International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD)

Volume 6 Issue 7, November-December 2022 Available Online: www.ijtsrd.com e-ISSN: 2456 – 6470

Assessment of Effectiveness of Structured Teaching

Programme on Knowledge Regarding Dengue Fever
Gaytri Devi1, Jasmeet Kaur2, Poonam Thakur3
1
Senior Staff Nurse, 2Associate Professor, 3Assistant Professor,
1
Manipal Hospital Palam Vihar Gurgaon, Haryana, India
2
Department of Medical Surgical Nursing,
2,3
Gian Sagar College of Nursing, Ram Nagar, Rajpura, Punjab, India

ABSTRACT How to cite this paper: Gaytri Devi |

Dengue fever is an acutely infectious mosquito-borne viral disease. Jasmeet Kaur | Poonam Thakur
The prevalence of the mosquito borne disease was increases shown "Assessment of Effectiveness of
by the recent decades. According to the World Health Organization Structured Teaching Programme on
Dengue virus infection is an escalating health problem throughout the Knowledge Regarding Dengue Fever"
Published in
world because of increasing mortality and morbidity and is currently
International
endemic in over 100 countries. “Aim of this study is to assess the Journal of Trend in
effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge Scientific Research
regarding dengue fever among the students. The conceptual and Development
framework was developed based on the Health Belief Model. (ijtsrd), ISSN:
Structured lesson plan was developed on Dengue fever and content 2456-6470, IJTSRD52373
validity was determined by the experts from nursing field. Volume-6 | Issue-7,
Knowledge questionnaire internal consistency (r-0.8) was tested by December 2022, pp.537-541, URL:
using split half method. Baseline knowledge level was assessed and www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52373.pdf
structured teaching programme was introduced. Post-test assessment
of knowledge level was done immediately after teaching session. Copyright © 2022 by author (s) and
International Journal of Trend in
Data was collected from the 50 selected samples by using structured
Scientific Research and Development
knowledge questionnaire. Result revealed that in pre-test maximum Journal. This is an
subjects (44%) were having average knowledge, 30% subjects were Open Access article
having average knowledge and 24% subjects were having below distributed under the
average knowledge whereas only 2% subjects were having excellent terms of the Creative Commons
knowledge. After giving teaching to the subjects post-test knowledge Attribution License (CC BY 4.0)
have shown that majority of subjects i.e..38%.had good level of (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)
knowledge,36% had excellent level of knowledge,18% had average
whereas only 8% had below average level of knowledge regarding KEYWORDS: Knowledge, Students,
dengue fever. Dengue fever

1. INTRODUCTION
Dengue is "A disease of many tropic and subtropic cases, the disease develops into the life-threatening
regions that can occur epidemically; caused by dengue hemorrhagic fever, resulting in bleeding, low
dengue virus, a member of the family Flaviviridae.” levels of blood platelets and blood plasma leakage, or
Dengue fever is an acutely infectious mosquito-borne into dengue shock syndrome, where dangerously low
viral disease. The prevalence of the mosquito borne blood pressure occurs. Dengue is spread by several
disease was increases shown by the recent decades. species of mosquito of the Aedes aegypti. The virus
has five different types;[3]infection with one type
According to the World Health Organization Dengue
virus infection is a escalating health problem usually gives lifelong immunity to that type, but only
short-term immunity to the others. Subsequent
throughout the world because of increasing mortality
and morbidity and is currently endemic in over 100 infection with a different type increases the risk of
severe complications. [1] A number of tests are
countries. Dengue Symptoms typically begin three to
fourteen days after infection. This may include a high available to confirm the diagnosis including detecting
antibodies to the virus or its RNA.1
fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and joint pain, and
a characteristic skin rash. Recovery generally takes The epidemiology of dengue in India to improve
less than two to seven days. In a small proportion of understanding of its evolution in the last 50 years and

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 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
support the development of effective local prevention were directed at vector elimination using insecticides.
and control measures. Early outbreak reports showed However, chemical vector control programs have
a classic epidemic pattern of transmission with limited feasibility due to insect resistance and the cost
sporadic outbreaks, with low to moderate numbers of of personnel required to maintain the programs3.
cases, usually localized to urban centres and The WHO and Centres for Disease Control and
neighbouring regions, but occasionally spreading and
Prevention recommends limited reliance on
causing larger epidemics. Trends in recent decades insecticidal control and emphasis on community
include: larger and more frequent outbreaks;
educational campaigns that emphasize residents’
geographic expansion of endemic transmission; responsibility in reducing vector breeding sites. This
spread of the disease from urban to peri-urban and
view is supported by prior research showing that
rural areas; an increasing proportion of severe cases
community education can be more effective in
and deaths; and progression to hyperendemicity, reducing dengue vector breeding sites than chemicals
particularly in large urban areas. Prevention is by
alone4.
reducing mosquito habitat and limiting exposure to
bites. This may be done by getting rid of or covering Record dengue outbreaks reported in Philippines
standing water and wearing clothing that covers much dengue case load for Q1 2011 was some 5% higher
of the body. The first recognized dengue epidemics than the preceding year, at 18,885 cases and 115
occurred almost simultaneously in Asia, Africa, and deaths. For 2011 until April 16, Brazil has recorded
North America in the 1780s, shortly after the some 56,882 cases with 39 deaths, Paraguay with
identification and naming of the disease in 1779. A 27,000 cases and 31 deaths. In 2012 there have been
pandemic began in Southeast Asia in the 1950s, and numerous outbreaks reported for the first time in the
by 1975 DHF had become a leading cause of death Island of Madeira, Some 52,008 cases of dengue
among children in the region. The first case of DHF fever were recorded in Thailand from Jan to Oct 16,
was reported in Manila, Philippines around 1953 2012, with 50 deaths 2013 in many countries: Brazil
through 1954. Epidemic dengue has become more (double deaths over 2012), Singapore, and Thailand
common since the 1980s. By the late 1990s, dengue (worst in 20 years).Dengue deaths have tripled in
was the most important mosquito-borne disease Malaysia until Feb 2014 over 2013, after tripling
affecting humans after malaria, with around 40 2013 over 2012. Due to Typhoon Haiyan striking the
million cases of dengue fever and several hundred Philippines early 2014, stagnant waters and heavy
thousand cases of dengue.2 rain have been on constant watch due to mosquitoes
breeding and causing epidemics around the tropical
The hemorrhagic fever usually results when someone
areas. 2015 Outbreaks in Taiwan have intensified in
who had prior infection with a particular dengue
nearly all tropical areas, with endemic extent, deaths,
serotype becomes infected with a different serotype.
and caseloads all reporting new highs, with the
The cross reaction of antibodies to the dengue
Americas reporting a whopping 2 million
antigens is thought to result in this disease. In severe
symptomatic cases. In tropical/subtropical Asia,
cases, patients may suddenly deteriorate, develop
nearly all nations had reported explosive increases.
hypothermia and go into circulatory shock, a
With one sole exception, China's caseload has
condition known as dengue shock syndrome. This
plunged to less than a tenth of the prior year due to
syndrome is associated with 40–50% fatality if
massive releases of sterilized mosquito’s.5
untreated or mistreated. When properly treated, the
case fatality can be reduced to 5% or less. Every year, Material and Methods
there are more than 100 million cases of dengue Research design adopted for the present study was
worldwide and of these, 2000–3000 cases (mostly one group pre-test and post- test design. The study
children) result in death. Treatment for dengue fever was conducted in Khalsa Senior Secondary School
entails mainly supportive therapy. Because there is no Kurali. By using convenient sampling technique 50
vaccine to protect against this disease, great emphasis students were selected from Khalsa Senior Secondary
is placed on control and preventive measures. School Kurali. Mohali Punjab. The tool were
Tropical areas such as Jamaica provide a climate that prepared on the basis of the study. Socio-
is conducive to breeding of dengue transmitting demographic profile used to measure the personal
mosquitoes. Thus, seasonal variations in temperature characteristics of 9th standard students. Structured
and rainfall correlate with the levels of dengue knowledge questionnaire developed to assess the
infections. Increased numbers of dengue cases are knowledge of students regarding the Dengue fever.
associated with elevated levels of rainfall and Structure teaching programme was develop which
temperatures. Given that dengue is a vector borne consist of theoretical portion of dengue fever,
disease, many initial attempts at curbing the disease worldwide distribution, risk factors/groups for dengue

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 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
fever, clinical features, laboratory diagnosis, The reliability (internal consistency) of the structure
hospitalization, methods of prevention and control, knowledge questionnaire computed by using split half
treatment of the dengue fever. method. The reliability of tool was 0.9.Permission
from the principal of Senior Secondary School
The blue print, tool and criteria structured knowledge
questionnaire were given to 10 expert in the field of Khalsa, Kurali taken prior to data collection. The
confidentiality to the subjects and their response
nursing. However, the tool were modified according
to the recommendations and suggestion of experts. assured and consent was obtained.

Result -
Table -1.1 shows the subject distribution according to their sample characteristics. The more than half of
subjects i.e.52% were aged i.e.13-14. years where as 48% were in age group of 15-16 years. Equivalent number
of subjects were male and females. All the subjects were from rural area, majority of subject had the previous
source of knowledge i.e. 52% from newspaper,32% subject were heard about the dengue from TV where as
other sources of knowledge were books (12%) and health personnel’s (4%).
SECTION – A Analysis of sample characteristics
Table 1.1Frequency and percentage distribution of sample characteristics.
N=50
Socio-demographic variables Frequency %
Age(in yr)
a)13-14 26 52%
b)15-16 24 48%
Gender:-
a)Male 25 50%
b)Female 25 50%
Residence:-
Rural 50 100%
Source of previous knowledge:-
Books 6 12%
Newspaper 26 52%
Health personnel’s 2 4%
TV and Other 16 32%
SECTION –B STRUCTUR TEACHING PROGRAMME REGARDING DENGUE FEVER.
SECTION.2(A)
Table 1.2; Pretest Frequency and percentage distribution of students according to their level of
knowledge regarding dengue fever:
N=50
Level Scores Frequency Percentage
Excellent Above 20 1 2%
Good 16-20 15 30%
Average 11-15 22 44%
Below average 0-10 12 24%
Maximum score=22 Minimum= 0
Table -1.2 depicts that majority of students (44%) had average knowledge score followed by 30% of students
had good knowledge score regarding dengue.24% subjects were having below average knowledge score and 2%
had excellent knowledge score. Hence it concluded that majority of students had average knowledge regarding
dengue fever.

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 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
SECTION:-2 (B)
Table 1.3; Post-test Frequency and percentage distribution of students according to their level of
knowledge regarding dengue fever:
N=50
Level Scores Frequency %
Excellent Above 20 18 36%
Good 16-20 19 38%
Average 11-15 9 18%
Below average 0-10 4 8%
Maximum score=19 Minimum= 0
Table -1.3 depicts that majority of students (38%) had good post-test knowledge score followed by 36%% of
students had excellent post-test knowledge score.18% subjects were having average knowledge post test score
and 8% of subjects had below average post-test knowledge score Hence it is concluded that majority of students
had good knowledge regarding dengue fever
Table 1.4; Mean, Median, standard deviation or mean difference of pre-test and post-test knowledge
scores.
N=50
Test Mean Median SD Mean difference
Pre-test 12.16 25.2 1.6
1.1
Post-test 17.9 25.2 2.7
Table:1.4 shows the mean pre-test and post-test knowledge score of students on dengue fever. Findings shows
the increase in knowledge of students (12.16±1.6 vs 17.9± 2.7) ).
SECTION –D
Table: 1.5; Mean, median, standard deviation, mean difference and t-value of pre-test and post-test
knowledge scores.
N=50
Test Mean SD Mean difference t-test table-value Level of significance
Pre-test 12.16 1.6 1.3 4.0 1.684 >0.05%
Post-test 17.9 2.7
Table 1.5 reveals that there is significant difference in mean pre-test and mean post-test knowledge scores of the
subjects at 0.05% level of significance.
Table No 1.6-Association of knowledge related to dengue fever with selected demographic variables:-
N=50
Sr. Level of knowledge Chi-square Table Level of
Variables d.f
No Above mean Below mean value value(p) significance
Age
1 a) 13-14 13 11 0.080 1 3.84 NS
b)15-16 14 12
Gender
2 a)Male 15 10 0.728 1 3.84 NS
b)Female 12 13
Source of information
a) Books 5 1
3 b)Newspaper 16 8 19.9 3 7.81* S
c)Health personnel’s 2 0
d)TV and Other 6 12
Table 1.6 shows that there is significant relation between the source of previous knowledge and level of
knowledge whereas with other demographical variables there is no significant association of knowledge.

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CONCLUSION [3] Chakravarti A, Arora R, Luxemburger C. Fifty
Assessment of level of knowledge before and after years of dengue in India. Maulana Azad
Structured Teaching Programme shows that there is Medical College, Bahadur Shah ZafarMarg,
increase in level of knowledge. New Delhi, Delhi, 10002, India.
REFERANCES [4] Gubler DJ. Dengue/dengue haemorrhagic fever:
[1] Saxena Prakash Ravi” Text book of community history and current status. Asia-Pacific Institute
health nursing-II”, First edition-2012, of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases,
Published by:- Lotus Publisher, Page No-312. John A. Burns School of Medicine, University
of Hawaii, USA.
[2] Park. K “Text book of preventive and social
Medicine. Edition-22, Published by:-M/s [5] Centre for disease control and prevention,
Banarsidas Bhanot (1167, PREM NAGAR, Dengue hemorrhagic fever-U.S-Mexico border
JABALPUR, 482 001[M.P.]) Page No.-224. 2005.MMWR Morb. Mortal Wkly Rep 2007.
56(31): p 785-9.

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