Probability

s
H → T
coin H
T→
p
T

me
 ( ME events ) .

baidu.hu .

die
A B Exp :
Throwing a

6 }
AnB=4 s : { 1
, 2,3 4,5,
,

HAND O
prime number
-

- '

getting
even
E :
, l l

odd
"

:{ }
"
E 2
, Eg :

number
Ea : { 3,5 } Ez :
it
prime
F-
3
:
{ 2,3 , 5 } but E, & Ez are not ME .

& MINE
Ei Eg are

at

N ( AUB) -_ n ($) .

die
Exp :
Throwing a

6 }
S : { 42,3 4,5
,
,

even no E
, :{ 44,6 }
Getting
.

E :
,
" odd no .

Ez : El 3,5 } ,
Eg :

Ez :
"
Prime no .

Ez :{ 2, 3,5}
& not exhaustive events
Eg Ez are .
 Is Gu Mo
x r x

xvr
97g Tom
men

✓
Ahn x
Am the x

Mr
✓ 9h ur
am

x
9h x
am amx

(1) S :{ 1,213,415,6 }

Dice
Pair of :

14 15 16
11 12 13

23 24 25 26
21 22

33 34 35 36
31 32

43 44 45 46
41 42
55 56
51 52 53 54
65 66
61 62 63 64 .
 s :{ W
,
B }
I whitebait

PCW ) =p
.

99 identical
Blackballs .

p( B) =
99/2 .

I
PCW ) + PCB )=

p -199/2=1
p=f④
punk Hoo
PCB ) -_
991 ,oo }
AH .

S :{ W
,
131,132 ,
- . .

,
Bqg }
( White

99 black
Odds in favour & Odd against :-

Odds in
fav =

naoffavourabkoutcomesno
of .

unfavourable
outcomes
s :
= a-
b

odds in
fax =

¥) MAI
pin 'T
=
-

⇐
Odds
against
=

no.ofunfauoutcomesno.
fav .
gr
outcomes

PCI
=
by =

PCA )
E

alike A A AA €5
Apples are

SOI
.

MI " ' '

- O O O

oranges
n (A) =

o AAAA O 4
O !

§ F
n =

4! 3
!
544 !

¥=5¥=¥.=¥
PCA ) =

MI A ,
Az Az At mfs )=7L
0 Oz 03

Ka !)xs !
,
'd
-I_ MAI -

go
.
-

AiAzA3A4O
0¥ p (A) =
3. (2 ! ) ( 5 ! )
at
,

-
= I "

t
7
pity # -
-
-

-
-
-

t
-

q 3cg .
2
!

¥I=⑤ 7¥ .
 letter is word
selected
from
Q
single
A
it is
PROBABILITY .
Find the
probability
vowel ?
I
¥
so .
÷
a
(d) Hlf
Bla) gg
im

52
52C
SII (g)
.

=
n =
,

n (A) = 30C = 30 .

(A) ,

PCA )
3052
=
'

(b) n (B) = 36

P( B)
3652
= "

n ( C) = 6
( Cl
.

144=652
28
(d) n (D) =

PCD ) =

2852 -
E

Ba
Aa
Eg
190
20cg 20×192
.

SOI mis )
= =
=
.

n (A)
"
C 10C too
( is
= =

, ,
.

PLA )
togo Ya
'
-_ =

dis n (B) =
"
Cg -110cg
PCB) =

2.142190
diii { 3,53 , { 5,73 ,
{ 11,133 , { 17,193

4
PCC) = -
i

190
:
SOI
pcaaa ) =

54¥ =zg,¥¥z=÷=s¥s7
odd 's in fav of all
being green
=
¥ .

"

3¥
" "

against
=
Odd 's
.

Soi 366
days
= 52×7
-12mi ,

⑤ 1/7

§
Mon Tue .
.

Tue , wed .

Wed , their .
BO 2/7 .

.tn?IIe : ⑥ 317 .

Stat , sun .

S '

g. Sun , Mon -
*
÷
N (8) =
§ =
20 .

n (A) =
2

PCA ) =
I =
to .

SE - - - - -

* I
- 10×9=90
dialed
.

n
already
=

N ( Al = I

PCAI =
gto '
E
4

unih-digitinIUD.no#
U D in I

f
-

= 10 '

l n
l

is:i÷÷
l

: :

)
.

*
.
'
s
:

:/ 69
6 6
I

9
,
a
l 16 l
¥
€

SEI { 4 5 6 }

÷÷÷÷i÷:i I
I 2 3
, , , , ,

( 1,21, ( 1,31 ( 1,41 , (1,57, ( 1,6)

,

ii: .
 from pack of
Q Three tickets drawn
randomly
a
are

51 Find the
51 tickets numbered from 1 to .

that
probability
:

in AP
is numbers are "

their is odd
tis sum .

SOI Ci , mis ) =
5kg .

Utz
Z → AP 2y= it
9
, y, f. .

Even
Even

M (A) =
'

g
-125cg

PCA ) = NCA )
ID
odd .

ntytz
=
dis

}
O O
O
( is

E O
dis E
.

25cg 26C
n (B) =
26cg +
.

,
 selected
A- There are 10
keys ,
3
keys
are
randomlythat
to open a lock .
Find the chance
you
correct
chooser the
key
.

have

SE
=
Fo .

Cardy are
randomly
shuffled
52

pack of
well Find the
E A
brothers
four
.
.

distributed equally among field the

that the
all queens
are
by
probability brother
youngest
? 520€ !}
nest ×¢ ,
SE ( 13 ! )? 4 !

"" ' =
is ! ④

Peak neat '

nos) I
(
13
MELet
I u and
y
are 2
randomly selected
integers
.

that
probability
:
Find the

divisible ¥
Cid ( ) is
by
.

kty

' '

3
'
divisible
dis ( ret y ) is
by
 city) is divisible
by
5
( iiis
.
OFF et and are 2
randomly selected
integers
y
n
.

that
probability
:
Find the

divisible ¥
Cid ( ) is
by
.

kty '
tf
7 .-
.
I
- p =

- it
7- Itt
7 I -12 - "

*( tf)
=
¥ 7- I -13 - "

7- It 4 - it

7- It 5
- il

"
→
7- It 6

' '

3
'
divisible
dis ( K+ y ) is

#
by @ I )Z=9I2=3y

{
3I
# I -115=912+611-1
3 It '
#
3A -11
n, y 3 I -12
=

→
,
-

@ I -125=9 IF
Kitty ,

31-1

13×-31 =
I '

=
3×2+1 .

-
 city) is divisible
by
5
( iiis
.

It 2512=51
5I 51 , -11
→ =

JI -11
→ Is , = 5×2+4
N, Y
55¥ g → = 573+4
II A
51+4 =
574-1

q
EV .

A±t÷
his)= 10×10=100

nfa )= 36 .

unitidigitinotqq.int
'

z
3

655
4
I

4
9

FIT,=Fo
)
6 a

=1Aa Ig &
25 I

✓
 N → Natural number .

f. woodsman
*
* ⇐Yat
Ben

& into
:fi÷÷÷÷÷l:i÷÷÷÷÷÷
Pts 2)
-_
=
If P (t -

121=31-6

/ (8--8)=-36
"
I PH=6)= If
PGJ

Pisans 6) =
?

I' ( sum 71=1

ptpt
-

21st 6z= I

If ft ) FT
-

p
'
-_
E A
pair of
dice is thrown and shows different
Find the
probability
:

faces .

cis sum of two faces is

'
prime
'
.

c' is one die shows I .

I 14

③ ⑤ ⑦ ④)
'

=
To
SOI n
ply

¥;;¥i÷EIm
,

iii. .

dis I '

30
 6) denotes the
probability of
E Let Pi ( i =
1,2, ,
. .
-

' die
biased is
when
'

i a
the
face
getting
,

where Pj x I
thrown .

of getting
: -

Find .
the
probability
cis composite fqacex LT
.

P, = . - - -

Pg =L
21

SEI P; = Ki Bez
21
I
-113+13-1 Pg + Pst Pg
=

P,

K -12kt 3k -14kt 5K -16K

= I
K=£[)
"'
path =
IT .

121 when 2 such dieCe are thrown then

find
the
prob .

a doublet
of getting
.

Hy -14,44
'
- - - -

thief
 such dice
BE
ciii, when 3 Brumal are thrown
, find the

that
probability
the faces Is less than 11
la)
.

Burn on

(b)
" " " "
is G .

(c)
" " " "
is 9 .

PG 181 NGl=2#

f
⑨ Pts =3)
-_

4) PG -

H)
PC
-

?
-_

!
p(
I PH=H)
D= lo)
/
) I
) Pflsum > 11 =

P( Dum Elo t
-1
in
n ta =L /n=YI
⑤
-17=6 IENEG
nty .

' ⇐
YEE
=3 6
XTYTZ , IE ZE
. .

"
58=10
÷
cases
Reg prob
.
.

.
= .
 + Z 9
⑥ sexy
=

Y 4 4
:}
IENEG

xtytz -_
⑥ IEEE
G ,
O
,
O .

↳
81,8; 8: 8cg
cases
- 3=25 .

prob 25 foe
Reg
=
.

216
 random throw
I Find the
prob that in a
of 12

twice
dice
,
each face occurs
?
3,3, 4,4 , 55616
"
Sol i
,
I
, 2,2,
t .

12 !
I
'
ca ! )
-12
G
 PCA ) =

¥ .

H
→ P (B) =

FT -

¥
→
T

-
" T't 8-
H .

→
PK ) = '

16
Coin Tf 't
'
¥
'

Tf TF
-

s 't
or
only A .
 P ( either A or B)

( AMB) P ( Bnl) Pkn A)

PCA ) + PCB) + Plc)
-

PCAUBUC) =
-

P -

+ Plan Bnc )

PCAUBUC ) =
E PLA ) -

Ep fan B) t P ( An Bhc )

P ( A- NB )
Probability of
neither A nor B =

P ( ATB ) = I -

P (AUB)

P ( either A B)
E or

Probability of
neither A nor B -
- .
 * B
A
*

**

ME and
exhaustive , then
and B
If
are
A

(B) I
P ( AUB ) = P (A) 1- P = .

A
J
B

* A implies B
( A )
B i -

e occurrence
of A ensures

occurrence
of B .

A
 RE Z
Ab e
Zo e-
as ooo
Sh VE
SOI PIAF
2512=12 ; PCB) =

¥z= 3T
+ PCB ) NAND)
512=226 PCAUB) =P (A)
PLAN B)
-

=
;

Pla )
'
= I -

PCA )=z ; P ( AIB) =P (A -

B)

= PCA ) -

PCANB)

µ
B)
A B
P ( Bn F) =P ( only
'

= PCB) -
PCANB .

PLATE ) =
PLANT ) = I -

PCANB)

P ( Ents ) = PLANT )= I -
P ( AUB)

PLATE ) =
PLA -

B) =
PCA ) -
Plants)
§
outlook ceded
*¥

, µ ,, ,

, , ma , ,
PLA NB )
( AUB ) PCA) + PCB)
-

P =

f- f- PCB)
¥
-
.

= +

PCA ) PCANB )
( B)
-

A
.

P
=

P( AIB )
-

=
Q. A divisor of N = 75600 is randomly chosen. Find the probability that
divisor
( i ) N is divisible by 12 but not by 30.
divisor
( ii ) dN is neither divisible by 12 nor 30.

75600=24.33
'
SOI N = .
5 ? 7 .

120
of divisors 5×4×3×2 =
Total =
.

no .

ft ! diixorxwnhich
are

"
divisible by Yo ? }? }! ;
n (A) = 3×3×3×2 =
54 .
P (A) =

54120 '

48 PCB) 482
4×3×2×2 22.31!
= =

n (B) =

120 .
=

LCM of ( 12,301=60 .

/
"" NIADBF
/yB 3×3×113
PCA ) -

PCANB)

- 3-6 '
= 36
120

plan B) = 36
120

Cii ) PCATB ) I PCAUB)

p ( A- NB )
-
=
=

PCANB))
=
I -

( PCA ) + PCB) -
Q. Consider a set S = { 1,2,3,.......10 } . Three numbers are randomly
chosen. Find the probability that their minimum is 4 and max. is 8.
"
SOI n (H =
Cz

n (A) = 3C,

prob 31
Reg
=
.

"
Cz

Q. Consider a set S = { 1,2,3,.......10 } . Three numbers are randomly

chosen. Find the probability that their minimum is 4 or max. is 8.

Reg prob
.

¥÷9e
S

A B

I
F-
Q. By using all the letters of the word ‘ GABBAR ‘ , words are formed
randomly. Find the probability in a randomly chosen word Bbk
that no two
alike letters are was
not together.

GABBAR Total
of words
2,612,2=180
=
no .

G ,
B B R,
, ,
AAO
AAO
'

5z÷
13130 n( X ) =
=
GO

NY)
5¥ Go
=
=

× y

G , Ai Ai R, BBO
AAOBBO G R

4! 24
ncxny )
=
=

PCXHPCYI Pcxny )
PINKY )
-

6%+6%-21
180

=
91
180

PCXUY)
PW )
I -

Reg prob
=
=
.

= I -
96 "

180
 / (Restricted
Reduced
sample space
)

RE

P ( A/B) =
Plants
PCB)
P ( BIA ) =P ( BIA ) = P
f tf)

n a.in#,- nu.n i.sIi

A B
""al -

neat
⇐
= PLAN B ) "

plat
of

:-#
ee

aqthEqa6Eet
agt#RghREo&e or more .

P (A/B) 43
-2g
=
e- =

A B
64
"
22 55 4656 plan B) = 436=418
33 66
65

yy PCB) =
6/36 =
1/6 .

PCAIB)
PMjYBB}= 1/1,867=43
=
'

Note : H
-
P ( A/B) t P ( ATB ) = I .

dis subset of A then

!
B
If is
'

I
and P ( A/B ) =

( BIA )
Ppf?
.

P(pF,3=PpfB
=L
( A/B)
PLEYEL
.

H Pl A/B) t P
=
+

I
-

,I ④A
PCBIAI
PfYfn=PpfB
-

dis

P ( A/B) =
PCApnj31-3-t.pk?#- I
:
PLAN B)
H P (A/B) =

Pt
dis Pf BIA ) =

PCBNAIPCA )

PCB ) Plan B)
PCA) 1-
-

Ciii ) PCAUB) =

in PCATBT -

Ma¥f5I=PYIT=tI9Y¥

④
B
cis " ( Blat
MpAf =P
-

ANB =p
His
17¥
-
PCANB)=o

P( Bla ) - O .
E

soil
"

(
P FAU B) If ) = P ( (AUB) )
NF
=
PCANFI-PCBn.tl#AnBnF
PCF )

PCBIF) PCANBIF)
PCAIF) 1-
-

"
III PCB) PCAIB)
Reme P( A/B) PCAfY, Plan B) -

=
=

=
PCA) P (BIA)
-

( simultaneous occur )
.

D= A 1713

An B = AB ↳ P ( Dnc) = PCD) Pulp) .

AUB = At B =P ( ANB) P(4AnB) -

An Bric - ABC . = PCA) P (BIA)

- -
PC An B )
R balls Three
contains 3 w 4G 5 .

Q An urn , ,
at random with
drawn
by
one
one
balls are

that
Find the prob
replacement red
.

third is
.

white 4
.

two balls are

cis first & third red .

second
His first
white, green
colours
of different
.

ciii , all are

other is red
white &
.

them are
Cim two of

H'Insist
"'

→ '

dis WGR

Klitzke
 white & is
green
one
red is
Ciii ,
.

one is ,
one

¥¥¥¥¥¥,
4
R W G

::
↳ W G Re 11

W R
"
By
"
G R W

G x
( Ex Zizxfz)

white & is red

Civ ) two one
.

are

{ ¥y=⇐x e
W W R

"
-

3
( Exist E) .
 R balls Three
contains 3 w 4G 5 .

Q An urn , ,
at random without
drawn
by
one
one
balls are

that
Find the prob
replacement red
.

third is
.

white 4
.

two balls are

cis first & third red .

second
His first
white, green
colours
of different
.

ciii , all are

other is red
white &
.

them are
Cim two of
w WR
ci ,

Hdl # let
3. W

'a
512
iii , w GR

* Hiko
Two white
of diff colours liv ,
are

Iii is all
.

are
and one is red .

""

oomf !÷" "

..

31¥ EE )
11

• x
( Exit El x
 R balls Three
contains 3 w 4G 5 .

Q An urn , ,

at random
simultaneously
.

balls are drawn

that !
Find the prob .

of different
colours
of them
.

(is All are

white & other is red .

dis two
of them are

3W 3 balls are

4G #
5th

"

7÷; -

I:Iwµ
=

of Fifi El
""
E
T##_TE
see

¥ .

Att :
=

fi Fi fo

En¥

P ( A/B) = PIA) ;
P ( A/B ) =P CA )
**
€
.

P(Ap%B}_ PCA ) P ( An B ) =P (Al P ( B )

.

2 Events A and B are said to be independent

does not affect
if occurrence or non - occurrence
of one

the
of
occurrence of
probability
occurrence or non -

the
other .
 Here A & B are independent events .

them

**

=P ( AVI )

events
*
If A and B are MLE as well as
independent
both Zero
PCA ) 0 or P (B) o or .

it would mean
=

An 13=4
P (An B) = O
-

P (A ) P (B)
-
= 0

Hence atleast one

of A or B must be
impossible
event .
 A and such that
E
If
B are
independent events

PCB )=q where pi q E

( o
II then
PLA ) =p
,
,

ch P ( A/B )

dis P ( ITB )
( iiis p (E) AUB )
PCAT.PH#
① PLATE ) =

PlpF¥,B =

PCB )

p) ( g) H B
¥
I
( I
-
-
-

=
-

② P (ATI )
=
PLA ) -

Plants )
=
d -

p)
-

PLAT PCB)
-

=L , -

p)
-

G Pla q)
-
-

=D -

p) ( Hitg) =
9,4 p) -
.

⑥ PCIIAUB )=P(AhAT
P ( AUB)

=
PCAT.PL#-PCAHPCBtPfA
PLAN B)
P ( AUB)
=

PCB)
)
.
=

Imp
=
¥⇐⇐EE¥EEEE⇐¥E¥¥

¥
#

SOI 1- p( In In 5)

I -

PCT ) PCI ) PCI) -

I -

(O -
4) (0.3) ( O 9)-

✓
Note : -

If cards are dealt one by one from a well shuffled pack of 52 cards without replacement then the
probability that a particular card is drawn at the nth draw ( 1< n < 52 ) is independent of n and is
- n

equal to 1/52.

cards
52
playing
-

\ I,
Ace
=
of spade
=
.

1st draw Izz

Ace
of spade
=
in
.

5th draw
=fz
" "
" =
" .

ft draw Ig
"
" =
"
y
" .
 E- 3

F
-
o

An B- n
Bent + In Bn E
c
t
E -
I → An

An B- nc + A n Bhc
E -
2 → An Bric +

An .BA C
E -

3 →

Eo → An B n E ( None
of them occurs ) .

P( An B- n E) = I -
PCAUBUC)
End

i -

e Pairwise
sa
ie
mutually .

tis Check whether the events are pair wise independent ? yess
Cii) Check whether the events are independent ? No
=

/
PCA ) PCB)
=P ( Ah B) ¥
-

P ( AB)
=

Cil
=

V
PCB) PG )
(
-

P
¥
Bc ) p my
= =
=

/
Pal . PCA )
P ( CA ) pen A)
Iq
= =
=

O F PCA) PCB) PCC) -

P ( )
-

An Bhc =
E

K
setatttb
Soil Mfa ) yo
.

=
-
B n 1=50
= atdtcthf .

btx-c-Z.se
y
NCC )
a
60 -_ .
=

to =L
MCANBN
= .
.

th
b c

70
Ntytz
= .

Z 30

:}
c
n+a+b=
.

abt EI 's
Reg .prob=at
,

-12=120
Total 2fa+b+4tnty
.

=3 la+sF

(
.

Total = ( ntytz)t( atb -14+2

=
70+25+10 = 105 .

-1

(D)
E

}
SEI PLAIT PCB) 2 Plan B) =P '

2217A )
Add
-

PCB) + PC -
2 P ( Bhc) =
P '

-
2 EPCANB)
pcc, + PCA) -
2 PCCAA ) =
P -

=
3p
PLAN Bnc ) =
p2 .

1
PCAUBVC) = .

A B C t exhaustive .

, ,
I

I
EP ( Al -

E PLA NB) + PLAN Bnc) = .

31£ + 15=1 .

215+3/0-2=0
I
pht Up p 2=0
-
-

(2 p -

l ) ( p -121=0
or
p
I
Q If A,B,C are independent events such that P(A) = p, P(B) = q, P(C) = r where
p,q,r (0,1). Let

E : only A occurs

:3
E : none of A,B,C occurs

E : only event C occurs.

If probabilities of events E ,E , E are in GP. Then find value of p+r ?

123

PCB ) PCE)
Soi PCE , )= ( B- NE ) =P ( A)
.

P A n .

)
p ( g) (
t I
-
-
s .

)
p) ( t g) (
r
ni) (t t .

P ( Ez) =P ( Ents
-
-

=
-

p) ( t g)
r
P ( Fn B- n c) =
(I - - . .

PLEZ) =

(PFE ) )2= PCE) PC E3)

.

a- pfctgfh-rf-p.ch/qHn.u-pXtgXr
d -

p) ( t
-
r ) =
Pr
=L
ptr pox
i -
r -

ptp/r=pr/
E

-8
SOI p ( IIT)= PCI) .
P( III ) .

PCTIINI )
=

tallest

E
•
soil
P( prob is solved) = I -
P ( Ents )
=
I - PCE ) PCB)
.

= I -

⇐HIT
Aa
= I -

f-
=

E
E-

snooty
HI IF }
s
:{ TT ,
TF
,
IT
,

cis P( TF ) t P ( FT) =
Iz }.
t } }
.
=

g1 '

P( F T) -1 PITT)
tis PIT F) +

£ F -
t Zz It I I
.
-
=

F .

OR

( FF ) I
Zz .z=5q
-

I P
= .

Pl FT ) t P ( FF )
( iiis PCT F) t

31 } . +
Fitz T F } .
=

Sq
OR

I
-
P ( TT)
= I -

I =

GI .
E-

-33g
TEER TREKKER
) P ( R or or
p( #A ins =

IR or . . - . -

)
29 )
313
=
PCR ) + P( KERR) + PCEEEEEER
1- - - - - -

ft # E. E) f- +
EY ft .
-
- - - -

36
I
=

tf 9T
i
IEEE R or .

( IR
. . . .
.

or
) P
PCB wins =

(PCE PCR ) t
- -
- - - -
-

= PCE ) PCR) +

4.
F. ft ft
. - - -
-

31

( )
=

Et
'

91
=

PK wins) = I -

(F) =

2£ .
E

mammonism
Compute E and F. -

SEI PCE , =
pcp or th pi R or Pir ERT R )
5W
=
PCR) t PCE ER ) t PEEEEER)
I R

ftp.#ItEiIx* PLE--Ltftf- LzPCFl=zt

=

HE
E
E

99 log
g/f÷i )
IR

Bag
- A
Bag . .
%i÷)
+

SE ↳ I -

Plum 8) -

2,2 ↳
zf.tg.LI ) =L
ca, I I
, , =
II
16
-

# 16

6X( ¥)
' '
G total 6
cases prob
of
.
=

41
2,9=6
" " " I
⑤ 6 7 8
4,5, , ,

I P( getting
sum =
4)
5)
-

P ( atleast =

ftp.tziffy-i-f-ffo
.

= I -
HE
£

Ee
E

SOI
IT IT t TT H
or -
-
-
-

)
P ( Ram wins) = PCH or IT ti H or

=
It (f)
3+1315-1 - - - -
-

=3
¥4
.

= =

wins ) = I -

Zz
=
I .

pish
.
:
yam
£

Ee
SOI Hor T
TT T T f
un
- - -

occurred

Reg prob
.
=
f. f.
( ) =

¥ .
E
is
F

dis same suit E, diff denominations

suit " !
( iiis diff g same

¥ 's
52-12=40 card -

£Y±→ ,

spade Club Diamond Heart

cis
-
"
g. 94.847C ,

40
(
g

"
"
dis g. Cg
-

Yo

Cy
10
( iii , c -
I
,
f I

40cg
¥

Ig

SOI la ' I I
zp

3G PCD,nDz) =P (DD .

P(D2/p ),

¥ Et to
-

-
= - .

(b) DGD , GDD ,

GGG

PCDGD) + PCGDD)tP( GGG)

HHT Ht # F 's)
=

Hot tot to
=

Zo '
€ *

oBggpfg#a
ai "
HEH HENTAI #
Ace
ciii
-

I Ace
3 None ace
-

Ase .
4.
HI .

# ¥oi¥g¥
'
EEN
FIND
A

=
PLENA , ) t PCE n Az) t . - - -
t P CEN An) .

- - i r l

. •
Ain Aj =
of
S
• A
,
VA zu Az .
- -
U
Ayn = .

A B C

Soi
I I II

IR 213 3K
ENA EN B Enc
ZP 3 P y p

selected
HE
Compartment ¥
is

BA
:

,
:

'
II
'

C :

E : she draws a rupee coin .

.ME/pd---bxb-t-zx2z--zxzt-PC4PCEk
PCE ) = PLENA ) TPCEABITPCENC ) = PCA ) .

PCEIAITPCB)
,
E

€
x Y Z
SOI
D

n¥ p%nHz,
PCDKPCDNX )

PC Defective)

pfxl.PH/x)tP(Yl.PLD/y1tPCZl-PlDlz)=tio t#t*oho hEoIEo I

=
v.Twp

REE
£
€
t B C
8N
SOI
10
Is I DH

EnBEnc-
- l DT
E

A : Normal coin selected , pea ,=%

" "
IMB # Ho
coin tossed
B : DH Shrines
e :

DT
" ' '
IPKKHO fell head wipe
( :

PCENB)

Reg prob
= -

PCE)
.

PCB) -

PCEIB )
=
=

PCEIAI -PCBI.PE/B1tPC4.PCE/cjPCB/E)- tox1FoxHy5+toxi-fxTo

PCA ) -
¥

A B
SOI
is .se?ected
BA
""
E
"

E "
:
'
E : l W 4313 balls were
observed .

W B B B

PCA) PLEIA ).

P (Ale ) =

Reg prob PCEIBT

-
=

PCB)
.

PCA ) P ( EIA ) +
-

¥Hi¥¥xx+¥ff¥¥txT
4
= Ix x

-
 E

A B C
PCAKYZ
SOI A : He knows
17131=1/6

EnA¥E
B : He copies
PC4=Y3
he
guesses
.

c:

answered
E : He
correctly

plate ) =
PCEAAI-i-ffattfjffyn.FI#pEhsTp(EnA)tPCEnBl-
PCENC) + pccl.PE/c)

= t .

zxitftxtsttzxfz
'

"
c
,
+42+43+44=15 V -
- w
-

④
④
⑥
④
WE
E

mass
 Q
HA

-#
'
'
→ A
:
÷÷
.

3 3 - it

51
"
4 2 →

"
I →

"

6 Balls 61 O →

tfx 3¥
Reg prob
=

(3
.

txottaxottxot I Htt "¥)

+
¥F¥HH¥,
* AH

e-
HE

F-
HE
E

F-
(BID)
 E

Soi Pis) = 116

P (F) = 5/6 .

¥5
'

4 #
⇐I
iii.
"
Eo
I PC's =D
pls 6)
-

( Iii )
Pfs =D + pfx=2H
=
+

Ef
. . .

= I -

t P( o success )
(in pfonexuccesx)

# ⇐It Ei
'
'
a
.

HE
A-
--€
EEN
And →
Is .

paint dice
see
E : :: :3: :
'
su

÷: : . I

P ( E or # n F) E or
(En ETE or . . . . .
. . . .

) =
Reg prob .
.

(
PC ETF ) I P (E UF ) o
E)
=
-

PCE

:*
n =

" "
¥ .

PCE n E) PCE ) + (PCENEIJZPCE ) -1 =

If Any
-
- - --

Pfe) t
E K MA

• a mass
"
x y
Sol
=
the letter
X : son
post
the letter
Y Y : son did not post
Enix en

P( x) = 3-
4

Ply ) =L
4

F- : letter did not reach destination

PCENY) PCH PCEIY )

.

PNE) =
-
= - -

Pfenxltpfeny ) PCNPCEkj-PCN.PE/y)

I
=

¥x
¥¥t¥x
¥ Has
⇐
=

=
 -

e-
F-

SOI
B,
Platek z¥¥x¥tzZI
Bz 43×2/3
PC E)
y#z+yz×4ztyx3k
=

Bz

A B
Plate )= ¥.
5×3-+5×34
c
.

A selected
TX } t
: coin B,
ENA ERB EN Bz
" ''
B :
"
Bz
' '

c :

head wise
E : Coin tossed fell

Plate )X 's +
PCBIEIXZZ + PHE
)X¥ .

Reg prob
=
.

23
=
HA
-36
E

F-
 PCX -_ n -

D
n -
I → 5
I → F

-
"

q' sing't
'

( p # qjh-ncopnqo-4.ph
-

. . . .

then
In
f÷tnqpMq+
.

. - - -

It
( o - success

n r → success
÷.

n- Failure
-

N success
Failure "
-

y -

o failure
p(X=o)
-

Plan)
A-
--€
PCH ) -1pct) =L
SEM PCH ) = 2K

PCT ) = K N =
43
PCH ) =
2/3
PCT ) =
43 .

11k¥
I Entwine
"
2 Head '

2 Tail .

cc.⇐i⇐ilx#
€

Successes
"
step Fwd O 4 =

Sot
= .

Failure
step Backward
= 0.6 =

REI ④
④ y
-

y
,

¥ Backward
x G step
starting 6 step
Fwd n Fwd
point g
n
Bek

qco.uico.at gco.yico.si
"
"
 ⇐18¥17 osmometer
'

7¥ E
'
'
E t
,
, B None

⇐I
'

⇐I ⇐ft
'
'
E Es
at
,
Q. An urn contains 15 black balls and 5 white balls. 10 balls are drawn one by one
replacement. Then find the probability of getting exactly 5 black balls.
with

Success :
-

white Ball
→ PCS
)=Izo=¥
Failure : Black Ball PCF)
3/4
→ =

15 Black

s white

10cg ¥1512415 '

FAA fair
Q. Find the minimums number of times a coin is tossed such that probability of
getting at least 2 heads is greater than 0.5 ?

n times tossed .

t P (n H
) > 0.5
PGH) t - -

PGH)
-

+
P ( 2K ) t

P ( 1H) O 5
HOH ) >
-

I
-
-

)
' "
"
Hit na Et >
I
( co
.

1-

I >
* F- +
natha 's
Iz
X
Zz
<
A- I

×
A- 2
g- <
I
×
7=3
4g <
I
% minimum -_ 4 ✓
E I
.

-
 " '
E
(c) red and blue ball are drawn alternately.

e¥
HE
* .

k¥1
✓ 3Bf¥
TE ¥13
⑨ I -
PCRRR)
)
PCRR B) + PCRBR

zttz.z.es/tiEEt
⑤
I -

⑤ Ff) (E) BRR )

①P)tpRBRlP( 's # ¥

E. f. E
-

3. * +
HE

Ed
 Probability Distribution :- ⇐ RIE E MAINS ONLY )

Rem
( Xi )

Rem

Rem

E = E ( x; -

ut pi
=
E ( x ; pi tu pi
- - 2x in
pi )
'

wi E
pi
2 u E Xi pi
pi
-

= E x; t

'
w 2n (ill .

Ep ; t
-

x
=
;

I =
Ep ; x ?
-
th .
Hip
 roof

em
If Reem Reem
E

:/ :/ :/
pcxi ) XF
2

SOM X; Phil Xi Phil_#

¥64366
= " I
I 11/36 136

:¥¥
4
:÷÷ .
25
:¥÷
15/36
5 3/36 36/36

6/436--7%75=8
6/36 .
366

/
91/36 INE -
-
"

ok Epilxilxih - U
:
"÷
'
" " "

: ÷ ÷ t 't
Xi ""

iz 34.5C
873
,

13141¥ if
-

SOI np=g ptq=I

↳ =
Zz

npq=¥ 3×4=12
f-
=
n' -

q=¥
PCX=l2)
p= 3- =P(X=21tP(x=3)t t
- - -

&
= I -
p(X=o )
-
PH 'D
"

413¥14) )
" '

( to
'
+
.

= I -
Q
dots
X = No .

of
Xi Pi

Hi:p
-
Xi Pi
1/6 46

116 416
5 116 5/6

61 '
16 u%_ .

A
Epixi -_

Mathematical expectation :-

#####
Ki
sod Pia i Pi -

P1=kB=
Be 2K 134=4 K

P, -113+13-114=1
10K -_ I /K=
Rs
P, KX 10000=1000
Mohney expected by
=
RD
2.000
.

2K X 10000 =
"
Pz =

i
.
**
Q. In a game , a man wins Rs 100 if he gets 5 or 6 on a throw of a fair die and loses
Rs 50 for getting any other number on the die. If he decides to throw the die
either till he gets a five or a six or to a maximum of three throws , then his
expected gain/ lose ( in rupees ) is
 Spots
"
=

Ie Is
g-

a#BBgG
dig
Bob -

47¥
,
 at
Gg
①
'

iii.
'
"

:
÷

i
②

¥
II.¥
' -
'

"

i
A

③ "

%÷: *÷ :
B
z
.

C
HE
E
E-
.
E

F-

to LET
IT +
HET IE to Esf
t +
HI ⇐I ¥
*

,
o to

I⇐lEt ¥
 -22

EH # HEH #
ca ,
+

⑨
HFI # +
ELENE )
Q. In a game , a man wins Rs 100 if he gets 5 or 6 on a throw of a fair die and loses
Rs 50 for getting any other number on the die. If he decides to throw the die
either till he gets a five or a six or to a maximum of three throws , then his
expected gain/ lose ( in rupees ) is

SOI X : expected gainlloxx

in rupees .

P( sort )
=

tf =
Zz
PCs or 6) 2z= } ;
-

Rs 100
one throw : ⇐ orb) -

501-100=12×50
)
-7
( sort )
-

Two throw ( sorb

throws
:
50-50+100=13×0
) ⇐ 6) →
-

or

Three : ( Fort) ( sort

50=-150
( Fort) ( otr ) (5076 )
" → -
50 -
so -

"
:
RD .

÷⇐÷÷¥ I
:ZzEz-Zz2/u=Zxipi=
i Pi Xi Pi
-

100 100/3
"
:
-
150×1

O
Ant
-
E
F-
.

SE ←
l →

-
'
net .

l cuty )
-

t v' 't't:*
e .
HIEI
¥,
of 2 sides
of E is
than
greater "

÷:÷÷÷÷÷÷÷÷F
sum

Hel
my =L A
q
y lk
i
=

:÷÷÷
⇐
is :*
D dis
LEM
HIT AE .
 ohfttlllllllllllee
Deep oghlhturhdhnal

31×127×69 = ③
eg
: -

⑨
333×127×69 = -

N
NiXNzXNz=

knits : o, I
, 2,3 .
. . .
,g (F) ( YT) # =(To } 3

(
=

fav :
1,3 , 7- org

* Units
digit
is
1,3, 5,7 , I

i¥xn÷"¥n¥=nJ '
.tl#I=tEoI
is

1,434 , 6,7 8,9

Units
digit
- ,
*

N
Hi X .
Na X Nz =