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Theory of Trans

Theory of Trans-formationalism: This theory views globalization as a process that transforms the spatial organization of social relations and transactions through increased interconnectedness across the world politically, economically, and culturally. It argues this interconnectedness has transformed politics along these dimensions through the emergence of a new system of political globalization defined as the shifting reach of political power, authority, and forms of rule based on new transnational, multi-layered organizational interests.

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69 views

Theory of Trans

Theory of Trans-formationalism: This theory views globalization as a process that transforms the spatial organization of social relations and transactions through increased interconnectedness across the world politically, economically, and culturally. It argues this interconnectedness has transformed politics along these dimensions through the emergence of a new system of political globalization defined as the shifting reach of political power, authority, and forms of rule based on new transnational, multi-layered organizational interests.

Uploaded by

Ronmarx11
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Theory of Trans-formationalism:

This theory has been expounded by David Held and his colleagues. Accord-
ingly, the term ‘globalisation’ reflects increased interconnectedness in political,
economic and cultural matters across the world creating a “shared social
space”. Given this interconnectedness, globalisation may be defined as “a
process (or set of processes) which embodies a transformation in the spatial
organisation of social relations and transactions, expressed in transcontinental
or interregional flows and networks of activity, interaction and power.”

They imply that the “politics of globalisation” have been “transformed” (using
their word from the definition of globalisation) along all of these dimensions
because of the emergence of a new system of “political globalisation.” They
define “political globalisation” as the “shifting reach of political power, authority
and forms of rule” based on new organisational interests which are
“transnational” and “multi-layered.”

Theory of Eclecticism:
Accordingly, capitalists attempt to amass ever-greater resources in excess of
their survival needs: accumulation of surplus. The capitalist economy is
thoroughly monetised. Money facilitates accumulation. It offers abundant
opportunities to transfer surplus, especially from the weak to the powerful.
This mode of production involves perpetual and pervasive contests over the
distribution of surplus. Such competition occurs both between individual, firms,
etc. and along structural lines of class, gender, race etc.

Their contests can be overt or latent. Surplus accumulation has had transpired
in one way or another for many centuries, but capitalism is a comparatively
recent phenomenon. It has turned into a structural power, and is accepted as
a ‘natural’ circumstance, with no alternative mode of production. It has spurred
globalisation in four ways: market expansion, accounting practices, asset
mobility and enlarged arenas of commodification. Its technological innovation
appears in communication, transport and data processing as well as in global
organisation and management. It concentrates profits at points of low taxation.
Information, communication, finance and consumer sectors offer vast
potentials to capital making it ‘hyper-capitalism’.
Theory of Political Realism:
Advocates of this theory are interested in questions of state power, the pursuit
of national interest, and conflict between states. According to them states are
inherently acquisitive and self-serving, and heading for inevitable competition
of power. Some of the scholars stand for a balance of power, where any
attempt by one state to achieve world dominance is countered by collective
resistance from other states.

Theory of Liberalism:
Liberalism sees the process of globalisation as market-led extension of
modernisation. At the most elementary level, it is a result of ‘natural’ human
desires for economic welfare and political liberty. As such, transplanetary
connectivity is derived from human drives to maximise material well-being and
to exercise basic freedoms. These forces eventually interlink humanity across
the planet.

They fructify in the form of:


(a) Technological advances, particularly in the areas of transport,
communications and information processing, and,

(b) Suitable legal and institutional arrangement to enable markets and liberal
democracy to spread on a trans world scale.

Such explanations come mostly from Business Studies, Economics,


International Political Economy, Law and Politics. Liberalists stress the
necessity of constructing institutional infrastructure to support globalisation. All
this has led to technical standardisation, administrative harmonisation, trans-
lation arrangement between languages, laws of contract, and guarantees of
property rights.

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