Geotechnical Engineering [CV332]

BSc Civil Engineering – 5th Semester

Lecture # 1
Course Introduction
08 - September – 2022
by
Dr. Mehtab Alam
Assistant Professor,
Civil Engineering Department – GIKI
Email: [email protected]
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 SOME SUGGESTIONS
Attend the lectures.
It takes longer to understand from the lecture notes

Develop a good feel for the subject.

It is practical, interesting, and makes a lot of sense.

Be on time for the class

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SOME SUGGESTIONS

Thou shall not wait till the last minute.

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 COURSE INTRO
Course ID: CV332
Pre-Requisites: Soil Mechanics

Course Objectives:
To educate the students with the application of knowledge of Geotechnical Engineering.
Mapping of Class Learning Outcome (CLOs) to Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs)

S. No CLOS PLOs Bloom

Taxonomy
Discuss the range of geotechnical investigations, types of in-situ field tests,
CLO1 factors considered in bearing capacity of shallow foundations, load carrying
1 C2
mechanism for piles, different earth pressure and slope stability theories

CLO2 Analyze the engineering behavior of soil, stability of foundations, slopes and 2 C4
earth retaining structures

Design suitable geotechnical investigation for any geotechnical structures,

CLO3 shallow foundation, and deep foundation satisfying settlement requirements, 3 C6
slopes, and earth retaining walls 4
COURSE CONTENT
➢ Geotechnical Investigations

➢ Shear Strength of Soil

➢ Bearing Capacity of Soil and Settlement of Shallow Foundations

➢ Deep Foundations

➢ Stability of Earth-Retaining Structures

➢ Stability of Slopes
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LECTURE DELIVERY PLAN (Tentative)

Chapter - 01
Purpose of geotechnical investigations, phases of geotechnical investigations, geotechnical
Lecture # 01
investigation program
Lecture # 02 Soil Sampling, ground water conditions, lab tests, in-situ testing, Geotechnical Report

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LECTURE DELIVERY PLAN (Tentative)

Chapter – 02 : Shear Strength of Soil

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LECTURE DELIVERY PLAN (Tentative)

Chapter – 02 : Shear Strength of Soil

Typical response of soils to shearing forces, effect of increasing normal effective stress,
Lecture # 03 effect of OCR, drainage of excess pore pressure, cohesion, soil tension, cementation
Constitutive models for interpretation of soil shear strength-Part 1 (Coulomb’s failure criterion,
Lecture # 04 Taylor's Failure Criterion)
Constitutive models for interpretation of soil shear strength-Part 2 (Mohr-Coulomb Failure Criterion,
Lecture # 05 Tresca Failure Criterion)
Lecture # 06 Practical implications of the failure criteria
Lecture # 07 Interpretation of Soil Shear Strength
Lecture # 08 Lab tests to determine shear strength of Soil-Part 1 (Direct Shear Test)
Lecture # 09 Lab tests to determine shear strength of Soil-Part 2 (Triaxial Tests)
Lecture # 10 Lab tests to determine shear strength of Soil-Part 3 (Triaxial Tests)
Lab tests to determine shear strength of Soil-Part 4 (Unconfined Compression Test, Simple Shear,
Lecture # 11 True Triaxial, Hollow Cylinder)

Lecture # 12 In-situ field tests to determine shear strength of Soil-Part 4 (SPT, CPT, Vane shear)
Lecture # 13 Empirical relationships for shear strength parameters
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Lecture # 14 Numerical Problem on Soil Shear Strength
LECTURE DELIVERY PLAN (Tentative)

Chapter – 03: Bearing Capacity of Soil and Settlement of Shallow Foundations

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LECTURE DELIVERY PLAN (Tentative)

Chapter – 03: Bearing Capacity of Soil and Settlement of Shallow Foundations

Lecture # 15 Definition, classification on foundation, foundation design approach
Lecture # 16 Terzaghi’s Bearing capacity
Lecture # 17 General Bearing Capacity Equation
Lecture # 18 Interpretation of Soil Shear Strength
Bearing Capacity Correction factors, Special cases NAVFAC (Eccentrically loaded footings, inclined
Lecture # 19 footings, footing near slope, footing on Layered soil), Footing on rock
Lecture # 20 Numerical Problems on bearing capacity Part 1
Lecture # 21 Numerical Problems on bearing capacity Part 2
Settlement of Shallow Foundations, Elastic settlement based on Theory of Elasticity, Schmertmann’s
Lecture # 22 Method, Consolidation Settlement
Lecture # 23 Plate load test, Numerical Problem on settlement of shallow foundations
Lecture # 24 Numerical Design Problems of Shallow Foundations

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LECTURE DELIVERY PLAN (Tentative)

Chapter – 04: Deep Foundations

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LECTURE DELIVERY PLAN (Tentative)

Chapter – 04: Deep Foundations

Lecture # 25 Types and classification of deep foundations, Single pile load transfer mechanism
Lecture # 26 Ultimate axial capacity of Single Pile-Meyerhof Method based on bearing capacity of equation
Lecture # 27 Ultimate axial capacity of Single Pile-Nordlund Method
Lecture # 28 Ultimate axial capacity of Single Pile-Total Stress -α Method
Lecture # 29 Ultimate axial capacity of Single Pile-Total Stress - β Method
Lecture # 30 Numerical Design Problems of Pile Foundation-Part 1
Lecture # 31 Numerical Design Problems of Pile Foundation-Part 2

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LECTURE DELIVERY PLAN (Tentative)

Chapter – 05: Stability of Earth Retaining Structures

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LECTURE DELIVERY PLAN (Tentative)

Chapter – 05: Stability of Earth Retaining Structures

Lecture # 32 Basic concept of lateral earth pressures

Lecture # 33 Coulomb’s Earth Pressure Theory
Lecture # 34 Rankine’s Lateral Earth Pressure Theory
Application of Lateral Earth Pressure to Retaining Walls, types of retaining walls and mode of
Lecture # 35 failures
Lecture # 36 Stability of Rigid Retaining walls 9translation, rotation, bearing capacity, seepage)
Lecture # 37 Numerical Problems on Design of Earth retaining structures-Part 1
Lecture # 38 Numerical Problems on Design of Earth retaining structures-Part 2

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LECTURE DELIVERY PLAN (Tentative)

Chapter – 06: Slope Stability

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LECTURE DELIVERY PLAN (Tentative)

Chapter – 06: Slope Stability

Lecture # 39 Slope types and failures, causes of slope failures, Stability of Infinite Slope
Lecture # 40 Slope Stability analysis using: Bishop's method, Taylor’s method
Lecture # 41 Numerical Problems on Slope Stability-Part 1
Lecture # 42 Numerical Problems on Slope Stability-Part 2

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SUGGESTED REFERENCE BOOKS
1- Principles of Geotechnical Engineering (7th Edition)
(Braja M. Das)
2- Geotechnical engineering: Principals & Practices (2nd Edition)
(Conduto, Yeung & Kitch)
3- An Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering (2nd Edition)
(Holtz and Kovac)
4- Foundation Analysis and Design by (5th Edition)
(J.E. Bowles)
5- Soil Mechanics
R.F. Crag
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EVALUATION
Direct Assessment tools based on CLOs (Subject to Change)
Assessment
CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3
Tools
Quizzes 10% 10% 10%
Assignments 10% 10% 10%
Midterm
30% 30% 30%
Exams
Final Exam 50% 50% 50%
Grading Policy (Subject to Change)
Assessment Items % Marks
1. Assignment 10 A#1-5th week, A#2-9th week, A#3 – 12th week
2. Quizzes 10 Q#1-4th week, Q#2-7th week, Q#3 – 11th week
3. Mid-Term Exam 30 (After 8th week)
4. Final Exams 50 (After 15th week)

Any late submissions will not be entertained 18

 GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION
Chapter - 01
Purpose of geotechnical investigations, phases of geotechnical investigations, geotechnical
Lecture # 01
investigation program
Lecture # 02 Soil Sampling, ground water conditions, lab tests, in-situ testing, Geotechnical Report

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GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION
Geotechnical investigations: Geotechnical investigation implies the use
of different methods to determine the physical properties of soil and rock
below the surface of the earth in a proposed installation site

Purpose of Geotechnical Investigations:

o To evaluate the general suitability of the site for the proposed project.
o To enable an adequate and economical design to be made.
o To disclose and make provision for difficulties that may arise during
construction due to ground and other local conditions

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PHASES OF GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATIONS

• Scope of GI depends on
o Type, size and importance of structure
o Local building codes
o Client & Engineer’s familiarity with the soil at site

• GI has three (03) components

o 1st- Prior to Design
o 2nd- During design phase
o 3rd – During construction phase

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PHASES OF GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATIONS
• The 1st component is typically extensive and conducted in phases
o Phase I: Desk Study
o Phase II: Preliminary reconnaissance
o Phase III: Detailed Scope exploration
o Phase IV: Lab testing
o Phase V: Geotechnical Report writing

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PHASES OF GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATIONS
❑ Phase I: Desk Study
o Collection of available information (site plan, type-size and importance of structure,
loading conditions, previous reports, geological, topographical maps, GIS map etc.)

❑ Phase 2: Preliminary Reconnaissance

o Site visit to provide general overview of topography and geology of site, usually
Engineers take Phase I gathered information while conducting site visit and take
following notes:
✓ Photograph of sites and neighborhood
✓ Access to site for workers and equipment
✓ Sketches of all fences, utilities, walkways, drainage system, electricity and water etc.
✓ Current state of existing structures nearby the site, evidence of damages
✓ Exposed geological and hydrological features

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PHASES OF GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATIONS

o Phase III: Detailed Soil Exploration

✓ Determination of geological structure which should include the thickness, sequence and extend
of soil strata
✓ To determine the groundwater table
✓ To obtain the disturbed and undisturbed soil samples
✓ To conduct in-situ tests

o Phase IV: Lab Testing

✓ To classify soils
✓ To determine soil shear strength, failure stresses, stress-strain responses, permeability,
compressibility etc.

o Phase V: Geotechnical Report Writing

✓ Clear description of soil at site, method of exploration, soil stratigraphy, lab tests method,
groundwater location, interpretation of soil shear strength parameters

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THANKS

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