Scribd
Upload
32 views

Pract

This experiment aims to determine the focal length of a convex lens by plotting a graph between the object distance (u) and image distance (v). Various object distances were used and the corresponding image distances were measured and recorded. A graph of u vs v yielded a rectangular hyperbola. The focal length was calculated to be 20.5cm based on the relation that when the object is at 2f, the image distance is also 2f. Precautions taken in the experiment included removing parallax and ensuring proper positioning and focus of the needles.

Uploaded by

Manasvi Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
32 views

Pract

This experiment aims to determine the focal length of a convex lens by plotting a graph between the object distance (u) and image distance (v). Various object distances were used and the corresponding image distances were measured and recorded. A graph of u vs v yielded a rectangular hyperbola. The focal length was calculated to be 20.5cm based on the relation that when the object is at 2f, the image distance is also 2f. Precautions taken in the experiment included removing parallax and ensuring proper positioning and focus of the needles.

Uploaded by

Manasvi Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

DATE:

EXPERIMENT NO.5 PAGE NO.


AIM:
To determine the focal length of a convex lens by plotting graph between object distance ‘u’ and the
image distance ‘v’.
APPARATUS REQURED:
A convex lens of small focal length and small aperture, an optical bench of length 1.5m, two optical
needles, three uprights and a lens holder.
THEORY:
The nature, size and position of image formed by a convex lens depends on the position of object
placed in front of the lens. When an object is taken from focus to infinity then the real and inverted
image moves from infinity to focus behind lens.
If u and v are object and image distances from the optical centre of the lens then the focal length of
lens can be determined by the relation given below:
1 1 1
= -
f v u
If u and v are taken on X-axis and Y-axis respectively then the graph will be a rectangular hyperbola.
DIAGRAM:

OBSERVATIONS:
1. Least count of optical bench = 1mm = 0.1cm
2. Table for object and image distances:

Serial Position of Position of Position of Object Image distance


no. lens object image distance u=a v=a c (cm)
a (cm) b (cm) c (cm) b (cm)
1 80 23 113 57 33
2 80 30.5 115 49.5 35
3 80 35 118 45 38
4 80 41.5 124 38.5 44
5 80 45.5 130 34.5 50

CALCULATION:
If the object is at 2f then the image is also formed at 2f i.e
v = u =2f
Or OB=OA=2f (from graph)
OB OA
∴f= or
2 2
∵ OA=OB= 41cm
41
∴f= = 20.5cm
2
RESULT:

The focal length of given convex lens measured experimentally is 20.5cm.

Precautions:

1.Parallax should be removed from tip to tip.


2. While removing parallax, the tips of object and image needles should be at the optical centre of
lens.
3. To locate the position of the image, the eye must be placed at a distance of at least 25cm.
4. The screws and the bases of uprights should be tight enough
5.The needles must be shiny and sharp enough.
MUKESH KUMAR

MAKE GRAPH LIKE THIS

NOTE: DIAGRAM ON LEFT PAGE

You might also like