a government by the people.
Hydropathy, or water-cure, is a mode of treating diseases by
the copious use of pure water.
Geography is a description of the earth.
Biography is a history of a person's life.
Cosmography is a description of the world.
Stenography is the art of writing in short-hand.
Zoography is a description of animals but zoology mean3 the
;

same thing, and is generally used.

Topography is the exact delineation of a place or region.
Typography is the art of printing with types.
Hydrography is the description of seas and other waters, or
the art of forming charts.
Philanthropy is the love of mankind but misanthropy signi-
;

fies a hatred of mankind.

The olfactory nerves are the organs of smell „

Idolatry is the worship of idols. Pagans worship gods of

wood and stone. These are their idols. But among Chris-
tians many persons worship other sorts of idols. Some wor-
ship a gay and splendid dress, consisting of silks and mus-
lins, gauze and ribbons some worship pearls and diamonds
; ;

but all excessive fondness for temporal things is idolatry.

No. 118.— CXVIII

WORDS OF FOTJH SYLLABLES, ACCENTED OH THE SECOND

ju rid/ i eal fa nat/ i ci§m ob llv' i on

eon viv i al ex or di urn in eog ni to
di ag o nal mil len ni urn eo part ner ship
pen tag o nal re piib lie an dis siin i lar
tra di tion al me rid i an ver nae u lar
in ten tion al un nat u ral o rae H lar
per pet fi al eon jeet uv al or bie u lar
ha u al
bit gen trip e tal par tie ii lar
e ventu al eon tin ii al ir reg ii lar
un mer ci fill ef feet u al bi valv ii lar
 SPELLING BOOK. HI
MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR BTTLE, pull
*,
; exist ; e=K 6= J s=z
; ; ; ob=8gl

7
un pop 7 u lar a naT y sis ex tern po re
tri an gu lar de ous
lir i en tab la ture
pa rish ^on er in dus tri ous dis eom fit tire
di am e ter il lus tr OUS L pro eon sul ship
ad mm is ter las 91V i ous dis eon so late
em bas sa dor ob liv i ous a pos to late
pro gen i tor a 116m a lous i ob se qui ous
eom po§ i tor e pit mize oe ea §ion al
me trop o lis a pos ta tize pro por tion al
e phem e ris im mor tal Ize heb dom a dal 1
No. 119.- -CXIX.
WORDS OF FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND. a,
UNMARKED, IN atc, DOES NOT HAVE ITS FULL LONG
SOUND.
as shn'' i late eon tam'i nate
prog nos tie ate dis sem
nate i

per am bu late re erim nate i

e jae u late a bom i nate :

im mae fi late pre dom i nate

ma trie u late in tern per ate
ges tie u late re gen er ate, v.
in 6e u late eo op er ate
eo ag u late ex as per ate
de pop 11 late eom mis. er ate
eon grat u late in vet er ate
ea pit u late re it er ate
ex post u late ob lit er ate
a mal ga mate e vae u ate
ex hil a rate at ten u ate, v.
le git i mate, v. ex ten u. ate
ap prox i mate in ad e quate
eon eat e nate ef feet u ate
sub or di nate, v. per pet u ate
o rig i nate as sas sin ate
112 ^HE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, CAKE, FALL, WHAT; HEB, TKKT, TIIKRE GET BIBD, marine; link;
;

7
pro eras ti nate in die' a tive
pre des ti nate, v. pre rog a tive
eom pas sion ate, v. ir rel a tive
dis pas sion ate ap pel la tive
af fee tion ate eon tem pla tive
un fort 11 nate su per la tive
e man ci pate al terna tive
de lib er ate, v. de elar a tive
in ear cer ate eom par a tive
eon fed er ate, v. im per a tive
eon sid er ate in dem ni fy
pre pon der ate per son i fy
im mod er ate re stor a tive
ae eel er ate dis qua! i fy

No. 120.— C XX.

WORDS OP FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND.
al lu' vi on sa W bri oils lux u
r
ri ous
pe tro le urn im pe ri ous vo lu mi nous
ce ru le an mys te ri ous o be di ent
le vi a than la bo ri ous ex pe di ent
li bra ri an in glo ri ous in gre di ent
a gra ri an cen so ous
ri im mu ni ty
pre ea ri ous vie to ri ous eom mu ni ty
vi ea ri ous no to ri ous im pu ni ty
ne fa ri ous ux o ri ous ? eom pla cen cy
gre ga ri ous in ju ri ous in de cen cy
o va ri ous pe nu ri ous di plo ma cy
op pro bri ous ti §u ri ous •

trans par en cy

A library is a collection of books.

A librarian is a person who has charge of a library.
The laborious bee is a pattern of industry.
That is precarious which is uncertain. Life and health are
precarious.
* Pronouoced yoo-zhoo' ri-ous.
 SPELLING BOOK. H3
MOVE, BOX, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR J
ETXE, PULL ; EXIST ; €=K Q—J
; j
lg =Z ; OH=8H.

Vicarious punishment is that which one person suffers in the

place of another.
Gregarious animals are such as herd together, as sheep and
goats.
Salubrious air is favorable to health.
A covetous man is called penurious.
Escape or exemption from punishment is impunity.
Do notliing that is injurious to religion, to morals, or to the
interest of others.
We speak of the transparency of glass, water, etc

No. 121.— C XXI

WORDS OF SEVEN SYLLABLES, HAVING THE ACCENT ON THE
FIFTH,

im ma te ri aT i ty 1111 pen e tra blT i ty

in di vis. i bil 1 ty in el i gi bil i ty
in di vid u al i ty im mal le a bil i ty
in €om pat i bil i ty per pen die i ty n lar
in de struct i bil i ty in eom
press i bil i ty
im per cep ti bil i ty m de fen si bil i tj
ir re gist i bil i ty val e tu di na ri an
in €om bus ti bil i ty an ti trin i ta ri an

WOKDS OF EIGHT SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SIXTH =

un in tel li gi blT i ty in €om pre hen si bil'i ty

The immateriality of the soul has rarely been disputed.
The indivisibility of matter is supposed to be demonstrably
false.

It was once a practice in Franco to divorce husband and wife

for incompatibility of tempe r? ; a practice soon found to be
incompatible with social order.
Theincoinpressibility of water lias been disproved.
We can not doubt the incomprehensibility of the divine attri-
butes.
Stones are remarkable for their immalleability.
The indestructibility of matter is generally admitted,
Asbestus is noted for its incombustibility,
A valetudinarian is a sickly person.
114 THE ELEMENTARY
BAR, LAST, €ARE, FALL, WHAT; IIEK, PREY, THERE -

,
BET BIRD, MARINE ; LINK ;
;

No. 122.— C XXI

WORDS IN WHICH til HAS ITS ASPIRATED SOUND.

e' ther thor' ongh ath let' ie

ja' 9inth thir' teen me thegTin
the' sis thou' §and ea thar7 tie
ze' nith a' the ism a the ist'ie
thick' et the' o ry the o ret' ie al i

thun' der the' o rem me thod' ie al

this' tie hy' a cintb, math e mat' ie3
thros' tie eath'o lie le vi' a than
throt' tie ap' o the#m en thu' §i asm
thirst'
y thun' der bolt an tip' a thy
thrift'
y ep'i thet a rith' me tie
length' wi§e lab' y rinth an tith' e sis
threat' en ing leth' ar gy mis an' thro pyj
an' thor pleth' o ry phi Ian' thro pyi
an' thor ize pleth' o rie ean thar' i de§
an thor' i ty sym' pa thy the 6e' ra cy
an thor'i ta tive am' a ranth the ol' o gy
meth' od am' e thyst the od' o lite
an' thern ap' a thy ther mom'e ter
diph' thong ses thet' ies ea thol' i eon 1

[dif thong] thlr' ti eth my thol' o gy

eth' ies syn'the sis or thog' ra phyl
pan' ther pan the' on hy poth' e sis
Sab' bath e the' re al li thog' ra phy 1

11 thot' o my
7
thim' ble can tha ris
Thurs/day ea the' dra! a poth' e ea ry
thong
-itriph' u re' thra ap o the' o sis
in thrall' an then' tit pol'y the i§m
;
a thwart pa thet' ie hiblio the'eal
be troui* syn thet'ie ieh thy 61' o gy
or ni thol' o gy
l

thlr' ty a -eaiT thus

 SPELLING BOOK. 115
MOVE, SOX, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OF. ; EVLE, PULL ; EXIST ; €=K ; G= J 6=Z
; ; OH=8B.

No. 123.— C XXIII.

WORDS IN WHICH til HAS ITS VOCAL SOUND.

ei' i her net h' er broth' er

nei fher weth er wor thy (wur thy)
hea then priih ee moth er
elofh ier X-yer) bur then smofh er
rath er south era, ofh er
fafh om tefh er with erg
gafh er fhifh er be neafh'
hiih er with er be queafh
fur fher lath er with draw
brefh ren fa fher an 6th' er
whith er far thing to gefh er
whefh er fur fhest there with aT
leafh er pofh er nev er the less
feafk er broth el
The heathen are those people who worship idols, or who know
not the true God.
Those who enjoy the light of the gospel, and neglect to observe
its precepte, are more criminal than the heathen.

All mankirra are brethren, descendants of common parents.

How unnatural and wicked it is to make war on our breth-
ren, to conquer them, or to plunder and destroy them.
It is every man's duty to bequeath to his children a rich
inheritance of pious precepts.

No. 124.— C XXIV.

WORDS OP THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND.

ae eSm'plish di miu'ish ex tin'guisli

es tab lish ad mon ish re lin quish
em bel lish pre mon ish ex eul pate
a bol ish as ton ish €on trib tite
re plen ish dis tin guish re mon strance
116 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €ARE, FALL, WHAT; HER, PBKY, THERE; §ET; BIRD, MAR*INE; LINK;

em broid' er mo ment' oils trl umph' ant

re join der por tent ous as sail ant
ADJECTIVES. a bun dant so no rous
e nor mous re. dun dant a 90 tous
dig as trous dis eor dant eon ea vous

A man who saves the fragments of time, will accomplish a

great deal in the course of his life.

The most refined education does not embellish the human

character like piety.
Laws are abolished by the same power that made them.
Wars generally prove disastrous to all parties.
We are usually favored with abundant harvests.
Most persons are ready to exculpate themselves from blame,
Discordant sounds are harsh, and offend the ear.

No. 125.- exxv

WOKDS OF FTTE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE THIBD,
in ter me' di ate e qui pon' der ate
dis pro por tion ate par ti cip i al

cer e mo ni al in di vid u al
mat mo ni al
ri in ef feet u al
pat ri mo ni al in tel leet u. al
an ti mo ni al pu sil Ian i mous
tes ti mo ni al dis in gen u ous
im ma te ri al in sig nif i eant
mag is te ri al e qui pon der ant
min is te ri al c,ir eum am bi ent
im me mo ri a? an ni ver sa ry
sen a to ri al par lia ment a ry
die ta to ri al tes ta ment a ry
e qua to ri al al i ment a ry
in ar tie u late sup pie ment a ry
il le git i mate el e ment a ry
in de term in ate sat is fae to ry
 SPELLING BOOK. 117
KOVS, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOOH, OB ; KTTLE, PUIJ. ; KWT €=K &= J
J ; ; S=Z OH=SH.
;

eon tra die' to 17 horn o ge' ne oils

val e die to ry «eon tume li ous
in tro due to ry ae ri mo ni ous
trig o nom e try par si mo ni ous,
a re om e try del e te ri ous \

mis gel la ne ous mer i to ri ous

sub ter ra ne ous dis o be di ent
sue ce da ne ous in ex pe di ent
si mul ta ne ous -eon ti nu i ty

in stan ta ne ous im pro pri e ty

Senate originally signified a council of elders for the Romans ;

committed the public concerns to men of age and experience.

—
The maxim of wise men was old men for counsel, young
men for war. But in modem times the senatorial dignity is
not always connected with age.
The bat is the intermediate link between quadrupeds and

fowls. The orang-outang is intermediate between man and

quadrupeds.
Bodies of the same kind or nature are called homogeneous.
Reproachful language is contumelious or contemptuous.
Bitter and sarcastic language is acrimonious.
Simultaneous acts are those which happen at the same time..
Many things are lawful which are not expedient,

Wo. 126.—CXXVI.
delve eash smash pish text
twelve dash rash wish twixt
nerve gash erash gush minx
eurve hash trash hush sphinx
elf . lash flesh blush change
shelf flash mesh erush mange
self plash fresh frush range
pelf slash dish tush grange
ash mash fish next forge
118 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €ABE, FALL, WHAT h£b, pbky, thebb; get; bird, map/ink; link;

baste flute light night frounce

chaste mute blight wight rounce
haste brute plight right trounce
waste fight sight tight cMs.ni
lute bright slight blowze prism
MONOSYLLABLES WITH til VOCAL,

the thy them tithe smooth

those then thence lithe soothe
this thus the§e writhe they
that thou than scythe there
thine thee blithe though their

THE FOLLOWING, WHEN NOUNS, HAYE THE ASPERATED SOUND

OP til IN THE SINGULAR NUMBEB, AND THE YOCAL IN THE
PLURAL.
bath bath$ swath swathg. mouth mouths.
lath lath$ cloth cloths, wreath wreaths,
path paths, moth moths sheath sheath §
Twelve things make a dozen.
To delve is to dig in the ground.
When the nerves are affected the hands shake.
Turf is a clod of earth held together by the roots of grass.
Surf is the swell of the sea breaking on the shore.
Cash formerly meant a chest, but it now signifies money.
An elf is an imaginary being or a being of the fancy,
A flash of lightning sometimes hurt's the eyes.
Flesh is the soft part of animal bodies.
Blushes often manifest modesty, sometimes shame.
Great and sudden changes sometimes do hurt
A grange is a farm and farmhouse.
A forge is a place where iron is hammered,
A rcunce is the handle of a printing-press.
To frounce is to curl or frizzle, as the hair
Great haste often makes waste.
It isno more right to steal apples or watermelons from an-
other's garden or orchard, than it is to steal money from
his desk. Besides, it is the meanest of all low tricks to
 SPELLING BOOK. 119
MOVE, 60N, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ) RULE, PULL J
EXI6T ; €=K ; &= J ; S =Z ; OH=6H.

creep into a man's inclosure to take his property. How

much more manly is it to ask a friend for cherries, peaches,
pears, or melons, than it is to sneak privately into his orchard
and steal them. How must a boy, and much more a man,
blush to be detected in so mean a trick

No. 127.-C XXVII.

IN THE FOLLOWING WOKDS, 1* IS PRONOUNCED BEFORE W ?
thus whale is pronounced hwale; when, hwen.

whale whet whiz whip stock

wheat which where whis per
wharf w hilk
T
whey whis ky
7
what whiff wlier ry whis ker
wheel whig whefh er whis tie
wheeze whim whet stone whifh er
/
whee die whin whff fie whit low
whine whip whig gish whit tie
while whelm whig gis_in whirl
white whelp whim per whirl pool
whi /
ten when whim §ey whirl wind
white wash whence whin ny wT hirl bat
whi tish whisk whip cord whirl i gig
whi ting whist whip graft wharf a«-e
why whit whip saw wharf in ger
IN THE FOLLOWING WORDS IV IS SILENT.

who who ev'er

whom who so ev'er
who§e '

whom so eVer
/
whole ^tfh6le sale
whoop whole some
Whales are the largest of marine animals. They afford us oil
for lamps and other purposes.
Wheat is a species of grain that grows in most climates, and
the flour makes our finest bread.
120 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €ARE, FALL, WJIATJ HER, TREY, THERE ; GET; BIRO, MARINE; LINK.;

Wharves are structures built for the couveuieuce of lading

and unlading ships.
Wheels are most admirable instruments of conveyance carts. :

wagons, gigs, and coaches run on wheels •

Whey is the thin watery part of milk.

Bad boys sometimes know what a whip is by their feelings.
This is a kind of knowledge which good boys dispense with.
White is not so properly a color as a want of all color.
One of the first boy tries to get is a knife, that
things a little

he may he asks for a knife and it is

whittle with it. If
refused, he is pretty apt to whimper,
The love of whisky has brought many a strong fellow to a
disgraceful death.
Whiskers are thought by some to afford protection to the
throat in cold weather.

No. 128.— CXXVIIl

m THE FOLLOWING WORDS, X PASSES INTO THE SOUND OF gZ.
e£ aet e^ ag' ger ate e£ or' di am
e;g alt/ e£ am' me e£ of ie
e£ empt e% am' pie e£ em' plar
e£ ert' e% an' i mate e.^' em pla ry
exhaust e^ as' per ate e^em'plify
e£ hort' e£ e-e' u tive e£ enip' tion
e? ile7 v , e£ ee' n tor * e£ on' er ate
e£ 1st' e? ee' u trix e$ or' bi tance
/
e£ ult e£ hib' it e^ or' bi tant
e? hale e% ist'ence e^ li'ber ant
The word exact is v*n adjective signifying nice, accurate, or
precise ; it is also a verb signifying to
demand, require, or
compel to yield.
Astronomers can. by calculating, foretell the exact time of an
eclipse, or of the rising and setting of the sun
It is use'ul to keep very exact accounts
A king or a legislature must have power to exact taxes or
duties to support the government,
An exordium is a preface or preamble
 SPELLING BOOK 121
MOVE, SOX, WOLF, KOOT, MOON, OR J
KT7LE, PULL J EXIST € — K 6 = J
; \ ] S —Z ; OH=8H.

ITake away your exactions from my people." Ezelc. xlv, 9,

To exist signifies to be, or to have life. The soul is immortal
it will never cease to exist.
We must not exalt ourselves, nor exult over a fallen rivai
[t is our duty to exert our talents in doing good.

We are not to expect, to be exempt from evils.

Exhort one another to the practice of virtue,
Water is exhaled from the earth in vapor, and in time the
ground is exhausted of water,
A.n exile is one who is banished from his country,
[n telling a story be careful, not to exaggerate.
Examine the Scriptures daily and carefully, and set an example
of good works,
A.n executor is one appointed by a will to settle an estate after
the death of the testator who makes the will.
The President of the United States is the chief executive officer
of the government.
Officersshould not exact exorbitant fees for their services.
Charitable societies exhibit proofs of much benevolence,
The earth often produces exuberant crops.
Every man wishes to be exonerated from burdensome services.

Ko. 129.— C XXIX,

IN THE FOLLOWING WORDS, tiail AND tlOll ARE PRONOUNCED
NEARLY <8lllll.
;
bas tion fits' tian eom bits tion
•€hris tian -eon ges' tion in cli ges' tion
mix tion di ges tion ex haus' tion
ques tion ad mix tion sug ges tion

W THE FOLLOWING WORDS, i IN AN UNACCENTED SYLLABLE

AND FOLLOWED BY A VOWEL, HAS A LIQUID SOUND, LIKE
y consonant; thus alien is pronounced al'yen, and
clothier, -cloth' yer,

al' ien (-yen) sav' ior (-yur) sen' ior {-yur)

€ourt ier pav ior bil ions
eloth. ier' jiln ior bill ion
122 THE ELEMENTARY
bab, last, €Abk, fall, wiiat; her, prey, tukre; get; bibd, marine; link,

bill' iardg v&Y iant eom pan ion

eull ion on ion ras eal ion
mill ion bull ion do min ion
mill ion al ien ate mo dill iou.
mill iontb bil ia ry o pin ion
ion
pill brill ian gy re bell ion
pin ion brill iant Ij re bell ious
*ron ion mil ia ry 91 vil ian
seull ion val iant ly dis iin ion
ion
trill val iant ness be hav ior
trunn ion €om mini' ion pe €iil iar
I
brill iant ver mil ion in tag\ io
filial pa vil ion se ra#l io
€oll ier pos till ion fa mil iar uk
pann ier fa mil iar o pin ion 1st
pon iard ;bat tal ion o pin ion a ted

No 130.— C XXX
IN THE FOLLOWING WORDS, THE SYLLABLES SICF AND Zld
ARE PRONOUNCED zlfcCF OR ZllUF, SiOH ARE PRONOUNCEI
Xililll, AND Sla ARE PRONOUNCED zlia.

bra' gier^ pro- fu' gion il W gion

gla zier a bra gion in fu gion
gra ziei €ol lu gion in va gion
ho gier €on «lu §ioD suf fu gion
© gier €on fu gion dis sua gion
ero giei eor ro gion per sua gion
fu gion oe ca gion am bro gia
/
af fu gion per va gion am bro gial
€0 lie gion e lu gion ob tru gion
ad he gion dif fu gion de tru gion
de lu gion dis plo gion in tru gion
e ro gion ex plo gion pro tru gion
e va gion ef fu gion ex tru gion
 SPELLING BOOK. 123
MOVE, 60X, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; RULE, PULL ; EXIST J
h =J ; S =Z ; OH:

IN SOME OF THE FOLLOWING WORDS, THE TERMINATING SYL-

LABLE IS PRONOUNCED AND IN OTHERS THE VOWEL
Zisiin,
i MAY BE CONSIDERED TO HAYE THE SOUND OF y.

ab gion
sgig' pro vi § ion in cig' ion
col ion
lig re vig ion mis prig ion
de gig ion '^e scig don ,pre vig ion
1
de rig ion con gig ion 7.e ly§ ian
e lig ion ex gig ion 'gir eum gig' ion
£ pre eig ion di vig ion sub di vis ion

No. 131.— C XXXI.

WORDS IN WHICH C BEFORE \\ HAS THE SOUND OF It.

-Christ cheni' ist an' cho rite

chyle Tjhrisi mas arch i tect
scheme Chris tian arch i trave
ache dis tich + arch e type
chagia ech o /Kep tar chy
chrigm chron ic maeh i nate'
chord sched ule "Chris ten. dom
chyme pas chal •braeh i al
loch chol er* m lach ry mal
cho rist sac cha rine
1

school
choir (hwir) sehol ar syn. chro nigm'
cho' rus mon arch Mich ael mas'
cho ral stom ach chor is ter I

ar chiveg an' ar chy chron i ele

cha os chrys o lite or ches tra
ep och char ac ter pa tri arch
i chor cat e chi gm & eu. cha rist
6 cher pen ta teiich chi me'ra
tro chee sep ul cher pa ro chi al
an chor tech nic al cha me le on
124 THE ELEMENTARY
bar, last, GA.BB, fall, what; heb, prey, theke; get; bird, marine; link;

ehro mat' ie syn ee' do ehe tlie 6m' a ehy

me ehan ie mo nareh ie al mel' an ehol y
eha 6t ie bron shot o my pa tri areh y
seho las tie ehro nol o gy hi er areh y
ea ehex y ehi rog ra phy 61 i gar ehy
eha lyb e ate -eho rog ra phy -eat e ehet' ie al
a naeh ro nis.ni ehro nom e ter ieh thy 61 o gy.
Experience keeps a dear school, but fools will learn in no
other
Chyle is the milky fluid separated from food by digestion, and
from this are formed blood and nutriment for the support
of animal life.
An epoch is a fixed point of time from which years are reck-
oned. The departure of the Israelites from Egypt is a
remarkable epoch in their history.
A patriarch is the father of a family, Abraham was the great
patriarch of the Israelites.
Sound striking against an object and returned, is an echo.
The stomach is the great laboratory of animal bodies, in which
food is digested and prepared for entering the proper ves-
sels, and nourishing the body. If the stomach is impaired
and does not perform its proper functions, the whole body
suffers.

Ho. 132.— C XX XII,

WORDS CST WHICH g, BEFORE e, i AND y, HAS ITS HARD OR
CLOSE SOUND.
gear ea' ger erag' ged gib' bous
geese mea ger dig ger giddy
geld gew gaw dig ging gig gle
gift ti ger ng ging gig gling
give to ged rigged {rigd) gig gler
gig big gin rig ger giz zard
gild brag ger flag ging gim let
gimp dag ger flag
gy girl ish
gird erag gy soggy jag ged
girth buggy gib ber ish J
ag gy
 SPELLING BOOK. 125
MOVE, SOX, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; F.FLE, PULL EXIST € =k g=j s=z
; ; ; ; ; oh=sh.

legged twigged *
*
nog' gin gag' ging
leg' gin twig'gy tar get bragged*
*
pig ger y wag ging flogged brag' ging
quag gy wag gish flog' ging bag ging
rag ged au ger gift ed geld ing
, trigger bog gy hugged * gild ing
scrag ged fog gy hug ging gild ed
scrag gy slogged* shrugged * gild er
shag gy clog ging shrug'' gin g swag ger
shag ged clog gy rug ged swaggy
slug gish cogged * tugged* gird le
lug ger bag'gy tug' ging gird er
snag ged dog ged lugged be gin'
snag gy dog gish lug' ging wagged *
sprig gy jogged* mug gy wag' ger y
stag ger jog'ging fagged* loggerhead
stag ger§ jog ger fag' ging to geth' er

No. 133.- -CXXXIII .

IN THE FOLLOWING, C OR g ENDING A SYLLABLE HAVING A

PRIMARY OR A SECONDARY ACCENT, IS t SOUNDED AS S AND
j RESPECTIVELY.

mag' ic tac' it pac'ify

trag ic agiltate pag i nal
ag He legi ble reg i cide
ac id Vlgi lant reg i men
dig it reg i ment reg is ter
fag lie pre9 e dent spec i fy
frag lie pree i pice mag er ate
frig id rec i pe •
mag is trate
rig id dec i mal mag is tra cy
plac id -
dec i mate trag e dy
v!g il lac. er ate vie i nage »

*The starred words art : pronounced as one syllable.

 126 THE ELEMENTARY
BAS, LAST, €AF.F, FALL, WHAT; HER, PREY, THERE ; GET; BIRD, MARINE; LINK;

y
veg e tate par tig' i pate au then tig i ty
veg e ta ble sim plig i ty e las tig i ty
log i-e me dig i nal du o deg i mo
prog ess so lig i tude in ca pag i tate
cog i tate tri plig i ty ab o rig i nal
prog e ny ver tig i ty ec gen trig i ty
4il lie it
7
rus tig i ty mu gi lag i nous
im plig it ex ag ger ate mul ti plig i ty
v
e lig it mor dag i ty per spi cag i ty
ex plig it pub lig i ty per ti nag i ty
so lig it o pag i ty tag i txtr ni ty
im ag ine ra pag i ty mag is te ri al
au dag i ty sa gag i ty a trog' i ty
ea pag i ty bel lig er ent fe rog i ty
fu gag i ty o rig i nal ve log i ty
Lo quag i ty ar mig er ous r^i nog e ros
men dac i ty ver tig i nous reg i prog' i ty
illeg i ble re frig er ate im ag in a/ tion
o rig i nate reg i ta/ tion ex ag ger a tion
so lig i tor veg e ta tion re frig er a tioo
fe lig ty i ag i ta tion so lig i ta tion
mu nig i pal cog i ta tion fe lig i ta tion

an tic i pate o le ag i nous leer er de main'

Ho. 134.— CXXXIV.

WORDS IN WHICH ce, ci, ti ajstd si, are sounded as sli.

Gre' cian con scienge nup' tial

gra cioiis cap tioiis par tial
7
spa cious fac tious es sen tial
spe cious fie tious po ten tial
spe cie§ 'Ms cious pro vm cial
so cial frae tious pru den tial
-gen tian cau tious com mer cial
ter tian con scious im par tial
 SPELLING BOOK. 127
MOVB, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR BULK, POXL EXISI
; J
' ; «=k o=j b=z oh— sh.
; ; ;

sub stan7 tial 7

fe ro cious ligen7 tious
con fi den7 tial lo qua cious in eau tious
7
pen i ten tial ra pa cious ef fi ca cious
prov i den tial sa ga cious os ten ta tious
rev e ren tial te na cious per spi ca cious
e qui noe tial vex a tious per ti na cious
in flu en tial vi va cious con sci en tious
7
pes ti len tial vo ra cious pa tient
au da/ cious ve ra cious quo tient
ca pa cious crus ta ceous an cient
fa ce tious >.
con ten tious tran sient
7
fal lacious in fee tious par ti al i ty
7
a tro cious sen ten tious Im par ti al i ty ;

Nq. 135.— C XXXV.

WORDS IK WHICH CJ AED ti ARE SOURED AS sBl, AND Df
PRONUNCIATION ARE UNITED TO THE PRECEDING SYLLABLE.
7
pre cious (presfr-) mo 7
ni tion ma gi cian
7

Spe cm\(spesh al) f

mu ni tion ma li cious
vi ciotis con tri tion mi li tia
ad di7 tion at tri tion mu §i cian
am bi tion nu tri tion of f I cial
aus pi cious cog ni tion pa tri cian
of fi cious ig ni tion par ti tion
ca pri cious con di tion per di tion
nu tri tious de f I cient per ni cious
de li cious de li cious pe ti tion
am bi tious dis ere tion pro f I cient
fac ti tious e di tion phy §i cian
fie ti tious ef f I cient po §1 tion
den ti tion fla gi tious pro pi tious
fru 1 tion fru i tion se di tion
es pe cial ju di cial Be di tious
op ti cian lo gi cian sol sti tial
128 THE ELEMENTARY
BAR, LAST, €ARK, FALL, WHAT; HER, I'RKV, THERE; GET bTrH, MARINE; link;
I

7
sufficient ap po §I tion av a ri cious
sus pi cious eb ul li tion in au spi cious
vo li tion er u di tion ben e f I cial
ab o If tion ex hi bi tion co a li tion
ae qui §1 tion im po §t tion com pe ti tion
ad mo ni tion op po §i tion com po §1 tion
ad ven ti tious prej u di cial defini tion
am niu ni tion pol i ti cian dem o li tion
premo 111 tion prep o §i tion dep o §i tion
dis qui §1 tion prop o §i tion dis po §i tion
in qui §1 tion pro hi bi tion prac tf tion er
a rith me ti ciai
7
rep e ti tion su per f I cial
in hi bi tion su per sti tion ac a de mi cian
ex po §1 tion sup po §1 tion ge om e tri cian
ap pa ri tion sur rep ti tioiis inju di 7 cious
7
ar ti f I cial mer e tri cious de f i cien cy

No. 136.— C XXXVI.

IN THE FOLLOWING WORDS, Ct AND ti ARE PRONOUNCEI
like slii, as associate (as so shi' ate).
7
7
as so ci ate ne go ti ate ex cru 7 ci ate
con so ci ate in sa ti ate pro pi ti ate
ap pre ci ate an nun ci ate enun ci ate 1

de pre ci ate li gen ti ate de nim ci ate

e ma ci ate sub stan ti ate dis so ci ate
r
ex pa ti ate novitiate sa ti ate
in gra ti ate officiate vi ti ate

No. 137.— CXXXVII.

THE FOLLOWING WORDS, ENDING IN 1C, MAY HAVE, AND SOiEE
OF TEEM OFTEN DO HAVE, THE SYLLABLE »1 ADDED AFTEI
ic, as comic, comical; and the adverbs in ly derivei
FROM THESE WORDS ALWAYS HAVE al, AS IN dastically.
cau7 stic elm7 ic 7
erit ic
7
eth ic
gen trie com ic eu bic eth nic
clas sic con ic cyn ic log ic
 SPELLING BOOK. 129
MOVE, 60N, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR : RFLE, PULL : EXIST ; €- = k;g=j;s=z; r.a—sa.

lyr' ie op' tie stat' ie trag' ie

mag ie jphthi§ ie sto ie .
typ f«
rnii sie skep tie styp tie' rus tie
mjs tie spher ie top ie graph ie

tfORDS OF THREE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE SECOND.

THESE MAT RECEIVE THE TERMINATION al FOR THE AD-
JECTIVE, AND TO THAT MAY BE ADDED ly TO FORM THE
adverb; as, agrestic, agrestical, agresticalli/.

'
r
a eron ye ge ner'ie Pla ton' ie
a gres tie gym nas tie jpneu mat ie
al ehem ie har mon ie po lem i-e
as cet ie He bra ie prag mat ie
ath let ie her met ie pro lif ie
au then tie- hys ter ie pro phet ie
bar bar ie I ron ie r^ap sod ie
bo tan ie in trin sie ro man tie
ea thar tie la eon ie ru bif ie
elas sif ie •lu cif ie sa tir ie
eo§ met ie mag net ie sc7ri§ mat ie
di dae tie- mag nif ie seho las tie
do nies tie- ma jes tie seor bii tie
dog mat ie me ehan ie so phis tie
dra mat ie mo nas tie sper mat ie
Dru id ie mor bif ie sta lae tie
dys pep tk •
nn mer ie stig mat ie
ee gen trie ob stet rie sym met rie
ee lee tie or gan ie syn od ie
ee stat ie os sif ie ter rif ie
e lee trie pa cif ie the ist ie
v
em pir ie pa thet ie ty ran nie
er rat ie pe dant ie e las tie
jfa nat ie phleg mat ie bom bast ie
fo ren sie phre net ie sta tist ie
130 THE ELEMENTARY
BAR, LAST, €ARI% FALL, WHAT; HER, PREY, THERE; §ET; BIRD, MARINE; LINK;

WORDS OF FOUR SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE THIRD.

ae a dem' ie clol o rif ' ie par a ly t' ie

al ehem ist ie em blem at ie par a phrast ie
al plia bet ie en er get ie par a sit ie
ap o plee tie e nig mat ie par en thet ie
an a log ie epileptie par a bol ie
an a lyt ie ep i clem ie path o log ie
an a torn ie ep i sod ie pe ri od ie
ap os tol ie eu eha rist ie phil o log ie
a ritli met ie ex e get ie phil o soph ie
as tro log ie frig or if ie phil an throp ie
as tro nom ie ge o log ie Phar i sa ie
a the ist ie ge o met rie prob lem at ie
atmos pher ie hem is pher ie pu ri tan ie
bar o met rie his tri on ie pyr a mid ie
be a tif ie hyp o erit ie "pyr o tee7* nie
bi o graph i hy per bol ie sci en tif ie
eab a list ie lry po stat ie sye o pliant ie
Cal vin ist ie hy po thet ie -*syl lo gis tie
ea§ xi ist ie id i ot ie sym pa thet ie
eat e ehet ie in e last ie sys tern at ie
eat e gor ie Jae o bin ie tal i§ man ie
ehro no log ie math e mat ie the o log ie
dem o erat ie met a phor ie the o erat ie
di a bol ie met a phy§ ie the o ret ie
di a lee tic myth o log ie to po graph ie
dip lo mat ie ne o ter ie ty po graph ie
di a met rie or tho graph ie zo o log ie
di u ret ie pan the ist ie \ge o cen trie

Thermornetrical observations show the temperature of the airj

in winter and summer.

The mineralogist arranges his specimens in a scientific manner.
 SPELLING BOOK. 131
MOVE, SOX, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; KTJLE, PULL, j EXI6T ;
€- =k : 6=j s=z
; ; c.h=sh.

WORDS OF FTVE SYLLABLES, ACCENTED ON THE FOURTH.

an ti seor bu' tie gen e a log' ie
ar is to erat ie lex eo graph ie
i

ehar ae ter is tie mon o syl lab ie *

ee ele §i as tie or ni tho log ie
en thu §i as tie os te o log ie
en to mo log ie phys. i o log ie
1 ep i gram mat ie *
ieh thy o log ie f
THE FOLLOWING WORDS RARELY OR NEVER TAKE THE
TERMINATION al.
quad rat'ie gal' lie plas' tie
eath' o lie Goth ie pub lie
ce phaT ie ' hym nie Pii nie
eha ot ie 1 taT ie re pub' lie
eon cen trie me dal lie tae'tie
e le'gi ae . me te or'ie are tie
> ee stat' ie me tal' lie
"
pep tie
ep'ie lym pie * e las' tie
ex ot'ie par e gor'ie cys' tie**

1 THE FOLLOWING WORDS USUALLY OR ALWAYS END IN al. \

|
bib' Li eal il log' ie al eom' ie al
''

ea non' ie al in Im i eal met ri eal

ehi mer ie al' me thod ie al phy§ ie al
eler'ie al **far' ci eal prae ti eal
eo§ mi eal med i eal rad i eal
eor ti eal trop ie al ver ti eal
do miii' i eal top ie al vor ti eal
fin'i eal drop si eal whim gi eal
THE FOLLOWING WORDS NEYER TAKE THE TERMINATION al.

ap o stroph' ie pleth' o rie ear bon' ie

ehol' er ie ear bol'ie tiir ' mer ie
lu na tie sul phu rie oph thai' mie
132 THE ELEMENTARY
bae, lAst, cake, fall, what; her, prey, there; get; bird, marine; link;

WORDS ENDING IN ail, dl, OR ON, IN WHICH THE VOWEL

IS MUTE OR SLIGHTLY PRONOUNCED.

art' i §an eour' te §an or' §on

i

ben §on i gar rison par' §anti

ca par' i son cit i zen u' ni son

comparison denizen ven'igon*
WORDS ENDING IN IS1II, RETAINING THE ACCENT OP THEIR
PRIMITIVES.
mo nas' ti 9is.n1 prop a gand' i§m
ne 61' o gi§m per i pa tet' i cism
at' ti 9is.n1 pro vin' cial is.m
goth i 9is.n1 an'gli 9is.n1
pa ral'o gi§m van dal ism
A mer i can ism gal li 9is.n1
ep' i -eu rism ped a gog ism
Jes il it is.m pii ri tan ism
lib er tini§m Pres. by te'ri an ism
ma te'ri al ism par' a sit ism
mon' o the ism par al i§m
lei
nat u ral i§m fa vor i§m
it

pa tri ot i§m so 9m' i an i§m

pol y the i§m pa r&eh ro nigm
pros e lyt i§m re pub lie an ism
phar i sa ism see ta ri an ism
Prot est ant i§m seho las ti 9is.n1

No. 138.— C XX XVIII.

WORDS ENDING IN ize, ACCENTED ON THE FIRST SYLLABLE.
au' thor Tze mor' al ize mag' net ize
bas tard ize dram a tize mod ern ize
!
91V il ize em pha size ag o nize
ean on ize gal van ize pul ver ize
le gal ize
x
her bo rize -
ster il ize
* Pronounced vm'i-zn or vln'zn.
 SPELLING BOOK 133
MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OB ; RTTLE, PULL ; EXIST J
€- »=j; s=z: oa=8

sub' si dize or' gan Tze dram' a tize

tyr an nize pat ron ize fer til ize
sys tern ize sat ir ize' i dol ize
ineth od ize tan tal ize mel o dize
jour nal ize vo eal ize me§ mer ize
bru tal ize -eau ter ize po lar ize
€ol o nize bar bar ize re al ize
en er gize bot a nize the o rize
e qual ize das tard ize tran quil ize
hu. man ize det o nize tern po rize
Ju da ize dog ma tize- Ro man ize

No. 139.— C XIX, XX

WORDS OF FOUR AND FIVE SYLLABLES, RETAINING THE
ACCENT OF THEIR PRIMITIVES.
7 x^f
alcoholize gen er al ize pan' e gyr ize
al le go rize lib er al ize pop u lar ize
a nath' e ma tize ina te'ri al ize pros e ly tize
an' i mal ize me mo ri al ize pu. ri tan ize
e pis' to lize mm 7
er al ize re pub lie an ize
bes'tialize' mo nop 7
o lize see xl lar ize
*
e nig' ma tize nat'Uralize sen su al ize
ehar' ae ter ize ox y gen ize- spirit u alize
7
e the re al ize par tie'u lar ize vol a til ize
It isalmost impossible to civilize the American Indians.
We should never tyrannize over those weaker than ourselves.
Sometimes, when a person is bitten by a rattlesnake, the doc-
tor will cauterize or sear the wound.

No, 140.— CXI,

THE COMBINATION tlgf REPEESENTS, IN SOME WORDS, A SIM-
PLE ELEMENTARY SOUND, AS HEARD IN 81710, singe?*, long /
IN OTHER WORDS, IT REPRESENTS THE SAME ELEMENTARY
* Pronounced sen' shu-al-lze.
 134 THE ELEMENTARY
BAR, LAST, €ARE, rALL, WHAT HER, PP.gT, THERE \ ©KT BIRD, MA BINE; LINK;

SOUND FOLLOWED SY THAT OF g HARD ^heakd in go, get)

as in finger, linger, longer.
THE FOLLOWING HATE THE SIMPLE SOQND.
]

a
7
mong hang 7 er sing ing
7
strung
7
bang hang man song string ing
bring hang aail sung strong
bring 7 ing hung slang strongly
bung king sling swing
7
elang ling sling er swing 7 er
eling long slung swing ing
7
eling ing lungs. spring swung
elung pang sprang tang
7
dung prong spring er thing
fang rang spring in g thong
fling ring sting tongue
ring7 ing
7
fling' er sting er twang
fling ing ring let sting ing wring
flung rung stung wring 7 er
gang sang string wring ing
hang sing stringed wrong
7
hanged sing er string er wronged
IS THE FOLLOWING WOPDS, n, ALONE, REPRESENTS the
SO UN D OF Mg AND IS MARKED THUS, Tl.
7 7
an' ger •elan gor jan gler
an-gry -eongo jan glmg
an gle dan gle jin gte
j
an gler din gle Ian guid
I an gli -ean fan gte Ian guish
an gli ci§ m fin ger Ion ger
"
an gli glze fun gus Ion gest
an guish hun ger man gle
an gu lai hun &7 man gler
bran gle in gle man go
(
bun gle jan gle nun gle

-
 SPELLING BOOK. 135
MOVE, SONT WOLF, FOOT, MOON,
, OF.; KVLK, FULL,; KXIBT ;
€- K ; G =

men' ger lin' ger e Ion' gate

mon grel tan gle lin'ger ing
stron ger tin gle sy rm /
ga-
stron gest wran gle strin/ gu xy

No. 141.— C XL I
IN THE FOLLOWING WORDS THE d, t AND 11, PREFERABLY
TAKE THEIR REGULAR SOUNDS AS IN capture, verdure, pro-
j

nounced capt'yoor, verd'yoor, many speakers, HOWEVER,

SAY

eapt iire moist tire seiilpt' tire

cmet tire nat tire stat ure
ere at tire niirt lire gest tire
€ult tire 6rcl tire striet tire
feat tire past tire strtiet tire
fraet fire piet tire •siit lire

ftit tire post tire text tire

joint fire punet tire tinet tire
jiinet tire rapt ure tort ure
le-et tire i;upt tire vent Tire
mixt tire seript tire verd iire

Tbe lungs arc the organs of respiration. If any substance,

except inhaled and conies in contact with the lungs,
air, is

we instantly cough. This cough is an effort of nature to

free the lungs.
A finger signifies a taker, as does fang. We take or catch.
things with the fingers, and fowls. and rapacious quadrupeds
seize other animals with their fangs.
A pang is a severe pain. Anguish is violent distress.
A lecture is a discourse read or pronounced on any subject;
it is also a formal reproof.
The Bible, that is, the Old and the New Testament, contains
the Holy Scriptures.
Discourage cunning in a child : cunning is the ape of wisdom.
136 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €ARI% TALL, WHAT; HER, PREY, TIIKRE ; QET ; bTrI>, MARINE; LfTJK

Whatever is wrong is a deviation from right, or from the just

laws of God or man.
Anger is a tormenting passion, and so are envy and jealousy.
To be doomed to suffer these passions long, would be aa
severe a punishment as confinement in the state-prison.
An anglicism is a peculiar mode of speech among the English.

Love is an agreeable passion, and love is sometimes stronger

than death.
How happy men would be if they would always love what ia
right and hate what is wrong.

No. 142.— CXLII.

g AND K BEFORE SI ARE ALWAYS SILENT.
guar knav' ish knock' er
'

gnarl knav ish ly knoll

gnash knav ish ness knot
gnat knead knot' grass
gnaw knee knot' ted
gno' mon kneel knot' ty
gnos tics knife knot' ti Iv
gnos ti ci§m knight knot' ti ness
knab knight er' rant knout
knack knight' hood know
knag knight ly know' a ble
knag gy knit known
knap knit' ter know' ing
knap sack knit' ting- know' ing ly
knap weed knob knowY edge
knell knobbed knuck' le
knave knob' by knurl
knav' er y knock knurl y
Knead the dough thoroughly, if you would have good bread.)
The original signification of hiave was a boy but the word]
'
'
;

now signifies a dishonest person.'

'

In Russia, the knout is used to inflict stripes on the bard

back.
 SPELLING BOOK. 137
MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OE RULE, PULL
; ; EXIST ; € = K 4=J
; ; 8=Z J
f!H=8H.

No. 143.— C XL III.

IN THE FOLLOWING WORDS, CllHAS THE SOUND OF S9u, AND
IN MANY OF THEM 1 HAS THE SOUND OF C LONG.

chai§e cap u 9hin' cav a lier'

gha grin mag a zine quar an tine
'

cham pahm sub ma rine man da rin'*

9I11 cane trans ma rine cash ier'
9I11can' er y bom ba zine ma rine
9hev a lier' brig a dier ca price
9hiv'al ry can non ier po liqQ
9han de lier' cap a pie ias cine
9he rnige' car bin ier, fron tier

No. 144.— CXLIV.

IN THE FOLLOWING WORDS, THE VOWEL a IN THE DIGRAPH
ea, HAS NO SOUND, AND C IS EITHER SHORT, OR PRO-
NOUNCED like e in term; thus, bread, tread, earth, dearth,
are pronounced bred, tred, ertfi, derth.
bread health heaven peas.' ant
dead wealth leav en plea§ ure
head stealth heav y mea§ tire
tread clean§e read y treas. lire
dread earl health y treach er y
stead pearl wealth y en deav' or
thread earn feath er re hearse'
spread learn leath er threat' en
breast yearn leafh era break fast
breadth meant tread le stead fast
breath dreamt jeal ous mead 6w
earth realm jeal ous y pearl ash
dearth ear' ly zeal ous stealth y
threat earn est zeal ous ly stead y
sweat re search zeal ot stealth fill

search clean' ly plea§ ant health ful

138 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €ARE, FALL, WHAT; HER, PREY, THERE; GET BIRD, MARINE; LINK;
;

No. 145.— CXLV.

IN THE FOLLOWING, g IS SILENT.

p. stands for past tense ; ppr. for -participle of the present tense.

VERBS. P. PPR. AGENT. VERBS. P. PPR. AGENT.

sign ed ing er re §Ign' ed ing er

as sign' . ed ing er im pugn ed ing er
eon sign ed ing er op pugn ed ing er
de sign ed ing er ar raign ed ing er
ma lign ed ing er eoun' ter sign ed ing
Adjectives and Nouns.
eon dign' poign' ant for' eign en' sign
be nign ma lign' sov er eign earn paign'
IN THE FOLLOWING, THE SOUND OF g IS RESUMED.
as sig na' tion in dig' ni ty im preg' na ble
des ig na tion in dig nant op pug nan cy
re§ ig na tion dig' ni ty re pug nant
be nig' nant dig ni fy re pug nan cy
be nig ni ty preg .nant sig' ni fy
malignity preg nan cy sig ni fi ea' tion
ma lig nant im preg' nate sig mf i eant

No. 146.— C XL VI.

WORDS IN WHICH C, 1, AND O, BEFORE AS, ARE MUTE. THOSE
WITH V ANNEXED, ARE OR MAY BE USED AS VERBS, ADMIT-
TING eil FOR THE PAST TIME, AND IlSg FOR THE PAR^
TICIPLE.

ba'eon bra' zen bid' den

bea eon bro ken slack' en, v.
beech en black en, v. bound en
ba sin bat ten, v. but ton, v.
beat en beck on, v. broad en, v.
bit ten Mr den, v. cho §en
bla zon •
bur then, v. elo ven
 SPELLING BOOK. 139

No. 147.—C XL VII.

THE DOG.
This dog is He is active, strong, and used as a
the mastiff.
watch dog. He has a large head and pendent ears. He is
uot very apt to bite but he will sometimes take down a man
;

and hold him down. Three mastiffs once had a combat with
a lion, and the lion was compelled to save himself by flight.

THE STAG.

The stag is the male of the red deer. He is a mild and

harmless animal, bearing a noble attire of horns, which are
shed and renewed every year. His form is light and elegant,
and he runs with great rapidity. The female is called a hind
and the fawn or young deer, when his horns appear, is called
a pricket or brocket.
140 THE ELEMENTARY

THE SQUIRREL.
The squirrel is little animal
a beautiful The gray an<
black squirrels live in the forest and make a nest of leaves an<
sticks on the high branches. It is amusing to see the nimbi
squirrel spring from branch to branch, or run up and dowi
the stem of a tree, and dart behind it to escape from sighi
Little ground squirrels burrow in the earth. They subsist 01

nuts, which they hold in their paws, using them as little boy
use their hands.
« »

FABLE I.

OF THE BOY THAT STOLE APPLES.

An old man found
a rude boy upon one of his trees steal
ing apples, and desired him to come down; but the youm
saucebox told him plainly he would not. " Won't vou ? " sai<
 SPELLING BOOK. 141

the old man, "then I will fetch you clown; " so he pulled up
some turf or grass and threw at him but this only made the
;

youngster laugh, to think the old man should pretend to beat

lim down from the tree with grass only.
" Well, well," said the old man, " if neither words nor grass
must try what virtue there is in stones " so the old
will do, I ;

nan pelted him heartily with stones, which soon made the
poung chap hasten down from the tree and beg the old man's
pardon.
MORAL.
If good words and gentle means will not reclaim the wicJced,
\hey must oe dealt with in a more severe manner.

FABLE II

THE COUNTRY MAID AND HER MILK PAIL.

When men imagination to amuse them with

suffer their
he prospect of distant and uncertain improvements of their
condition, they frequently sustain real losses, by their inatten-
ion to those affairs in which they are immediately concerned.
A
country maid was walking very deliberately with a pail
)f milk upon her head, when she fell into the following train
)f reflections " The money for which I shall sell this milk,
:

vill enable me to increase my stock of eggs to three hundred,

jrhese eggs, allowing for what may prove addle, and what
nay be destroyed by vermin, will produce at least two hun-
Ired and fifty chickens. The chickens will be fit to carry to
narket about Christmas, when poultry always bears a good
142 THE ELEMENTARY
price; so that by May Day I can not fail of having money
enough to purchase a new gown. Green let !
— me consider
yes, green becomes my complexion and green it shall be.
best,
In this dress I will go to the fair, w here all the young fellows
r

will strive to have me for a partner; but I shall perhaps re-

fuse every one of them, and, with an air of disdain, toss from
them." Transported with this triumphant thought, she could
not forbear acting with her head what thus passed in her im-
agination, when down came the pail of milk, and with it all her
imaginary happiness.

FABLE III.

THE TWO DOGS.

Hasty and inconsiderate connections are generally attended
with great disadvantages and much of every man's good or
;

ill fortune, depends upon the choice he makes of his friends.

A good-natured Spaniel overtook a surly Mastiff, as he was
traveling upon the high-road. Tray, although an entire!
stranger to Tiger, very civilly accosted him and if it would ;
J

be no interruption, he said, he should be glad to bear him

company on his way. Tiger, who happened not to be alto-
gether in so growling a mood as usual, accepted the proposal
and they very amicably pursued their journey together. In
the midst of their conversation, they arrived at the next vil-
lage, where Tiger began to display his malignant disposition,
by an unprovoked attack upon every dog he met. The vil-
lagers immediately sallied forth with great indignation toj
rescue their respective favorites; and falling upon our two
friends, without distinction or mercy, poor Tray was most
cruelly treated, for no other reason than his being found in
bad company.
 SPELLING BOOK 143

FABLE IV

THE PARTIAL JUDGE.

I Afarmer came to a neighboring lawyer, expressing great
concern for an accident which he said had just happened.
r One of your oxen," continued he, " has been gored by an un-
lucky bull of mine, and I should be glad to know how I am to
make you reparation." "Thou art a very honest fellow," re-
plied the lawyer, " and wilt not think it unreasonable that I ex-
pect one of thy oxen in return." " It is no more than justice,"
quoth the farmer, " to be sure but what did I say ?— I mistake
;

|—it is your bull that has killed one of my oxen." "Indeed!

eays the lawyer, "that alters the case I must inquire into the
:

kffair; and if—" "And if!" said the farmer "the business
;

t find would have been concluded without an if had you been

%

Iks ready to do justice to others as to exact it from them."

FABLE V.
THE CAT AND THE BAT.
A certain cat had made such unmerciful havoc among the
rermin of her neighborhood, that not a single rat or mouse
lared venture to appear abroad. Puss was soon convinced
that if affairs remained in their present state, she must ere long
starve. After mature deliberation, therefore, she resolved to
Lave recourse to stratagem. For this purpose, she suspended
herself from a hook with her head downward, pretending to be
-

dead. The rats and mice, as they peeped from their holes, ob-
serving her in this dangling attitude, concluded she was hang-
ing for some misdemeanor, and with great joy immediately
sallied forth in quest of their prey. Puss, as soon as a sufficient
number were collected together, quitting her hold, dropped
into the midst of them ;
and very few had the fortune to make
144 THE ELEMENTARY

4fe

good their retreat. This artifice having succeeded so well, she J

was encouraged to try the event of a second. Accordingly,

she whitened her coat all over by rolling herself in a heap of i

flour, and in this disguise she lay concealed in the bottom of i

a meal tub. This stratagem was executed in general with the

same effect as the former. But an old experienced rat, alto-
gether as cunning as his adversary, was not so easily insnared.
44
1 don't quite like," said he, that white heap yonder.
;
Some-
thing whispers me there is mischief concealed under it. Tis 4

true, it may be meal, but it may likewise be something that I

should not relish quite as well. There can be no harm at lea6t
in keeping at a proper distance for caution, I am sure, is the
;

parent of safety."

FABLE VI.

THE FOX AND THE BRAMBLE.

A fox, closely pursued by a pack of dogs, took shelter under
the covert of a bramble. He rejoiced in this asylum, and for
 SPELLING BOOK. 145

a while,was very happy ; but soon found that if he attempted

he was wounded
to stir, by the thorns and prickles on every
side. However, making a virtue of necessity, he forebore to
complain, and comforted himself with reflecting that no bliss
is perfect that good and evil are mixed, and flow from the
;

same fountain. These briers, indeed, said he, will tear my

skin a little, yet they keep oif the dogs. For the sake of the
good, then, let me bear the evil with patience each bitter has
;

its sweet ; and these brambles, though they wound my flesh,

preserve my life from danger.

FABLE VII,

THE BEAR AND THE TWO FRIENDS.

Two friends, setting out together upon a journey which led
through a dangerous forest, mutually promised to assist each
3ther,"if they should happen to be assaulted. They had not
proceeded far, before they perceived a bear making toward
;hem with great rage.
There were no hopes in flight; but one of them, being very
ictive, sprang up into a tree; upon which the other, throwing
rimself flat on the ground, held his breath and pretended to
3e dead ; remembering to have heard it asserted that this
creature will not prey upon a dead carcass. The bear came
lp and after smelling of him some time, left him and went on.
When he was fairly out of sight and hearing, the hero from
—
he tree called out, " Well, my friend, what said the bear ?
3e seemed to whisper you very closely." " He did so," replied
he other, " and gave me this good advice, never to associate with
1 wretch, who, in the hour of danger, will desert his friend."
 146 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €A.BB, FALL, WIJAT ; HER, PKEY, TUKP.E ; 6KT ; TilRD, MA RISE; LINK;

" Henry, tell me

number of clays in a year." " Three hun-
the
dred and sixty-five/' " How many weeks in a year ? " " Fifty
two." " How many days in a week ? " " Seven." u What are they
called? " " Sabbath or Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday,
Thursday, Friday, Saturday." The Sabbath is a day of rest, and
called the Lord's day, because God has commanded us to keep
it holy. On that day we are to omit labor and worldly em
ployments, and devote the time to religious duties, and the
gaining of religious knowledge.
" hours are there in a day or day and night ? "
How many
" Twenty-four." " How many minutes in an hour ? " " Sixty
" How many seconds in a minute ? " " Sixty." Time is meas-
ured by clocks and watches or by dials and glasses.
;

The light of the sun makes the day, and the shade of the
earth makes the night. The earth revolves from west to east
once in twenty-four hours. The sun is fixed or stationary;
but the earth turns every part of its surface to the sun once in
twenty-four hours. The day is for labor, and the night is for
isleep and repose. Children should go to bed early in the
evening, and all persons, who expect to thrive in the world
should rise early in the morning.

No. 148.— CXI VI II.

WORDS NEARLY, BUT NOT EXACTLY, ALIKE IN PRONUNCIATION.
Ac cept', to take. al lowed', admitted, granted-
ex cept, to take out. a loud, with a great voice.
affect, to impress. er' rand, a message.
effect, what is produced er rant, wandering.
ac cede, to agree. ad di' tion, something added
ex ceed, to surpass. e di tion, publication.
pre scribe, to direct. Dal' lad, a song.
pro scribe, to banish,
ac cess, approach.
ex cess, superfluity.
bal let, a dance.
» al lot ? a ^ [vote
for noting, or
chron' i cal, of long continu
J

al In' sion, hint, reference. chron i cle, a history, [ance

il In sion, deception. clothes, garments.
e lu sion, evasion. close, conclusion.
acts, deeds. con' sort, husband or wife
ax, a tool for cutting. con cert, harmony.
as say', trial of metals. de scent', a falling, a slope.
es say', to try. dis sent, a differing.
*-af fu'sion, a pouring on. de cease', death.
f fu sion, a pouring out. dis ease, sickness.
 Spelling- book. 147
MOVE, SOX, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OH ; UFLE, PCLE ; EXIST ; €=K J
G=J |
;z ; Cir=sn.

e lie' it 9 to call forth. loin, part of an animal.

ii lie' it, unlawful. loom, a frame for weaving.
im me rare', to plunge. loam, a soft loose earth.
e merge, to coma forth. med'al, an ancient coin.
fat, fleshy. med die, to interpose.
vat, a tub or cistern. pint, half a quart.
gest' ure, motion. point, a sharp end.
jest er, one who jests. rad' ish, a garden vegetable.
i' die, not employed. red dish, somewhat red.
i do], an image. since, at a later time.
im pos' tor, a deceiver. sense, faculty of perceiving.
im post ure, deception. ten' or, course continued.
naugh' ty, had. ten ure, a holding.
knot ty, full of knots. tal'ents, ability.
in gen' u ous, frank. tal ons, claws.
in ge ni ous, skillful. val' ley, low land.
line, extension in length. val ue, worth.

WORDS SPELLED ALIKE, BUT PRONOUNCED DIFFERENTLY.

Au' gust, the eighth month. live, having life.
au gust', grand. mow (ow as in cow), a pile of ha]
bow (ow as in cow), to bend. mow, to cut with a scythe,
bow, for shooting arrows. read, to utter printed words.
bass, a tree; a fish. read [red], past tease of read.
bass, lowest part in music. rec' ol lect, to call to mind.
con jure', to entreat. re col lect', to collect again.
con' jure, to use magic art. re form', to amend.
des' ert, a wilderness. re' form, to make anew.
des serf, fruit, etc., at dinner.
rec' re ate, to refresh.
gal' lant, brave, gay. re ere ate', to create anew.
gal lant', a gay fellow, rout, defeat and disorder.
gill, the fourth of a pint. route, a way or course.
gill, part of a fish. slough, a place of mud.
bin' der, to stop. slough [duff], a cast skin.
hind er, further behind. tar'ry, like tar.
in' va lid, one not in health. tar ry, to delay.
in val' id, not firm or binding. tears, water from the eyes.
1 o w'er (ow as in cow), to be dark. tears, [he] rends.
low er, not so high. wind, air in motion.
live, to be or dwell. wind, to turn or twist.

WORDS PRONOUNCED ALIKE, BUT SPELLED DIFFERENTLY.

ail, to be in trouble. al' tar, a place for offering

ale, malt liquor. al ter, to change.
air, the atmosphere. ant, a little insect.
heir, one who inherits. aunt, a sister to a parent.
all, the whole. ark, a vessel.
awl, an instrument. arc, part of a circle.
;148 THE ELEMENTARY
BAR, LAST, -SAKE, FALL, WHAT ; HEP., PI jjy, there; get; bTrd, makYxe; link;

as cent', steepness. can' non, a large gun.

as sent, agreement. can on, a law of the church.
an' ger, a tool. ces' sion , a grant.
au gur, one who foretells, ses sion, the sitting of a court.
bail, surety. can' vas, coarse cloth.
bale, a pack of goods. can vass, to examine.
ball, a sphere. ceil, to make a ceiling.
bawl, to cry aloud. seal, to fasten a letter.
base, low, rile. seal' ing, setting a seal.
bass or base, iu music. ceil ing, of a room.
-
beer, a liquor. cens' er, an incense pan.
bier, a carriage for the dead: cen sor, a critic.
bin , a box. course, way, direction,
been, participle of be. coarse, not tine.
ber' ry, a little fruit: cote, a sheep-fold.
bu ry, to inter. coat, a garment.
beat, to strike. core, the heart.
beet, a root. corps, a body of soldiers.
blew, did blow. cell, a hut.
blue, a dark color. sell, to dispose of.
boar, a male swine. cen' tu ry, a hundred years.
bore, to make a hole. cen tau ry, a plant.
bow, to bend the body c chol' er, wrath.
bough, a branch. col lar, for the neck.
bell, to ring. cord , a small rope.
belle, a fine lady. chord, a line.
beau , a gay gentleman cite, to summon.
bow, to shoot with. site, situation.
bread, a kind of food. sight, the sense of seeing.
bred, educated. com' pie meat, a full number.
bur' row, for rabbits, [town. com pli meut, act of polite-
bor ough, an incorporated ness.
by, near at hand. cons' in, a relation.
buy, to purchase. coz en, to cheat.
bye, a dwelling. cur' rant, a berry.
bay, an inlet of water. cur rent, a stream.
bey, a Turkish governor deer, a wild animal.
be, to exist. dear, costly.
bee, an insect- cask, a vessel for liquids^
beach, sea-shore. casque, a helmet.
beech, a tree. ce'dar, a kind of wood.
boll, a pod of plants. ce der, one who cedes.
bowl, an earthen vessel. cede, to give up.
bole, a kind of clay. seed, fruit, offspring.
but, a conjunction. cent, the hundredth part of a
butt, two hogsheads. dollar.
brake, a weed. sent, ordered away.
break, to part asunder. scent, a smell.
Cain, a man's name. eel' lar, the lowest room=
cane, a shrub or staff. sell er, one who sells.
call, to cry out, or name. clime, a region.
caul, a net inclosing the bowels. climb, to ascend.
 SPELLING BOOK. 149
MOVE, SOX, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; KTTLK, pull exist
; ; €=k &=j s=z
; ; ; oh=sh.

couu' cil, an assembly. hale, healthy.

couii sel, advice. hart, a beast.
sym'bol, a type. heart, the seat of life.
cyra bal, a musical instrument. hare, an animal.
col' or, hue. hair, the fur of animals.
cul ler, one who selects. here, in this place.
dam, to stop water. hear, to hearken.
damn, to condemn. hew, to cut.
dew, falling vapors. hue, color.
due, owing. him, objective of lie.
die, to expire. hymn, a sacred song.
dye, to color. hire, wages.
doe, a female deer. high er, more high.
dough, bread not baked. heel , the hinderpart of the foot.
fane, a temple. heal, to cure.
feign, to dissemble. haul, to drag.
dire, horrid. hall, a large room.
dy er, one who colors. I, myself.
dun, to urge for money. eye, organ of sight.
dun, a brown color. isle (He), an island.
done, performed. aisle, of a church.
dram, a chink of spirit. in, within.
drachm, a small weight. inn, a tavern.
e lis' ion, the act of cutting off.
in diie', to compose.
e lys iau, blissful, joyful. in diet, to prosecute.
you, second person. kill, to slay.
yew, a tree. kiln, for burning bricks.
ewe, a female sheep.
knap, a protuberance.
fair, handsome. nap, a short sleep.
fare, customary duty.
knave, a rogue.
feat, an exploit. nave, of a wheel.
feet, plural of foot.
knead, to work dough.
freeze, to congeal. need, necessity.
frieze, in a building.
kneel, to bend the knee.
hie, to hasten. neal, to heat.
high, elevated, lofty.
kneAV, did know.
flea, an insect. new, fresh, not old.
flee, to run away.
know, to understand.
flour, of rye or wheat. no, not.
flow er, a blossom. knight, a title.
forth, abroad, night, darkness.
fourth, in number. knot, a tie.
foul , filthy. not, no, denying.
fowl, a bird. lade, to fill, to dip.
gilt, with gold. laid, placed.
guilt, crime. lain, did lie.
grate, iron bai-s. lane, a narrow street.
great, large. leek, a root.
grown, increased. leak, to run out.
groan, an expression of pain. less' on, a reading.
hail, to call; also frozen rain. les sen, to diminish.
150 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, CARE, FALL, WHAT; HER, PEEY, THERE; GET; BIRD, MARINE; LINK

li'ar, one who tells lies. neigh , as a horse.

lier, one who lies in wait* aught, any thing
lyre, a harp, ought, morallv owed, should.
led, did lead. o»ar, a paddle.
lead, a heavy metal j) re, of metal,
lie, -an untruth. one, a single thing-
lye, water drained through ashes won, did win,
lo, behold. .jh, alas.
low, humble, not higjn Dwe, to be indebted
lac, a gum. our, belonging to us
lack, want- hour, sixty minutes
lea, grass-land. plum* a fruit,
lee, opposite the wind plumb, a lead and line
leaf, of a plant, pale, without color,
lief, willingly. pail, a vessel,
lone, solitary. pain, distress,
loan , that is lent, pane, a square of glass,
lore, learning. pal' ate, part of the mouth,
low er, more loWc pal let, painter's board: abed,
lock, a eatch to a doofc pleas, pleadings.
loch, a lake, please, to give pleasure.
main, ocean; the chief pole, a long stick.
mane, of a horse. poll, the head.
made, finished. peel, to pare off the rioo
maid, an unmarried womai, peal, sounds.
male , the he kind. pair, a couple.
mail, armor; bag for letters pare, to cut off the rind
man' ner, mode of action pear, a fruit.
man or, lands of a lord, plain, even or level
meet, to come together-. plane, to make smooth,
meat, flesh, food. pray, to implore.
mete, measure. prey, booty, plundc?
mean, low, humble, prin' ci pal, chief.
mien, countenance.. prin ci pie, rule of action
mewl, to cry. prof it, advantage.
muie, a beast. proph et, a foreteller,
mi' ner, one who workg in a peace, quietude.
mine. piece, a part,
mi nor, less, or one under age pan' el, a square in a door,
moan, to grieve. pan nel, a kind of saddle.
mown, cut down, raise, to lift.
moat, a ditch. raze, to demolish.
mote, a speck. rain, water falling from clouds
more, a greater portion* reign, to rule.
mow er, one who mows. s-ap, to strike.
mite, an insect. wrap, to fold together
might, strength, read, to peruse^
met' al, gold, silver, etc reed, a plants
met tie, briskness. red, a color,
nit, egg of an inseet. read, did read,
knit, to join with needles. reek, to emit steam
nay, no. wreak, to revenge.
 SPELLING BOOK. 151
MOV!?, SOX, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OB ; BTTLE, PULL EXIST € =
;
J
1 l-=J ; 6 =Z J
OH=6H.

rest, to take ease. sum, the whole.

wrest, to take by force. some, a part.
rice, a sort of grain. sun, the fountain of light s

rise, source, beginning. sou, a male child.

rye, a sort of grain. stare, to gaze.
wry, crooked. stair, a step.
ring, to sound; a circle. steel, hard metal.
wring, to twist. steal, to take by theft.
rite, ceremony. suck er, a young twig.
right, just, sue' cor, help.
write, to make letters with a slight, to despise.
pen. sleight, dexterity.
wright, a workman. sole, of the foot.
rode, did ride. soul, the spirit.
road, the bighway- slay, to kill.
rear, to raise. sley, a weaver's reed.
rear, the hind part. sleigh, a carriage on runners.
rig' ger, one who rigs vessels, sloe, a fruit.
rig or, severity. slow, not swift.
ruif, a neck-cloth. stake, a post.
rough, not smooth. steak, a slice of meat.
rote, repetition of words, stile, steps over a fence.
wrote, did write. style, fashion, diction.
roe, a female deer. tacks, small nails.
row, a rank. tax, a rate, tribute.
roar, to sound loudly. throw, to cast away.
row er, one who rows. throe, pain of travail.
ah' bet, to cut, as the edge of a tare, an allowance in weight.
board, in a sloping manner. tear, to rend.
rab bit, an animal. tear, water from the eyes.
sail, the canvas of a sbip= tier, a row.
sale, the act of selling. team, of horses or oxen,
sea, a large body of water, teem, to produce.
see, to behold. tide, flux of the sea.
sa' ver, one who saves. tied, fastened.
sa vor, taste or odor, their, belonging to them.
seen, beheld. there, in that place.
scene, part of a play. the, definite adjective.
seine, a iish net. thee, objective case otthou.
sen' ior (s&n'ytir), older. too, likewise.
seign ior, a Turkish king, two, twice one.
seam, where the edges join. toe, extremity of the foot.
seem, to appear. tow, to drag.
shear, to cut with shears. vail, a covering.
sheer, clear,unmixed, vale, a valley.
sent, ordered away. vial, a little bottle.
cent, a small coin. viol, a fiddle.
scent, smell. vane, to sbow which way the
shore, sea-coast. wind blows.
shore, a prop. vein, for the blood.
so, in such a manner. vice, sin.
sow, to scatter seed. vise, a griping instrument.
152 THE ELEMENTARY
BAE, LAST, €AKE, FALL, WHAT; HER, PREY, THERE; GET; BIRD, MARINE; LINK I

wait, to tarry. weigh, to find the weight.

weight, heaviness. week, seven days.
wear, to carry, as clothes. weak, not strong.
ware, merchandise. wood, timber.
waste, to spread. would, past time of will.
waist, a part of the body. weather, state of the air.
way, road, course. wether, a sheep.

What the child ?

ails We bear evils.
Ale a fermented liquor, made
is Trees bare of leaves.
from malt. Beech wood makes a good fire.
The awl is a tool used by shoe- The waves beat on the beach.
makers and harness-makers. A wild boar is a savage beast.
All quadrupeds that walk and Miners bore holes in rocks, and
do not leap, walk upon four burst them with powder.
legs. The boll of plants is a seed ves
The Prince of Wales is heir to the sel.
crown of England. Eat a bowl of bread and milk.
We breathe air. The planks of vessels are fastened
The moon alters its appearance with copper bolts.
every night. Millers separate the bran from
The Jews burned sacrifices upon the flour by large sieves called
an altar of stone. bolts.
Cruel horsemen beat their horses. The breech of a gun is its butt or
Molasses may be made from club end.
beets. A ram butts with his head.
A fine beau wears fine clothes. We import butts of spirits.
The rainbow is caused by the Brakes are useless weeds.
sun's shining upon the falling We break flax and hemp in dress
rain. ing.
Beer may be made from malt and Weil-bred people do not always
hops. eat wheat bread.
They bore the body to the grave A butt contains two hogsheads
on a bier. but a barrel, 31! gallons.
The great bell in Moscow, weighs We judge of people's motives by\
two hundred and twenty tons. their actions.
The belles and the beaux are fond We can not buy a seat in heaven
of fine shows. with our money.
Blackberries and raspberries grow Clothiers smooth their clothes
on briers. with calenders.
The farmer, when he plants seeds, Almanac makers publish new cal-
buries them in the ground. endars every year.
Wheat is a letter grain than rye. Sails are made 6f canvas.
One who lays a wager is a bettor. Inspectors canvass votes.
The wind blew. The courts of New York hold
The color of the sky is blue. their sessions in the City Hall.
Your father's or your mother's Since the cession, of Florida^ the
sister is your aunt. United States have been bound-
The little ants make hillocks. ed on the south by the Gulf of
Carpenters bore holes with an Mexico.
auger. We call the membrane that covers
An augur foretells. the bowels a caxd.
Boys love to play ball. Live fish are kept in the water,
Children bawl for trifles. near our fish markets, in caufs.
Bears live in the woods. Consumptive people are afflicted
An oak bears acorns. with bad coughs.
 SPELLING BOOK. 153
MOVE, 60X, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OB RTTLE, PULLJ ; EXIST ; €- -J ; 8 =Z ; OH=6IL

Brass cannon are more costly than Panes of glass are put into window
iron. frames.
Church laws are canons. Pains are distressing.
Farmers are sellers of apples and Shoes are sold by 2^i>'s.
cider, which are put into cel- People pare apples to make pies.
lars. Pears are not so common as ap-
A liar is not believed. ples.
The lyre is a musical instrument A person who has lost his palate
Galileo made the telescope. can not speak plain.
A charming maid or maiden. The painter holds his pallet in his
The Missouri is the main branch hand.
of the Mississippi. The child sleeps on a pallet.
A horse's mane grows on his The comma is the shortest pause
neck. in reading.
The male bird has a more beau Bears seize their prey with their
tiful plumage than the female. paws.
The mail is opened at the post- Good people love to live in peace.
office. Our largest piece of silver coin is
Children should imitate the man a dollar.
ners of polite people. The peak of Teneriffe is fifteen
The farms of the English nobility thousand feet high.
are called manors. The Jews had a pique or ill-will
A mite is an insect of little might against the Samaritans.
Mead is a pleasant drink. On' the Fourth of July, the bells
Lying is a mean practice. ring a loud peal.
We mean to study grammar. The farmer peels the bark from
The Hudson and' East rivers meet trees for the tanner.
at the Battery. The British Parliament is a legis-
Salt will preserve meat. lative assembly, consisting of
Miners work in mines. the Hoiise of Peers and the
Minors are not allowed to vote House of Commons.
David moaned the loss of Absa Our vessels lie near the piers in
lorn. our harbor.
When grass is mown and dried we The carpenter planes boards with
call it hay. his plane.
Forts are surrounded by a moat. The essential principles of re-
Mote is an atom. ligion arc written in plain lan-
A brigade of soldiers is more than guage.
a regiment. Babylon stood upon an extended
Mowers mow grass. plain.
Brass is a compound metal. Polite people please their com-
A lively horse is a horse of met panions.
tie. The courts of common pleas are
Fishes are caught in a net. held in the courthouse-*.
Clear profits are called net gain The builder xises the plumb and
Boats are rowed with oars. line to set his walls perpendicu-
Ores are melted to separate the lar.
metal from the dross. Plums grow on trees.
A bird flew over the house. One dollar is one hundred cents.
The smoke ascends in the flue. The most depraved gambler won
Gums 0028 through the pores of the money.
wood. The cat preys upon mice.
The tanner puts his hides into We should pray for our enemies.
ooze. The student pore* over his books
We carry water in pails. day after day.
Gardens are sometimes surround- The Niagara river pours down a
ed by a fence made of pales. precipice of a hunched and fifty
Sick people look pale. feet.
154 THE ELEMENTARY
BAR, LAST, €AUK, FALL, WHAT; IIRK, fRKY, THERE ; QKV ; BIR!>, MARINE; LINK;

Wo sweat through the pores of the Cumberland road leads from Bal-
skin. timore to Wheeling.
The Hudson is the principal river King David rode upon a mule.
of New York. Children often learn the alphabet
A man of good principles merits by rote before they know the
our esteem. letters.
There is no profit in profane swear- Oliver Goldsmith wrote several
ing. good histories.
The prophet Daniel was a prisoner Paste is made of rye flour.
in Babylon. Children make wry faces when,
Panel doors are more expensive thc.y eat sour grapes.
than batten doors. A roe deer has no horns.
The court impanel jurors to judge Corn is planted in rows.
causes in court. Oarsmen row boats with oars.
God sends his rain on the just and The joiner rabbets boards.
the unjust. Rabbits are lively animals.
Horses are guided by the reins of The river Danube runs into the
the bridle: Black Sea.
Queen Victoria reigns over Great This house is for sale.
Britain and Ireland. We sail for Liverpool to-morrow.
The barber shaves his patrons with Owls can not see well when thq
a razor. sun shines.
Fanners are raise?'s of grain. Seals are caught both in the north-
The Laplander wraps "himself in ern and the southern sens.
furs in the winter. We seed letters with wafers and
When we wish to enter a house, sealing-wax.
we rap at the door. Masons ceil the inner roof with
Reeds grow in swamps, and have lime-mortar.
hollow, jointed stems. A plastered ceiling looks better
Wo should read the Bible with than a ceiling made of boards.
seriousness. We have never seen a more daz-
We should often think upon what zling object than the sun in
we have read. summer.
The hyacinth bears a beautiful A thunder -storm is a sublime
large red flower. scene.
Nero wreaked his malice upon the Fishermen catch shad in seiner..
Christians. The city of Paris stands on the
Brutus held up the dagger reeking river Seine.
with the blood of Luerctia. John Smith, Senior, is father to'
We rest on beds. John Smith, Junior.
The English wrested Gibraltar from The Sultan of Turkey is also called
the Spaniards. the Grand Seignior.
Rice grows in warm climates. The su* seems to rise and set.
The rise of the Missouri is in the Neat sewers (so'erz) make hand-
Rock}' Mountains. some seams with their needles. ?
Some ladies are fond of gold rings. Sh ecp-shearers shear the wool fromj
The bell rings for church. the sheep.
Washerwomen vrring clothes. When the" wolf sees the shced
Riggers rig vessels that is, lit the
; well guarded he sheers off.
shrouds, stays, braces, etc., to Waves dash against thy shore.
the masts and yards. When ship-builders build vessels^
Hannibal crossed the Alps in the they sJiore them up with props.
irjor of winter. The writer signs his name.
Baptism is a rite of the Christian Heavy clouds are signs of rain.
church. Mankind slay each other in cruel
It is not right to pilfer. wars.
Wheelwrights make carts and wag- A sleigh or sled runs on snow and
ons ice.
 SPELLING BOOK. 155
MOVK, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; P.rLE, PtTLL ; EXIST J
€=K ; G =J ; 6 =Z ; f!K=SH.

Children should never slight, their Ladies wear sashes round the
parents. waist.
[ndians live in very slight build- Foolish children waste their time
ings, called -wigwams. in idleness.
Some have a good sleight at Time waits for no one.
work. Butter is sold by weight.
i a black wild plum.
sloe is Earthen ware is baked in furnaces.
Fhe sloth is slow in moving. A Turk wears a turban instead of
die lark soars into the sky. a hat.
\. boil is a sore swelling. Sickness makes the body vjeak.
b. sower sows his seeds. Seven days constitute one week.
We have some knowledge.
all We weigh gold and silver by Troy
Hie sum of four and live is'nine. Weight.
Hie sole of a shoe is the bottom The way of a good man is plain.
of it. The weather is colder in America
rhe sun is the sole cause of day. than in the same latitudes in
3ur souls are immortal. Europe.
Cents arc fastened with stakes. Among the flock of sheep were
beefsteaks are good food. twenty fat wethers.
'A wise son makes a glad fa- [en h
ther." foot.
fVithout the sun all animals and Horses tow the canal boats.
vegetables would die. Tow is hatcheled from flax.
rhe Jews were not permitted to Good scholars love their books.
have stairs to their altars. There are no tides in the Baltic
Do not let children stare at stran- Sea.
gers. Women wear vails.
Stiles are steps over fences. The valley of the Mississippi is
joldsmith wrote in a clear plain the largest vale in the United
style. States.
3aul threw his javelin at David. The vane shows which way the
rhe Israelites went through the wind blows.
Red Sea. Arteries convey the blood from
Tares grow among wheat. the heart and veins.
Krocers subtract the tare from the A vial of laudanum.
gross weight. A hnse-viol is a large fiddle, and a
Sever tear jour clothes. violin is a small one.
rhe plumb-line hangs straight to- We shed tears of sorrow when we
ward the center of the earth, lose our friends.
he Straits of Gibraltar separate Ships often carry two tiers of:
Spain from Morocco. gnus.
uccor a man in distress. A team of horses will travel faster
lackerssprout from the root of than a team of oxen.
an old stock. Fanners rejoice when their farms
hoemakers drive tacks into the teem with fruits.
heels of shoes. The tide is caused by the attrac-
^eople pay a heavy tax. tion of the moon and sun.
'
ions have long bushy tails. A black notion is tied on the left
he tale of Robinson Crusoe is a arm and worn as a badge of
celebrated romance. mourning.

lany things are possible which are not practicable. That is

possible which can be performed by any means that is: ;

practicable which can be performed by the means which are

in our power.
3ank notes are redeemable in cash.
156 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €ARE, FALL, WHAT; HER, PUgY, THERE GET; ; BIRD, MARINE; LIKK

No. 149.— C XL IX.

WORDS OF IRREGULAR ORTHOGRAPHY.
WRITTEN. PRONOUNCED. WRIT PRONOUNCED. •WRITTEN. PRONOUNCE

any en'ny ghost gost Should shdbd

many men' ny corps kore debt det

demesne de meen' ache ake phlegm flem

bat eau bat o' half haf CrOUp kroop
beau bo calf kaf tomb toom
beaux boze calve kav womb woom
bu reau bu/ ro one wiin wolf wdolf
been bin once wun<?e yacht yot
bu ry ber' ry done dun dough do
bu ri al ber' I al gone gon neigh na
bus y biz' zy. folks foks sleigh sla

isle lie ra tio ra' sbo weigh

isl and I' land va lise va le^e' gauge gage
does duz o cean o' sbun bough bou
says sez though tho slough slou

said sed broad brawd doubt dout

lieu la could kood is Sue isk' shu
adieu a du' would wood tis SUe tish'ski

PRONOUNCED. PRONOUNCED,

busi ness biz' flam beau flam' bo

bus i ly biz' I ly right eous ri' chus
colonel kur' nel car touch kar tooch
haut boy ho' boy in veigh in va'
masque mask sur tout sur toot'
sou, sous soo worn an woom' an
gui tar gitar' worn en wim' en
i pur lieu pur'lu bis cuit bis' kit

su gar slidbg' ar cir cuit sir' kit

-vis count vi ' kount sal mon sum' un

ap ro pos ap ro po' isth mus is' mus
 SPELLING BOOK. 157
IOVE, 80N, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; BtJLE, PULL EXIST
; ; €=K 6= -J B~z
; ; ; r,H = SH.
•WRITTEN. PRONOUNCED. WRITTEN. PRONOUNCED.

neigh bor na' bur mort gage mor' gej

piqu ant pik' ant seign ior seen yur
piqu an cy pik' an cy se ragl io se ral' yo
ptis an tiz' an asth ma ast' ma
phthis ic tiz' ik beau ty bu'ty
sol dier sol' jer beau te ous bu/ te us

vict uals vit' tig bdell ium del' yum

ca tarrh katar7 ca noe ka noo'
bou quet boo ka' plaid plad
bru nette bru net' schism sizm
ga zette * ga zet' feoff ment fef ' ment
in debt ed in det' ed hal cy on hal' si on
lieu ten ant lu ten' ant mis tie toe miz' zl to
qua drille kwa dril' psal mo dy sal' mo dy
pneU mat icS nu mat'iks bal sam ic bal sam' ik

IN THE FOLLOWINC r, 1 IS SILENT.

balk chalk talk

•calk stalk : walk
THE FOLLOWING END WITH THE SOUND < 3F f.

chough rough cough <-eawf)

dough * slough f trough (trawf)

tough e nough' laugh (laf)

ll AFTER r M SILENT. !

rheum rhu barb

7
rheu mat ie rhet' o lie
rheu/ ma ti§m rhap' so *y
rhyme rhi nog' e ros

g IS SILENT BEFOEE 11.

deign ed ing reign ed ing

feign ed ing 'poign' ant
*A cleft. t The cas t-off skin of a serpent, etc.
 158 THE ELEMENTARY
BAR, LAST, «j£jSBj FALL, WHAT; HER, FREY, THERE; get; bIrd, marine; link;

i BEFORE HI IS SILENT IN THE FOLLOWING.

7
calm balm y psalm
ealm7 ly em balm' qualm
•ealm ness alms. qualm ish
be ealm' alms/ house psalm ist
balm alms, giv ing holm

IN THE FOLLOWING, geosi and gion ARE PRONOUNCED A

jun ; eois, as zm ; clicon, as cJiun; geous and gious
AS jus.
7
bludgeon sur geon pro di7 gious
7
dud geon dun geon '
pun cheon
gud geon pig eon , trun cheon
* stur geon wid geon seiitch eon
le gion ton cheon es euteh' eon
re gion eon ta 7 gious eur mud geon
eon ta/gion e gre gious , gor'geous
7
re li gion re li gioiis * sac ri le gious

IN THE FOLLOWING, ©11 AND aif ARE PRONOUNCED AS au

AND gll IS MUTE.

bought ought wrought

brought sought naught
fought thought fraught

IN THE FOLLOWING, THE LETTERS 11 AT THE END OF THJ

PRIMITIVE WORD ARE SILENT.

plague vogue pique

7
vague tongue har angue
7
league mosque ap o logue :

brogue in trigue' eat a logue

rogue o paque di a logue
/
fa tigue u nique ec logue
 SPELLING BOOK. 159

No. 150.— CL.

1. Regular verbs form the past tense, and participle of the past, by taking
ed, and the participle of the present tense by taking ing ; as, called,
calling, from call. Tfie letter p. stands for past tense ; ppr. for ^parti-
ciple of the present tense ; and a. for agent.

p. ppr, p. ppr. p. ppr.

call ed ing pray ed ing al low ed ing
turn ed mg cloy ed mg a void ed ing
burn ed ing jest ed mg em ploy ed ing
plow ed mg a bound ed mg pur loin ed ing
sow ed mg ab scond ed ing rep re sent ed ing
plant ed mg al lay ed mg an noy ed ing

2. Monosyllabic verbs ending in a single consonant after a single voioel,

and other verbs ending in a single consonant after a single vowel and
accented on the last syllable, double the fined consonant in the deriva-
tives. Thus, abet, abetted, abetting, abettor.

p. ppr. a. p. ppr. a. p. ppr. a.

bet ted
a, ting tor wed ded ding tre pan ned ning ner
Jfret ted ting ter bar red ring de fer red ring
Iman ned ning ex pel led ling ler ab nor red ring rer
plan ned ning ner re bel led ling ler in cur red ring

;3. Verbs having a digraph, diphthong, or long vowel sound before the last
consonant, do not double that consonant.

p. ppr. a. p. ppr. a. p. ppr. a.

tseal ed ing er claim ed ing er re coil ed ing

fheal ed ing er cool cd ing er ve neer ed ing
oil ed ing er ap pear ed ing er a vail ed ing
[hail ed ing er re peat ed ing er re strain ed ing er

4. Verbs ending in tivo consonants, do not doicMe the last.

p. ppr. a p. ppr. a. p. ppr. a.

gild ed ing er dress ed ing er re sist ed ing er

{long ed ing er paint ed ing er con vert ed ing er
watch ed ing er charm ed ing er dis turb ed ing er

,5. Verbs e iding in a single consonan t. preceded by a single voi 'el, the last
consonant or syllable not being accented, ought not to double the last
emisonant in the derivatives,

p. ppr. p. ppr. p. ppr.

\
bi as ed ing lev el ed ing grav el ed ing
bev el ed ing coun sel ed ing grov el ed ing
•
can cei ed ing cud gel ed ing par al lei ed ing
car ol ed ing driv el ed ing jew el ed ing
cav il ed ing du el ed ing kern el ed ing
chan nel ed ing e qual ed ing la bel ed ing
'
chis el ed ing gam bol ed ing lau rcl ed ing
j
160 THE ELEMENTARY
lev el ed rag ri val ed mg mod el ed ing
libel ed ins: row el ed frig wag on ed ing
mar shal ed lDg shov el ed ing clos et ed ing
par eel ed mg shriv el ed ing riv et ed ing
pen cil ed mg tram me] ed mg lim it ed mg
pom mel ed Ing trav el ed ing ben e fit ed ing
quar rel ed me; tun nel ed ing profit ed ing
rev el ed ing wor ship ed mg buffet ed mg
6. The name of the agent, vrfien the verb admits of it, is formed in like
manner, without doubling the last consonant, as, caviler, worshiper,
duelist, libeler, traveler. So also adjectives are formed from these
verbs without doubling the last consonant, as, libelous, marvelous.

7. When verbs end in c after d and t, the final e in the past tense and
participle of the perfect tense, unites with d and forms an additional
syllable, but it is dropped before ing. Thus, abate, abated, abating.
ab di cate d ing de grade d ing cor rode d ing
ded catei d ing suf fo cate d ing de lude d ing
med i tate d ing ed u cate d ing in trude d me;
im pre cate d ing in vade d ing sx plode d ing
vin di cate d ing con cede d ing de ride d mg
8. In verbs ending in c after any other consonant than d and t, the past
tense is formed by the addition of d, and this letter with the final e may
form a distinct syllable; but usually the e is not sounded. Thus
abridged, is pronounced abridjd ; abased, abaste. Before ing, e w
dropped.

abase a ing pro nounce d ing crit i cise d mg

a bridge d mg man age d mg em bez zle d mg
con fine d mg rejoice d mg dis o blige d ing
com pose d mg cat e chise d ing dis fig ure d ing
re fuse d mg com pro mise d ing un der val ue (1 mg
Note. Although ed in the past tense and participle is thus blended with
the last syllable of the verb, yet when a noun is formed by adding ness
to such participles, the ed becomes a distinct syllable. Thus blessed
may be jir&nounced in one syllable ; but bless-ed-ness must be in three.

9. Verbs ending in ay, oy, ow, ew, and ey, have regular derivatives in
ed and ing.

ar ray ed ing ailoy ed ing re new ed ing

al lay ed mg em ploy ed mg con vey ed ing
pray ed mg de stroy ed mg fol low ed ing
stray ed ing an noy ed ing be stow ed mg
de lay ed mg en dow ed mg con voy ed mg
But a few monosyllables, as pay, say, and lay, change y into i, as
paid, said, laid.

10. Verbs ending in y, change y into i in the past tense and participle of
the perfect, but retain ifin the participle of the present tense.

cry cried cry ing dry dried dry ing

de fy de fied de fy ing car ry car ried car ry mg
ed i fy ed i fied ed i fy ing mar ry mar ried mar ry mg
 SPELLING BOOK. 161
— ———— —— t
;

11. Verbs ending in y change this letter to i in the second and third per-
sons, and in the word denoting the agent. Thus:
Solemn Style. Familiar Style. Agent.
I cry thou criest he crieth he cries crier
I try thou triest he trieth he tries trier

Past tense.

I cried thou criedst he we ye they cried

I tried thou triedst he we ye they tried

12. Verbs ending in ie change ie into y when the termination ing of the
present participle is added, as die, dying, lie, lying.

The past tense, and participle of the present, are regular.

died lied tied hied vied

Formation of the plural number of nouns.

13. TJie regular plural of nouns is formed by the addition of sto the sin-
gular, which letter unites with most consonants in the same syllable, but
sounds like z after all the consonants except the aspirates f, p, q, t, k,
or c loith the sound ofk.
sing. plu. sing. phi. sing. plu.
slab slabs roll rolls strait straits
lad lads ham hams post posts
chief . chiefs chain chains port ports
bag bags crop crops sight sights
back backs tear , tears sign signs

a. 'Wlien tlie noun ends in c, if s will coalesce with the preceding conso-
nant, it does not form an additional syllable.

bride brides knave knaves bone bones

blade blades date dates cake cakes
l
smile smiles note notes flame flame3

I
b. If s will not coalesce with the preceding consonant, it unites with e,
and forms an additional syllable.
\
grace gra ces maze ma zes pledge pledg es
spice spi ces fleece flee ces stage sta ges

14. When nouns end in ch, sh, ps, and x, the plural is formed by the
addition of es.
church churches bush bushes dress dresses
peach peaches glass glasses fox foxes

15. Nouns ending in y after a consonant, form the plural by the changing
of y into i, and the addition of es ; the termination ies being pro-
nounced ize, in monosyllables, and iz in most other words.
fly flies du ty du tics fu ry fu ries
cry cries glo ry glo ries her ry ber ries
sky skies ru by ru bies mcr cy iner cies
cit y cit ies la dy la dies va can cy va can cies
162 THE ELEMENTARY
10. Nouns ending in ay, cy, oy, ow, ew, take s only to form, tJie plural.

clay days val ley val leys boy boys

way ways mon ey mon eys bow- bows
bay bays at tor ney at tor neys vow vows
delay delays survey surveys" clew clews

17. Nouns ending in a vowel take s or es.

sea seas boe noes woe woes pie pies

18. When the singular ends in f, the plural is usually formed by changing
f into v, with es.

life lives loaf loaves calf calves

wife wives leaf leaves half halves
knife knives sbelf shelves sheaf sheaves
beef beeves wharf wharves thief thieves

Adjectives formed from nouns by the addition ofy.

n n n
bulk silk pith ram
flesh milk meal hill

Some nouns when they take y, lose e final.

flake flaky scale scaly stone stony
plume plumy smoke smoky bone bouv
Adjectives formed from nouns by ly
n n n • a
friend love man earth ly
home time cost lord lv

Nouns formed from adjectives in y, by changing y into i and taking ncss.

a ii a n a n
hap py i ncss la zy i ness drow sy i ness sha dy i ness
loft y i ness' emp ty i ness diz zy i ness cliil ly i ness

Adverbs formed from adjectives in by a change

y, ofy into i, and the
addition of ly.
a ad a ad a ad a ad
craft y i ly luck y i ly loft y i ly gloom y i ly

Adverbs formed from adjectives by the addition of ly.

a ad a ad a ad
fer vent lv brill iant iy em i nent iy
pa tient ly op u lent ly per ma neni

Nouns formed from adjectives by adding ness.

a n a n n
au da cious ness of fi cious ncss ra pa cious ness
ca pa cious ness licen tious ness in ge ni ous ness

Adjectives formed from nouns by less, adverbs by ly, and nouns by ness.
bound less ly ness blame less ly ness
fear less ly ness need less ly ness
hope less ly ness faich less ly ness
 SPELLING BOOK. 163

Adjectives formed from nouns by ful, from which adverbs are formed by
ly, and nouns by ness.

n a ad n n a ad n n a ad n
art ful ly ness pain ful ly ness skill ful ly ness
care i'ul ly ness grace ful ly ness peace ful ly ness

TJie termination, ist added to words denotes an agent,

art 'at form a list loy al ist or gan ist du el ist hu mor ist

In some words, y is changed into i.

zo ol o gy zo ol o gist or ni thol o gy or ni thol o gist

The prefix ante denotes before.

date ante-date chamber ante-chamber diluvian ante-diluvian
past ante-past penult ante-penult nuptial ante-nuptial

The prefix anti usually denotes opposition or against.

Christ anti-christ Christian anti-christian febrile anti-febrile

Be, a prefix, generally denotes intensity; sometimes to make, as becalm,

befoul.
daub be-daubdew be-dew friend be-friend labor be-labor
numb be-numb moan be-moan speak be-speak sprinkle bc-sprinkle

The prefix con, or co, denotes with or against; con is changed into col
before 1.

co-equal co-exist co-habit con-form

co-eval co-extend con-firm con-join

The prefix counter denotes against or opposition.

balance counter-balance act counter-act evidence counter-evidence
-plead counter-plead work counter-work part counter-part

The prefix de denotes down from ; sometimes it gives a negative sense.

ibase de-base bar de-bar compose de-compose cry de-cry

jform de-form fame de-fame face de-face garnish de-garnish

Dis denotes separation, departure hence gives to words a negative

;

sense.
able dis-ablc agree dis-airree allow dis-allow belief dis-bclief
credit dis-credit esteem dis-esteern grace dis-grace honor dis-honor

Fore denotes before in time, sometimes in place.

bode fore-bode father fore-father know fore-know noon fore-noon

tell fore-tell taste fore-taste warn fore-warn run fore-run

In, which is sometimes changed into il, im. and ir, denotes in, on, upon,
or against it gives to adjectives a negative sense, as, infirm ; some-
;

times it is intensive sometimes it denotes to make as, bank, im-

; ;

bank ; brown, imbrown ; bitter, imbitter.

In the foUoioing, it gives a negative sense,

material im-material moderate im-moderate mutable im-mutable
164 THE ELEMENTARY
pure im-pure active in-active applicable in-applicable
articulate in-articulate attention in-attention cautious in-cautious
defensible in-defensible discreet in-discreet distinct in-distinct
religious ir-religious reverent ir-reverent revocable ir-revocable

Non is used as a prefix, giving to words a negative sense.

anpearance non-appearance compliance non-compliance

conformist non-conformist resident. non-resident

Out, as a prefix, denotes beyond, longer than, or more than,

leap out-leap live out-live venom out-venom weigh out-weigh

Over, as a prefix, denotes above, beyond, excess, too much.

balance over-balance bold over-bold burden over-burden

charge over-charge drive over-drive feed over-feed
flow over-flow load over-load pay over-pay

Trans, a prefix, signifies beyond, across or over,

plant trans-plant Atlantic trans-atlantic

Pre, as a prefix, denotes before, in time or rank.

caution pre-caution determine pre-determine eminent pre-eminent

mature pre-mature occupy pre-occupy suppose pre-suppose
conceive pre-conceive concert pre-concert exist pre-exist

Re, a prefix, denoies again or repetition.

assert re-assert assure re-assure bound re-bound

dissolve re-dissolve embark re-embark enter re-enter
assume re-assume capture re-capture collect re-collect
commence re-commence conquer re-conquer examine re-examine
export re-export pay re-pay people re-people

Un, a prefix, denotes not, and gives to words a negative sense.

abashed un-abashedabated un-abated abolished un-abolished,
acceptableun-acceptableadjusted un-adjusted attainable un-attainable
biased un-biased conscious un-conscious equaled un-equalcd
graceful un-graceful lawful un-lawful supported un-supported

Super, supra, and sur, denote above, beyond, or excess.

abound super-abound eminent super-eminent
mundane supra-mundane charge sur-charge

He seldom lives frugally, who lives by chance, or without method.

Without frugality, none can be rich ; and with it, few would be poor, j

The most necessary part of learning is to unlearn our errors.

Small parties make up in diligence what they want in numbers.
Some talk of subjects which they do not understand; others praise
virtue, who do not practice it.
The path of duty is alwa3 s the path of safety.
r

Be very cautious in believing ill of your neighbor but more cautious ; ]

in reporting it.
 SPELLING BOOK. 165

OF NUMBERS.
FIGURES. LETTERS. NAMES. NUMERAL ADJECTIVES.

1 I one first
2 II two second
3 III three third
4 IV four fourth
5 V five fifth
G VI six sixth
7 VII seven seventh
8 VIII eight eighth
9 IX nine ninth
10 X ten^. tenth
11 XI eleven eleventh
13 XII twelve twelfth
13 XIII thirteen thirteenth
14 XIV fourteen fourteenth
15 XV fifteen fifteenth
16 XVI sixteen sixteenth
17 XVII seventeen seventeenth
18 XVIII eighteen eighteenth
19 XIX nineteen nineteenth
20 XX twenty twentieth
30 XXX thirty thirtieth
40 XL forty fortieth
50 L fifty fiftieth
GO LX sixty sixtieth
70 LXX seventy seventieth
80 LXXX eighty eightieth
90 xc ninety ninetieth
100 c one hundred one hundredth
200 cc two hundred two hundredth
300 ccc three hundred three hundredth
400 cccc four hundred four hundredth
500 D five hundred five hundredth
600 DC six hundred six hundredth
700 DCC seven hundred seven hundredth
800 DCCC eight hundred eight hundredth
903 DCCCC nine hundred nine hundredth
1000 M one thousand, Szc. one thousandth
1829 MDCCCXXIX one thousand eight hundred and twenty-nine

•i one half. \ one sixth. TV one tenth.

1-1 1-11111 1-111111111
* one third. \ one seventh. | two fifths.
1-11 1-111111 11-111

i one fourth. i one eighth. ^ four fifths.

1-111 1-1111111 1111-1

£ one fifth. 4f one ninth. ^ nine tenths.

1-1111 i-liiilin 111111111-1

!
166 THE ELEMENTARY
WORDS AND PHRASES FROM FOREIGN LANGUAGES, FREQUENTLY
OCCURRING IN ENGLISH BOOKS, RENDERED INTO ENGLISH.
L. stands for Latin, F.for French, S.for Spanish.
Ad captaiidum vulgus, L, to capti- Fortiter in re, L. with firmness in
vate the populace. acting.
Adfinem., L. to the end. Gens cVarmes, F. armed police.
Ad hominem, L. to the man. Habeas corpus, L. that you have
Ad infinitum, L. to endless extent. the body. [A zoritfor delivering
Ad libitum, L. at pleasure. .a person from prison.]
Ad referendum, L. for further con- Hicjacet, L. here lies.
sideration. Honi soli qui mal y pense, F. shame
Ad valorem, L. according to the be to him that evil thinks.
value. Hotel dieu, F. a hospital.
Alma mater, L. a cherishing moth- Impromptu, L. without previous
er. study.
A mensa et ilioro, L. from bed and In statu quo, L. in the former state.
board. In toto, L. in the whole.
Anglice, L. according to the Eng- Ipse dixit, L. he said.
lish manner. Ipso facto, L. in fact.
Avalanche, F. a snow-slip ; a vast Jet-d'eau, F. a water-spout.
body of snow that slides down Jeu a" esprit, F. a play of wit.
a mountain's side. Lex talionis, L. the law of retalia-
Auto da fe, S. act of faith a sen- ; tion ; as, an eye for an eye, etc.
tence of the Inquisition for the Literatim, L. letter for letter.
punishment of heresy. Locum tenens. L. a substitute.
Beau monde, F. the gay world. Magna Charia,!,. the great charter.
Bona fide, L. in good faith. Maximum, L. the greatest.
Bon mot, F. a witty repartee. Memento mori, L. be mindful of
from head to foot.
Cap-a-pie, F. death.
Caput mortuum, L. the dead head Minimum, L. the smallest.
the worthless remains. Mirabile dictu, L. wonderful to tell.
Carte blanche, F. blank paper; per- Midtum in parvo, L. much in a
mission without restraint. small compass.
Chef oVozuvre, F. a master-piece. Nem. con., or nem. dis., L. no one
Comme ilfaut, F. as it should be. dissenting; unanimously.
Compos mentis, L. of sound mind. Ne plus ultra, L. the utmost ex-
Coup de main, F. sudden enter- tent.
prise or effort. Nolens volens, L. whether he will
Dernier ressort, F. the last resort. or not.
Lieu et raon droit, F. God and my Nom deplume, F. a literary title.
right, Non compos mentis, L. not of a
Ennui, F. weariness, lassitude. sound mind.
E pluribus unum, L. one out of, or
' Far nobile fratrum, L. a noble pair
composed of, many. \Tfie motto of brothers.
of the United States.] Pater patriot, L. the father of his
Ex, L. out as, ex-minister, a min-
; country.
ister out of office. Per annum, L. by the year.
Excelsior, L. more elevated. [The Per diem, L. by the day.
motto of the State ofJS'eio York.] Per cent, L. by the hundred.
Ex officio, L. by virtue of office. Per contra, L. contrariwise.
Ex parte, L. on one side onty. Per se, L. by itself considered.
Ex post facto, L. after the deed is Prima facie, L. at the first view.
done. Primum mobile, L. first cause of
Extempore, L. without premedita- motion.
tion. Pro bono publico, L. for the public j

Fac simile, L. a close imitation. good.

Fille de chambre, F. a chamber- Pro et con., L. for and against.
maid. Pro patria, L. for my country.
 SPELLING BOOK. 167

Pro tempore, L. for the time. Sine qua non, L. that without
Pro re nata, L. as occasion re- which a thing can not be done.
quires for a special emergency.
; Soi disant, F. self-styled.
Pugnis et calcibus, L. with fists and Suaviter in modo, L. agreeable in
feet, with all the might. manner.
Quantum, L. how much. Sub judice, L. under considera-
Quantum svtficit, L. a sufficient tion.
quantity. Sub rosa, L. under therose, or pri-
Qui transtulit suslinet, L. he who. vately, [good.
has borne them sustains them. Sumraum bonum, L. the chief
Quid nunc, L. a newsmonger. Toties quoties, L. as often as.
lie infecta, L. the thing not done. Toto coelo, L. wholly, as far as pos-
Sanctum Sanctorum, L. the Holy sible.
of Holies L. the useful with the
Utile dulci,
Sangfroid, F. in cold blood, indif- agreeable.
ference. Vade mecum, L. (lit. go with me) a ;

Sans souci, F. free and easy with- ; convenient companion a hand-

;

out care. book.

Secundum artem, L. according to Veni, vidi, vici, L. I came, I saw, I
art. conquered.
Sic transit gloria mundi, L. thus Versus, L. against.
passes away the glory of the Via, L. by the way of.
world. Vice versa, L. the terms being ex-
Sine die, L. with-it a day speci- changed.
fied. Viva voce, L. with the voice.

ABBREVIATIONS EXPLAINED.
Ans. Answer. Capt. Captain. B. V. Deo volente, God
A. A. S. Fellow of the Chap. Chapter. willing,
American Academy. Col. E. East.
Colonel.
A. B. Bachelor of Arts. Co. Company. Ed. Edition, Editor.
Abp. Archbishop. Com. Commissioner, E. & 0. E. Errors and
Acct. Account. Commodore. omissions excepted.
A.D. Anno Domini, the Or. Credit, e. g. for example.
year of our Lord. Cmt. Hundred weight. Eng. England, English.
Adm. Admiral. Conn, or Ct. Connecti- Esq. Esquire. [forth.
Admr. Administrator. cut. Etc. et caetera and so ;

Admx. Administratrix. C. S. Keeper of the Ex. Example.

Ala. Alabama. Seal. Exec. Executor.
A. 3L Master of Arts CI. Clerk, Clergyman. Execx. Executrix.
before noon in the Colo. Colorado.
; Feb. February.
year of the world. Cong. Congress. Fla. Florida.
Apr. April. Cons. Constable. Fr. France, French,
Ariz. Arizona Ter. Cti. Cents. Frances.
Ark. Arkansas. Dak. Dakota Ter. F. R. S. Fellow of the
Atty. Attorney. D. C. District of Co- Royal Society [Eng.]
Aug. August. lumbia. Gen. General.
Bart. Baronet. B. B. Doctor of Di- Cent. Gentleman.
B. C. Before Christ. vinity. Geo. George.
B. B. Bachelor of Di- Bea. Deacon. Ga. or Geo. Georgia.
vinity. Bee. December. Gov. Governor.
Bbl. Barrel; Ibis, bar- Bel. Delaware. Hon. Honorable.
rels. Bept. Deputy. Hund. Hundred.
|
Cal. California. do. Ditto, the same. H. B. M. His or Her
C. Centum, a hundred. Br. Doctor, or Debtor. Britannic Majesty.
168 THE ELEMENTARY
Hhd. Hogshead. Mo. Missouri. Regr. Register,
Ibid. In the same place. Mont. Montana Ter, Rep Representative,
Ida. Idaho Ter. MS. Manuscript. Rev. Reverend.
i. e. that is [id est]. MSS. Manuscripts. Rt. Hon. Right Honor
id. the same. Mrs. Mistress. able.
III. Illinois. N. North. R. I. Rhode Island,
2nd. Indiana. N. B. Take notice. S. South, Shilling
Ind. Ter. Indian Ter N. C. North Carolina 8. C. South Carolina
Inst. Instant. Nebr. Nebraska. St. Saint.
lo. Iowa. Nev. Nevada. Sect. Section.
Ir. Ireland, IrisI N. Mex. New Mexico Sen. Senator, Senior
Jan. January. N.U. New Hampshire Sept. September,
Jas. James. N. J. New Jersey, Servt. Servant.
Jac. Jacob. No. Number, 8. T. P. Professor of
Josh. Joshua. Nov. November, Sacred Theology.
Jun. or Jr. Junior, N. S. New Style. S. T. D. Doctor of Di
K. King. N. Y. New York, vinitjr.
Kans. Kansas. 0. Ohio. &s, to wit, nameiy,
Ky. or Ken. Kentucky. Obt. Obedient. Surg, Surgeon,
Kt. Knight. Oct. October. Tenn. Tennessee,
L. or Ld. Lord or Lady. Oreg. Oregon. Ter. Territory,
La. or Lou. Louisiana. 0. S. Old Style. Tex.. Texas.
Lieut. Lieutenant, Pari. Parliament. Theo. Theophilus..
Lond. London. Pa. or Penn. Pennsyl- Thorn Thomas.
Lon. Longitude. vania. JUL the last, or the last
Ldp. Lordship. per, by; as, per yard s month.
Lat. Latitude. by the yard. TJ. S. United States.

LL.D. Doctor of Laws. Per cent. By the hun- XT. S. A. United States
lbs. Pounds. dred. of America.
L.S. Place of the Seal. Pet. Peter. V. (vide), See.
M. Marquis, Meridian, Phil. Philip. Va. Virginia.
Maj. Major. P. M. Post Master, Af- viz. to wit, namely.
Mass. Massachusetts. ternoon. Vt. Vermont.
Matt. Matthew. P. 0. Post Office. Wash. Washington
Mch. March. P. S. Postscript. Ter.
M. D. Doctor of Medi- Ps. Psalm. Wis. Wisconsin.
cine. Pies. President. Wt. Weight.
Md. Maryland. Prof. Professor. Wm. William.
Me. Maine. Q. Question, Queen. W. Va. West Virginia.
Mich. Michigan. q. d. {quasi dicat), as if Wyo. Wyoming Terri-
Mr. Mister, Sir. he should say. tory.
Messrs. Gentlemen, q. I. (quantum libet), as Yd. Yard.
Sirs. much as you please. <fc (et). And,
Minn. Minnesota., q. s. (quantum sujfficit), &c. ( = etc) And so
Miss. Mississippi,, a sufficient quantity, forth.

PUNCTUATION
The comnn* ( ) indicates a short paiise. The semicohm ( } indi-
, ;

cates a pause somewhat longer than that of a comma the colon ( ) a

; :

stilllonger pause and the period ( ) indicates the longest pause.

;
.

The period is placed at the close of a sentence.

The interrogation point (?) denotes that a question is asked, as,
What do you see?
An exclamation point ( ) denotes wonder, grief, or other emotion.
!

A parenthesis ( ) includes words not closely connected with the

other words of the sentence.
 SPELLING BOOK. 169

Brackets or hooks [] are sometimes used for nearly the same pur-
pose as the parenthesis, or to include some explanation.
—
A dash ( ) denotes a sudden stop, or a change of subject, and
requires a pause, but of no definite length.
A caret ( A ) shows the omission of a word or letter, which is placed
the
above the line, the caret being put below, thus, give me book.

An apostrophe ( ' ) denotes the omission of a letter or letters, thus,

lov'd, tho't.
A quotation indicated by these points " " placed at the beginning
is
and end of the passage.
The index ( |Jgp° j points to a passage which is to be particularly
noticed.
The paragraph ( If ) denotes the beginning of a new subject,
The star or asterisk ( * ), the dagger { t ), and other marks ( %, ?, ), ]]

and sometimes letters and figures, are used to refer the reader to notes
in the margin.
The diaresis ( ••) denotes that the vowel under it is not connected
witli the preceding vowel.

CAPITAL LETTERS.
4 capital should be used at the beginning of a sentence. It
letter
should begin all proper names of persons, cities, towns, villages, seas,
rivers, mountains, lakes, ships, &c. It should begin every line ofptoetry,
a quotation, and often an important word.
The name or appellation of God, Jehovah, Christ, Jfessiah, &c,
should begin with a capital.
The pronoun i" and interjection are always in capitals.

No. 151.— C II.

THE LETTER Q IS EQUIVALENT TO R„. THE U FOLLOWING,
AND NOT ITALICIZED, HAS THE SOUND OF W ; ITALICIZED
11 IS SILENT.

aq'ue duet in lq'ui toils liq'uid ate

aq ui line liq'uid liq uid a' tion
an tlq' ui ty liq uov ob liq' ui ty
eq'ui ty liquefy ubiquity
eq ui ta ble liq ue faV tion piq' naxit
eq ui ta bly liq' ue fi a ble req ui §tte
iniq'uity liquefying req ui §f tion
IN THE FOLLOWING WOBDS, t IS NOT SOUNDED.
chasten glis'ten moist' en
has ten fast'en 6ft' en
christen listen soft' en
170 THE ELEMENTARY
BAB, LAST, €AEK, FALL, WHAT; hSr, PRBT, TH&BE 6KT;J BIRD, MAbTnk; LINK

EI AND IE WITH THE SOUND OF E LONa

The letters ei andoccur in several words with the same 1
ie

sound, that of long but persons are often at a loss to recol-I

e,

lect which of these letters stands first, I have therefore ar-

ranged the principal words of these classes in two distinct
tables, that pupils may commit them to memory, so that the f
order may be made as familiar as letters of the alphabet.

WORDS IN WHICH THE LETTER e STANDS BEFORE 1,

ceil disseize receive

ceiling either receipt
•eonceit inveigle seignior
-conceive leisure seine
deceit neither seize
deceive obeisance seizin
perceive obeisant seizure

WORDS IN WHICH THE LETTER fl STANDS BEFORE e#

achieve lief relievo

grieve liege retrieve
grievance lien shield
grievous mien shieling
aggrieve niece shriek
belief piece siege
believe pier thief
brief pierce thieve
chief priest tier
fief relief tierce
field relieve wield
fiend reprieve yield
brigadier bombardier financier
brevier grenadier cavalier
fierce eannonier chevalier
 SPELLING BOOK 171
MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OR ; KTTLK, PULL EXIST € = K
; J ; & =J ; 8 =Z ; OH = 6H.

No. 152. — CLII. Word3 Difficult to Spell.

7
(1)
7
bu reau(-ro) croup
a bey ance calk (JcawJc) cruise
7
a gerb i ty - ca price
7
crum&
ache (ak)
ca rouge
7
crypt
ae qui esge
7 _
7
ea tas tro phe
7
euck 7 oo
a er o naut eau 7 eus eu7 po la
7
ag lie 7
eha os (M-) de f I cient
7

aims. dem a gogue,

7
(3)
am a teur
7
charge a ble 7
di a logue
am 7
e thyst ehi ine'ra dil
7
i gence
an' a lyze 7
ghiv al tj
7
dis guise
an7 o dyrie chyle (bit) di she
7
el
'

an7 sz'jer chyme (Mm) dom 7

i (file
7
a non y moils a trice d-ough' ty
7 (fie'
an tique Clique (Meek) draught (draft)
7
aq ue duet eo' eda (ko'ko)
7 (5)
arch an gel 7
col league dys en ter y
,

a skew' 7
col lo qui al
7
dys pep sy
av oir du pois/ COmb (Jcom) 7
ea gle
aye («0 e6m7
plai gauge ef fer vesce
7

7
(2) con7 duit (-dit) e lee tri cian
ban dan' con dl<?n7 7
el e phant
7 7
basque (bask) con va lesce en cy clo pe di a
7 7
bass -vi ol con vey 7 en fran ehise
7
ba zaar7 COrpS Qcor) e ques tri an
7 7 7
bea eon eoun ter feit er y sip e las
7
beaux <jm) eou7 ri er es pi on age
7 7
bis cult (-Mt) court e sy ex cru 7 ci ate
7 7
bor ough eourte sy ex haust7
7
bo 7 §om fa tigue
7
brui§e Qrrooz) cou§ in fie ti tioiis
bou7 doir (*dwor) cox comb 7
flaunt
 172 THE ELEMENTARY
BA.B, last, care, f^ll, what; heb, prey, there; get; bird, marine; liwk;

flo res' 9en9H herb' age lie' o rice

for bade' ro glyph'ie lieu ten' ant
\hi e
for' ei#n er hoax li tig' ious ,

hough {hole) loath' some

(6)
/
fran chi§e how'itz er lunch' eon i-un)

! frie as see^ hos' tier Ms' cious

fur' lough I
hy' a 9m th lux u' ri an9e
gay'ety hy na
e'

gauge hy per' bo la ma chine.

ga zelle'
ice' berg Ma dei'ra
gftast' ly
ieh neu' mon ma gi' cian
g^ost (gost) mal fea'§an9e
(8)
ghoul (gooly ieh thy 61
,
gy
ma li' cious
gl raffe' I'91 ele .
ma llgn!

gla' gier (seer) i'dyl man' a ele

gnarled • im'be gile

man eu'ver
f
g& pher
7
in dig e nous ma ny (mm'y)
gor' geous (jus) in gen'ious (-yus) mar' riage
gourmand in trigu' er (10)
grand' eur i'o dide meV §le§
gro tesque' 1 ras' 9i ble me' di 6 ere
?
guar an tee jas'mme meVean tile
guar7 an ty jeop' ard j me ri'no
gud' geon (-jun) jave'lin metamor'phose
(?)
jour' ney mi a§' ma
guil'lo tine ju di' cious mi li' tia
guin' ea (giri e) jui'cy mill' ion aim
guige (§iz) ka lei'do seope mis' chief
gyp'sy kan ga rob' mis' sion a ry
hearth 7mick' knack moi' e ty
heif er lab' y rinth mon' ey§
&eir' loom (ar'-)
(9)
mon' eyed (-tit)
heni'i sphere lar' ynx mort' gage
 SPELLING BOOK 173
MOVE, SON, WOLF, FOOT, MOON, OK ; BTTLE, PPLL EXIST € = K G=J 8=Z
J J ; ; ; OH =8B.

mor' tise phy§' ie seal' lop

5

raus tache' phyg i og'no my sear la t'i' na

7
mus' 9k (si) * phy §i'que' sgim ! ter*>
mu si' cian pi az' za sci§ §or&
mus qui' to (-&e'-) pict iir esq ne scourge
on scrutoire'(-^6r')
(ID
pom' age
P^f
naphtha scythe
negotiate P^ phy ry sen' su al (shu-al)

neighborhood P™1 rie shrewd

pre co' cious sil' hou ette (-et)
neiiraTgia
nyuiph pro dig'ious sltiige

o bei'sance pro f i' cien cy sol'dier (-jer)

of f 1' cious souve' nir *
(13)
6' gre proph'e cy sov'er eign <

om nescient k
pur'lieii§ spe' cie§
o nyx pyroteeh'nics sphe' roid
op ti'cian quar tette' (-1*0 sphinx
orphan, , quay (he) stat ti ette'(-e£')

an
pae' qui' nine
(15)
pag' eant ry quoit ste're o type
pan e gjT'ie ragj/ ber ry stom' aeh
par' a lyze reck' on sii per f I' cial
par' ox y§m ree on noi' ter sur' feit
pa' tri arch re eruit' tab leaux' (-ids')
pe eul'iar r^ap'so dy tarn bour i'ne'
r^eu'ma ti§m tech'nic al
pe llSSe' (-lees') tM noc' e ros tur quoi§' (-koW)
peo' pie rka! barb ty' phoid
pe riph'e ry(-?-^'-) r Ay me u ni'que'
per ni' cious ro' guish val' iant
per suade' ru ta-ba' ga
» va lise'

pha' e ton *
(14) vex a' tious
pho' to graph sa' ti ate (sM-at) vil'lain ous

i
174 THE ELEMENTARY SPELLER.
BAB, LAST, €AKE, FALL, WHAT J
HEB, PRHY, TIIKRE ; GET bird, maki'we; link;

[spelled.] [pronounced.]
vf ti ate (-shirat)

weird < aid'-de-eamp ad' de hong

wres' tie bay' on IV oo

wretch' ed belles-let' tres oel let' tr

yacht (yot) bil'let-doux oW le doo

(16) blanc-mange' olo monf

baeehana'lian braggado'cio* orag ga do' ski o
bru nette' (-net') bnoy'an qy owooy' an <;y

§han de lier' 9ham pagne' sham pan'

ea tarr&' (-tar ) 1
clap' board Idab' lord

co quette' (-ut ) t
eaout' chouc Two'choolc

ero qnet' (-£a0 carte-blan9he'' hart oldnsh'

dis' tieh (-$&) (18)
«e clai' (<? Ha') €on' scien9e Icon' shens

eleemosynary *
da gnerre'o type da gbV o up
e lite' (d &*#') dah r
lia daVya
eil 11U1 (ong nwe') de bris' da ore'

et i qne.tte'(-») di§ c,era' i ble diz zem' I hi

ghev'tin & -
en core' ong Tcor'
gym na' §i um mademoiselle' mad mwa ziV

hie' €ough (-hup) mag ne' si a mag n%' zhl a

h.6'sieYj(Jid'sher-) men ag' e rie men azh' e ry
idiosyncrasy mi#n on ette' min yon it'

.
(17) nau'se ate nazu' she at

Ind' ian (-yan) peniten'tiary pen i ten? sJia ry

meer' s§haum port man'tean port man' to
nan' seoiis (shus) ren' dez vons rtnlde wo

ne])h.'ew(nefyoo) res'tau rant res' to rant

phlegm (flhn) right' eoiis ri'chus

psy ehol'o gy ser' geant sdr'jent or ser'-

quene (M) sub' tie ty sut' I ty

ra' ti o (sU o) vign ette' mn yet'

'

sap o na' ceoiis whort'le berry hiDurt' I oer ry

 00022230596
WEBSTER'S Iin tKlNA HUMAL 1

DICTIONARY

. of

SS,'
Yale!
THE LIBRARY OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF
NORTH CAROLINA

PRESENTED BY ™?
has e\
the
Every
work i Robert K. Lester em -
ployec

s of
eted
an ob;
under

S.A.
c.a

Dictionary, cloth, over 1,500 Illustrations.

Webster's Condensed
Practical Dictionary, cloth, nearly I,o00
« Counting-House Dictionary, sheep, 330
" Academic Dictionary, 334
" High School Dictionary 297
" Common School Dictionary, 2<4
y Primary Dictionary, • 204
" American People's Dictionary and Manual, with
" Army and Navy Dictionary |J
" Pocket Dictionary, various bindings, (
" Handy Dictionary, cloth,
-*93] * ——-—-—
 •PLETON!
-!0^^^jfc.g-., -., r —
Mo. Andrew J. Rickoff, A. M., Supei
;

Ya)e College.

ippletons' First
ppletons' Second ]

tons' Third
let®ns' Fourtl
I Appletons' Fi .

K Apple tons' It
Appletons'

nence to the Indi

Appletons' Higher Geograpl

APPLETONS* STAND AJ
produce Free, Practical Writ
by Lyman D. Smith.
THE SERIES:
Appletons* Grammar Coarse -
Appletons* Short Course I I HH
I Appletons' Lead pencil Course
r
' H
- I
*y
Appleto5»' Trac$iig bourse - '

THE SONG WAVE: A Collection of

mentary Instruction. For the School
Home Circle. By If. S. Pkrkins, H. J.
I ,
D e g r aff. Introductory j^l^^ffi^€{^^^
THE WAVELET: An Abridgment of the Som
raary and Intermediate Schools. Introductory pric

Sample copies of either of the above books will be fon

Liberal allowances will be r price? on coj: nn

exchanged for bopfcft^jjswitfliii
Every Je^b^/Slipal^
Catalogue, containing a list of educational publication
AMERICAN BOOK COMP
^H New York, Cincinna