International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 14, Number 2, 2019 (Special Issue)

© Research India Publications. http://www.ripublication.com

Google Maps Based Railway Track Fault Detection Over Internet

Utkarsh Mishra1, Vistar Gupta2, Syed Mohd Ahzam3 and Shiv Mani Tripathi4

UG Student, Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering,

1,2,3

Shri Ramswaroop Memorial Group of Professional Colleges, Lucknow, India.

4
Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering,
Shri Ramswaroop Memorial Group of Professional Colleges, Lucknow, India.

ABSTRACT- on a large scale with very little initial investment[7]. The

Indian Railways is one of the largest network in the simplicity of this work ensures robustness of operation
world. The movement of train always depends on railway and also the design has been carefully modified to permit
tracks only. If there is a crack in these rails, it creates a rugged operation. Another disadvantage that can be
major problem. The manual inspection of railway track attributed to the conventional commercially available
took more time and human fatigue. The proposed system testing equipment is that they are heavy which poses a
is suitable for railways transportation to identify the practical limitation. The principle point of the present
cracks in the railway tracks earlier and prevent the exploration work is to outline and create a strong safety
accidents. This paper deals about one of the efficient framework for train tracks that can avoid accidents and
methods to avoid Train Derailment. Here in this project give data on mischance. These days trains accident cases
Arduino mega powered by solar panel is used along with are higher than any other time, it has gotten to be
LASER source, APD and vibration sensor to detect the fundamental to give train tracks superb safety system
crack. Further the use of GSM and GPS module gives the with fault detecting technique. Train track fault detection
exact location of crack to the authorities via SMS along system guarantees the best ensure to secure your train
with the link to open a location on Google Maps. The use track from various types of faults. It is a train track
of MOSFETs makes project more efficient as it reduces security system that offers fantastic insurance to train and
the speed of train or robotic vehicle. track. Framework is based on Google Maps. The outline
and framework is inserted in robot[11][12]. Train track
Keywords- LASER, APD, GPS and GSM module, Google fault is detected by robot and the framework send
Maps, Arduino mega and MOSFET. information about fault to base station. After that the
buzzer is the signal to the base station.
1. INTRODUCTION- Project can be used as patrolling vehicle for
Transport is very important to carry the loads and inspection of cracks, tear and wear at various places like:
goods from one place to the other and for this purpose  Calculation of distance of the crack from the
Indian Railway play very important role. The length of origin.
Indian Railway is about 113617 km over a route of 63974  Automatic crack detection in forged metal parts.
km and 7083 stations. Indian railway is the 4th largest  Detection of cracks in concrete pipe.
railway network in the world, but in case of safety we had
not reached at global standard. Because it carry
passengers and goods from one place to other, we should 2. LITERATURE REVIEW
have to focus on the safety of the Railway. Indian rail In general, there exist two main categories of
network is still on the growth trajectory trying to fuel the techniques are currently used for the damage
economic needs of our nation. Though rail transport in identification and for the condition monitoring of railway
India growing at a rapid pace, the associated safety tracks.
infrastructure facilities have not kept up with the Visual inspections: [13] Visual inspection is the
aforementioned proliferation. primary technique used for defect identifications in the
In this technical solutions offered by many tracks, and is effectively used in specialized disciplines.
companies in the detection of cracks in rails involve The successful implementation of this method generally
periodic maintenance coupled with occasional requires the regions of the suspected damage to be known
monitoring usually once a month or in a similar time as a first step. The damage can be suspected by riding the
frame. But the robotics possesses the inherent advantage trolleys all over the track and be readily accessible for
of facilitating monitoring of rail tracks on a daily basis physical inspection. But the visual Inspection could be
during nights, when the usual train traffic is suspended. costly, time consuming and ineffective for large and
Further, that the simplicity of this idea and easy complex structural systems such as the rail track.
availability of the components make for implementation
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International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 14, Number 2, 2019 (Special Issue)
© Research India Publications. http://www.ripublication.com

Neural network: [14] Neural network based IR the photoelectric effect to convert light to electricity. It
sensor approach to fault diagnosis in railway track will detect the light coming from laser as cracks would
circuits. Faults are detected by predicting the values that allow light to pass.
the sensors will measure and comparing these with the C. Arduino Mega:
true values. Methods for fault classification is based on After getting the signal from the detector it is
predicting the output of a system are common as well. fedinto the Arduino Mega. A GPS, GSM modem, and an
Artificial neural networks have achieved the state-of-the- LCD display are connected with Arduino also.
art performance on several pattern recognition tasks. One D. GSM Module:
reason for these successes is the use of a strategy called GSM/GPRS-compatible Quad-band cell phone,
end to end learning. This strategy is based on moving which works on a frequency of 850/900/1800/1900MHz
away from hand-crafted feature detectors and manually and which can be used not only to access the Internet, but
integrating prior knowledge into the network. Instead, also for oral communication (provided that it is connected
networks are trained to produce their end results directly to a microphone and a small loud speaker) and for SMSs.
from the raw input data. Since the railway track network Externally, it looks like a big package (0.94 inches x 0.94
is a large network, neural network is not realistic to inches x 0.12 inches) with L-shaped contacts on four
assume that additional monitoring devices will be sides so that they can be soldered both on the side and at
installed on each track circuit. the bottom. Internally, the module is managed by an
Muley et al proposed an op-amp based system AMR926EJ-S processor, which controls phone
where the crack has been identified by the change of communication, data communication (through an
output voltage in the op-amp[8]. Though a noise in the integrated TCP/IP stack), and (through an UART and a
railway tracks can change the voltage and give a false TTL serial interface) the communication with the circuit
alarm. Rizvi et al and Delforouzi et al uses a computer interfaced with the cell phone itself.[1][2]
vision based railway crack detection system. E. LCD Display:
4-bit data interface for compatibility with ARM
3. PROPOSED WORK boards  LCD_E, LCD_RS, LCD_RW. 2 line x 16
I. Working character Display. Each character location consist of 5 dot
The power is fed to Arduino mega board from a x 8 bit display.
solar panel powered battery. This switches control to the F. DC Motors:
motor driver circuit which runs DC geared motor. The A DC motor's speed can be controlled over a
motors starts running on the track. When the tracks are wide range, using either a variable supply voltage or by
smooth and aligned the LCD will show the status that “No changing the strength of current in its field windings. It
Crack Detected” and the robotic vehice will continue to has highest starting torque. So, here to run the vehicle on
move on the track. As soon as the crack is detected by the tracks we use 2 DC motors. A MOSFET can also be
Laser source and APD, it signals Arduino board. The used to control the speed in more efficient
Arduino board in turn with the help of MOSFET reduces manner.[1][2][3][4][6]
the speed or stops the automated vehicle. Also it directs G. Global Positioning Device (GPS):
GSM module which traces the Geographic location of the A Global Positioning System (GPS) device is
place where crack is detected. This latitude and longitude used to find out the longitude and latitude data.[1][2]
co-ordinate position of vehicle received by the GPS is
converted into a message, done by the Arduino 4. BLOCK DIAGRAM
microcontroller. GPS module sends this traced location to
the registered mobile numbers( approx.10 in limit) along
with the link to open that location on Google Maps. The
SMS of geographic location is sent over smartphones.
The attached link in SMS can be opened using internet
and exact location can be traced. Immediately the nearest
station or Base station will come into play for repairmen
of track. In this way we can efficiently know the track
fault location and work accordingly.
II. Components Used
A. LASER source :
A laser is a device that emits light through a
Figure 4-1
process of optical amplification based on the stimulated Basic block diagram of proposed work.
emission of electromagnetic radiation. This laser light is
made to pass or flashed on tracks.
B. Avalanche Photodiode as detector
An avalanche photodiode (APD) is a highly
sensitive semiconductor electronic device that exploits

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International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 14, Number 2, 2019 (Special Issue)
© Research India Publications. http://www.ripublication.com

Figure 6-2
The message of location of the crack sent by GSM along with link to
open on google maps is displayed (as screenshot taken from phone).

Figure 4-2
Flow diagram of the proposed work.

6. RESULT ANALYSIS

This project during working gives the result status on

LCD as shown (Fig.6-1). During the movement of robotic
vehicle on the tracks the Laser and APD will provide
constant supervision. If no crack is found then LCD will
display the same as ‘No Crack Detected’. And when the
crack is found the LCD will show the result as ‘A Crack
has been Detected’.

Figure 6-3
The location of crack on google maps based on coordinates sent by
GSM.

7. CONCLUSION
In this paper, we have represented a Solar Railway track
crack detection vehicle by suing LASER source and
Figure 6-1 Avalanche Photo Diode as detector. A vehicle, to which
Real time status of crack on LCD. power supply is given by Solar Panel, is so designed to
detect the crack or any deformities on the railway track.
This can be implemented to a large scale which will
After detection of crack the tracking of location is done. reduce the Man labor as well as the maintenance cost. By
Tracked location along with coordinates are sent over using wireless sensor networks techniques we also
registered mobile numbers with a link to open the exact develop more and more reliable security systems
location on google maps. The received message is shown applications, in which continuously monitors the railway
(Fig. 6-2). After opening the location on google maps track through the sensors and detect any abnormality in
with coordinates is also shown (Fig. 6-3). the track. When these sensors are placed in robotic
vehicle or train itself the monitoring becomes automated
and with help of motors and MOSFET the speed is

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International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 14, Number 2, 2019 (Special Issue)
© Research India Publications. http://www.ripublication.com

reduced. The location of crack is opened on Google Maps [10] Q. Wei, X. Zhang, Y. Wang, N. Feng, and Y. Shen,
with the use of internet at receiver’s side. “Rail defect detection based on vibration acceleration
signals”, Instrumentation and Measurement Technology
In future, we can detect cracks in railway tracks
Conference (I2MTC), 2013 IEEE International. IEEE,
by using Image Processing techniques using MATLAB.
pp. 1194 - 1199, DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2013.6555602,
2013.
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