EKME#3049715V3A

(CT-043-EQ-EG-001-E )

Welding Specification

Welding Specification
 Published under the Authority of:
Integrated Technical Services Directorate
Fisheries and Oceans Canada
Canadian Coast Guard
Ottawa, Ontario
K1A 0E6
CT-043-eq-eg-001-E
Welding Specification EKME#3049715v3A
Disponible en français :Norme de soudage des métaux ferreux
FIRST EDITION – - MARCH 2014

Document Control
Record of Amendments

# Date Description Initials

1 April 2014 approved by DG.
2 January 2016 Corrections made to some of the references herein, to section 5 CG

Approvals
Office of Primary Interest (OPI)
Tracey Clarke Approved:
2014-APRIL-10
Date:
Manager, Engineering and
Anne Marie
Maintenance Hull/ Mechanical/ Approved:
Sekerka 2014-APRIL-10
Electrical
Date:
Director,
Gary Ivany Approved:
Marine Engineering Services (ITS) 2014-APRIL-10
Date:
Director General,
Michel Cecire Approved:
Integrated Technical Services 2014-APRIL-11
Date:
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Contents
FOREWORD ............................................................................................................................................................ IV
SECTION 1 SCOPE.................................................................................................................................................. 1
SECTION 2 DEFINITIONS & ABBREVIATIONS ....................................................................................................... 2
SECTION 3 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS.................................................................................................................. 3
SECTION 4 ADMINISTRATION ............................................................................................................................... 4
SECTION 5 WELDING STRUCTURES...................................................................................................................... 5
5.1 CONTRACTOR REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................................................... 5
5.1.1 Steel Structures .................................................................................................................................... 5
5.1.2 Aluminum Structures .......................................................................................................................... 5
5.1.3 Welding Procedures ............................................................................................................................ 5
5.1.4 Welding Personnel .............................................................................................................................. 5
5.1.5 Performance and Qualification Testing ............................................................................................... 5
5.1.6 Limitations Prior to Commencing Welding Work .............................................................................. 5
5.1.7 Governing Standards for Welding ....................................................................................................... 5
5.2 WELD DESIGN ............................................................................................................................................. 5
5.3 SYMBOLS FOR WELDING ............................................................................................................................. 6
5.4 WELDING CONSUMABLES ........................................................................................................................... 6
5.4.1 Steel ..................................................................................................................................................... 6
5.4.1.1 Electrode and Consumable Selection ............................................................................................................ 6
5.4.1.2 Storage and Handling ................................................................................................................................... 6
5.4.1.3 Low or Controlled Hydrogen Electrode Requirements ................................................................................. 7
5.4.1.4 Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) ........................................................................................................... 7
5.4.1.5 Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) .................................................................................................................... 8
5.4.1.6 Flux Cored and Metal Cored Arc Welding (FCAW & MCAW) .................................................................... 8
5.4.1.7 Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) ................................................................................................................. 9
5.4.1.8 Electrodes for Higher Strength Notch Tough Steels ..................................................................................... 9
5.4.1.9 Electrodes for Atmospheric Corrosion Resistant Steels .............................................................................. 10
5.4.1.10 Shell Butts & Seams – Ice Transiting Steel Ships........................................................................................ 10
5.4.2 Aluminum ......................................................................................................................................... 10
5.4.2.1 Electrode and Consumable Selection .......................................................................................................... 10
5.4.2.2 Storage and Handling ................................................................................................................................. 11
5.5 WORKMANSHIP ......................................................................................................................................... 11
5.5.1 Environment ...................................................................................................................................... 11
5.5.2 Preheat and Interpass Temperatures .................................................................................................. 11
5.5.3 Plate Forming .................................................................................................................................... 11
5.5.3.1 Personnel .................................................................................................................................................... 11
5.5.3.2 Materials ..................................................................................................................................................... 11
5.5.3.3 Procedures .................................................................................................................................................. 11
5.5.3.4 Controls ...................................................................................................................................................... 12
5.5.4 Weld Size and Dimensions................................................................................................................ 12
5.5.5 Adjacent Weld Spacing ..................................................................................................................... 12
5.5.6 Inserts and Doublers .......................................................................................................................... 12
5.5.7 Edge Preparation and Fitted Tolerances ............................................................................................ 12
5.5.8 Intercostals ........................................................................................................................................ 12
5.5.9 Dissimilar Plate Thickness ................................................................................................................ 13
5.5.10 Flush Tolerance ................................................................................................................................. 13
5.5.11 Smooth Tolerance ............................................................................................................................. 13
5.5.12 Preparation of Welds for the Application of Coatings or Paints ....................................................... 14
5.5.13 Distortion and Residual Stress .......................................................................................................... 14
5.5.13.1 Submission of Welding Sequence ................................................................................................................ 14

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5.5.13.2 Restrained Joints ........................................................................................................................................ 14

5.5.13.3 Jigs and Fixtures......................................................................................................................................... 14
5.5.13.4 Progression................................................................................................................................................. 14
5.5.13.5 Intersections and Release Distance ............................................................................................................ 15
5.5.14 Repair of Distortion ........................................................................................................................... 15
5.5.15 Temporary Welds and Lug Removal ................................................................................................. 16
5.5.15.1 Temporary Welds ........................................................................................................................................ 16
5.5.15.2 Lug and Temporary Attachments ................................................................................................................ 16
5.5.15.3 Removal of Temporary Welds, Lugs and Attachments ................................................................................ 16
5.5.16 Arc Strikes ......................................................................................................................................... 16
5.6 WELD INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................................... 16
5.6.1 Monthly Facility Audits..................................................................................................................... 16
5.6.2 Non Destructive Inspection Audits .................................................................................................... 17
5.6.3 Selection of Non Destructive Inspection Methods ............................................................................ 17
5.6.4 Locations Subjected to Inspection ..................................................................................................... 17
5.6.5 Extent of Inspections ......................................................................................................................... 17
5.6.5.1 Visual Inspection ........................................................................................................................................ 17
5.6.5.2 NDE Methods – New Construction ............................................................................................................. 17
5.6.5.3 NDE Methods - Other ................................................................................................................................. 18
5.6.6 Surface Preparation Prior to Inspection ............................................................................................. 18
5.6.7 Delayed Inspection ............................................................................................................................ 18
5.6.8 Inspection Personnel Qualifications and Certificates ........................................................................ 18
5.6.8.1 Visual Inspection ........................................................................................................................................ 18
5.6.8.2 Other Inspection Methods ........................................................................................................................... 19
5.6.8.3 Certificates.................................................................................................................................................. 19
5.6.9 Steel Structures .................................................................................................................................. 19
5.6.9.1 Inspection Procedures ................................................................................................................................ 19
5.6.9.2 Acceptance Criterion .................................................................................................................................. 19
5.6.9.3 Radiographic Inspection ............................................................................................................................. 19
5.6.10 Aluminum Structures ......................................................................................................................... 20
5.6.10.1 Inspection Procedures ................................................................................................................................ 20
5.6.10.2 Acceptance Criterion .................................................................................................................................. 20
5.6.10.3 Radiographic Inspection ............................................................................................................................. 20
5.6.11 Double Loaded Film Requirement .................................................................................................... 21
5.6.12 Radiographic Film Viewer ................................................................................................................ 21
5.6.13 Inspection Reports ............................................................................................................................. 21
5.6.13.1 Visual Inspection ........................................................................................................................................ 21
5.6.13.2 Radiographic Inspection ............................................................................................................................. 21
5.6.13.3 Inspection Arrangement Drawings ............................................................................................................. 22
5.6.14 Overlapping Inspection...................................................................................................................... 22
5.6.15 Rejected Weld or Part ........................................................................................................................ 22
SECTION 6 WELDING STRUCTURAL STAINLESS STEEL ..................................................................................... 23
6.1 SCOPE ........................................................................................................................................................ 23
6.2 DESIGN AND DRAWINGS ............................................................................................................................ 23
6.3 CERTIFICATION.......................................................................................................................................... 23
6.4 WELDING ELECTRODES AND CONSUMABLES ............................................................................................ 23
6.5 WORKMANSHIP ......................................................................................................................................... 23
6.6 INSPECTION ............................................................................................................................................... 23
6.6.1 Personnel ........................................................................................................................................... 24
6.6.2 Inspections ......................................................................................................................................... 24
6.6.3 Acceptance Criterion ......................................................................................................................... 24
SECTION 7 OTHER STRUCTURAL MATERIALS ................................................................................................... 25
7.1 SCOPE ........................................................................................................................................................ 25
7.2 DESIGN AND DRAWINGS ............................................................................................................................ 25

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7.3 CERTIFICATION ......................................................................................................................................... 25

7.4 WELDING ELECTRODES AND CONSUMABLES ............................................................................................ 25
7.5 WORKMANSHIP ......................................................................................................................................... 25
7.6 INSPECTION ............................................................................................................................................... 25
7.6.1 Personnel ........................................................................................................................................... 25
7.6.2 Inspections......................................................................................................................................... 26
7.6.3 Acceptance Criterion ......................................................................................................................... 26
SECTION 8 PRESSURE PIPE WELDING ................................................................................................................ 27
8.1 SCOPE ....................................................................................................................................................... 27
8.2 DESIGN AND DRAWINGS ........................................................................................................................... 27
8.3 WELDING ELECTRODES AND CONSUMABLES ............................................................................................ 27
8.4 PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS ................................................................................................................... 27
8.5 QUALIFICATION OF WELD PROCEDURES................................................................................................... 27
8.6 WORKMANSHIP ......................................................................................................................................... 27
8.7 INSPECTION ............................................................................................................................................... 27
8.7.1 Personnel ........................................................................................................................................... 27
8.7.2 Inspections......................................................................................................................................... 28
8.7.3 Acceptance Criterion ......................................................................................................................... 28
ANNEX A REFERENCED CODES, PUBLICATIONS AND STANDARDS............................................................... A-1
A.1 LIST OF CODES, PUBLICATIONS AND STANDARDS .................................................................................. A-1
ANNEX B TESTS FOR RATING CORROSION RESISTANCE OF CARBON STEEL WELD METALS IN SEA WATER 2
B.1 SCOPE...................................................................................................................................................... B-2
B.2 TEST ASSEMBLY ................................................................................................................................ B-2
B.3 ANODIC DISSOLUTION TESTING .................................................................................................... B-3
B.4 REPORTING TEST RESULTS ............................................................................................................. B-4
ANNEX C FORMING & THERMAL REQUIREMENTS - ALUMINUM ................................................................. C-1
C.1 HOT FORMING ......................................................................................................................................... C-1
C.2 COLD FORMING ....................................................................................................................................... C-1
List of Tables
Table 5.1 Selection of Low or Controlled Hydrogen Electrodes ........................................................................ 7
Table 5.2 Selection of Welding Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding ..................................................... 7
Table 5.3 Selection of Wire Electrodes and Flux for Submerged Arc Welding .................................................. 8
Table 5.4 Selection of Wire Electrodes for Flux Cored and Metal Cored Arc Welding ..................................... 8
Table 5.6 Locations Subjected to Inspection ..................................................................................................... 17
Table 5.7 Quantity of Inspections – New Construction .................................................................................... 17
Table 5.9 Thickness vs. Maximum Kilovoltage ................................................................................................ 20
Table C1 Maximum Heat Exposure Time at Temperature Preparatory to Forming Aluminum Alloys ......... C-1
List of Figures
Figure 5.1 Temper Bead Approach for Finishing Layers in Shell Plating .......................................................... 10
Figure 5.2 Intercostals ........................................................................................................................................ 13
Figure 5.3 Sloping Weld ..................................................................................................................................... 13
Figure 5.4 Chamfering ........................................................................................................................................ 13
Figure 5.5 Staggered Butt Weld ......................................................................................................................... 15
Figure 5.6 Aligned Butt Weld ............................................................................................................................ 15
Figure B1 Anodic Dissolution Test Plate Assembly ........................................................................................ B-2
Figure B2 Bead Sequence ................................................................................................................................ B-3
Figure B3 Anodic Dissolution Test Specimen ................................................................................................. B-3
Figure B4 Anodic Dissolution Test System ..................................................................................................... B-3

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Foreword
This Specification has been prepared by Marine Engineering, Integrated Technical Services (ITS),
Canadian Coast Guard, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Ottawa.
The purpose of this Specification is stated in Chapter 1.0, Scope.
When, this Specification is used other than as stated in the Scope, it shall remain the responsibility
of the user to judge its suitability for their particular purpose.

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Scope

Section 1 SCOPE
This Specification establishes the requirements of Marine Engineering, Integrated Technical
Services, Canadian Coast Guard, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Ottawa.
This Specification shall be followed whenever required by contract.
This Specification details the requirements for welding and non-destructive inspection of welds for
structural steel, aluminum and stainless steel and the wide variety of other materials used for
installation of pressure piping, pressure vessels and pressure containment systems and, shipboard
equipment.
This Specification is intended as an Owner's requirement. In addition to this Specification, the
Contractor shall meet all regulations and rules required by Transport Canada Marine Safety and
Security and, the governing Classification Society as applicable.
When the above mentioned rules exceed the requirements specified herein, the more stringent
requirement shall take precedence.

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Definitions & Abbreviations

Section 2 DEFINITIONS & ABBREVIATIONS

The following definitions and abbreviations apply in this Specification:
Approved (approval) means reviewed and accepted by the Delegated Representative of
the Director, Marine Engineering, unless otherwise specified.
Contractor means the company to which a contract has been awarded by the
Owner.
CWB means the Canadian Welding Bureau.
Delegated Representative means the individual that has been assigned the authority to
represent the Director, Marine Engineering regarding matters
related to the requirements of this Specification, as applied to a
specific contract.
Engineer (in the referenced means the Delegated Representative.
standards)
Examination, Inspection, the act of looking at something closely, by either destructive or
Testing non-destructive methods, in order to learn more about it, to determine
acceptance or rejection to a defined criterion, to locate problems.
Owner means, in the context of this Specification as applied to a given
contract, Marine Engineering, Integrated Technical Services
(ITS), Canadian Coast Guard, Fisheries and Oceans Canada,
Ottawa.
Pressure Piping means any piping used to convey a fluid at a pressure above
atmospheric pressure, unless otherwise stated.
Provincial Pressure Vessel means the organizations legislated by the Provinces of Canada to
Authority provide oversight for welding pressure piping, pressure vessels
and pressure containment systems.
Structure (s) or Structural means primary hull structure and secondary structure.
Structure, Primary Hull means that part of the vessel hull structure which makes up the
primary hull girder, including structure to resist ice loadings. It
consists of strength decks, platforms and shell plating and their
supporting framing, tank top, vertical keel, longitudinal and main
transverse bulkheads. In addition to the primary hull girder,
water, oil and gas tight bulkheads shall be considered part of the
primary hull structure.
Structure, Secondary means all of the vessel structure which is not included in the
definition for primary hull structure.
Sub-Contractor means the company to which a contract has been awarded by the
Contractor.

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Applicable Documents

Section 3 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

The Contractor or Sub-Contractor performing welding or inspection of welds shall be familiar with
the applicable Codes, Standards, Rules and Publications referred to within this Specification (See
Annex “A”).
Use of the above-mentioned references shall be the latest edition approved by the organization
issuing the publication specified at the time of contract award.
Except as noted in Chapter 1, when the requirements of other publications are in conflict with the
requirements specified herein, the Delegated Representative shall be requested to establish
precedence.

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Administration

Section 4 ADMINISTRATION
This Specification shall be administered by the Director, Marine Engineering, Integrated Technical
Services, Canadian Coast Guard, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Ottawa.
For the purpose of administration, the Director, Marine Engineering shall delegate representatives
that shall be responsible for measuring the Contractor's performance and ability to meet the
requirements specified herein.
The Contractor shall allow the Delegated Representatives access to the facilities, files and records
relative to the requirements of this Specification for the duration of the contract and warranty
period.
The documentation that is to be made available to the Delegated Representatives shall include, but
not necessarily be limited to, personnel qualification records, welding specifications and weld
procedure data sheets, certification records, visual and non-destructive inspection results, quality
control and quality assurance manuals and reports, and other associated documents.

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Welding Structures

Section 5 WELDING STRUCTURES

5.1 CONTRACTOR REQUIREMENTS
5.1.1 Steel Structures
All welding contractors shall be certified by the CWB to CSA Standard W47.1 Division 1 or 2 for
new construction and work packages other than new construction.

5.1.2 Aluminum Structures

All welding contractors shall be certified by the CWB to CSA Standard W47.2 Division 1 or 2 for
new construction and work packages other than new construction.

5.1.3 Welding Procedures

All welding procedure specifications and/or welding procedure data sheets shall be reviewed and
approved by the CWB prior to use.

5.1.4 Welding Personnel

All welding personnel shall be approved by the CWB prior to their commencing any welding work

5.1.5 Performance and Qualification Testing

All performance and procedure qualification testing shall be fully witnessed and documented by
the CWB.

5.1.6 Limitations Prior to Commencing Welding Work

All Contractors shall submit their welding personnel qualification records and approved welding
procedures to the Delegated Representative prior to commencing any welding work.
All welding procedures, including welding procedure specifications and welding procedure data
sheets, shall include an indication of acceptance by the Contractor (by signature, seal or other
appropriate means) and a stamp of acceptance by the CWB.

5.1.7 Governing Standards for Welding

For structural steels > 3 mm in thickness, welding shall meet the requirements of CSA Standards
W47.1 and W59, except as modified by this Specification.
For structural aluminum > 3 mm in thickness, welding shall meet the requirements of CSA
Standards W47.2 and W59.2, except as modified by this Specification.

5.2 WELD DESIGN

Weld design shall be to the Rules of a Classification Society that is an approved Recognized
Organization by Transport Canada Marine Safety and Security. Unless otherwise approved by the
Delegated Representative, the following conditions shall be met:
• all groove welds in butt joints shall be full penetration; and,
• all corner joints shall be full penetration groove welds combined with single continuous fillet
weld

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A weld design schedule shall be submitted to the Delegated Representative in drawing form for
review prior to commencing any welding work.

5.3 SYMBOLS FOR WELDING

Design drawings shall include weld requirement symbols and construction drawings shall include
welding symbols following the requirements of CSA Standards W59 and W59.2. For fillet welds,
the drawings shall indicate if the weld dimension shown in the symbol is throat size or leg length.

5.4 WELDING CONSUMABLES

This Section provides contractors means to quickly finding the information required to match
welding consumables to the various grades of steel and aluminum materials used for shipbuilding
and repair. For steel, cross reference is made between CSA welding consumable and shipbuilding
material designations.
This Section also guides the contractor in the selection of corrosion resistant welding consumables
for ships built of atmospheric corrosion resistant steels and for welds located in the external shell
envelope of ice transiting ships. For welding processes other than those listed herein, consult the
governing standards referenced in Chapter 5.1, Section 5.1.7 of this specification.

5.4.1 Steel
5.4.1.1 Electrode and Consumable Selection
Electrodes and consumables for welding processes shall be selected on the basis of retained
hydrogen, mechanical properties (UTS, YS, elongation and toughness) and resistance to corrosion
in sea water.
Generally, the requirements of Tables 5.1- 5.5 inclusive shall apply involving use of steels having
a yield stress below 360 MPa (N/mm²) and charpy-v-notch toughness requirements at test
temperatures above -45°C.
For other materials or conditions, welding electrodes and consumables shall be selected in
accordance with the requirements of the following Sections of this Specification:
• Section 5.4.1.8 for higher strength notch tough steels;
• Section 5.4.1.9 for atmospheric corrosion resistant steels;
• Section 5.4.1.10 for Shell Butts & Seams – Ice Transiting Steel Ships
Welding electrodes and consumables for welding steel shall be certified by the CWB to the
requirements of CSA Standard W48 or the applicable AWS A5 series of standards.
When two different grades of material of the same tensile strength properties are being joined by
welding and corrosion resistance is not a consideration, electrodes and consumables for the lower
grade is generally acceptable. Similarly, when joining materials with differing tensile strength
properties, electrodes and consumables are to be suitable for the tensile strength of the component
on which the weld size (e.g. fillet weld) has been determined.
Care shall be taken not to overmatch weld metal mechanical properties.

5.4.1.2 Storage and Handling

Storage and handling of welding consumables, electrodes and fluxes shall be in accordance with
the requirements of CSA Standard W59.

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5.4.1.3 Low or Controlled Hydrogen Electrode Requirements

In addition to other factors that must be considered for matching weld metal deposits to various
grades of base materials, welding processes and their respective welding electrodes and
consumables produce varying amounts of hydrogen gas which may be retained in the deposited
weld metal.
Although the amount of retained hydrogen may be reduced by increasing preheat temperatures, low
and controlled hydrogen electrodes and consumables shall be required in accordance with Table 5.1.
Table 5.1 Selection of Low or Controlled Hydrogen Electrodes
Mandatory Use of Low & Controlled Hydrogen Electrodes Other thanLow Hydrogen Electrodes (1)
Material Grade Material Thickness Material Grade Material Thickness
Gr. A (t) ≥ 19 mm Gr. A (t) ≤ 19 mm
Gr. E
Gr. AH 32, 34 36 All Thicknesses
Gr. DH 32, 34, 36
Gr. EH 32, 34,36
Gr. FH 32, 36,40
Gr. FH 42 - 69
Where (t) is the thickest member Where (t) is the thickest member
Note: (1) Independent of the material grade specified, when the carbon equivalent (CE) of the material
exceeds 0.40 where the carbon equivalent is calculated from the ladle analysis as follows:
CE = Mn + Cr + Mo + V + Ni + Cu
6 5 15
Basic or controlled hydrogen electrodes are required.
When the grades of base metals requiring low or controlled hydrogen electrodes and consumables
are produced using thermo-mechanical controlled rolling practice, the Contractor may apply to the
Delegated Representative for exemption from mandatory requirements listed in Table 5.1.
Exemption will only be granted after due consideration of susceptibility to hydrogen assisted or
induced cold cracking.

5.4.1.4 Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)

Welding electrodes for shielded metal arc welding normal and higher strength shipbuilding grade
steels shall be selected following the requirements of Table 5.2.
Table 5.2 Selection of Welding Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding
Material Grade CSA W48 Electrode
Grade A E4300, 10, 11, 13, 27 (2)
E4914, 24 (2)
E4918, 28,48 (1)
Grade E E4918-1 (1)
Grades AH32, 34, 36 E4918, 28, 48 (1)
DH32, 34, 36
Grades EH32, 34, 36 E4918-1 (1)
Grades EH40
FH-XX See Section
XX-40-69 5.4.1.8 herein

NOTE: (1) As required in Table 5.1; (2) Restricted use as detailed in Table 5.1

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5.4.1.5 Submerged Arc Welding (SAW)

Wire electrode-flux combinations for submerged arc welding normal and higher strength
shipbuilding grade steels shall be selected following the requirements of Table 5.3.
Table 5.3 Selection of Wire Electrodes and Flux for Submerged Arc Welding
Base Material CSA W48
Grade Flux (1) Electrodes
Grade A F43A1-XXXX XXXX-EL12
F49A1-XXXX XXXX-EM12K
Grades E F49A4-XXXX XXXX-EM12K
F49A5-XXXX XXXX-EM13K
Grades AH32, 34, 36 F49A1-XXXX XXXX-EM12K
DH32, 34, 36 F49A2-XXXX XXXX-EM13K
Grades EH32, 34, 36 F49A4-XXXX XXXX-EM12K
F49A5-XXXX XXXX-EM13K
Grades EH40
See Section
FH-XX See Section 5.4.1.8 herein.
5.4.1.8 herein.
XX-40-69
Note: (1) Neutral flux only for shell plate groove welds.
5.4.1.6 Flux Cored and Metal Cored Arc Welding (FCAW & MCAW)
Wire electrodes for flux cored arc welding and metal cored arc welding normal and higher strength
shipbuilding grade steels shall be selected following the requirements of Table 5.4. Shielding gas
type shall be in accordance with approved weld procedure data sheets for the wire electrode selected.
Table 5.4 Selection of Wire Electrodes for Flux Cored and Metal Cored Arc Welding
Base Materials Wire Electrode
Grade CSA W48
E49X T -1 (M) E490X T -G (1)
See Note #2 -5 (M) See Note #2 GS (1)
Grade A -6 (M) -4 (1)
-8 -7 (1)
-9 (M) -10 (1)
-12 (M) -11(1)
E49X -3 (M) E49X
See Note #2 C -6 (M) See Note #2 C -G (1)
Grades E49X T -1 (M) E49X T -8
AH 32, 36 See Note #3 -5 (M) See Note #3 -9 (M)
DH 32, 36 -6 -12 (M)
E49X E49X
-3 (M)
See Note #3 C See Note #3 C -G1
-6 (M)
Grades E49X-T-X(X)-J, E49X-C-X(X)-J See Notes #3 & 4
E E49X-T-X(X)-J, E49X-C-X(X)-J See Notes #3 & 4
EH 32, 36 E55X-T-X(X)-J, E55X-C-X(X)-J See Notes #3 & 4
EH40 No pre-approved consumables. See Section 5.3.2.8 herein. Qualification
FH-XX Tests are required using the shielding gas type planned for production.
XX-40-69
1. Submit for approval;
2. H16 designation for the thicknesses required by Table 5.1
3. H16 designation for all thicknesses.
4. Must carry “J” designation, average impact energy of 27 j @ -40

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5.4.1.7 Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW)

Wire electrodes for gas metal arc welding normal and higher strength shipbuilding grade steels
shall be selected following the requirements of Table 5.5. Shielding gas type shall be in
accordance with the approved weld procedure data sheets for the wire electrode selected.
Table 5.5 Selection of Wire Electrodes for Gas Metal Arc Welding
Base Materials Wire Electrodes
Marine Grade CSA W48:06 CAN/ISO 14341:06
Grade A
t < 19 mm…… ISO 14341-B-G-49A-X-X-XX
ISO 14341-B-G-49A-2-X-XX
t > 19 mm……
ISO 14341-B-G-49A-3-X-XX
Grade E ISO 14341-B-G-49A-4-X-XX
ISO 14341-B-G-49A-5-X-XX
ISO 14341-B-G-49A-6-X-XX
Grades
AH 32, 36 & DH 32, 36 ISO 14341-B-G-49A-2-X-XX
ISO 14341-B-G-49A-3-X-XX
ISO 14341-B-G-49A-4-X-XX
EH 32, 36
ISO 14341-B-G-49A-5-X-XX
ISO 14341-B-G-49A-6-X-XX
ISO 14341-B-G-55A-4-X-XX
ISO 14341-B-G-55A-5-X-XX
ISO 14341-B-G-55A-6-X-XX
Grades : EH40 No pre-approved consumables. Section 5.4.1.8 herein. Qualification
FH-XX Tests are required using the shielding gas type planned for production
XX-40-69

Wire electrodes approved by the yield strength and average impact values of 47 J, the “A” suffix
method, shall be submitted to the Delegated Representative for review and acceptance. Weld
procedure qualification testing is required.
5.4.1.8 Electrodes for Higher Strength Notch Tough Steels
Welding electrodes and consumables for joining normal and high strength shipbuilding grade
steels that have been manufactured using the thermo-mechanical controlled rolling practice
method shall be approved by a series of weld procedure qualification tests.
Welding electrodes and consumables for joining shipbuilding steel grades FH-XX and XX-40
through XX-69 inclusive shall also be approved by a series of weld procedure qualification tests.
As a minimum, welding electrodes and consumables shall match the base metal strength (UTS, YS
and elongation) and notch toughness properties at the base metal test temperature.
To qualify welding electrodes and consumables, a series of weld procedure qualification tests shall
be performed in each position of welding using joint configurations typical of that intended for
production. For each of the test conditions, two welds shall be made; one test each at the
minimum and maximum anticipated heat inputs (kj/mm) planned for production welding.
Assemblages, type of tests and specimens shall be in accordance with CSA Standard W47.1. Each
procedure qualification test shall be supplemented with 15 charpy-v-notch specimens; 5 specimens
with the "v" notch located at the centre of the joint, 5 specimens with the "v" notch intersecting the
line of fusion and 5 specimens with the "v" notch located 5 mm from the fusion line (HAZ). Charpy-v-
notch specimens shall be tested in accordance with the requirements of CSA Standard W47.1 at test
temperatures equivalent to that of the base metal classification (ie. E & EH @ -40°C, FH @ -60°C, etc).

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The minimum acceptance requirements for each test method shall be those requirements of the test
specification under which the base metal was qualified.
5.4.1.9 Electrodes for Atmospheric Corrosion Resistant Steels
Welding electrodes and consumables for joining atmospheric corrosion resistant steels such as CSA
Standard G40.21 grades 350A, 350AT, 400A and 400AT including ASTM grades A242 and A588
steels shall be carefully selected to match the copper and nickel content of the base plate and the
ultimate and yield strength, elongation and toughness properties. Close attention shall be paid to
matching all of the chemical elements that prevent corrosion in sea water.
Butts and seams in the shell, weather decks and all welds in uncoated ballast tanks shall be performed
with welding electrodes and consumables that are proven to be resistant to weld zone (weld deposit and
HAZ) corrosion in accordance with the requirements of Section 5.4.1.10 herein. These requirements
also apply to weld repair of scars in shell plating caused by removal of temporary attachments and
permanent markings made by welding. There are no pre-approved corrosion resistant weld metal
deposits for welding atmospheric corrosion resistant steels. For welds in other locations of primary and
secondary structure, electrodes and consumables may be selected and matched in accordance with the
requirements of CSA Standard W59.
5.4.1.10 Shell Butts & Seams – Ice Transiting Steel Ships
The finishing layers of shell butts and seams located on the sea water side of ice-transiting ships shall
be performed with welding electrodes and consumables that are proven to be resistant to weld zone
(weld deposit and HAZ) corrosion in accordance with the requirements of this Section.
For shielded metal arc welding, E5518-C3 is approved for use without testing. There are no other pre-
approved corrosion resistant consumables for any welding process.
Once the Contractor has matched a welding electrode and consumable to the minimum base plate
mechanical property requirements of this Specification; coupons shall be prepared, welded and tested
for corrosion resistance in sea water by conducting anodic dissolution tests as outlined in Annex “B” of
this Specification. Two weld coupons shall be made for each weld metal/base metal combination; one
test each at the anticipated minimum and maximum heat inputs (kj/mm) planned for production
welding. Welding bead sequence for these tests must employ a stringer temper bead technique as
illustrated in Annex B of this Specification. No weaving is permitted.
The target acceptance criterion sought is near equivalent loss of the base plate, heat affected zone and
weld metal deposit. Since this may not always be accomplished for all grades of base metal, slight loss
of weld metal is desired over any loss in the heat affected zone. Anodic dissolution test results shall be
tabulated and submitted to the Delegated Representative for approval.
For finishing layers of welds located on the external shell plating of ice transiting ships, a temper bead
approach shall be employed similar to what is illustrated in Figure 5.1.

Figure 5.1 Temper Bead Approach for Finishing Layers in Shell Plating
The first layer of corrosion resistance weld metal shall be deposited 5 mm below the plate surface.
5.4.2 Aluminum
5.4.2.1 Electrode and Consumable Selection
Welding electrodes, rods and consumables shall be matched to the base metal in accordance with
the requirements of CSA Standard W59.2. All welding electrodes, rods and consumables shall be
certified by the CWB to the requirements of AWS A5.10.

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5.4.2.2 Storage and Handling

Storage and handling of welding electrodes, rods and consumables shall be in accordance with the
requirements of CSA Standard W59.2.

5.5 WORKMANSHIP
5.5.1 Environment
The work being welded shall be adequately protected against the direct effects of wind, rain and
snow throughout the welding operation.
Welding steel at ambient temperatures below -18°C requires approval in accordance with CSA
Standard W59. Aluminum welding shall not be carried out when the work surfaces are damp or
wet or at ambient temperatures below 0°C.
Welding with processes that utilize externally supplied shielding gas shall not be performed in a
draught or wind unless the weld zone is protected from loss of shielding gas as required by CSA
Standards W59 and W59.2 for steel and aluminum, respectively.
5.5.2 Preheat and Interpass Temperatures
Preheating and interpass temperatures for welding steel and aluminum shall follow the
requirements of CSA Standards W59 and W59.2, respectively.

5.5.3 Plate Forming

Heat line bending by the application of oxy-fuel gas torches for creating curvatures in steel plates
is permitted for certain shipbuilding grade steels, providing the requirements of this Section are met.
Heat line bending of aluminum requires special consideration and approval. Annex “C” of this
Specification offers guidance notes on hot and cold forming practices for aluminum.
5.5.3.1 Personnel
Personnel performing heat line bending shall be trained and qualified prior to forming plates for
production or repair of distortion. A list of qualified personnel shall be submitted to the Delegated
Representative prior to any heat line bending operations.
5.5.3.2 Materials
Heat line bending is permitted on shipbuilding grade materials "A"-"EH36" providing the material
has not been produced by the thermo-mechanical controlled rolling practice method. All other
grades of steel including "FH-XX" and "XX-40 through XX-69" inclusive, shall require special
consideration and approval by the Delegated Representative. Heat line bending is not permitted on
quench and tempered steels.
5.5.3.3 Procedures
For those pre-approved shipbuilding grades of steel listed in Section 5.5.3.2 herein, forming is not
to be performed between 205° C and 425° C. If the forming temperature exceeds 650° C for as-
rolled, controlled rolled or normalized steels, mechanical tests are to be made to assure that these
temperatures have not adversely affected the mechanical properties of the steel. Water quenching
should not occur at temperatures above 550° C.
For applications where toughness is of particular concern, when the steel is formed below 650° C
beyond 3% strain on the outer fibre, charpy-v-notch impact tests shall be performed to the
satisfaction of the Delegated Representative to demonstrate impact properties meet material
specification minimum requirements. The percent strain on the outer fibre shall be calculated by;
65 times the plate thickness divided by the outer radius.

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For those materials not pre-approved, heat line bending procedures shall be submitted to the
Delegated Representative for consideration. The submission shall contain results of metallurgical,
physical and corrosion tests.
5.5.3.4 Controls
During plate forming, controls shall be in place to check maximum plate and water or air
quenching temperatures. On material grades having notch toughness properties, direct supervision
and monitoring is required.

5.5.4 Weld Size and Dimensions

The size and length of welds shall not be less than, nor shall they be substantially in excess of,
those specified by the design requirement.
For tee joints in the skewed condition, the deposited leg length of fillet welds shall be adjusted
based on the fitted angle and gap as required by CSA Standards W59 and W59.2 for steel and
aluminum, respectively. Gaps shall not exceed 5 mm and the dihedral angle shall not exceed 135°.

5.5.5 Adjacent Weld Spacing

The minimum dimension between adjacent groove welds that do not appear on approved drawings
or form part of an insert located in shell plating shall be 300 mm minimum.
The minimum dimension between a groove weld in a table member and a fillet weld to the same
table member that do not appear on approved drawings shall be 30 mm minimum.
The minimum dimension between fillet welds attaching an abutting member to a table member
and a groove weld in the same abutting member that do not appear on approved drawings shall be
300 mm minimum.
5.5.6 Inserts and Doublers
Where local increase in plate thickness is required, insert plates shall be used instead of doubler plates.
When an insert is to be located within the shell envelope the minimum dimension shall be 1000
mm x 1000 mm. When an insert is to be located in other locations the minimum dimension shall
be 300 mm x 300 mm. Welds should be connected to existing butts and seams whenever possible.
The minimum corner radius used for all insert plates independent of location shall be 5 (t), 75 mm
minimum.
For shell and weather deck plating, the rolling direction of an insert plate shall be fitted to match
the rolling direction of the surrounding base plates.
Welding sequences shall be carefully developed in order that shrinkage stress is balanced and
restraint cracking does not occur.

5.5.7 Edge Preparation and Fitted Tolerances

The edge preparation is to be accurate and uniform and the parts to be welded are to be fitted in
accordance with the approved joint detail. Means are to be provided for maintaining the parts to be
welded in correct position and alignment during the welding operation.
Occasional misalignment of joints fitted for welding shall not exceed dimensional tolerances detailed
in CSA Standards W59 and W59.2 for steel and aluminum, respectively, and this Specification.

5.5.8 Intercostals
The occasional misalignment of intercostals for steel structures shall not exceed the limitations
illustrated in Figure 5.2.

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t3

t t2
t 1t
2

(X) = misalignment measured on the heel line; Where t 3 is less than t 1, then t 3 should be substituted for t 1
- When (X) ≤ t¹/3 Increase Fillet Leg Size Equal to Offset
For Strength Members:
- When (X) > t¹/3 Release and Re-Align
- When (X) ≤ t¹/2 Increase Fillet Leg Size Equal to Offset
For Other Members:
- When (X) > t¹/2 Release and Re-Align
Figure 5.2 Intercostals
Misalignment of intercostals is not permitted in aluminum structures.
5.5.9 Dissimilar Plate Thickness
Plates of different thicknesses that are groove welded require a transition as follows:
- Exterior Shell Plating of Ice Transiting Steel Ships, 1 in 4
- Other, 1 in 3
When the difference in thickness is less than
or equal to 5 mm and 3 mm for steel and
aluminum, respectively, the transition may be
created by welding as illustrated in Figure 5.3
TRANSITION BY SLOPING WELD SURFACE
Figure 5.3 Sloping Weld

TRANSITION BY SLOPING WELD SURFACE AND CHAMFERING AFTER WELDING

When the difference in thickness exceeds 5 mm
and 3 mm for steel and aluminum, respectively,
the transition may be achieved by chamfering
or a combination of chamfering and welding
as illustrated in Figure 5.4.

TRANSITION BY CHAMFERING THICKER PART PRIOR TO WELDING

Figure 5.4 Chamfering

5.5.10 Flush Tolerance

Surfaces of welds required to be flush shall meet requirements of CSA Standards W59 and W59.2 for
steel and aluminum, respectively. In addition, for aluminum the weld shall be finished so as not to
reduce the cross section below the base metal’s mill tolerance set by the material’s compliance standard.
5.5.11 Smooth Tolerance
Surfaces of groove welds required to be smooth shall be finished so as to ensure that the weld
reinforcement does not exceed 1.5 mm. There shall be no valleys or grooves between individual
weld beads and weld toes shall blend smoothly into the base metal without undercut or overlap.

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5.5.12 Preparation of Welds for the Application of Coatings or Paints

Completed welds shall be prepared to the requirements of the coating and/or paint manufacturer
prior to the materials being applied.
5.5.13 Distortion and Residual Stress
Welding of structures, sub-assemblies and parts shall progress symmetrically to minimize distortion.
Members should remain unrestrained during welding to minimize stresses. Welds shall be deposited in
a sequence that shall balance the heat applied throughout the welding process. Welds shall progress
from points where the parts are relatively fixed in position towards points where they have relatively
greater freedom of movement.
It should be noted, plain carbon steels are more forgiving than aluminum. The thermal expansion
coefficient of aluminum is about twice that of steel. The total amount of thermal expansion varies
inversely with the welding speed. As a result, fixtures should be designed so plate alignment will
accommodate twice the dimensional change normally expected for welding a similar steel component.
Unlike steel, restrictions apply to correcting distortions in aluminum caused by welding. In
addition, as-deposited weld metal elongation properties are 5 - 7% on average rendering weld
deposits more prone to cracking under restraint.
Weld sizes shall be kept to a minimum. Excessive weld cross sections and over welding shall be
avoided. Joints anticipated to cause significant shrinkage shall be welded first.
5.5.13.1 Submission of Welding Sequence
All Contractors shall submit a welding sequence to the Delegated Representative prior to
performing any welding work. Welding sequences shall be developed for the method of
construction (block or frame and plate) and for insert plates.
For block construction, a sequence for assembling blocks and erecting and welding blocks to each
other at the berth is required.
For frame and plate construction, a sequence for welding shell butts and seams, frames and
bulkheads to shell plating, tank top to inner bottom framing and "A" frames and stern tubes and
other critical components is required.
5.5.13.2 Restrained Joints
When welding joints that are restrained and/or where significant shrinkage is anticipated, welding
shall be carried out continuously or to a point that shall ensure freedom from cracking after the
joint has cooled below the interpass temperature. Root passes shall be of adequate size to withstand
shrinkage stress. Block welding or cascade welding techniques should be used wherever practicable.
5.5.13.3 Jigs and Fixtures
Jigs, fixtures, clamping and strong backs shall be used in such a manner as to avoid restraint
during welding. Strong backs welded on one side of the joint and wedged on the other are
preferred. When removing strong backs, care shall be taken not to scar the material to which they
are welded. Repair of scars to base plates shall be in accordance with approved procedures.
5.5.13.4 Progression
Frames, stiffeners or intercostals should be welded to each other before they are welded to the
plating. When joining sub-assemblies to each other, joints connecting plating should be welded
prior to welding the butt joints of the sub-assembly framing.
Welding should be started in the centre of the ship and progress outward, forward and aft. Sub-
assemblies should be welded in the same manner starting in the centre, progressing outward.
Transverse butts in plating should be welded prior to longitudinal seams.

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5.5.13.5 Intersections and Release Distance

Care shall be taken when welding intersecting butts and seams. The techniques illustrated in
Figure 5.5 and Figure 5.6 shall be followed.
1. Weld the butt between (B) and (C) and then the weld seam between (A) and (B).
Figure 5.5 Staggered Butt Weld Figure 5.6 Aligned Butt Weld
Build up end of weld
flush with groove face

(A)
(A) (D)

SEAM
SEAM

(B) (C) (B) (C)

BUTT 230 mm BUTT

1) Weld seam between (A) and (B) to within 230 mm of butt.
2) Weld butt between (B) and (C).
3) Weld butt between (A) and (D).
4) Complete welding seam to within 230 mm of next butt.
Stiffeners fillet welded to plating that traverse butts or seams shall be released and remain unwelded
for a distance of at least 230 mm in each direction until butts or seams they traverse have been fully
welded. For plates > 19 mm in thickness, release distance shall be increased to 300 mm minimum.
5.5.14 Repair of Distortion
When distortion of plating between stiffeners exceeds the limits detailed in Table 6.10 of IACS No.
47, Shipbuilding and Repair Quality Standard as reproduced below, straightening shall be required.
Item Standard Limit Item Standard Limit
Shell plate Forecastle & Poop deck
• Parallel part (side & bottom shell) 4 mm 8 mm • Bare part 4 mm 8 mm
• Fore and aft part 5 mm 8 mm • Covered part 6 mm 9 mm
Tank top plate 4 mm 8 mm Super structure deck
• Bare part 4 mm 6 mm
• Covered part 7 mm 9 mm
Bulkhead House wall
• Longl. Bulkhead • Outside wall 4 mm 6 mm
• Trans. Bulkhead 6 mm 8 mm • Inside wall 6 mm 8 mm
• Swash Bulkhead • Covered part 7 mm 9 mm
Strength deck Interior member (web of 5 mm 7 mm
• Parallel part 4 mm 8 mm girder, etc.)
• Covered part 6 mm 9 mm
• Fore and aft part 7 mm 9 mm
Second deck Floor and girder in 5 mm 8 mm
• Bare part 6 mm 8 mm double bottom
• Covered part 7 mm 9 mm

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Members distorted by welding shall be straightened by carefully following the procedures

approved by the Delegated Representative following the methods and controls offered in CSA
Standards W59 and W59.2 for steel and aluminum, respectively, and this Specification.
5.5.15 Temporary Welds and Lug Removal
5.5.15.1 Temporary Welds
Temporary welds shall not be located on a welded butt or seam.
Temporary welds shall only be made using approved weld procedures.
5.5.15.2 Lug and Temporary Attachments
For the hull exterior, exposed bulkheads, decks, panels, superstructure, walkways, bulwarks,
fairleads, bollards, and any other zone deemed necessary to avoid operational hazards and to
provide a good cosmetic appearance to the vessel, all lugs, temporary fairing aids, studs, etc., shall
be removed to render a flush and smooth surface.
5.5.15.3 Removal of Temporary Welds, Lugs and Attachments
Temporary welds shall be removed and the surface restored flush with the original surface.
Hammering or other mechanical means that will result in scars to base material shall be avoided.
Scars in plate surfaces shall be repaired by welding with approved procedures.
Welding electrodes and consumables for repairing scars in exterior shell plating shall be corrosion
resistant in sea water and completed welds shall meet the acceptance criterion of this Specification.
Repair welds shall be ground flush or smooth as required by the Delegated Representative.
5.5.16 Arc Strikes
Arc strikes outside the area of welds should be avoided following the requirements of CSA
Standards W59 and W59.2 for steel and aluminum, respectively, and of this Specification.
When an arc strike occurs in a location deemed critical by the Delegated Representative, the
surface shall be lightly ground and inspected with the appropriate non-destructive inspection
methods. Repair of arc strikes shall be to the satisfaction of the Delegated Representative.
5.6 WELD INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS
All non-destructive inspections required in this Specification shall be considered the minimum
requirements of the Owner. The method and location of inspections shall be determined by the
Delegated Representative. Inspection test results shall be returned to the Delegated Representative
within requested time frame. No interpretation report or radiograph shall be destroyed or discarded.
The minimum number of locations ordered for examination at one time shall be a combination of
any method cumulatively totalling 10, unless otherwise agreed to by the Delegated Representative.
Contractors desiring to use ultrasonic inspection in lieu of radiographic inspection to examine
welds located in steel structures shall submit a detailed proposal to the Delegated Representative
to consider. At the Delegated Representatives’ discretion, ultrasonic inspection may be accepted in
lieu of radiographic inspection if the length of inspection is as required for ultrasonic inspection in
Table 5.7 herein and the ultrasonic inspection procedures and techniques are proven accurate and
repeatable by 30% spot radiography of the first fifteen locations examined by ultrasonic methods.
Substitute inspection methods are not permitted for examining welds located in aluminum structures.
5.6.1 Monthly Facility Audits
In addition to the CWB biannual audits required to maintain certification to CSA Standards W47.1
and W47.2, the Owner shall retain the services of the CWB to perform monthly audits of the
contractor’s facilities and visual inspection results where welding is taking place. Audits shall
measure the contractor’s compliance with the requirements of this Specification.

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5.6.2 Non Destructive Inspection Audits

The Owner reserves the right to retain the services of the National Non Destructive Testing
Certification Body of Natural Resources Canada (NRCAN) or another organization acceptable to
the Owner to perform audits of the radiographic film and interpretation reports. Audits shall
measure the contractor’s compliance with the requirements of this Specification.
5.6.3 Selection of Non Destructive Inspection Methods
The method of inspection shall be appropriate to depict discontinuities dependent on the material,
joint and weld type, the orientation of potential discontinuities within the weld cross section and
access to the part in need of inspection. All welds shall be examined by visual inspection.
Full penetration welds shall be selectively sampled by radiographic and ultrasonic inspection
methods. Radiographic inspection shall be used for full penetration groove welds in butt joints.
Ultrasonic inspection shall be used for full penetration groove welds in tee and corner joints.
Fillet welds in steel structures shall be selectively sampled by liquid penetrant and magnetic
particle inspection. Fillet welds in aluminum structures shall be selectively sampled by liquid
penetrant inspection.
5.6.4 Locations Subjected to Inspection
Welds subjected to non-destructive inspection shall include, but will not necessarily be limited to,
the following locations:
Strength o Flat and vertical keel;
Table 5.6 Locations Subjected to Inspection members o Tank margin plates;
o Sheer strake;
The exact position of inspections shall be o Bilge strake;
determined by the Delegated Representative o Deck stringer plates.
Shell o Intersection of butts and seams;
plating: o Transverse butts;
o Longitudinal seams.
Other: o Inserts and closure plates;
o Cruciform welds;
5.6.5 Extent of Inspections o Terminal welds.
5.6.5.1 Visual Inspection:
All welds shall be visually inspected their entire length.
5.6.5.2 NDE Methods – New Construction
For new construction, in addition to the requirements of Section 5.6.5.1 herein, the number of
locations inspected by liquid penetrant, magnetic particle, radiographic and ultrasonic test methods
shall be in accordance with the calculated requirements of Table 5.7 herein.
Table 5.7 Quantity of Inspections – New Construction
Inspection Method Formula for Determining the Number Required
UT Inspections = 0.50 x (L+B+D)
MT or PT Inspections = 1.00 x (L+B+D)
RT Inspections = 2.00 x (L+B+D)
Where: PT = Penetrant Inspections
MT = Magnetic Particle Inspections
RT = Radiographic Inspections
UT = Ultrasonic Inspections
L = Overall Length in meters
B = Greatest Moulded Breadth in meters
D = Moulded Depth at Side, in meters, measured at L/2

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For Example: A Lifeboat 15 meters in length having a breadth of 4.5 meters and a moulded depth
of 2 meters will require: Method Number Length of Inspection
When access does not permit UT = 11 1000 mm – butts or seams
the use of 300 mm by 300 mm Inspections 500 mm x 500 mm – intersecting butts & seams
film size at intersecting butts MT or PT = 22 1000 mm
and seams, a series of films Inspections
shall be positioned to offer RT = 44 440 mm - butts or seams
examination of 150 mm of Inspections 300 mm x 300 mm – intersecting butts & seams
weld in all directions.
5.6.5.3 NDE Methods - Other
For work packages other than new construction, in addition to the requirements of Section 5.5.6.1
herein, the number of locations inspected by liquid penetrant, magnetic particle, radiographic and
ultrasonic test methods shall be in accordance with the requirements of Table 5.8 herein.
Table 5.8 Quantity of Inspections – Other
Item Method Number
Entire Plate Renewal – Butts & Seams (shell, decks, bulkheads, tanktop etc) RT 6 per plate
Entire Plate Renewal – Butts & Seams (secondary structure) RT 2 per plate
Partial Plate Renewal – Butts & Seams (primary & secondary structure) RT See inserts herein
Insert – Butt & Groove Welds (shell, decks, bulkheads, tanktop etc.) RT 4 per insert
Insert – Groove Welds (other primary structure) RT 2 per insert
Insert – Groove Welds (secondary structure) RT 1 per insert
Hull Penetration – Pipe or Plate to Shell Plate Opening (below waterline) UT Entire Weld Length
Pressure Pipe Girth Welds RT 1 of each 5 welds
Full Circumference

5.6.6 Surface Preparation Prior to Inspection

Prior to inspection by any method, welds and adjacent areas shall be cleaned so as to be free from
all rust, scale, primer, paint, weld spatter and other foreign matter to enable accurate interpretation
of the area of interest (weld zone). Staging and lighting shall be provided to permit safe access for
inspection.
For liquid penetrant, magnetic particle and radiographic inspections weld profiles and contours
shall be sufficiently smooth to ensure that geometric conditions do not cause false indications.
For ultrasonic inspection, the contact surfaces shall be smooth to the extent that the finish does not
interfere with the inspection. Tests performed on rough surfaces shall require special calibration
procedures.

5.6.7 Delayed Inspection

When testing welds subject to high restraint and/or when the steel yield strength is greater than
360 MPa, tests shall be delayed at least 48 hours after weld completion.

5.6.8 Inspection Personnel Qualifications and Certificates

5.6.8.1 Visual Inspection
Individuals performing and interpreting visual inspection shall be currently certified by the CWB
in accordance with CSA Standard W178.2, Certification of Welding Inspectors. The individual
shall be Level 2 or Level 3 and shall maintain the following Code endorsement categories: Ships
and Marine Structures; and Buildings and Industrial Structures. Level 1 personnel may only
observe and/or assist Level 2 and Level 3 personnel perform the inspections.

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5.6.8.2 Other Inspection Methods

Individuals performing and interpreting liquid penetrant, magnetic particle, radiographic and
ultrasonic inspections shall be currently qualified by the National Non Destructive Testing
Certification Body of Natural Resources Canada (NRCAN) to CAN/CGSB 48.9712 Level 2 or
Level 3. Level 1 personnel may only observe and/or assist Level 2 and Level 3 personnel perform
the inspections.
5.6.8.3 Certificates
For each inspection method, a copy of the examining individual's current year qualification
certificate shall be attached to the initial interpretation or verification report supplied to the
Delegated Representative. If a new validation year is entered or if a different individual is used,
new qualification certificates shall be supplied with any subsequent interpretation report being
submitted.
5.6.9 Steel Structures
5.6.9.1 Inspection Procedures
Inspection procedures and techniques are to be prepared by Level 3 personnel for each inspection
method required by this Specification and submitted to the Delegated Representative prior to
performing any inspections of completed work. Procedures for visual inspection shall follow the
requirements of Clause 7 of CSA Standard W59 and ASME Section V. Procedures for liquid
penetrant and magnetic particle inspections shall follow the requirements of Clause 7 of CSA
Standard W59. Procedures for radiographic and ultrasonic inspections shall follow the
requirements of Clauses 7 and 8 of CSA Standard W59.
5.6.9.2 Acceptance Criterion
Visual and liquid penetrant inspection acceptance criterion shall be in accordance with Clause
12.5.4.1 of CSA Standard W59.The magnetic particle inspection acceptance criterion shall be in
accordance with Clause 12.5.4.1 or 12.5.4.3 of CSA Standard W59. The radiographic inspection
acceptance criterion shall be in accordance with Clause 12.5.4.3 of CSA Standard W59. The
ultrasonic inspection acceptance criterion shall be in accordance with Clause 12.5.4.4 of CSA
Standard W59.
5.6.9.3 Radiographic Inspection
5.6.9.3.1 Source of Radiation
Radiographs shall be made by either x-ray or gamma ray as follows:
• x-ray shall be used for material less than 6 mm in thickness.
• the minimum material thickness inspected by gamma ray shall be 6 mm.
• the maximum material thickness inspected by gamma ray shall be 50 mm. Material thicknesses
greater than 50 mm shall be examined by ultrasonic methods.
• for gamma ray applications, the source of radiation shall be Iridium 192.
5.6.9.3.2 Radiographic Film
The class of film is dependent on material thickness, source of radiation and required sensitivity.
The following shall apply:
• for x-ray on material thickness less than 6 mm, class II film may be used providing the 2-2(t)
hole is clearly visible on the radiograph. Otherwise, class I film shall be used;
• when the material thickness is greater than or equal to 6 mm and less than 12 mm, class I film
and iridium 192 gamma radiation shall be used;
• when the material thickness is greater than or equal to 12 mm, class I or class II film and
iridium 192 gamma radiation may be used.

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5.6.9.3.3 Display of Information and IQI Essential Holes

The exposed radiograph shall show the outline of the “Hole Type” Image Quality Indicator (IQI),
shims, IQI identification number, essential hole, radiograph identification number, location
markers, date it was taken, reference to the contract number or vessel identification and
radiographer's initials.
• When x-ray is used on materials thicknesses < 6 mm, the image of the 2-2(t) hole shall appear
clearly on the radiograph.
• When iridium 192 gamma radiation is used on material thicknesses > 6 mm but < 12 mm where
class 1 film is required, the image of the 2-2(t) hole shall appear clearly on the radiograph.
• When iridium 192 gamma radiation is used on material thicknesses > 12 mm but < 30 mm, the
image of the 2-4(t) hole shall appear clearly on the radiograph.
• When iridium 192 gamma radiation is used on material thicknesses greater than 30 mm, the
image of the 2-2(t) hole shall appear clearly on the radiograph.
5.6.9.3.4 Intensification Screens
Intensification screens shall not be used. If adequate contrast cannot be achieved with a single film
when examining unequal thicknesses, a dual exposure technique shall be used.
5.6.10 Aluminum Structures
5.6.10.1 Inspection Procedures
Inspection procedures and techniques are to be prepared by Level 3 personnel for each inspection
method required by this Specification and submitted to the Delegated Representative for approval
prior to use.
Procedures for visual inspection shall follow the requirements of Clause 7 of CSA Standard W59.2
and ASME Section V. Procedures for liquid penetrant, radiographic and ultrasonic inspections
shall follow the requirements of Clause 7 of CSA Standard W59.2, and of this Specification.
5.6.10.2 Acceptance Criterion
The visual, liquid penetrant, radiographic and ultrasonic inspection acceptance criterion shall be in
accordance with Clause 6 of CSA Standard W59.2, except as modified by this Specification.
If visual inspection reveals melt-through or suck-back, the affected weld metal or material shall be
dressed by mechanical methods, repair welded if required and examined by liquid penetrant
inspection its entire length.
5.6.10.3 Radiographic Inspection
5.6.10.3.1 Source of Radiation
Radiographs shall be made by x-ray. The maximum permissible kilovoltages shall be as shown in
Table 5.9.
Table 5.9 Thickness vs. Maximum Kilovoltage

Thickness Max Kilovolts

Up to 6 mm 80
6 mm to 13 mm 80 to 120
13 mm to 19 mm 120 to 130
19 mm to 25 mm 130 to 150
Greater than 25 mm 170 maximum
5.6.10.3.2 Radiographic Film
All radiographic film shall be class I only.

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Welding Structures

5.6.10.3.3 Display of Information and IQI Essential Holes

The exposed radiograph shall show the outline of the “Hole Type” Image Quality Indicator (IQI), shims,
IQI identification number, essential hole, radiograph identification number, location markers, the date
it was taken, reference to the contract number or vessel identification and the radiographer's initials.
For material thickness less than 5 mm the 2-1 (t) essential hole shall appear clearly on the
radiograph. For material thickness 5 mm and over, the image of the 2-2 (t) essential hole shall
appear clearly on the radiograph.
5.6.10.3.4 Intensification Screens
Intensification screens shall not be used. If adequate contrast cannot be achieved with a single
film when examining unequal thicknesses, a dual exposure technique shall be used.
5.6.11 Double Loaded Film Requirement
All radiographic inspection shall be taken with a double loaded film technique so that two film
negatives are obtained for each inspection. One film negative shall be sent to the Director, Marine
Engineering and the other film negative shall remain at the work site in the possession of the
onsite Delegated Representative. At contract completion, the film negatives stored at the work site
shall be sent to the Director, Marine Engineering.
5.6.12 Radiographic Film Viewer
The Contractor shall have a professional radiographic film high intensity viewer capable of penetrating
film densities of 1.5 to 4.5. The viewer shall be kept at the work site and available for use by the
Contractor and Delegated Representatives for the entire duration of the contract and warranty period.
5.6.13 Inspection Reports
Inspection reports shall record the date of inspection, builder/Contractor's name, vessel type and
hull number, Owner's name, inspection organizations name, inspection procedure number,
interpretation report number, item, location, all discontinuities including single and accumulated
indications, weld acceptance criteria, location of discontinuities and the name, qualification, level
and signature of the individuals performing the inspection and interpretation. Inspection reports
shall reference material type, thickness, joint type and geometry.
When a portion of a weld is to be inspected by liquid penetrant, magnetic particle, radiographic or
ultrasonic methods, the location shall be subjected to visual inspection in advance of the other
inspection method. Interpretation reports are required for both inspection methods.
5.6.13.1 Visual Inspection
For block assembly new construction methods, a visual inspection verification report is required
for each fabricated block and joining of blocks to each other.
For frame and plate new construction methods or work packages other than new construction, a
verification report is required for each fabricated compartment (e.g. between two adjacent
bulkheads/engine room compartment).
The verification report shall be a statement signed off by the Contractor’s qualified inspector
which states all welds have been inspected and they conform to requirements of this Specification.
Verification reports shall be presented to the Delegated Representative prior to the Owner’s
scheduled audit date.
5.6.13.2 Radiographic Inspection
In addition to the requirements of Sections 5.6.13 and 5.6.13.1, radiographic interpretation reports
shall reference IQI design and identification number, source of radiation, source to film distance,
angle of incident radiation, film type and intensification screen design (if permitted) and, material
type, thickness, joint type and geometry.

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Welding Structures

Each interpretation report shall contain a report number. The report number shall include the
Contractor's hull number (i.e. #1-218, etc.) and/or ship’s name.Each location listed on the report
shall be identified with an Inspection number (i.e., location #50 port is Inspection #3).
For radiographs, each film and its duplicate shall be submitted in a paper protective folder. The
identification to appear on each folder shall be Inspection #, Report # and Hull # as illustrated below.
Inspection # Report # Hull #
3 - 1 - 218
Each repaired location shall reference the original report of the rejected location, for example:
Location #50 - Port R1 - See 3-1-218
5.6.13.3 Inspection Arrangement Drawings
The Contractor shall prepare an adequate number of non-destructive inspection arrangement
drawings and sketches that accurately document the location of the inspections.
The inspection method, weld identification number and abbreviations for each inspection shall be
accurately recorded on a progressive basis (e.g. UT #75-R1, RT # 150 - adjacent - aft, etc). A legend
detailing the identification symbols used by the Contractor shall appear on each arrangement drawing.
The Contractor shall supply updated arrangement drawings to the Delegated Representative on a
regular basis throughout the contract period. Three copies of the final drawings shall be supplied
to the Delegated Representative at contract completion.
5.6.14 Overlapping Inspection
When a discontinuity extends to either or both ends of a location being inspected, additional overlapping
inspection shall be required. The overlapping inspection shall show a portion of the original end.
When an overlapping inspection displays unacceptable discontinuities at either or both ends, the
entire weld length shall be considered unacceptable unless proven otherwise by the Contractor.
Under this condition, welds shall be repaired to the extent required by the Delegated Representative.
All overlapping inspections shall be taken prior to repair of the originally rejected location. If
repair has occurred prior to overlapping inspections and the entire weld length has not been
repaired, the overlapping inspections shall be placed to overlap the start and finish of the repair.
The Contractor shall be responsible for all costs associated with performing overlapping inspections.
5.6.15 Rejected Weld or Part
When a portion of a weld contains discontinuities not meeting the acceptance criteria of this
Specification, corrective action may be taken providing the Delegated Representative has reviewed
the extent of unacceptable discontinuities and is in agreement with the repair procedure.
The repaired area shall be inspected by at least the same non-destructive inspection method used
for the original inspection. Care shall be taken to ensure that the inspection of the repaired area is
accurately located so that it measures the original location that was rejected.
For each failed location, one new location shall be examined. All new locations shall be selected
by the Delegated Representative. Each new location shall be considered in addition to the
requirements of this Section. All costs associated with performing the additional inspections shall
be at the Contractor's expense.
When an entire weld, base material, entire part or entire section contains unacceptable
discontinuities as specified herein, no corrective action shall be taken until the repair procedure
has been approved by the Delegated Representative and other interested parties.

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Welding Structural Stainless Steel

Section 6 WELDING STRUCTURAL STAINLESS STEEL

6.1 SCOPE
The requirements of this Section shall apply to welding and inspection of all structural stainless
steels.

6.2 DESIGN AND DRAWINGS

Weld design shall be to the Rules of a Classification Society that is an approved Recognized
Organization by Transport Canada Marine Safety and Security.
Unless to the otherwise approved by the Delegated Representative, the following conditions shall
be met:
• all groove welds in butt joints shall be full penetration; and,
• all corner joints shall be full penetration groove welds combined with a single continuous
fillet weld.
A weld design schedule shall be submitted to the Delegated Representative in drawing form for
review prior to commencing any welding work.

6.3 CERTIFICATION
Contractors undertaking the welding of stainless steel within the scope of this Specification shall
be certified by the CWB to the requirements of CSA Standard W47.1 Division 1 or 2.
Welders, welding operators and welding procedures shall meet the requirements of CSA Standard
W47.1, and of AWS D1.6 as permitted by CSA Standard W47.1.

6.4 WELDING ELECTRODES AND CONSUMABLES

Welding electrodes and consumables shall be selected following the requirements of AWS D1.6.
Welding electrodes and consumables for welding of stainless steel shall be certified by the CWB
to the requirements of CSA Standard W48 or the applicable AWS A5 series of standards.

6.5 WORKMANSHIP
Welding shall meet the requirements of CSA Standard W47.1 and AWS D1.6, and of this
Specification.

6.6 INSPECTION
All examination and inspection of structural stainless steel shall comply with the requirements of
AWS D1.6

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Welding Structural Stainless Steel

6.6.1 Personnel
All inspection personnel shall meet the requirements of Chapter 5.0, Section 5.6.8 of this
Specification.

6.6.2 Inspections
All welds shall be visually examined along 100% of their length for correct size, profile and the
presence of visible defects. Unacceptable conditions or defects shall be repaired to the satisfaction
of the Delegated Representative.
Full penetration welds shall be selectively sampled. Radiographic inspection shall be used for full
penetration groove welds in butt joints. Ultrasonic inspection shall be used for full penetration
groove welds in tee and corner joints.
Fillet welds shall be selectively sampled by liquid penetrant and/or magnetic particle inspection.
All of the requirements of Section 5.5 of this Specification shall be met unless otherwise specified
in this Chapter.

6.6.3 Acceptance Criterion

The visual inspection acceptance criterion shall be in accordance with Clauses 5.11 and 6.29.1 of
AWS D1.6.
The liquid penetrant inspection acceptance criterion shall be in accordance with Clauses 6.7.6 and
6.29.4 of AWS D1.6.
The magnetic particle inspection acceptance criterion shall be in accordance with Clauses 6.7.7
and 6.29.2 of AWS D1.6.
The radiographic inspection acceptance criterion shall be in accordance with Clauses 6.9, 6.10 and
6.29.2 of AWS D1.6.
The ultrasonic inspection acceptance criterion shall be in accordance with Clause 6, Part “C” and
Clause 6.29.3 of AWS D1.6.

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Other structural Materials

Section 7 OTHER STRUCTURAL MATERIALS

7.1 SCOPE
The requirements of this Section shall apply to welding and inspection of all structural materials
other than those included in the scope of CSA Standards W47.1, W59, W47.2 and W59.2 and
AWS D1.6.

7.2 DESIGN AND DRAWINGS

Weld design shall be to the Rules of a Classification Society that is an approved Recognized
Organization by Transport Canada Marine Safety and Security.
Unless otherwise approved by the Delegated Representative, the following conditions shall be
met:
• all groove welds in butt joints shall be full penetration; and,
• all corner joints shall be full penetration groove welds combined with a single continuous
fillet weld.
A weld design schedule shall be submitted to the Delegated Representative in drawing form for
review prior to commencing any welding work.

7.3 CERTIFICATION
Welders, welding operators and welding procedures shall meet the requirements of ASME Section
IX or other suitable standard(s) approved for use by the Designated Representative and the CWB.
All tests shall be fully witnessed and documented by the CWB.

7.4 WELDING ELECTRODES AND CONSUMABLES

Welding electrodes and consumables shall be selected following the requirements of ASME
Section IX or other suitable standard(s) approved for use by the Designated Representative and the
CWB.
Welding electrodes and consumables shall conform to the requirements of ASME Section IX and
the applicable AWS A5 series of standards or other suitable standard(s) approved for use by the
Designated Representative and the CWB.

7.5 WORKMANSHIP
Welding shall meet the requirements of CSA Standard W59, and of this Specification.

7.6 INSPECTION
7.6.1 Personnel
All inspection personnel shall meet the requirements of Chapter 5.0, Section 5.6.8 of this
Specification.

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Other structural Materials

7.6.2 Inspections
All welds shall be visually examined along 100% of their length for correct size, profile and the
presence of visible defects. Unacceptable conditions or defects shall be repaired to the satisfaction
of the Delegated Representative.
Full penetration welds shall be selectively sampled. Radiographic inspection shall be used for full
penetration groove welds in butt joints. Ultrasonic inspection shall be used for full penetration
groove welds in tee and corner joints.
Fillet welds shall be selectively sampled by liquid penetrant and/or magnetic particle inspection.
All of the requirements of Section 5.5 of this Specification shall be met unless otherwise specified
in this Chapter.

7.6.3 Acceptance Criterion

The visual and liquid penetrant inspection acceptance criterion shall be in accordance with Clause
12.5.4.1 of CSA Standard W59.
The magnetic particle inspection acceptance criterion shall be in accordance with Clause 12.5.4.1
or 12.5.4.3 of CSA Standard W59.
The radiographic inspection acceptance criterion shall be in accordance with Clause 12.5.4.3 of
CSA Standard W59.
The ultrasonic inspection acceptance criterion shall be in accordance with Clause 12.5.4.4 of CSA
Standard W59.

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Pressure Pipe Welding

Section 8 PRESSURE PIPE WELDING

8.1 SCOPE
The requirements of this Chapter shall apply to welding and inspection of all pressure piping in
the absence of Classification Society oversight.

8.2 DESIGN AND DRAWINGS

Weld design for pressure piping shall be in accordance with ASME Code B31.1 - Power Piping.
A weld design schedule for pressure piping shall be submitted to the Delegated Representative in
drawing form for review prior to commencing any welding work.

8.3 WELDING ELECTRODES AND CONSUMABLES

All welding electrodes and consumables shall comply with ASME IX and ASME B31.1.
Electrodes and consumables not covered by ASME Section IX may be used provided a weld
procedure qualification test is successfully completed prior to performing any work. Tests shall
reflect the requirements of ASME Section IX.

8.4 PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS

Qualification of welders and welding operators shall comply with the requirements of ASME
Section IX and ASME B31.1. Testing and approval shall be administered by the local Provincial
Pressure Vessel Authority. Personnel qualification records shall be forwarded to the Delegated
Representative prior to welding.

8.5 QUALIFICATION OF WELD PROCEDURES

Welding procedures shall be qualified in accordance with ASME Section IX and ASME B31.1.
Testing and approval shall be administered by the local Provincial Pressure Vessel Authority.
Weld procedure qualification records shall be forwarded to the Delegated Representative prior to
welding.

8.6 WORKMANSHIP
All workmanship shall be in accordance with the requirements of ASME B31.1.

8.7 INSPECTION
All examination and inspection of pressure piping, pressure vessels and pressure containment
systems shall comply with the requirements of ASME B31.1.

8.7.1 Personnel
All inspection personnel shall meet the requirements of Chapter 5.0, Section 5.6.8 of this
Specification.

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Pressure Pipe Welding

8.7.2 Inspections
All welds in pressure piping and pressure containment systems shall be visually examined along
100% of their length for correct size, profile and the presence of visible defects. Unacceptable
conditions or defects shall be repaired to the satisfaction of the Delegated Representative.
Full penetration groove welds shall be sampled by spot radiography at a frequency of one in every
five welds produced by each welder. Welders shall be assigned a unique identification number
that shall be stamped on each full penetration connection welded. If a radiograph reveals gross
defects, one additional joint shall be inspected by radiography. If the new radiograph reveals
gross defects, the remaining three welds shall be radiographed
Repair of defects shall be performed following procedures accepted by the Delegated
Representative. Second repair attempts shall not be permitted without due consideration of the
conditions and agreed to by the Delegated Representative.

8.7.3 Acceptance Criterion

For all inspection methods, welds shall be evaluated in accordance with the acceptance standards
of ASME B31.1.

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Referenced Codes, Publications And Standards

Annex A REFERENCED CODES, PUBLICATIONS AND

STANDARDS
A.1 LIST OF CODES, PUBLICATIONS AND STANDARDS

ASME B31.1 Power Piping

Section V Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Non-destructive Examination

Section IX Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Welding and Brazing

Qualifications

AWS A5 Series Specifications for Filler Metals and Consumables

A5.10 Specification for Bare Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Welding

Electrodes and Rods
D1.6
Structural Welding Code – Stainless Steel

CAN/CGSB 48.9712 Qualification and Certification of Non-Destructive Testing

Personnel

CAN/ISO 14341:XX Welding consumables – Wire electrodes and deposits for gas
shielded metal arc welding of non-alloy and fine grain steels -
Classification

CSA G40.21 Structural Quality Steel

W47.1 Certification of Companies for Fusion Welding of Steel

W47.2 Certification of Companies for Fusion Welding of Aluminum

W48 Filler Metals and Allied Materials for Metal Arc Welding

W59 Welded Steel Construction (Metal Arc Welding)

W59.2 Welded Aluminum Construction

W178.2 Certification of Welding Inspectors

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Tests For Rating Corrosion Resistance Of Carbon Steel Weld Metals In Sea Water

Annex B TESTS FOR RATING CORROSION RESISTANCE OF

CARBON STEEL WELD METALS IN SEA WATER
B.1 SCOPE
When required by Section 5.4.1.9 and 5.4.1.10 of this Specification, weld metals shall be tested
for corrosion resistance in sea water following the procedures detailed herein.
This Annex specifies the requirements for welding and testing plate assemblages. Organizations
performing machining, mechanical testing of welds and corrosion tests shall be approved by the
Delegated Representative in advance of any tests. Welding of test assemblies shall be fully
witnessed and documented by the CWB.
B.2 TEST ASSEMBLY
Test assemblies shall be made in accordance with the requirements of Figure B1 herein.
45 o
5 mm

6 mm
12.5 mm
Min.

DISCARD DISCARD 45 mm

ANODIC ANODIC
DISSOLUTION DISSOLUTION
MIN. HEAT INPUT 55 mm
MIN. HEAT INPUT
(KJ/mm) (KJ/mm)

250 mm
DISCARD DISCARD 50 mm
Min.

ANODIC ANODIC
DISSOLUTION DISSOLUTION
MAX. HEAT INPUT MAX. HEAT INPUT 55 mm
(KJ/mm) (KJ/mm)

DISCARD DISCARD
45 mm

150 mm Min.
Figure B1 Anodic Dissolution Test Plate Assembly
Welds shall be deposited following a stringer temper bead sequence at the lowest and highest heat
input (kj/mm) planned for production as illustrated in Fig. B2 herein. The centre 50 mm discard
portion of the test assembly shall be used as a transition between low and high heat input welds
(stop/starts).
For automatic welding using the submerged arc welding process, two test assemblies may be used;
one for high heat input and the other for low heat input welds. Bead and layer sequences shall be
adjusted to offer split layer finish to the weld.

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Tests For Rating Corrosion Resistance Of Carbon Steel Weld Metals In Sea Water

Figure B2 Bead Sequence

B.3 ANODIC DISSOLUTION TESTING

Specimens removed from the test assemblages detailed in Section B2.0 of this Annex shall be
prepared by machining as illustrated in Figure B3 herein.

Figure B3 Anodic Dissolution Test Specimen

Each of the specimens shall be corroded at room temperature at a nominal current density of 0.88
mA/cm² for a period of 15 days. The test solution shall be 3.5% NaCl. Intermixing of the anolyte
and catholyte shall be prevented by placing a membrane over the opening to the cathode
compartment. The test system shall be as illustrated in Figure B4 herein.

Figure B4 Anodic Dissolution Test System

Anolyte and catholyte pH shall be monitored daily to ensure the membrane is not leaking.
Anolyte pH should be in the range of 6 to 8.5 units and anode potentials should be in the range of -

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Tests For Rating Corrosion Resistance Of Carbon Steel Weld Metals In Sea Water

600 to -560 mV vs. SCE which are potentials typical of unprotected steel in sea water. When the
potential is > -600 mV vs. SCE, daily stirring shall occur to avoid pH stratification of the anolyte.

B.4 REPORTING TEST RESULTS

Mechanical test results, base plate and weld metal chemistries shall be recorded on weld procedure
qualification record forms.
Corrosion test results shall be accurately documented and supported by colour photographs and
black and white macro examination photo records at 5X magnification.
Corrosion loss shall be quantified by taking a series of profile measurements across the weld zone
using a profilometer system having resolution in the "Z" direction of ± 0.0125 mm. The depth of
attack shall be well documented for each area of interest in the weld zone; unaffected base plate,
heat affected zone and weld metal.
Three copies of the test result reports shall be provided to the Delegated Representative for review
and approval of the optimum corrosion resistant weld metal.

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Forming & Thermal Requirements - Aluminum

Annex C FORMING & THERMAL REQUIREMENTS - ALUMINUM

C.1 HOT FORMING
All hot forming procedures shall be approved by the Delegated Representative in advance of hot
forming operations.
The majority of aluminum sections can be formed cold. For severe forming, heat may be used.
Maximum holding times for the forming of aluminum alloys at various temperatures are given in
Table C1.
Hot forming of 5000 series aluminum alloys is generally conducted at temperatures between
260°C and 425°C. Appropriate temperature control methods are to be used in all hot forming and
stress relieving operations. In hot forming or stress relieving, exposure of the 5000 Series alloys
to the 65°C to 200°C temperature range is to be minimized by the use of appropriate cooling
techniques.
Table C1 Maximum Heat Exposure Time at Temperature Preparatory to Forming Aluminum Alloys

Holding 6061-T4, T5 5454 5083, 5086,

Temperature 6061-T5, (Note 3) 5154, 5254,
6063-T5, 5456
(Note 1) 356.0-T4,
0°C (Note 2)
430 NR(4) 50 Hours 50 Hours
260 NR(4) 50 Hours 50 Hours
230 5 Minutes 50 Hours 50 Hours
220 15 Minutes 50 Hours 50 Hours
205 30 Minutes 50 Hours 50 Hours
190 1-2 Hours 50 Hours NR(4)
175 8-10 Hours 50 Hours NR(4)
120-165 50 Hours 50 Hours NR(4)
NOTES:
1. Equal formability may be obtained with shorter periods of heating at correspondingly higher temperatures.
Time at temperature for clad alloys should be kept at a minimum to prevent diffusion of the cladding into the
core alloy. Heating should be as rapid as possible, particularly for temperatures 205°C and above. Excessive
time to approach the desired temperatures can have deleterious effects similar to those resulting from excess
time at temperature.
2. Losses in strength for these alloys in the T6 temper will not exceed about 5% when heated at the temperature and
for the periods shown. Strength of the T4 temper alloys will increase.
3. These alloys will be annealed at 345°C and above.
4. NR = Not Recommended

C.2 COLD FORMING

Cold forming of 5000 series aluminum alloys is to be conducted at temperatures below 50°C,
except for the 5454 alloy, where the maximum temperature may be 150°C. When the extent of
cold forming is such that base plate properties are changed beyond acceptable limits, appropriate
re-heat or stress relief treatments are to be used to re-establish acceptable properties.

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