Fourth Quarter

This section aims to:

G 1) 1. Differentiate communicable and non-communicable diseases.
O 2) 2. Tell what people can do to lessen their chances of getting a non-communicable
A disease.
L
S 3) 3. Practice good health habits and lifestyle in order to prevent from getting a non-
communicable disease.
1.

Pre test

Choose the best answer by encircling its letter.

1. Non-communicable disease.
a. pneumonia c. measles
b. AIDS d. lung cancer
2. Each of the following is a lifestyle disease except one.
a. heart disease c. cancer
b. allergies d. alcoholism
3. Each of the following is a condition that affects the heart except one.
a. cancer c. high blood pressure
b. atherosclerosis d. faulty valve
4. Which of the following parts of a diet helps keep the heart healthy?
a. high fat c. low salt
b. high cholesterol d. low fiber
5. Which of the following is often used to treat high blood pressure?
a. weight loss and diet c. weight loss and smoking
b. surgery d. diet and surgery
6. Which of the following types of tumors is cancerous?
a. benign c. neither
b. malignant d. both a and b
7. The disease that results in the rapid and uncontrolled growth of cells.
a. atherosclerosis c. arthritis
b. diabetes d. cancer
8. The deadliest cancer.
a. lung cancer c. skin cancer
b. breast cancer d. colon cancer
9. Each of the following is a treatment for rheumatoid arthritis except one.
a. exercise c. medicine
b. radiation d. surgery
10. The type of arthritis in which the joints wear down.
a. rheumatoid arthritis c. neither
c. osteoarthritis d. both

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11. It is a disease that prevents the body from converting food into energy.
a. diabetes c. arthritis
b. asthma d. allergy
12. It is a lung disease caused by inflammation or swelling that leads to wheezing, shortness of breath,
chest tightness, and coughing.
a. diabetes c. arthritis
b. asthma d. allergy
13. Each of the following is a way that a non-communicable disease develops.
a. being passed from person to person
b. being present at birth
c. as a result of habits
d. from hazards around us
14. It begins when normal cells suddenly start to grow in an unusual way Instead of dividing slowly as
normal cells do, the cells divide rapidly
a. Cancer c. Diabetes
b. Asthma d. Arthritis
15. Sometimes, the symptoms of this cancer disappear for a short time and then return later.
a. Leukemia c. Breast Cancer
b. Lung Cancer d. Skin Cancer

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 Engage yourself

Make an acrostic poem about diseases.

D- _________________________________________

I- __________________________________________

S-__________________________________________

E-__________________________________________

A-__________________________________________

S-__________________________________________

E-__________________________________________

S-__________________________________________

Let’s dig deeper

Not all disease can be prevented, but many can be with proper treatment and healthy habits. Even
people with serious disease can survive and thrive.
People can acquire or get infected with a disease in two ways. Some illnesses can be passed on from
one person to another, this is called communicable diseases. One way to stop the spread of these diseases is
to fight the germs that cause them.
Other diseases are caused by how people live, by the conditions they are born with, or by the hazards
around them. These are called non-communicable diseases. To prevent and control many of them, people
must try to change how they live or reduce the hazards around them. Examples of these diseases are heart
disease, cancer, diabetes, and arthritis.
Most non-communicable diseases are present over a long time, often years. Illnesses that last a long
time are called chronic diseases. Examples of this are heart disease, which take a long time to develop and
diabetes, which cannot be cured. Non-communicable diseases result in the breakdown of the body's tissues.
They are called degenerative diseases.
Causes
1. The person is born with the disease.
A baby may be born with a non-communicable disease for one of two reasons. The baby may have a
disease or condition in which the body does not function normally because of a problem with his/her genes.
This is called genetic disorder. The other cause of non-communicable diseases in bodies is birth defects.
There are disorders of the developing and newborn baby. Birth defects may be caused by unhealthy habits of
the mother to-be.
2. A person develops a disease because of the way he/she lives.
Disease that is caused by our health habit is called lifestyle disease. Heart disease and cancer are two
lifestyle diseases. Others are health problems caused by using tobacco, alcohol, or drugs.

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The following are five good health habits in order to reduce the risk of getting a lifestyle disease.

✔ Eat a balanced diet. Choose food from each of the food groups. Be sure your diet is high in fiber and low
in fat and salt.
✔ Exercise regularly. Regular, rigorous exercise strengthens the heart and helps it to do its job better.
✔ Maintain your ideal weight. Keep your weight normal at the level for your height and body frame.
✔ Manage stress. Learn to deal with stress in your daily life and get plenty of rest.
✔ Avoid using tobacco, alcohol, and drugs. These substances are harmful to the body.

3. The person develops a disease because of a hazard around him/her. Some diseases can have causes other
than lifestyle. These are diseases caused by hazards around us, like breathing in chemicals that may cause
cancer, also hazards such as toxic waste materials from industries. You may not be able to control the air you
breathe in or the water you drink. However, you can be aware of hazards around you. You can be active with
other citizens in doing everything possible to keep your environment clean and safe.

Keep this in Mind

• People can acquire or get infected with a disease in two ways. Some illnesses can be passed on from
one person to another, this is called communicable diseases.
• Other diseases are caused by how people live, by the conditions they are born with, or by the hazards
around them. These are called non-communicable diseases.
• The person is born with the disease.
• A person develops a disease because of the way he/she lives.
• The person develops a disease because of a hazard around him/her.
• The following are five good health habits in order to reduce the risk of getting a lifestyle disease.
1. Eat a balanced diet. Choose food from each of the food groups. Be sure your diet is high in
fiber and low in fat and salt.
2. Exercise regularly. Regular, rigorous exercise strengthens the heart and helps it to do its job
better.
3. Maintain your ideal weight. Keep your weight normal at the level for your height and body
frame.
4. Manage stress. Learn to deal with stress in your daily life and get plenty of rest.
5. Avoid using tobacco, alcohol, and drugs. These substances are harmful to the body.

Think about this

Complete the following sentences.

1. I learned that non-communicable diseases are ____________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________
2. Non-communicable disease can be avoided through
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. In order for me to healthy, I will _________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

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 Extend your understanding

List down some good habits that you want to practice in order to prevent non-communicable disease.

1. _____________________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________________________________

7. _____________________________________________________________________________

8. _____________________________________________________________________________

9. _____________________________________________________________________________

10. _____________________________________________________________________________

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 :

This section aims to:

G 1. 1. Identify common non-communicable diseases.
O
A 2. 2. Explain the cause and prevention of asthma and allergy.
L 3. 3. Accept that these diseases can be prevented if there is practice of good health
S habits.

Engage yourself

Below are pictures of people experiencing non-communicable diseases such as asthma and allergy,
can you identify them?

Let’s dig deeper

Allergy
Allergy is a severe reaction or sensitivity by the immune system to a particular environmental
substance, heredity, and exposure to substance that causes reaction. Many people with the most allergic
disorders have an inherited tendency to develop this hypersensitivity.
One of the most common forms of allergic reaction is high fever, which is also known as allergic rhinitis.
People with allergic rhinitis generally experience Symptoms after breathing in an allergy-causing substance
such as pollen or dust.
SYMPTOMS
Common symptoms are the following.
1. Stuffy nose due to blockage or congestion
2. Itching usually in the nose, mouth, eyes, throat, or skin
3. Puffy, swollen eyelids
4. Sneezing
5. Coughing

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TRIGGERS
Symptoms may also be triggered by common irritations such as the following.
1. Cigarette smoke
2. Strong odors, such as perfume, hair spray, and fumes
3. Cosmetics
4. Laundry detergents
5. Cleaning solutions and other pollutants
PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES
Follow your allergist's instructions.
1. Alcohol and tranquilizers increase the sedation of side effects of antihistamines
2. Do not use more than one antihistamine at a time, unless prescribed
3. Keep these medications out of children's reach.
Asthma
Asthma is a lung disease caused by inflammation or swelling that leads to wheezing, shortness of
breath, chest tightness, and coughing. Although asthma cannot be cured, it can be controlled with medications
and patients can live an active and normal lifestyle even having this.
CAUSES
The exact reason why people get asthma is not fully known. A family history the environment seems to
play a role for most, but not all people.
In sensitive people, breathing in allergy-causing substances, called allergens or triggers, can start
asthma symptoms. Allergens include dust mites, cockroach allergen, and molds or pollens. Respiratory
infections, exercise, cold air, stress, food sulfites, tobacco smoke, and other air pollutants can also trigger
asthma symptoms.
TREATMENT
Asthma treatment is aimed at controlling airway inflammation and by avoiding allergy triggers. The main
goals are to restore normal breathing. prevent asthma attacks, and restore daily activities.
Daily asthma treatment helps prevent symptoms, and asthma inhalers are the preferred method
because the drug is delivered directly into the lungs in smaller doses with less side effects. Some asthma
medicines are taken in the form of a pill or through the use of an injection.

Keep this in Mind

• Allergy is a severe reaction or sensitivity by the immune system to a particular environmental
substance, heredity, and exposure to substance that causes reaction.

• SYMPTOMS
Common symptoms are the following.
1. Stuffy nose due to blockage or congestion
2. Itching usually in the nose, mouth, eyes, throat, or skin
3. Puffy, swollen eyelids
4. Sneezing
5. Coughing
• Asthma is a lung disease caused by inflammation or swelling that leads to wheezing, shortness of
breath, chest tightness, and coughing.

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• The exact reason why people get asthma is not fully known. A family history the environment seems to
play a role for most, but not all people.
• In sensitive people, breathing in allergy-causing substances, called allergens or triggers, can start
asthma symptoms. Allergens include dust mites, cockroach allergen, and molds or pollens. Respiratory
infections, exercise, cold air, stress, food sulfites, tobacco smoke, and other air pollutants can also
trigger asthma symptoms.

Think about this

The following are question that can be asked to vote concerning allergy and asthma. If you agree,
draw a star ( )in the blank and crossmark ( ) if you do not.
_____ 1. Do you think exercise is good for the people who are asthmatic?

_____ 2. Tobacco smoke can trigger allergy.

_____ 3. How many think that there is no cure for asthma?

_____ 4. Can you have allergy for overeating?

_____ 5. Do you think you should be around people with asthma?

Extend your understanding

The following are unfinished sentences that can initiate discussion.

1. Allergy is caused by _____________________________________________.

2. People with asthma should _______________________________________.

3. If a friend has asthma, I __________________________________________.

4. A good diet ___________________________________________________.

5. Smoking is ___________________________________________________.

6. I go to the doctor when __________________________________________.

7. Preventing allergy is through ______________________________________.

8. If I have a friend with allergy, I _____________________________________.

9. Someone who is not feeling well should _____________________________.

10. Allergy is _____________________________________________________.

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 :

This section aims to:

G
O 1. Define the term diabetes and arthritis, and tell what it does to the body
A 2. Point out the different causes and symptoms of these diseases.
L 3. Realize that practicing good health habits can prevent these diseases.
S

Engage yourself

Below are words related to our lesson, tell something about those words and what comes in to your mind
when you heard or read about diabetes and arthritis?

Let’s dig deeper

Diabetes

Diabetes is a disease that prevents the body from converting food into energy. It is a chronic non-
infectious disease caused by the failure of certain cells in the pancreas to secrete enough of the hormone
called insulin. Without insulin, body cannot burn glucose (a type of sugar) efficiently. Unused sugar builds up in
the bloodstream and is excreted in the urine. For this reason, diabetes can be easily detected by a simple test
that measures the amount of sugar.

SYMPTOMS

The following are the symptoms that show an individual has diabetes.

1. Excess production of urine

2. Excess thirst
3. Excess hunger
4. Weight loss
5. Shortness of breath
6. Dry, itchy skin
7. Lack of energy

Arthritis

Arthritis is the inflammation of the joints caused by either the wearing a way of cartilage in the joints or
possibly by a virus that causes the body's immune system to attack its own tissues. Many people think that only
older people suffer from this disease. However, arthritis can affect people of any age

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Most common arthritis

⮚ Rheumatoid Arthritis

In this condition, the joints become swollen and painful, and the cartilage that separates the bones is
destroyed. The joints often become deformed and stiff and no longer function normally. The joints involved
are most often in the hands, feet, elbows, knees, hips, and spine.

The cause of rheumatoid arthritis is not known. It may follow infections or injury. Whatever the cause,
it is a severely disabling and painful disease. The inflammation of a joint caused by rheumatoid arthritis can
cause the Lindon to shorten and the muscles to become weak.

Treatment

There is no cure for this disease, however, treatment is focused in relieving pain and preserving or improving
joint function. Rest is very important as a means of reducing stress on the affected joint.

1. Aspirin is the most common medicine for treating all forms of arthritis.
2. The best possible posture is encouraged to keep good positioning of the body.
3. Hot bath or heating pads help reduce swelling and pain.
4. Daily exercise helps prevent further stiffness.
5. Foods that are rich in protein and calcium can help prevent further loss of bone tissue.

⮚ Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is the result of the wearing away of the joints. It affects the joints of the hip and knee
most often. These are the joints that bear much of the body's weight. The disease begins when the
cartilage at the end of the joint wears away.

Symptoms

1. Pain and stiffness in the morning

2. Pain or swelling in a joint
3. Pair and stiffness in the lower back or knees

Treatment

To treat osteoarthritis, doctors prescribe ibuprofen and aspirin to ease the pain. They give special
exercises to prevent the damage from worsening when the disease has damaged the joint too severely, doctors
may operate to replace it with a mechanical joint.

Arthritis can affect people of all ages. Athletes may get this disease if a joint has been injured many times.
Watching for these signs and consulting a doctor if they occur can help the affected person stay healthy.

Keep this in Mind

• Diabetes is a disease that prevents the body from converting food into energy.
• Without insulin, body cannot burn glucose (a type of sugar) efficiently.
• SYMPTOMS
• The following are the symptoms that show an individual has diabetes.

1. Excess production of urine

2. Excess thirst
3. Excess hunger
4. Weight loss
5. Shortness of breath
6. Dry, itchy skin
7. Lack of energy

• Arthritis is the inflammation of the joints caused by either the wearing a way of cartilage in the joints or
possibly by a virus that causes the body's immune system to attack its own tissues.

10 || Health 7
 • In this condition, the joints become swollen and painful, and the cartilage that separates the bones is
destroyed.
• Osteoarthritis is the result of the wearing away of the joints. It affects the joints of the hip and knee most
often.
• Symptoms

1. Pain and stiffness in the morning

2. Pain or swelling in a joint
3. Pain and stiffness in the lower back or knees

Think about this

Choose the best answer by encircling its letter.

1. Non-communicable disease.
a. pneumonia c. measles
b. AIDS d. allergy
2. Each of the following is a lifestyle disease except one.
a. diabetes c. arthritis
b. allergies d. alcoholism
3. Each of the following is a way that a non-communicable disease develops.
a. being passed from person to person
b. being present at birth
c. as a result of habits
d. from hazards around us
4. Each of the following is a treatment for rheumatoid arthritis except one.
a. exercise c. medicine
b. radiation d. surgery
5. Type of arthritis in which the joints were down.
a. rheumatoid arthritis c. both a and b
b. osteoarthritis d. none of the above

Extend your understanding

Arrange the letters to get the right term and then tell something about it.

1. IDABESET - _________________,
____________________________________________________________

2. MAAHTS - ___________________,
____________________________________________________________

3. LLAERGY - __________________,
____________________________________________________________

4. SITIRHTAR - _________________,
____________________________________________________________

5. MUNOMCIBALECNON SEADISE - ___________________________,

____________________________________________________________

11 || Health 7
 This section aims to:
G
O 1. Identify and explain what a cardiovascular disease is.
A 2. Give examples or types of cardiovascular diseases.
L 3. Make a plan of cation in order to prevent cardiovascular diseases.
S

Engage yourself

Below are pictures related to our lesson about cardiovascular diseases, can you identify if the pictures were
healthy or unhealthy?

Let’s dig deeper

Cardiovascular disease is a disease of the heart and blood vessels. This involves many terms
you may have heard: high blood pressure, heart attack, and stroke. These are the diseases that people much
older than you suffer from. Today, many people with cardiovascular diseases can extend their lives by seeking
medical treatment early and by changing their lifestyle.

TYPES:

1. High Blood Pressure

Each time the heart beats, it forces blood through the arteries. The force with which blood pushes against the
artery wall is blood pressure. High blood pressure-or hypertension-is a disease in which the blood pressure is
consistently higher than normal. High blood pressure weakens arteries and can cause a heart attack, stroke, or
damage to the kidneys.

12 || Health 7
2. Heart Attack

The heart muscle requires a continuous supply of oxygen to function properly. The coronary arteries supply
blood, which provides this oxygen. A heart attack occurs when an area of the heart muscle dies. Coronary
arteries can be blocked by atherosclerosis, a blood clot, a spasm in the muscles of the artery, or a combination
of these occurrences.

3. Stroke

Brain cells also need a continuous supply of oxygen from the oxygen- rich blood carried by the arteries. Without
oxygen, brain cells begin to die within 3 minutes. A stroke occurs when the blood supply into or within the brain
is severely reduced or cut off. A stroke victim loses consciousness, control of many body parts, and may be
paralyzed.

Preventive Measures

Some of the factors caused by cardiovascular disease are birth defects. die. Diseases such as rheumatic
fever that weakens the heart, and inherited tendencies for blood pressure and atherosclerosis. Environmental
factors such as stress, diet and smoking also increase the risk of contracting a cardiovascular disease. You
cannot control your heredity, but you can control some environmental factors. The earlier in life the following
steps are taken, the greater the chance of success in preventing cardiovascular disease.

1. Keep your blood pressure low. An individual with a chronic systolic blood pressure greater than 150 has
twice the risk of heart attack and four times the risk of stroke than another person with a systolic blood
pressure less than 120. To avoid high blood pressure, you should maintain a trim body and cut down on
the amount of salt in your diet.

2. Do not smoke. A-pack-a-day smoker has twice the risk of heart attack and five times the risk of stroke
than a non-smoker.
3. Avoid fatty and high-cholesterol foods. Many experts believe that a diet with many fatty substances,
including cholesterol, 1s a major factor in causing atherosclerosis. If you usually have a high-cholesterol
diet, you can reduce the amount of animal fat in your diet by substituting fish and poultry for beef, pork,
and lamb.
4. Keep a trim body. If you are 20 percent or more overweight, you are taking unnecessary risk for
cardiovascular disease. Overweight increases the risk of heart attack, stroke, atherosclerosis, and
hypertension. If you need to lose weight, now is the time to get started. Choose a diet that includes
enough of the essential nutrients. Reduce the number calories in your diet but do not try to lose weight
too fast. A weight loss of one pound per week is safe.
5. Exercise regularly. Exercising regularly improves cardiovascular fitness. Oxygen and nutrients are
delivered to various parts of the body more efficiently and the heart does not have to work so hard.
Walking briskly, bicycling. hiking, dancing, swimming, and running are all activities that will improve
cardiovascular fitness.
6. Avoid unnecessary stress. Blood pressure tends to increase as a result of stress. To avoid stress, it is
important to avoid situations that make you nervous. Since this is not always possible, you can help
relieve tension by taking the time to relax. Exercise and participation in hobbies and other activities are
also good ways to relieve tension.

13 || Health 7
 Keep this in Mind
• Cardiovascular disease is a disease of the heart and blood vessels.
• High blood pressure-or hypertension-is a disease in which the blood pressure is consistently higher
than normal.
• A heart attack occurs when an area of the heart muscle dies.
• A stroke victim loses consciousness, control of many body parts, and may be paralyzed.
• Preventive Measures
❖ Keep your blood pressure low.
❖ Do not smoke.
❖ Avoid fatty and high-cholesterol foods.
❖ Keep a trim body.
❖ Exercise regularly.
❖ Avoid unnecessary stress.

Think about this

Write true if the statement is true, write false if the statement is false.
1. A stroke occurs when the blood supply into or within the brain is severely reduced or cut off.
2. Blood pressure tends to increase as a result of stress.
3. High blood pressure-or hypertension-is a disease in which the blood pressure is consistently higher than
normal.
4. A stress occurs when an area of the heart muscle dies.
5. A-pack-a-day smoker has twice the risk of heart attack and five times the risk of stroke than a non-
smoker.
6. Exercising regularly improves cardiovascular fitness.
7. Stroke weakens arteries and can cause a heart attack, stroke, or damage to the kidneys.
8. Avoid fatty and high-cholesterol foods.
9. A heart attack occurs when the blood supply into or within the brain is severely reduced or cut off.
10. Underweight increases the risk of heart attack, stroke, atherosclerosis, and hypertension.

Extend your understanding

Answer the following questions.

1. Why would stroke be more likely occur on older adults rather than younger ones?
2. It is known that cigarette smoking is a direct cause of heart disease. Why do you think people
continue to smoke even though they are aware of its dangers to health?

14 || Health 7
 G This section aims to:
O 1. Identify what causes of cancer.
A
L 2. Enumerate types of cancer.
S 3. Be aware of the nine warning signs of cancer.

Engage yourself

Below are some jumbled words which are related to the types of cancer, can you arrange them
and explain each type of cancer?

AGCRLNECU RBCRANCEASTE

SETNNEITINCAERC
NCRESIACKN

USCNARCERETU LIKUEMAE

Let’s dig deeper

Cancer is any disease characterized by body cells that grows abnormally and tend to spread throughout
the body. Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality in the country.

Cancer begins when normal cells suddenly start to grow in an unusual way Instead of dividing slowly as
normal cells do, the cells divide rapidly. Normal cells usually divide to replace worn-out cells. The normal cells
stop dividing when the worn-out cells are replaced. But cancerous cells do not stop dividing. They continue to
grow-eventually forming a large mass of useless cells. The cancer cells also steal nourishment needed to support
essential growth and repair of the body tissues.

A mass of unnecessary cells is called tumor. Not all tumors are cancerous. A benign or non-cancerous
tumor may cause damage to the surrounding tissue. But the cells of the benign tumor do not spread to parts of
the body. A malignant or cancerous tumor can spread in two ways: by local extension and by metastasis. Local
extension means that as cancer cells multiply, they grow over a larger and larger area. Metastasis means that
cancer cells are carried by the circulatory and lymph systems to other parts of the body. When metastasis occurs,
tumor may appear at many places in the body. When cancer spreads through the body in this way, it is almost
impossible to control.

TYPES:

1. Skin Cancer
Skin cancer is the most commonly reported cancer. Certain types of skin cancer are usually
preventable by avoiding overexposure to the sun. The recovery rate of most skin cancer is quite high. It
is estimated that 95 percent of all cases could be cured if sores that did not heal are reported promptly
to a physician.

2. Lung Cancer

15 || Health 7
 Lung cancer has become the number one cause of cancer deaths in male. The death rate from lung
cancer among men has increased more than 25 times in the last 45 years. As cigarette smoking become
more popular among women, lung cancer death rate has also increased among them. Most lung cancer
can be prevented if people will stop smoking. There is no obvious symptom in the early stages of lung
cancer. After the disease has become established, a person may have a persistent cough, hoarseness,
or chest pain. He/she may cough up blood as the disease progresses.

3. Breast Cancer
The breasts are the leading sites of cancer among women. The risk is greatest for women who
never have children. There is also a high risk for women whose mothers or sisters have had breast
cancer. Remember, the earlier breast cancer is detected, the greater the chance of cure.

4. Cancer of the Uterus.

The uterus, or womb, is also a major site of cancer among women. Cancer of the uterus could be
dramatically reduced if every woman had a pap test or pap smear as part of an annual checkup. A pap
test/smear involves the pain less removal of few cells from the cervix, or tip, of the uterus. An examination
of the cells under a microscope shows if any cancerous cells are present. Any unusual discharge in the
genital area might also be an indication of cancer and should be reported to a physician.

5. Cancers of the Intestine and Rectum

Persistent indigestion, a charge in bowel habits, or bleeding from the rectum can be warning signals
of this kind of cancer. If any of these symptoms persists, a physician should be consulted. Eating foods
that provide roughage, such as fruits and leafy vegetables, helps prevent this type of cancer.

6. Leukemia
Leukemia is a disease of the tissues that produce blood. In leukemia, useless, abnormal white
blood cells are produced in large quantities. The abnormal white blood cells are not able to fight infection
as normal white blood cells do. Also, as the disease progresses, the tissues that manufacture red blood
cells may be destroyed. An early symptom of leukemia is repeated infection with symptoms of fever,
chills, fatigue, and sore throat. Bleeding even from small wounds may be difficult to control. Leukemia
cannot be cured, though suffering can Sometimes be reduced. Sometimes, the symptoms of leukemia
disappear for a short time and then return later.

WARNING SIGNS

Seek medical advice if you think you find one of these nine signs of Cancer in yourself. Advise others to
observe the appearance of any of the signs as follows:

1. Unusual bleeding or discharge

2. A lump or thickening in the breast or elsewhere
3. A sore throat that does not heal
4. Change in bowel or bladder habits
5. Hoarseness or cough
6. Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing
7. Change in size or color of wart or mole
8. Continuous loss of weight
9. Paleness

PREVENTION AND TREATMENT

The basic cause of cancer is still unknown. Several conditions are known promote cancer growth, however,
avoiding these conditions will help prevent cancer

1. Mechanical irritation - such as from hot pipe stems, cigars on the lips, or tight-fitting clothing on a wart or
mole can promote cancer.
2. Chemical irritation - such as from tars of cigarette smoke, certain dyes, or other substances can promote
cancer
3. Radiation damage - such as from long-term overexposure to the sun or to rays from Xray machines or
other radiation-emitting devices can promote cancer

16 || Health 7
 Many cancers can be cured especially if its signs and symptoms are noticed early enough. To cure cancer,
all cancer cells must be removed by surgery. Radiation is used to treat some cancers. Some drugs are also
useful in the treatment of certain type of cancer. Remember that most cancers are curable in the early stages.
Early detection and treatment are essential.

Keep this in Mind

• Cancer is any disease characterized by body cells that grows abnormally and tend to spread
throughout the body.
• Cancer begins when normal cells suddenly start to grow in an unusual way Instead of dividing slowly as
normal cells do, the cells divide rapidly.
• When metastasis occurs, tumor may appear at many places in the body. When cancer spreads through
the body in this way, it is almost impossible to control.
• Skin cancer is the most commonly reported cancer. Certain types of skin cancer are usually
preventable by avoiding overexposure to the sun.
• Lung cancer has become the number one cause of cancer deaths in male.
• Remember, the earlier breast cancer is detected, the greater the chance of cure.
• Cancer of the uterus could be dramatically reduced if every woman had a pap test or pap smear as
part of an annual checkup.
• Persistent indigestion, a charge in bowel habits, or bleeding from the rectum can be warning signals of
this kind of cancer.
• Leukemia is a disease of the tissues that produce blood.

• Mechanical irritation - such as from hot pipe stems, cigars on the lips, or tight-fitting clothing on a wart
or mole can promote cancer.
• Chemical irritation - such as from tars of cigarette smoke, certain dyes, or other substances can promote
cancer
• Radiation damage - such as from long-term overexposure to the sun or to rays from Xray machines or
other radiation-emitting devices can promote cancer.

Think about this

Tell something about the following types of cancer, and explain how to prevent on having
such diseases?

1. Skin Cancer
2. Lung Cancer
3. Breast Cancer
4. Cancer of the Uterus
5. Cancers of the Intestine and Rectum
6. Leukemia

17 || Health 7
 Extend your understanding

Answer the following question.

1. What do you think is the most important preventive measure against cancer?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

2. Why it is important to know the nine signs of cancer?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

Final Task

As a Colegian, make a poem about what you have learned on the fourth quarter lesson. Make
it meaningful and presentable. Your output will be graded by the following criteria.

Content……. ………20%

Message/thought…. 20%

Creativity…………….20%

Originality……………30%

Overall……………….10%

Total………………….100%

18 || Health 7
 Post test

Choose the best answer by encircling its letter.

1. A non-communicable disease.
c. pneumonia c. measles
d. AIDS d. lung cancer
2. The deadliest cancer.
a. lung cancer c. skin cancer
b. breast cancer d. colon cancer
3. Each of the following is a condition that affects the heart except one.
a. cancer c. high blood pressure
b. atherosclerosis d. faulty valve
4. Which of the following parts of a diet helps keep the heart healthy?
a. high fat c. low salt
b. high cholesterol d. low fiber
5. Which of the following is often used to treat high blood pressure?
a. weight loss and diet c. weight loss and smoking
b. surgery d. diet and surgery
6. Each of the following is a lifestyle disease except one.
a. heart disease c. cancer
b. allergies d. alcoholism
7. The disease that results in the rapid and uncontrolled growth of cells.
c. atherosclerosis c. arthritis
d. diabetes d. cancer
8. Which of the following types of tumors is cancerous?
a. benign c. neither
b. malignant d. both a and b
9. Each of the following is a treatment for rheumatoid arthritis except one.
c. exercise c. medicine
d. radiation d. surgery
10. The type of arthritis in which the joints wear down.
b. rheumatoid arthritis c. neither
c. osteoarthritis d. both

11. It is a disease that prevents the body from converting food into energy.
a. diabetes c. arthritis
b. asthma d. allergy
12. Sometimes, the symptoms of this cancer disappear for a short time and then return later.
a. Leukemia c. Breast Cancer
b. Lung Cancer d. Skin Cancer

13. Each of the following is a way that a non-communicable disease develops.

a. being passed from person to person
b. being present at birth
c. as a result of habits
d. from hazards around us
14. It begins when normal cells suddenly start to grow in an unusual way Instead of dividing slowly as
normal cells do, the cells divide rapidly
a. Cancer c. Diabetes
b. Asthma d. Arthritis
15. It is a lung disease caused by inflammation or swelling that leads to wheezing, shortness of breath,
chest tightness, and coughing.
a. diabetes c. arthritis
b. asthma d. allergy

19 || Health 7
 References

• https://www.bing.com/images/search?q=skin+cancer&form=HDRSC2&first=1&tsc=ImageBasicHover
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-communicable_disease#:~:text=A%20non-
communicable%20disease%20%28NCD%29%20is%20a%20disease%20that,and%20others.%20NCD
s%20may%20be%20chronic%20or%20acute.
• https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/noncommunicable-diseases
• https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=bk1%2FPyx9&id=6BC891C28709E3163889
75F769E170C6AC607343&thid=OIP.bk1_Pyx9gXU6L_teTNBTfAHaKu&mediaurl=https%3A%2F%2Fptop.only.wip.la%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fcl
assroomclipart.com%2Fimages%2Fgallery%2FClipart%2FValentines_Day%2Fboy-holding-a-
heart.jpg&exph=700&expw=483&q=cardiovascular+disease+symptoms+cartoon&simid=60800460292
3467381&form=IRPRST&ck=7F0F418D66744743438B0ECCB069A0C9&selectedindex=7&ajaxhist=0
&ajaxserp=0&pivotparams=insightsToken%3Dccid_7vw9x0Se*cp_D6FB635780613A46EE2801A06E1
9AC3B*mid_268C33A271D473113E0767AFD5A58F127376C6CF*simid_608056030861685125*thid_
OIP.7vw9x0SeCsdgFxkMX5GQAgHaJ4&vt=0&sim=11&iss=VSI&ajaxhist=0&ajaxserp=0
• https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=7vw9x0Se&id=268C33A271D473113E0767
AFD5A58F127376C6CF&thid=OIP.7vw9x0SeCsdgFxkMX5GQAgHaJ4&mediaurl=https%3a%2f%2fptop.only.wip.la%3a443%2fhttps%2fth.
bing.com%2fth%2fid%2fR.eefc3dc7449e0ac76017190c5f919002%3frik%3dz8Z2cxKPpdWvZw%26riu
%3dhttp%253a%252f%252fres.cloudinary.com%252fcrossedi-innovations-
llc%252fimage%252fupload%252fv1452535394%252fAdobeStock_68703782_lq6p1p.jpg%26ehk%3d
KGy6wMiYPZ3uPi43wR0%252bD9xr66NfmNHAEYdyRh8IUaE%253d%26risl%3d%26pid%3dImgRaw
%26r%3d0&exph=4724&expw=3543&q=cardiovascular+disease+symptoms+cartoon&simid=60805603
0861685125&FORM=IRPRST&ck=D6FB635780613A46EE2801A06E19AC3B&selectedIndex=12&ajax
hist=0&ajaxserp=0
• https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=7vw9x0Se&id=268C33A271D473113E0767
AFD5A58F127376C6CF&thid=OIP.7vw9x0SeCsdgFxkMX5GQAgHaJ4&mediaurl=https%3a%2f%2fptop.only.wip.la%3a443%2fhttps%2fth.
bing.com%2fth%2fid%2fR.eefc3dc7449e0ac76017190c5f919002%3frik%3dz8Z2cxKPpdWvZw%26riu
%3dhttp%253a%252f%252fres.cloudinary.com%252fcrossedi-innovations-
llc%252fimage%252fupload%252fv1452535394%252fAdobeStock_68703782_lq6p1p.jpg%26ehk%3d
KGy6wMiYPZ3uPi43wR0%252bD9xr66NfmNHAEYdyRh8IUaE%253d%26risl%3d%26pid%3dImgRaw
%26r%3d0&exph=4724&expw=3543&q=cardiovascular+disease+symptoms+cartoon&simid=60805603
0861685125&FORM=IRPRST&ck=D6FB635780613A46EE2801A06E19AC3B&selectedIndex=12&ajax
hist=0&ajaxserp=0
• https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=%2bpk%2fqeH%2b&id=8D95FD18236D127
F4DAF2F12743F8C3382596088&thid=OIP.-pk_qeH-
r9UBgDaCr4j3pAHaHa&mediaurl=https%3a%2f%2fptop.only.wip.la%3a443%2fhttps%2fstatic.vecteezy.com%2fsystem%2fresources%2fpr
eviews%2f000%2f656%2f963%2foriginal%2fvector-man-have-early-symptoms-of-heart-
attack.jpg&exph=4167&expw=4167&q=cardiovascular+disease+symptoms+cartoon&simid=608018776
314878570&FORM=IRPRST&ck=B6DDDDAE933E7976FA0363321DE5CE27&selectedIndex=3&ajaxh
ist=0&ajaxserp=0
• https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=7KG14o8r&id=4EB8F3B325DB550D8F905
EB0B27C196E5D28F44A&thid=OIP.7KG14o8r4JxE5jsP-
VxHeAHaEQ&mediaurl=https%3a%2f%2fptop.only.wip.la%3a443%2fhttps%2fwww.pesau.net.au%2fwp-
content%2fuploads%2f2021%2f06%2fdiabetes-awareness-
e1623642840580.jpg&exph=1104&expw=1920&q=Diabetes&simid=608008485574871906&FORM=IR
PRST&ck=FC47D59D24A961B0FD7239B9F6DCF29F&selectedIndex=20&ajaxhist=0&ajaxserp=0
• https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=OJTgVIHm&id=EE003F60BC8DC68E8D14
292ADF9E6911D25537D8&thid=OIP.OJTgVIHmcNcXK8lsyg58egHaHa&mediaurl=https%3a%2f%2fptop.only.wip.la%3a443%2fhttps%2fd2
gg9evh47fn9z.cloudfront.net%2fthumb_COLOURBOX8451456.jpg&exph=320&expw=320&q=arthritis+
word+artistry&simid=608018192207077449&FORM=IRPRST&ck=38D5297569B839844F18EAB7995A
7D46&selectedIndex=5&ajaxhist=0&ajaxserp=0

20 || Health 7