Lecture 17
Lecture 17
• Advertising
• Sales promotion
• Public relations
• Personal selling
• Direct-marketing
Advertising is any paid form of non-personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods, or
services by an identified sponsor
• Broadcast (TV)
• Print (broachers, mag, newspaper)
• Internet
• Outdoor (billboards, buses)
The Promotion Mix
Sales promotion is the short-term incentives to encourage the
purchase or sale of a product or service (blessed Friday).
• Discounts
• Coupons
• Display
• Demonstrations
Marketers seek a purchase response that results from a consumer decision-making process that
includes the stages of buyer readiness
Steps in Developing Effective Marketing
Communication
Designing a Message
AIDA Model
• Get Attention
• Hold Interest
• Arouse Desire
• Obtain Action
Message Format
• Print: headlines, pictures.
• Radio: words, sounds, voices.
• TV: all of the above and body language
Message content is an appeal or theme that will produce the desired response
• Rational appeal (relates to the audience’s self-interest)
• Emotional appeal (is an attempt to stir up positive or negative emotions to motivate a purchase)
• Moral appeal (is directed at the audience’s sense of right and proper)
Steps in Developing Effective Marketing
Communication
Choosing Media
Non-personal communication channels are media that carry messages without personal
contact or feedback, including major media, atmospheres, and events that affect the buyer
directly.
• Major media include print, broadcast, display, and online media.
• Atmospheres are designed environments that create or reinforce the buyer’s leanings toward
buying a product.
• Events are staged occurrences that communicate messages to target audiences (Press
conferences, Grand openings, Exhibits, Public tours).
Steps in Developing Effective Marketing
Communication
Selecting the Message Source
Affordable budget method sets the budget at an affordable level that a company can afford.
• Ignores the effects of promotion on sales.
Objective-and-task method sets the budget based on what the firm wants to accomplish with
promotion and includes:
• Defining promotion objectives
• Determining tasks to achieve the objectives
• Estimating costs