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Pope's Solution 5.20

This document summarizes the derivation of equations for turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent stress transport. It begins with the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations and derives an equation for the turbulent velocity fluctuations by subtracting the averaged and fluctuating components. Several mathematical steps are shown involving expansion of terms and use of the continuity equation to simplify. This results in an equation relating the rate of change of turbulent kinetic energy to production, transport, and dissipation terms.

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Gürkan Sarıkaya
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100 views

Pope's Solution 5.20

This document summarizes the derivation of equations for turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent stress transport. It begins with the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations and derives an equation for the turbulent velocity fluctuations by subtracting the averaged and fluctuating components. Several mathematical steps are shown involving expansion of terms and use of the continuity equation to simplify. This results in an equation relating the rate of change of turbulent kinetic energy to production, transport, and dissipation terms.

Uploaded by

Gürkan Sarıkaya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Turbulent Flows

Stephen B. Pope
Cambridge University Press (2000)

Solution to Exercise 5.20


Prepared by: Renfeng Cao Date: 2/22/03

We can rewrite Eq.(2.35) in the alternative form

DUj ∂Uj ∂ (Ui Uj ) 1 ∂p


= + = ν∇2 Uj − . (1)
Dt ∂t ∂xi ρ ∂xj

Similarly, by using Eq. (4.7) and Eq.(4.9) we can rewrite Eq.(4.12) as

DUj ∂hUj i ∂hUi Uj i 1 ∂hpi


h i= + = ν∇2 hUj i − . (2)
Dt ∂t ∂xi ρ ∂xj

Subtracting Eq.(2) from Eq.(1) yields Eq. (5.137)

∂uj ∂ 1 ∂p0
+ (Ui Uj − hUi Uj i) = ν∇2 uj − , (3)
∂t ∂xi ρ ∂xj

where uj = Uj − hUj i and p0 = p − hpi. Expanding ∂x∂ i (Ui Uj − hUi Uj i) by


using the continuity equation for incompressible flow we obtain
∂ ∂
(Ui Uj − hUi Uj i) = (ui hUj i + uj hUi i + ui uj − hui uj i)
∂xi ∂xi
∂hUj i ∂uj ∂uj ∂hui uj i
= ui + hUi i + ui − (4)
∂xi ∂xi ∂xi ∂xi
Substituting Eq.(4) into Eq.(3) and reorganizing the new equation we obtain
Eq. (5.138)

Duj ∂hUj i ∂ 1 ∂p0


= −ui + hui uj i + ν∇2 uj − . (5)
Dt ∂xi ∂xi ρ ∂xj

where
Duj ∂uj ∂uj
= + (hUi i + ui ) . (6)
Dt ∂t ∂xi

1
Substituting Eq.(6) into Eq.(5) and multiplying by uj we obtain
∂uj ∂uj
uj + (hUi i + ui )uj
∂t ∂xi
∂hUj i ∂ 1 ∂p0
= −ui uj + uj hui uj i + νuj ∇2 uj − uj . (7)
∂xi ∂xi ρ ∂xj
∂ui
Simplifying this equation by using the continuity equation ∂xi
= 0 we obtain
∂( 21 uj uj ) ∂( 1 uj uj ) ∂( 12 ui uj uj )
+ hUi i 2 +
∂t ∂xi ∂xi
∂hUj i ∂ 1 ∂(p0 uj )
= −ui uj + uj hui uj i + νuj ∇2 uj − . (8)
∂xi ∂xi ρ ∂xj
Taking the mean of the above equation and using hui i = 0 we obtain
∂k ∂k ∂h 1 ui uj uj i ∂hUj i 1 ∂hp0 uj i
+ hUi i + 2 = −hui uj i + νhuj ∇2 uj i − , (9)
∂t ∂xi ∂xi ∂xi ρ ∂xj
where k = 12 hui ui i.
From Exercise 5.26, Eq. (5.163), we have
∂
νhuj ∇2 uj i = 2ν huj sij i − ε. (10)
∂xi
Substituting Eq.(10) into Eq.(9) and rearranging the terms yields
hui p0 i
!
∂k ∂k ∂ 1
+ hUi i + h ui uj u j i + − 2νhuj sij i
∂t ∂xi ∂xi 2 ρ
∂hUj i
= −hui uj i − ε. (11)
∂xi
This can be written in the alternative form
D̄k
+ ∇ · T0 = P − ε, (12)
D̄t
where
1
Ti0 ≡ hui uj uj i + hui p0 i/ρ − 2νhuj sij i. (13)
2

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