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This worksheet contains 12 problems involving relative and constrained motions. The problems require calculating velocities, accelerations, and other kinematic quantities for objects moving in relation to one another. Sample answers are provided for each problem, with the relevant equations, variables, and numerical values used to obtain the solutions. Key concepts covered include relative motion, constrained motion with pulleys and cables, motion up and down inclines, and circular motion as observed from different frames of reference.

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Minte Mulu
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162 views

WS24

This worksheet contains 12 problems involving relative and constrained motions. The problems require calculating velocities, accelerations, and other kinematic quantities for objects moving in relation to one another. Sample answers are provided for each problem, with the relevant equations, variables, and numerical values used to obtain the solutions. Key concepts covered include relative motion, constrained motion with pulleys and cables, motion up and down inclines, and circular motion as observed from different frames of reference.

Uploaded by

Minte Mulu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Worksheet on Relative and Constrained Motions, Dynamics//2022

1. The boats A and B travel at constant


speed of vA =15 m/s and vB = 10 m/s
when they leave the pier at O at the
same time. Determine the distance
between them when t = 4 s.

[Ans. vB/A= 8.074 m/s, dAB = 32.3 m]

2. The jet transport B is flying north with a velocity vB = 600km/h when smaller aircraft A
passes underneath the transport headed in the 600 direction shown. To passengers in B
however, A appears to be flying sideways and moving east. Determine the actual velocity
of A and the velocity which A appears to have relative to B.

[Ans. vA = 1200 km/h, vA/B = 1039 km/h]

3. At the instant shown, cars A and B are


travelling at the speeds shown. If B is
accelerating at 1200 km/h2 while A
maintains a constant speed, determine
the velocity and acceleration of A with
respect to B.

[Ans. vA/B = 80.4 km/hr, aA/B = 3260 km/h2]

Keyru S. ECE Page 1


Worksheet on Relative and Constrained Motions, Dynamics//2022

4. Train A travels with a constant speed vA = 120 km/h along the straight and level track.
The driver of car B, anticipating the railway grade crossing C, decreases the car speed of
90 km/h at the rate of 3 m/s2. Determine the velocity and acceleration of the train relative
to the car.

[Ans. vA/B = 70.9 i – 46.9 j (km/h), aA/B = 1.5 i + 2.6 j (m/s2)]

5. Airplane A is flying horizontally with a constant speed of 200 km/h and is towing the
glider B, which is gaining altitude. If the tow cable has length r = 60 m and θ is increasing
at the constant rate of 5 degrees per second, determine the magnitudes of the velocity v
and acceleration a of the glider for the instant when θ = 150

[Ans. vB = 206 km/h, aB = 0.457 m/s2 from B to A]

6. At a certain instant after jumping from the airplane A, a skydiver B is in the position
shown and has reached a terminal (constant) speed vB = 50 m/s. The airplane has the same
constant speed vA = 50 m/s, and after a period of level flight is just beginning to follow a
circular path shown of radius ρA = 2000 m. (a) Determine the velocity and acceleration of
the airplane relative to the skydiver. (b) Determine the time rate of change the speed vr of
the airplane and the radius of curvature ρr of its path, both as observed by the nonrotating
skydiver.

[Ans. (a) vA/B = 50 i + 50 j m/s, aA/B = 1.25 j m/s2 (b) v̇r = 0.884 m/s2, ρr = 5660 m]

Keyru S. ECE Page 2


Worksheet on Relative and Constrained Motions, Dynamics//2022

7. Neglect the diameter of the small pulleys and establish the relationship between the
velocity of A and the velocity of B for a given value of y.
3𝑦𝑣𝐴
[Ans. vB = - ]
2√𝑦 2 +𝑏 2

8. The man pulls the boy up to the tree limb C by walking backward. If he starts from rest
when xA = 0 and moves backward with a constant acceleration aA = 0.2 m/s2,
determine the speed of the boy at the instant yB = 4 m. Neglect the size of the limb. When
xA = 0, yB = 8 m, so that A and B are coincident, i.e., the rope is 16 m long.

[Ans. vB = 1.41 m/s]

Keyru S. ECE Page 3


Worksheet on Relative and Constrained Motions, Dynamics//2022

9. Determine the expression for the velocity vA of the cart A down the incline in terms of the
upward velocity vB of cylinder B.

2√𝑥 2 +ℎ2
[Ans. vA = vB]
𝑥

10. Under the action of force P, the constant acceleration of block B is 3 m/s2 to the right. At
the instant when the velocity of B is 2 m/s to the right, determine the velocity of B relative
to A, the acceleration of B relative to A and the absolute velocity of point C of the cable.

[Ans. vB/A = 0.5 m/s, aB/A = 0.75 m/s2 and vC = 1 m/s all to the right]

Keyru S. ECE Page 4


Worksheet on Relative and Constrained Motions, Dynamics//2022

11. If load B has a down ward velocity vB, determine the upward component (vA)y of the
velocity of A in terms of b, the boom length l and the angle θ. Assume that the cable
supporting A remains vertical.

𝑙√2(1+ cos 𝜃)
[Ans. (vA)y = vB]
𝑏 tan 𝜃

12. Cylinder A has a constant down ward speed of 1 m/s. Compute the velocity of cylinder B
for (a) θ = 450, (b) θ = 300 and (c) θ = 150. The spring is in tension throughout the motion
range of interest, and pulleys are connected by the cable of fixed length.

[Ans. (a) vB = 0.293 m/s, (b) vB = 0, (c) vB = - 0.25 m/s]

Keyru S. ECE Page 5

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