Exercise 12.

1
Solve the following equations (1 to 11):
1. (i) 5x-3 = 3x-5 (ii) 3x-7=
2. (i) 4(2x+ 1) = 3(x- 1) +7 (ii) 3(2p - 1) = 5-(3p- 2).
(ii)0.3(6 -x) = 0.4 (x + 8).
 Linear Equations and Inequalities in One Variable 207

4. (i) 3 6
(it)
1+7 31-2
_ y —1_ 1+ 2y 3 5
5.
3 = 55- P+40
5
6.
2 3 3t-2 7
(it)
7. (0 4(3x + 2) - 5(6x - 3 2 6
1) =
-8) - 6(7x -4)
(it)3(5X + 7) + 5(2X -
11) = 3(8x -
5) - 15
3-2x 3
8.
2X+5 11 5P+2 7
5 7 8-2p
9. 4
(ii) 5
5x
10. (0 1
2
5 31 3
2x-3 3x-1
11. 2Y+3

12. If x = p + 1, find the value of p from the equatio

1 +
-1 (5x - 30) - -(1 1
7p) =
2 3 4

13. Solve = 1. Hence find p, if — + p = 1.

3 2
 Exercise 12.2
1. Threemore than twice a number is equal to four less than the number. Find the
number.
2. Whenfour consecutiveintegers are added, the sum is 46. Find the integers.
3. Manjula thinks a number and subfracts —from it. She multiplies the result by 6. The
result now obtained is 2 less than twice the same number she thought of. What is the
number?
4. A positivenumber is 7 times another number. If 15 is added to both the numbers,
then one of the new number becomes times the other new number. What are the
numbers?
5. When three consecutive even integers are added, the sum is zero. Find the integers.
6. Find two consecutiveodd integers such that two-fifth of the smaller exceeds two-
ninth of the greater by 4.
7. The denominatorof a fractionis 1 more than twice its numerator. If the numerator
and denominator are both increased by 5, it becomes —. Find the original fraction.
8. Find two positive numbers in the ratio 2 : 5 such that their difference is 15.
9. What number should be added to each of the numbers 12, 22, 42 and 72 so that the
resultingnumbers may be in proportion?
10.Thedigitsof a two-digitnumber differ by 3. If the digits are interchanged and the
resulting number is added to the original number, we get 143. What can be the original
number?
11.Sumof the digits of a two digit number is 11. VYhen
found that the resulting new number is greater than we interchange the digits, it is
the two the original number by 63. Find
digit number.
 tanding Mathematics VIII
12. Ritu is now four times as
old as his brother Raju. In 4 years time, her age will be twice
of Raju's age, What are their present ages?
13. A father is 7 times as old as his son. Two years ago, the father was 13 times as old
his son. How old are they now? as
14. The ages of Sona and Sonali are in the ratio 5 : 3. Five years hence, the ratio of their
ages will be 10 : 7. Find their present ages.
15. An employee works in a company on a contract of 30 days on the condition thathe
will receive 200 for each day he works and he will be fined 20 for each day he is
absent. If he receives 3800 in all, for how many days did he remain absent?
16. I have a total of 300 in coins of denomination 1, 2 and 5. The number of 2
coins is 3 times the number of 5 coins. The total number of coins is 160.How many
coins of each denomination are with me?
17. A local bus is carrying 40 passengers, some with 5 tickets and the remainingwith
e 7.50 tickets. If the total receipts from these passengers is e 230, find the number of
passengers with e 5 tickets.
18. On a school picnic, a group of students agree to pay equally for the use of a full boat
and pay 10 each. If there had been 3 more students in the group, each would have
paid e2 less. How many students were there in the group?
19. Half of a herd of deer are grazing in the field and three fourths of the remainingare
playing nearby. The rest 9 are drinking water from the pond. Find the number of deer
in the herd.
20. Sakshi takes some flowers in a basket and visits three temples one by one. At each
temple, she offers one half of the flowers from the basket. If she is left with 6 flowers
at the end, find the number of flowers she had in the beginning.
21. Two supplementary angles differ by 500. Find the measure of each angle.
22. If the angles of a triangle are in the ratio 5 : 6 : 7, find the angles.
23. Two equal sides of an isosceles triangle are 3x —1 and 2x + 2 units. The third sideis
2x units. Find x and the perimeter of the triangle.
24. If each side of a triangle is increased by 4 cm, the ratio of the perimeters of the new
triangle and the given triangle is 7 : 5. Find the perimeter of the given triangle.
[Hint. Let the perimeter of given triangle be x cm. As each side is increased by 4 cm,
so the perimeter is increased by (3 x 4) cm i.e. 12 cm. According to given information,
X+12 7
.1
x 5
25. The length of a rectangle is 5 cm less than twice its breadth. If the length is decreased
by 3cm and breadth increasedby 2 cm, the perimeter of the resulting rectangleis
72 cm. Find the area of the original rectangle.
26. A rectangle is 10 cm long and 8 cm wide. When each side of the rectangle is increased
Of
by xcm, its perimeter is doubled. Find the equation in x and hence find the area
the new rectangle.
27. A steamer travels 90 km downstream in the same time as it takes to travel in 60km
still
upstream. If the speed of the stream is 5 km/h, find the speed of the steamer
water.
in 5 hours
28. A streamer goes downstream and covers the distance between two ports streamis
while it covers the same distance upstream in 6 hours. If the speed of the
two ports•
1 km/h, find the speed of the streamer in still water and the distance between
 Linear Equations and inequalities in OneVarfabÜe21S

29. Distance between two places A and B is 350 km. Two cars start simultaneously from
A and B towards each other and the distance between them after 4 hours is 62 km. If
speed of one car is 8 km/h less than the speed of other car, find the speed of each car.
30.Nine persons went to a hotel to take their dinner. Eight of them spent each for
the dinner and the ninth person spent 00 more than the averagesexpenditureof all
the nine. How much money was spent by all of them?
Hint: Let the ninth person spend <x for his dinner, then the money spent by all the
nine persons = e (60 x 8 + x).
According to given, 9
+ 40 = X.
-.3

Exercise 12.3
1. If the replacement set = {—7, —5,—3,—1,0, 1, 3), find the solution set of :
(it) X < —2 (iil) x > 2
(iv) —5< x 5 (vi) 0 x 4.
2. Represent the solution of the following inequalities graphically :
(ii)x < 5, x e w (iii)-3 x < 3, x e 1.
3. If the replacement set is {—6, —4,—2,0, 2, 4, 6), then represent the solution set ofthe
inequality —4 x < 4 graphically.
4. Find the solution set of the inequality x < 4 if the replacement set is
(i) {1, 2, 3, ..., 10} (iii) {-5, 10}
5. If the replacement set = {—6,
—3,0, 3, 6, 9, 12},find the truth set of the following:
(iii) -3 < 1 -
6. Solve the following inequations :
(i) < 17,x e N (ii) 4x+1 17,x e w
(iii) 3x- 11,x e N (iv) - 17 9x - 8, x e Z.
7. Solve the followinginequations :
(ii)
5 3

(iii) —p+ 5 < 9, p e W

8. Solve the followinginequations :
x 5 —3x, x e W
3 x
(iii) - 2) < x W (iv)
2 2
9. If the replacement set is {—3,—2,—1,0, 1, 2, 3), solve the inequation < 2. Also
2
represent its solution on the number line.
10.Solve — + — < — + —, x e W. Also represent its solution on the number line.
11.Solvethe following inequationsand graph their solutions on a number line .
x
(i) —4 < 14, x N
Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)
1. A man covers a distance of 24 km in 3—hours partly on foot at the speed of 4.5 km/h
and partly on bicycleat the speed of 10 km/h. Find the distance covered on foot.
2. A person preparing a medicine wants to convert 15%alcohol solution into 32% alcohol
solution. Find how much pure alcohol he should mix in 400 mL of 15% alcohol solution
to obtain required solution?
3. Rahul covers a distance from P to Q on bicycle at 10 km/h and returns back at 9
Anuj covers the distance from P to Q and Q to P both at 12 km/h. On calculation we
find that Anuj took 10 minutes less than Rahul. Find the distance between P and Q.
4. Solve:
a
 Check Your Progress
1. Solvethe following equations:
2 x 3x x -2
3
(ii)
2
(iii) 5x - 3(4x - 3) = - 5x) + 10
3

(iv)
3 2x-3 2x+1 2x + 5 5x
4 (v) (vi)
5x-4 - 5X+20 2
 •22 iCSE UnderstandingMathéinådes

2. The sum of three consecutive multiples of 11is 363. Find these multiples.
3. Sum of two numbers is 95. If one exceeds the other by 15,find the numbers.
4. One-half of a number is equal to one-third of its succeedingnumber. Find the first
number.
5. The numerator of a rational number is 8 less than its denominator. If the numeratoris
increased by 2 and denominator is decreased by 1, the number obtained is i. Findthe
number.
6. The present ages of Rohit and Mayank are in the ratio 11 : 8. 8 years later the sumof
their ages will be 54 years. What are their present ages?
7. A father's age is 3 times the sum of ages of his two sons. Five years later he willbe
twice the sum of ages of his ovo sons. Find the present age of the father.
8. The digits of a two digit number differ by 7. If the digits are interchangedand the
resulting number is added to the originalnumber we get 121.Find the orignal
number.
9. The ten's digit of a two digit number exceedsits unit's digit by 5. When digitsare
reversed, the new number added to the original number becomes 99. Find the original
number.
10. Sonia went to a bank with 2,00,000.She asked the cashier to give her 500and
2000 currency notes in return. She got 250 currency notes in all. Find the numberof
each kind of currency notes.
11. Ajay covers a distance of 240 km in 4— hours. Some part of the journey was covered
at the speed of 45 km/h and the remainingat 60 km/h. Find the distance coveredby
him at the rate of 60 km/h.
12. If x e {even integers), represent the solution set of the inequation —5 x < 5 on a
number line.
13. Solve the following inequality and graph its solution on a number line :
1