Matrices
Matrices
é0 1 0 ù
MATRICES
6. Let A = êê1 0 0 úú . Then the number of 3 × 3
1.
é2
Let A = ê
3ù
, a Î R be written as P + Q where êë0 0 1 úû
ëa 0 úû
matrices B with entries from the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
P is a symmetric matrix and Q is skew symmetric
and satisfying AB = BA is _______.
matrix. If det(Q) = 9, then the modulus of the sum of
ì æa bö ïü
all possible values of determinant of P is equal to : 7. Let M = ïí A = ç ÷ : a, b,c, d Î {±3, ±2, ±1, 0}ý .
îï è c d ø þï
(1) 36 (2) 24 (3) 45 (4) 18
Define f : M ® Z, as f(A) = det(A), for all A Î M,
æ 1 -1 0 ö
ç ÷ where Z is set of all integers. Then the number
2. Let A = ç 0 1 -1 ÷ and B = 7A20 – 20A7 + 2I,
ç0 0 1 ÷ø
è of A Î M such that f(A) = 15 is equal to ________.
where I is an identity matrix of order 3 × 3.
é1 0ù
If B = [bij], then b13 is equal to _________. 8. If P = ê 1 ú , then P50 is:
1
ëê 2 úû
dy
3. Let y = y(x) satisfies the equation - A =0,
dx é1 0 ù é1 50 ù
(1) ê ú (2) ê ú
ë25 1 û ë0 1 û
é y sin x 1ù
for all x > 0 , where A = ê 0 -1 1 úú .
ê é1 25ù é1 0 ù
ê 1ú (3) ê ú (4) ê ú
ê2 0 ú ë0 1 û ë50 1 û
ë xû
é 1 2ù
p
If y(p) = p +2, then the value of y æç ö÷ is :
–1
9. Let A = ê
-1 4 ú . If A = aI + bA, a, b Î R, I is
è2ø ë û
E
2 Matrices ALLEN®
æ 1 2 ö 18. Let A and B be 3 × 3 real matrices such that A
ç 5 5÷ æ 1 0ö is symmetric matrix and B is skew-symmetric
12. If A = ç ÷ , B=ç ,i= -1 , and
ç -2 1 ÷ è i 1 ÷ø
çè ÷ matrix. Then the system of linear equations
5 5ø
(A2B2 – B2A2)X = O, where X is a 3 × 1 column
T
Q = A BA, then the inverse of the matrix A
matrix of unknown variables and O is a
Q2021 AT is equal to :
3 × l null matrix, has :
æ 1 ö
- 2021 (1) no solution
ç 5 ÷ æ 1 0ö
(1) ç ÷ (2) ç (2) exactly two solutions
ç 2021 1 ÷ è -2021 i 1 ÷ø
çè ÷
5 ø (3) infinitely many solutions
(4) a unique solution
æ 1 0ö æ 1 -2021 i ö
(3) ç (4) ç
è 2021 i 1 ÷ø è0 1 ÷ø 19. Let M be any 3 × 3 matrix with entries from the
{
(1) 4 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 1
J -J , i £ j
where a ij = 6+ i,3 i +3,3 . Then
éx y z ù
0 , i>j
23. Let A = êê y z x úú , where x, y and z are real
adjA –1 is : êë z x y úû
(1) (15)2 × 242 (2) (15)2 × 234
numbers such that x + y + z > 0 and xyz = 2.
(3) (105)2 × 238 (4) (105)2 × 236
If A2 = I3, then the value of x3 + y3 + z3 is_____.
E
ALLEN® Matrices 3
where X=
1 é1 -1ù
ê ú, and k Î R. If ( )
det(A4) + det A10 - (Adj(2A))10 is equal to
3 ë1 k û
_________ .
a12 + a 22 = (
2 2
3
b1 + b22 ) 2 2
and (k + 1)b2 ¹ -2b1b2 , é1 2 0ù
34. Let A + 2B = ê 6 -3 3 úú
ê
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(2) Infinitely many solutions then Tr(A) – Tr(B) has value equal to
(3) No solution (1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 0 (4) 3
(4) Exactly two solutions
35. Let I be an identity matrix of order 2 × 2 and
29. The total number of 3 × 3 matrices A having
é2 -1ù
enteries from the set (0, 1, 2, 3) such that the P= ê ú . Then the value of n Î N for
ë 5 -3û
sum of all the diagonal entries of AAT is 9, is
which Pn = 5I – 8P is equal to _______.
equal to _____.
E
4 Matrices ALLEN®
SOLUTION æ0 0 1ö
2 ç ÷
C = ç 0 0 0 ÷,
1. Official Ans. by NTA (1)
ç0 0 0÷
è ø
é2 3 ù
Sol. A=ê ú, a ÎR æ0 0 0ö
ëa 0 û ç ÷
C = ç 0 0 0 ÷ = C 4 = C5 = ......
3
é 3+aù ç0 0 0÷
è ø
A+A ê 2T
2 ú
and P = =ê ú B = 7 A20 – 20 A7 + 2I
2 êa + 3 0 ú
êë 2 úû = 7 (I + C)20 – 20 (I + C)7 + 2I
= 7(I + 20C + 20C2 C2) – 20 (I + 7C + 7C2 C2) + 2I
é 3-aù
0
A - AT ê 2 ú So b13 = 7 × 20C2 – 20 × 7C2 = 910
and Q = =ê ú
2 êa - 3 0 ú
êë 2 úû 3. Official Ans. by NTA (1)
y
As, det (Q) = 9 Sol. | A |= - + 2 sin x + 2
x
Þ (a – 3)2 = 36 dy
=| A |
dx
Þ a=3±6
dy y
\ a = 9, - 3 = - + 2 sin x + 2
dx x
dy y
+ = 2 sin x + 2
\ dx x
1
ò x dx
I.F. = e =x
æ1 0 0ö æ 0 -1 0 ö
ç ÷ ç ÷
where I = ç 0 1 0 ÷ ,C = ç 0 0 -1 ÷
ç0 0 1÷ ç0 0 0 ÷
è ø è ø
E
ALLEN® Matrices 5
4. Official Ans. by NTA (108) 6. Official Ans. by NTA (3125)
é 2 -1 1ù éa b c ù
Sol. A = êê-1 2 -1úú ê
Sol. Let matrix B = êd e f ú
ú
êë 1 -1 2 úû êëg n i úû
|A| = 4 Q AB = BA
3adj ( 2A -1 ) = 3.2 2 adj ( A -1 ) é0 1 0 ù éa b c ù é a b c ù é0 1 0 ù
ê 1 0 0 ú ê d e f ú = êd e f ú ê1 0 0 ú
123 123 ê úê ú ê úê ú
= 123 adj ( A-1 ) = 123 A-1 =
2
2
= = 108 êë0 0 1 úû êëg h i úû êëg h i úû êë0 0 1 úû
A 16
éd e f ù é b a c ù
5. Official Ans. by NTA (3) êa b cú = ê e d f ú
ê ú ê ú
é a11 a12 a13 ù êëg h i úû êë h g i úû
Sol. A = êêa 21 a 22 a 23 úú
Þ d = b, e = a, f = c, g=h
êëa 31 a 32 a 33 úû
éa b c ù
é1ù ê ú
\ Matrix B = ê b a c ú
ê ú
Let x = ê1ú êë g g i úû
êë1úû
No. of ways of selecting a, b, c, g, i
éa11 + a12 + a13 ù é1ù =5×5×5×5×5
AX = êêa 21 + a 22 + a 23 úú = êê1úú = 55 = 3125
êëa 31 + a 32 + a 33 úû êë1úû
\ No. of Matrices B = 3125
Þ AX = X 7. Official Ans. by NTA (16)
Replace X by AX Sol. |A| = ad – bc = 15
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6 Matrices ALLEN®
8. Official Ans. by NTA (1) 11. Official Ans. by NTA (2020)
é1 0ù é n2 + n ù
Sol. P = ê1 ú ê1 n ú
ê 2 ú
1ú ê
êë 2 úû Sol. A n = ê0 1 n ú
ê0 0 1 úû
é 1 0ù é 1 0ù ë
P = ê1
2 ú ê1 ú = é1 0 ù So, required sum
ê ê ú
1ú ê 1 ú ë1 1 û
ëê 2 ûú ëê 2 úû
æ 20 ´ 21 ö 20
æ r2 + r ö
é 1 0ù é 1 0ù
= 20 × 3 + 2 × ç
è 2 ø
÷ + å çè
r =1 2 ø
÷
é1 0 ù ê ú = ê3 ú
P =ê3
ú 1
ë1 1 û êê 1ú ê 1ú = 60 + 420 + 105 + 35 × 41 = 2020
ë2 ûú ëê 2 ûú
Þ A3 ( A2 - B2 ) + B3 ( A2 - B2 ) = 0
Þ ( A3 + B3 )( A2 - B2 ) = 0
Post multiplying inverse of A2 – B2 :
A3 + B3 = 0
E
ALLEN® Matrices 7
13. Official Ans. by NTA (1) 15. Official Ans. by NTA (1)
é1 0 0 ù é1 0 0 ù é0 2ù
Sol. Given matrix A = ê
Sol. A = ê0 1 1 ú Þ A = êê1 1 1 úú
ê ú 2
ëk -1úû
êë1 0 0 úû êë1 0 0 úû
A4 + 3 IA = 2I
é1 0 0 ù é1 0 0 ù Þ A4 = 2I – 3A
A = ê2 1 1 ú Þ A = êê3 1 1 úú
3 ê ú 4
Also characteristic equation of A is
êë1 0 0 úû êë1 0 0 úû |A – lI| = 0
0 -l 2
é 1 0 0ù Þ =0
k -1 - l
A = ê n - 1 1 1 úú
n ê
êë 1 0 0 úû Þ l + l2 – 2k = 0
Þ A + A2 = 2K.I
é0 0 0 ù
Þ A2 = 2KI – A
A 2025
-A 2020
= êê 5 0 0 úú
êë0 0 0 úû Þ A4 = 4K2I + A2 – 4AK
Put A2 = 2KI – A
é0 0 0 ù and A4 = 2I – 3A
A - A = êê 5 0 0 úú
6
2I – 3A = 4K2I + 2KI – A – 4AK
êë0 0 0 úû
Þ I(2 – 2K – 4K2) = A(2– 4K)
14. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
Þ -2I ( 2K2 + K -1) = 2A (1 - 2K)
Sol. adj (2A) = 22 adjA Þ -2I ( 2K - 1 )( K + 1 ) = 2A (1 - 2K )
= 16 |A| A Þ ( 2K - 1) [ 2A - 2I ( K + 1)] = 0
8 8 Þ 3A(I – A) = 0 or A2 = A
|A| = 2 Þ |A| = ±2
éa 2 ab + bd ù éa b ù
2
|A| = |A| = 4 2 Þ ê ú=ê ú
ë0 d 2 û ë0 d û
Þ a2 = a, b(a + d – 1) = 0, d2 = d
If b ¹ 0, a + d = 1 Þ 4 ways
If b = 0, a = 0, 1 & d = 0, 1 Þ 4 ways
Þ Total 8 matrices
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8 Matrices ALLEN®
17. Official Ans. by NTA (3) 1
| A |=
Sol. 210.218
n -1 2 1
adjA-1 = A -1 = A -1 =
(A)
2
J6+i, 3–Ji+3,3 ; i £ j
Þ (210.218)2
x6+ i xi+3
1 1
Þ ò
0
2
x 3 - 1 ò0 x 3 - 1
- 2
(105)2 × 238
1/2 (
x i+3 x3 - 1 ) 18. Official Ans. by NTA (3)
Þ ò 0 x3 - 1 Sol. Let AT = A and BT = –B
1/ 2
x 3 + i +1 æ x 4+i ö C = A2B2 – B2A2
Þ =
3 + i + 1 çè 4 + i ÷ø 0
CT = (A2B2)T – (B2A2)T
4 +i
æ1ö = (B2)T(A2)T – (A2)T(B2)T
ç2÷
aij = j6 + i, 3 – ji + 3, 3 = è ø
4+i = B2A2 – A2B2
5
æ 1ö CT = –C
çè 2 ÷ø 1
a11 = = C is skew symmetric.
5 5.2 5
1 So det(C) = 0
a12 =
5.25 so system have infinite solutions.
1
a13 = 19. Official Ans. by NTA (540)
5.25
1 é a b cù éa d g ù
a 22 = Sol. êd e f ú ê b e h ú
6.26 ê úê ú
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êë g h i úû êë c f i úû
1
a 23 =
6.26 a2 + b2 + c2 + d2 + e2 + f2 + g2 + h2 + i2 = 7
1
a 33 = Case-I : Seven (1's) and two (0's)
7.2 7
é 1 1 1 ù 9C
2 = 36
ê 5.25 5.25 5.25 ú
ê ú Case-II : One (2) and three (1's) and five (0's)
1 1 ú
A=ê 0
ê 6.26 6.26 ú 9!
ê ú = 504
ê 0 1 ú 5!3!
0
êë 7.2 7 úû
\ Total = 540
1 é 1 1 ù
| A |= 5 ê 6
´ 7ú
5.2 ë 6.2 7.2 û
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ALLEN® Matrices 9
20. Official Ans. by NTA (17) 23. Official Ans. by NTA (7)
Sol. PQ = kI Sol. A2 = I
|P|.|Q| = k3 Þ AA' = 1 (as A' = A)
Þ |P| =2k ¹ 0 Þ P is an invertible matrix Þ A is orthogonal
Q PQ = kI So, x2 + y2 + z2 = 1 and xy + yz + zx = 0
Þ (x + y + z)2 = 1 + 2 × 0
\ Q = kP–1I Þx+y+z=1
adj.P Thus,
\ Q= x3 + y3 + z3 = 3 × 2 + 1 × (1 – 0)
2 =7
24. Official Ans. by NTA (13)
k
Q q23 = - Sol. a 2 + b2 = I2 + A I2 - A
-1
8
q q
= sec2 ´ cos2 = 1
- ( 3a + 4 ) k 2 2
\ =- Þk=4
2 8 25. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
é1 0 0ù
\ |P| = 2k Þ k = 10 + 6a ...(i)
Sol. A = êê0 2 0 úú
Put value of k in (i).. we get a =–1
êë3 0 -1úû
21. Official Ans. by NTA (4)
é1 0 0ù é1 0 0 ù
A = êê0 4 0 ú , A = êê0 8 0 úú
ú
Sol. |A| = 4 2 3
Þ |B| = 2 × 32 = 64 êë0 0 1 úû
option (4) Hence
22. Official Ans. by NTA (4) é1 0 0ù é1 0 0ù
A = êê0 2 20
20
0 ú , A = êê0 219
ú 19
0 úú
é 1 -a ù
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hence b = 2
so (b – a) = 4
E
10 Matrices ALLEN®
26. Official Ans. by NTA (1) On comparing we get
æa bö
Sol. A=ç ÷ , a, b, c Î I k2 + 1 2 2
èb cø = Þ k +1 = 2
3 3
æ a b öæ a b ö æ a + b
2 2
b(a + c) ö Þ k = ±1 ...(3)
A2 = ç ÷ç =
÷ çç 2 ÷÷
è b c øè b c ø è b ( a + c ) b + c ø
2
2
& (k - 1) = 0 Þ k = 1 ...(4)
Sum of the diagonal entries of 3
b = 0 & a2 + c2 = 1 é i -i ù
Sol. A=ê ú
ë -i i û
Case–1 : a = 0 Þ c = ±1 (2-matrices)
é -2 2 ù é-1 1 ù
Case-2 : c = 0 Þ a = ±1 (2-matrices) A2 = ê ú = 2ê ú
ë 2 -2 û ë 1 -1û
Total = 4 matrices
é 2 -2 ù é 1 -1ù
27. Official Ans by NTA (1) A4 = 22 ê ú = 8ê ú
ë -2 2 û ë -1 1 û
Sol. A = XB
é 2 -2 ù é 1 -1ù
A8 = 64 ê ú = 128 ê ú
é a1 ù 1 é1 -1ù é b1 ù ë -2 2 û ë -1 1 û
ê ú= ê úê ú
ëa2 û 3 ë1 k û ë b 2 û
éxù é 8 ù
A8 ê ú = ê ú
é 3 a1 ù é b1 - b2 ù ë y û ë64 û
ê ú=ê ú
êë 3 a 2 ûú ë b1 + kb2 û
é 1 -1ù éx ù é 8 ù
Þ 128 ê úê ú = ê ú
ë-1 1 û ëy û ë64 û
b1 – b2 = 3 a1 ...(1)
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é x-y ù é 8 ù
b1 + kb2 = 3a2 ...(2) Þ 128 ê ú=ê ú
ë - x + y û ë64 û
2 2
Given, a12 + a22 = b12 + b22
3 3
E
ALLEN® Matrices 11
29. Official Ans. by NTA (766) 31. Official Ans. by NTA (2020)
éa b cù éa b ù éa ù
Sol. Let A = ê d e f ú Sol. A=ê ú , B=ê ú
êë g h i úû ëc d û ëb û
diagonal elements of AB = B
Sum = a2 + b2 + c2 + d2 + e2 + f2 + g2 + h2 + i2 = 9 Þ |A – I | = O, since B ¹ O
a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i Î {0, 1, 2, 3}
(a - 1) b
Case No. of Matrices =0
c (d - 1)
(1) All – 1s 9!
= 1
9! ad – bc = 2020
(2) One ® 3 9! 32. Official Ans. by NTA (3)
=9
remaining-0 1!´ 8!
Sol. A2 = sin2a I
(3) One-2 9!
= 8 ´ 63
five-1s 1!´ 5!´ 3! I æ 2 1ö
2
So, A2 - = ç sin a - ÷ = 0
three-0s 2 è 2ø
(4) two – 2's 9!
= 63 ´ 4 1
one-1 2!´ 6! Þ sin a = ±
2
six-0's
33. Official Ans. by NTA (16)
Total no. of ways = 1 + 9 + 8 × 63 + 63 × 4
Sol. 4 5 2 y =0
| A 20 - A 10 (adj 2A)10 |
5 k z = (–2)4 +
| A |10
R2 ® R1 + R3 – 2R2
| A 20 - (A adj(2A))10 |
= 16 +
3 4 2 x | A |10
Þ 0 k -6 2 0 = 0
5 k z | A 20 - 210 I |
= 16 + (from (1))
210
Þ ( k - 6 2 ) ( 3z - 5x ) = 0
Now, characteristic roots of A are 2 and –1.
if 3z – 5x = 0 Þ 3(x + 2d) – 5x = 0 So, characteristic roots of A20 are 210 and 1.
Þ x = 3d (Not possible) Hence, (A20 – 210 I) (A20 – I) = 0
Þ k=6 2 Þ k2 = 72 Option (1) Þ |A20 – 210I| = 0 (as A20 ¹ I)
Þ E = 16 Ans.
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12 Matrices ALLEN®
34. Official Ans. by NTA (2) 35. Official Ans. by NTA (6)
æ 1 2 0ö é2 -1ù
ç ÷ Sol. P=ê ú
Sol. A + 2B = ç 6 -3 3 ÷ ...(1) ë 5 -3û
ç -5 3 1 ÷
è ø
é5 0 ù é16 -8 ù é -11 8 ù
æ 2 -1 5 ö
5I - 8P = ê ú-ê ú =ê ú
ç ÷ ë0 5 û ë 40 -24 û ë -40 29 û
2A - B = ç 2 -1 6 ÷
ç0 1 2÷ é -1 1 ù
è ø P2 = ê ú
ë-5 4 û
æ 4 -2 10 ö
ç ÷ é 3 -2ù é -11 8 ù
Þ 4A – 2B = ç 4 -2 12 ÷ ...(2)
P3 = ê ú Þ P6 = ê ú = Pn
ç0 2 4 ÷ ë10 -7û ë -40 29û
è ø
æ 5 0 10 ö Þn=6
ç ÷
(1) + (2) Þ 5A = ç 10 -5 15 ÷
ç -5 5 5 ÷
è ø
æ 1 0 2ö æ 2 0 4ö
ç ÷ ç ÷
A = ç 2 -1 3 ÷ and 2A = ç 4 -2 6 ÷
ç -1 1 1 ÷ ç -2 2 2 ÷
è ø è ø
æ 2 0 4 ö æ 2 -1 5 ö
ç ÷ ç ÷
\ B = ç 4 -2 6 ÷ - ç 2 -1 6 ÷
ç -2 2 2 ÷ ç 0 1 2 ÷
è ø è ø
æ 0 1 -1ö
ç ÷
B = ç 2 -1 0 ÷
ç -2 1 0 ÷
è ø
tr ( A ) = 1 - 1 + 1 = 1
tr ( B ) = -1